CN111002235B - Preparation method of novel polymeric abrasive - Google Patents
Preparation method of novel polymeric abrasive Download PDFInfo
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- CN111002235B CN111002235B CN201911346209.2A CN201911346209A CN111002235B CN 111002235 B CN111002235 B CN 111002235B CN 201911346209 A CN201911346209 A CN 201911346209A CN 111002235 B CN111002235 B CN 111002235B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/20—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
- B24D3/28—Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/14—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
- B24D3/342—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties incorporated in the bonding agent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
- B24D3/346—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties utilised during polishing, or grinding operation
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a novel polymeric abrasive, which comprises the following steps of uniformly mixing composite abrasives to prepare abrasive micro powder, adding a bonding agent, bonding, curing, crushing and screening to obtain polymeric abrasives with different particle sizes, and specifically comprises the following steps: (1) stirring and uniformly stirring the composite grinding material, and grinding the mixture into grinding material micro powder; (2) adding a bonding agent into the abrasive micro powder for bonding, and then curing; (3) crushing the cured material, selecting a proper screen, screening the crushed material by using a vibrating screen, and crushing the screened large material again until the large material is screened into the polymerized abrasive material with the required grain size; the preparation method is simple and easy to implement, and the abrasive cloth prepared by the prepared polymeric abrasive has long service life and is not easy to block during grinding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an abrasive, in particular to a preparation method of a novel polymeric abrasive.
Background
Grinding is an important process in the manufacturing industry. Casting and shaping, flattening external mounting, derusting and polishing, and particularly, a low-roughness processing technology of rolling and friction contact surfaces and the like can not be separated from a grinding technology. The modern manufacturing industry is rapidly developing, and various alloy steels made of rare metals such as titanium, nickel, chromium and the like are widely applied. The requirements of surface treatment technology and process are higher and higher, and new requirements such as specialization, refinement, high efficiency, low cost, no pollution and the like are continuously provided for a coated abrasive product called 'modern industrial teeth'. In foreign countries, belt grinding has become a more complete and self-contained processing technology through the development of fifty years. Almost all engineering materials and mechanical equipment can be processed from living goods to aerospace equipment. It is favored because of its high efficiency, good precision, wide application range, strong adaptability, low use cost, safe and convenient operation, etc. In terms of the market, medium and high grade products in developed countries such as the united states, the germany, the japanese, and the korea have always had an absolute advantage in the international market.
With the rapid development of manufacturing industry, high-end requirements are also put forward on processing technology. In the case of belt grinding, it is conventional to implant an abrasive material, such as silicon carbide, alumina or other synthetic composite abrasives such as cubic boron nitride, etc., into the grinding surface. It is also the case that each abrasive has its own advantages and corresponding disadvantages. The efficacy of a conventional sanding belt appears to be relatively single. Sometimes, to finish grinding a workpiece, the abrasive belts with different properties must be replaced several times to achieve the expected effect. How to use a belt to finish the grinding function of multiple processes, reduce material consumption, energy consumption and time consumption, improve the efficiency and reduce the cost, and become the urgent need of the manufacturing industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a preparation method of a novel polymerized abrasive material aiming at the defects in the prior art, the preparation method is simple and feasible, and the prepared polymerized abrasive material has long service life and is not easy to block during grinding.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a preparation method of a novel polymeric abrasive comprises the steps of uniformly mixing a composite abrasive to prepare abrasive micro powder, adding a bonding agent, bonding, curing, crushing and screening to obtain polymeric abrasives with different particle sizes, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) stirring and uniformly stirring the composite grinding material, and grinding the mixture into grinding material micro powder;
(2) adding a bonding agent into the abrasive micro powder for bonding, and then curing;
(3) and crushing the cured material, selecting a proper screen, screening the crushed material by using a vibrating screen, and crushing the screened large material again until the large material is screened into the polymerized abrasive material with the required grain size.
The invention further defines the technical scheme as follows:
in the preparation method of the novel polymeric abrasive, the composite abrasive is a mixture of cubic boron nitride, silicon carbide and corundum abrasive, and the mass ratio of cubic boron nitride: silicon carbide: corundum abrasives 1:35: 14.
In the preparation method of the novel polymeric abrasive, the corundum abrasive is at least one of brown corundum, white corundum and monocrystalline corundum; the silicon carbide is at least one of black silicon carbide, green silicon carbide, cubic silicon carbide and cerium silicon carbide.
In the preparation method of the novel polymeric abrasive, the composite abrasive is prepared into a core-shell structure by an in-situ technology from an abrasive and a nano-grade polishing material, wherein:
the grinding material is a mixture of SiC and Al2O3, and the mass fraction of SiC: al2O3 ═ 1: 2;
SiC and Al2O3 are respectively 800# -1500# fine powder.
In the preparation method of the novel polymeric abrasive, the nano-scale polishing material is at least one of SiO2, CeO2 and ZnO.
The invention has the technical effects that SiC and Al2O3 abrasives with higher hardness are selected as a core, polishing materials such as SiO2, CeO2 and ZnO with lower hardness are selected as a shell, polyurethane and the like which are developed and an IPN (interpenetrating polymer network structure) interpenetrating network structure material organic bonding agent prepared from rubber substances are used for preparing the soft-packaged hard inorganic-inorganic core-shell structure polymeric abrasives, an elastic structure with hard inside and soft outside is formed, the soft-packaged hard abrasives can be directly used for grinding and polishing in the field of precision grinding, the grinding and polishing integrated grinding effect can be achieved, meanwhile, the soft-packaged hard abrasives are further polymerized and cured by using a proper bonding agent, and the cured grinding and polishing integrated material is crushed to prepare the abrasives with larger diameter particles for use. The abrasive with larger grain size has better grinding and polishing effects.
In the preparation method of the novel polymeric abrasive, the nano-grade polishing material is nano vanadium nitride/chromium nitride composite powder.
The invention has the technical effects that the abrasive and the nano-grade polishing material (such as vanadium nitride/chromium nitride) are prepared into the soft-packaged hard composite abrasive with a core-shell structure by the in-situ composite technology, and then the composite abrasive is prepared into the grinding and polishing integrated polymerized abrasive by the innovative product of a bonding agent through technological means bonding, granulation and screening, and the prepared abrasive can be used for products in different grinding fields according to different grinding requirements.
In the preparation method of the novel polymeric abrasive, the specific preparation process of the nano vanadium nitride/chromium nitride composite powder is as follows:
(1) taking nano vanadium oxide, nano chromium oxide and nano carbonaceous reducing agent, putting the nano vanadium oxide, the nano chromium oxide and the nano carbonaceous reducing agent into a mixer, and fully mixing the materials by dry mixing or wet mixing to obtain a mixture;
nano vanadium oxide according to mass ratio: nano chromium oxide: the nano carbonaceous reducing agent is 1:1: 0.5;
(2) placing the mixture obtained in the step (1) in a drying box, and drying for 0.5-1h at the temperature of 100-;
(3) and (3) placing the dried mixture obtained in the step (2) into a high-temperature reaction furnace, and carrying out carbothermal reduction nitridation at the temperature of 900 ℃ and for 1-2h under the condition of nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the nano vanadium nitride/chromium nitride composite powder with the average particle size of less than 100nm and uniform particle size distribution.
The vanadium nitride has the advantages of high thermal and chemical stability and high mechanical property, and can be widely applied to cutting tools, grinding tools and structural materials. In addition, vanadium nitride is also a good catalyst, and has high catalytic activity, selectivity, good stability and poisoning resistance. The fine-grained vanadium nitride can effectively improve the catalytic activity and improve the toughness of the structural material.
The chromium nitride has high melting point, hardness, high-temperature strength, and good heat conduction and electric conduction performance. Chromium nitride has good physical and mechanical properties, is considered to be a better wear resistant material than the titanium nitride currently used in a wider range, and has been successfully applied to the protective coating of piston rings. The chromium nitride film has a series of excellent performances of high hardness, good adhesion, compact particles, corrosion resistance and the like. Compared with other ceramic films, the chromium nitride film has better heat resistance in practical application. Among various nitride ceramics, chromium nitride ceramics are attracting attention because of their high hardness, good thermal stability, and appropriate thermal conductivity. And chromium nitride is the only material in the nitride that has antiferromagnetic properties. Because chromium nitride has many excellent properties, such as high hardness, good wear resistance, high chemical stability, good acid and alkali corrosion resistance, high melting point and the like, the chromium nitride can be widely applied to the aspects of electronic industry, magnetics, high temperature resistant structural ceramics and the like. As a novel material, chromium nitride has wide application prospect.
According to the invention, after the vanadium nitride and the chromium nitride are compounded and nanocrystallized, the composite material integrates the high thermal stability, the chemical stability and the strong mechanical property of the vanadium nitride, and the high melting point, the high hardness, the high-temperature strength, the good heat conduction and the good electric conduction of the chromium nitride. The composite material is used in abrasive cloth, the nano vanadium nitride/chromium nitride composite powder can be used as a novel polymeric abrasive material, the comprehensive performance of a target product is improved, the composite material is combined with other technical characteristics such as treatment of an adhesive and a base material to prepare the final abrasive cloth, and in order to obtain the abrasive cloth with higher performance, the service life of the abrasive cloth is prolonged.
In the preparation method of the novel polymeric abrasive, the nano carbonaceous reducing agent is any one of nano carbon black or nano activated carbon.
In the preparation method of the novel polymeric abrasive, the nano vanadium oxide is nano vanadium pentoxide; the nano chromium oxide is nano chromium trioxide.
In the preparation method of the novel polymeric abrasive, the bonding agent comprises a first component and a second component which are mixed in equal proportion, wherein:
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
e-44 epoxy resin: 35-40 parts of polyurethane: 10-15 parts of diamond micro powder: 1-3 parts of 3, 5-diamino isobutyl p-chlorobenzoate: 7-10 parts;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
clay: 21-23 parts of feldspar: 10-14 parts of boron glass: 20-25 parts of quartz: 40-45 parts;
the preparation process specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of component A
Sieving the diamond micro powder, then uniformly mixing the E-44 epoxy resin, the polyurethane and the 3, 5-diamino isobutyl p-chlorobenzoate, and uniformly mixing the diamond micro powder and the mixture for later use;
(2) preparation of component B
Mixing clay, feldspar, boron glass and quartz, grinding, and sieving with a 100-sand 200-mesh sieve;
heating the prepared mixture to 1200-1500 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, smelting for 4-5h, and then water quenching;
drying the water-quenched product at the temperature of 100-110 ℃ for 4-7h, grinding, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve for later use;
(3) preparation of Binders
And (3) uniformly mixing the product in the step (1) and the product in the step (2), pressing the mixture into a blank by using a press, and sintering the blank by using a microwave sintering furnace to obtain the bonding agent.
The invention has the technical effects that the organic polyurethane toughened epoxy resin is used as a bonding agent, so that the abrasive has excellent grinding performance and excellent elasticity, and a certain polishing effect can be achieved. The inorganic bonding agent has high hardness, good wear resistance and good heat conductivity, and the invention adopts the combination of the organic bonding agent and the inorganic bonding agent, can improve the advantages and avoid the disadvantages, can obviously improve the mechanical properties such as high elasticity and the like of the product adhesive on the original basis, and improves the elastic grinding performance, the self-sharpening performance and the chip removal performance of the prepared product.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention prepares the abrasive (such as cubic boron nitride, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, etc.) and the nano-level polishing material (such as vanadium nitride/chromium nitride) into the soft-packed hard composite abrasive with a core-shell structure by an in-situ composite technology, and then the composite abrasive is bonded, granulated, screened and refined into the grinding-polishing integrated polymeric abrasive by a bonding agent innovative product through a technological means.
The grinding material is prepared by mixing, has excellent mechanical strength, hardness, high resistivity and heat conductivity, makes full use of the advantages and avoids the disadvantages, is mixed with various grinding materials, has stronger wear resistance and heat resistance, solves the research on matching of the grinding materials and various grinding requirements, and further improves the grinding efficiency of products.
The invention adopts the polymeric abrasive, and the polymeric abrasive grinding belt has the following excellent performances: (1) the inside of the grinding wheel is provided with a large enough gap, so that the grinding dust can fall off in time without blockage, and high friction heating cannot be caused to cause deformation or scratching of the workpiece; (2) the sharpening performance is good, the worn and blunt abrasive particles can fall off gradually under the action of centrifugal force during grinding, new abrasive particles are put into operation immediately, the grinding state is consistent, and the efficiency is lasting and stable; (3) the service life is long, the amount of the polymerized abrasive sand grains is large, the polymerized abrasive sand grains are in a three-dimensional shape, the multi-layer abrasive is circularly operated, the blockage is avoided, and the service life is prolonged by several times or more than ten times compared with that of the common abrasive belt; (4) the surface of the abrasive particles is coated with advanced polishing materials to form an elastic structure with hard inside and soft outside, and flexible polishing is realized while grinding. Not only reduces the surface roughness and the mechanical damage rate of the workpiece, but also has no smell and dust in the grinding and polishing process by introducing the elastic material, is green and environment-friendly, and completely meets the technical requirement of alloy steel precision machining.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a novel polymeric abrasive, which specifically comprises the following steps: the composite abrasive is uniformly mixed to prepare abrasive micro powder, then a binding agent is added to the abrasive micro powder, and the abrasive micro powder is bonded, cured (high-temperature curing or calcining), crushed and screened into polymeric abrasives with different particle sizes, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) stirring and uniformly stirring the composite grinding material, and grinding the mixture into grinding material micro powder;
(2) adding a bonding agent into the abrasive micro powder for bonding, and then curing;
(3) and crushing the cured material, selecting a proper screen, screening the crushed material by using a vibrating screen, and crushing the screened large material again until the large material is screened into the polymerized abrasive material with the required grain size.
In this embodiment, the composite abrasive is a mixture of cubic boron nitride, silicon carbide and corundum abrasive, and the mass ratio of cubic boron nitride: silicon carbide: corundum abrasives 1:35: 14.
In this example, the corundum abrasive is brown corundum; the silicon carbide is black silicon carbide.
The bonding agent comprises a first component and a second component which are mixed in equal proportion, wherein:
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
e-44 epoxy resin: 35 parts of polyurethane: 10 parts of diamond micro powder: 1 part, 3, 5-diamino isobutyl p-chlorobenzoate: 7 parts;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
clay: 21 parts of feldspar: 10 parts of boron glass: 20 parts of quartz: 40 parts of a mixture;
the preparation process specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of component A
Sieving the diamond micro powder, then uniformly mixing the E-44 epoxy resin, the polyurethane and the 3, 5-diamino isobutyl p-chlorobenzoate, and uniformly mixing the diamond micro powder and the mixture for later use;
(2) preparation of component B
Mixing clay, feldspar, boron glass and quartz, grinding and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve;
heating the prepared mixture to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, smelting for 4h, and then water quenching;
drying the water-quenched product at 100 ℃ for 4h, grinding, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve for later use;
(3) preparation of Binders
And (3) uniformly mixing the product in the step (1) and the product in the step (2), pressing the mixture into a blank by using a press, and sintering the blank by using a microwave sintering furnace to obtain the bonding agent.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a novel polymeric abrasive, which specifically comprises the following steps: the composite abrasive is uniformly mixed to prepare abrasive micro-powder, then a binding agent is added, and the mixture is bonded, calcined, crushed and screened into polymeric abrasives with different particle sizes, wherein the polymeric abrasives comprise the following components in percentage by weight:
(1) stirring and uniformly stirring the composite grinding material, and grinding the mixture into grinding material micro powder;
(2) adding a bonding agent into the abrasive micro powder for bonding, and then curing;
(3) and crushing the cured material, selecting a proper screen, screening the crushed material by using a vibrating screen, and crushing the screened large material again until the large material is screened into the polymerized abrasive material with the required grain size.
In this embodiment, the composite abrasive is a core-shell composite abrasive made of an abrasive and a nano-scale polishing material by an in-situ technique, wherein:
the abrasive is SiC and Al2O3The mixture of (1) and (2), wherein the mass fraction of SiC: al (Al)2O3＝1:2；
SiC、Al2O3Respectively 800#And (5) micro-powder.
In this embodiment, the nano-scale polishing material is SiO2、CeO2A mixture of (a).
The bonding agent comprises a first component and a second component which are mixed in equal proportion, wherein:
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
e-44 epoxy resin: 40 parts of polyurethane: 15 parts of diamond micro powder: 3 parts of 3, 5-diamino isobutyl p-chlorobenzoate: 10 parts of (A);
the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
clay: 23 parts of feldspar: 14 parts of boron glass: 25 parts, quartz: 45 parts of (1);
the preparation process specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of component A
Sieving the diamond micro powder, then uniformly mixing the E-44 epoxy resin, the polyurethane and the 3, 5-diamino isobutyl p-chlorobenzoate, and uniformly mixing the diamond micro powder and the mixture for later use;
(2) preparation of component B
Mixing clay, feldspar, boron glass and quartz, grinding and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve;
heating the prepared mixture to 1500 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, smelting for 5h, and then water quenching;
drying the water-quenched product at 110 ℃ for 7h, grinding, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve for later use;
(3) preparation of Binders
And (3) uniformly mixing the product in the step (1) and the product in the step (2), pressing the mixture into a blank by using a press, and sintering the blank by using a microwave sintering furnace to obtain the bonding agent.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a novel polymeric abrasive, which specifically comprises the following steps: the composite abrasive is uniformly mixed to prepare abrasive micro powder, then a binding agent is added to the abrasive micro powder, and the abrasive micro powder is bonded, cured (high-temperature curing or calcining), crushed and screened into polymeric abrasives with different particle sizes, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) stirring and uniformly stirring the composite grinding material, and grinding the mixture into grinding material micro powder;
(2) adding a bonding agent into the abrasive micro powder for bonding, and then curing;
(3) and crushing the cured material, selecting a proper screen, screening the crushed material by using a vibrating screen, and crushing the screened large material again until the large material is screened into the polymerized abrasive material with the required grain size.
In this embodiment, the composite abrasive is a core-shell composite abrasive made of an abrasive and a nano-scale polishing material by an in-situ technique, wherein:
the abrasive is SiC and Al2O3The mixture of (1) and (2), wherein the mass fraction of SiC: al (Al)2O3＝1:2；
SiC、Al2O3Respectively 1500# -micro powder.
In the present embodiment, the nano-scale polishing material is a nano vanadium nitride/chromium nitride composite powder.
The specific preparation process of the nano vanadium nitride/chromium nitride composite powder comprises the following steps:
(1) taking nano vanadium oxide, nano chromium oxide and nano carbonaceous reducing agent, putting the nano vanadium oxide, the nano chromium oxide and the nano carbonaceous reducing agent into a mixer, and fully mixing the materials by dry mixing or wet mixing to obtain a mixture;
nano vanadium oxide according to mass ratio: nano chromium oxide: the nano carbonaceous reducing agent is 1:1: 0.5;
(2) putting the mixture obtained in the step (1) into a drying oven, and drying for 0.8h at the temperature of 120 ℃;
(3) and (3) placing the dried mixture obtained in the step (2) into a high-temperature reaction furnace, and carrying out carbothermal reduction nitridation at 900 ℃ for 2 hours under the condition of nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the nano vanadium nitride/chromium nitride composite powder with the average particle size of less than 100nm and uniform particle size distribution.
The nano carbonaceous reducing agent is nano carbon black.
The nano vanadium oxide is nano vanadium pentoxide; the nano chromium oxide is nano chromium trioxide.
The bonding agent comprises a first component and a second component which are mixed in equal proportion, wherein:
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
e-44 epoxy resin: 38 parts of polyurethane: 12 parts of diamond micro powder: 2 parts of 3, 5-diamino isobutyl p-chlorobenzoate: 8 parts of a mixture;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
clay: 22 parts of feldspar: 12 parts of boron glass: 23 parts, quartz: 42 parts of (A);
the preparation process specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of component A
Sieving the diamond micro powder, then uniformly mixing the E-44 epoxy resin, the polyurethane and the 3, 5-diamino isobutyl p-chlorobenzoate, and uniformly mixing the diamond micro powder and the mixture for later use;
(2) preparation of component B
Mixing clay, feldspar, boron glass and quartz, grinding and sieving by a 150-mesh sieve;
heating the prepared mixture to 1300 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, smelting for 5h, and then water quenching;
drying the water-quenched product at 108 ℃ for 6h, grinding, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve for later use;
(3) preparation of Binders
And (3) uniformly mixing the product in the step (1) and the product in the step (2), pressing the mixture into a blank by using a press, and sintering the blank by using a microwave sintering furnace to obtain the bonding agent.
The application of the polymeric abrasive material of the embodiment to the preparation of the abrasive belt is carried out according to the prior process flow: base material-singeing-washing-drying-impregnating-stretching and high-temperature shaping-printing trademark-applying base glue-electrostatic sand-planting-drying-applying compound glue-tunnel type curing-bending process-checking and cutting-packaging and warehousing so as to obtain the abrasive belt.
The abrasive belt samples prepared by the national center for quality supervision and inspection of abrasive tools were subjected to a plurality of tests, and the main properties of the products prepared by the invention were compared and inspected with imported Japanese products (NCA J870K) and Korean products (DEERFOS JA513) (see Table 1 below):
TABLE 1 comparison of the main technical indices
As can be seen from Table 1, the abrasive of the invention not only has enough gaps inside, but also can lead the abrasive dust to fall off in time without blockage, and can not cause high friction heating to cause the deformation or scratching of the workpiece; the sharpening performance is good, the worn and blunt abrasive particles can fall off gradually under the action of centrifugal force during grinding, new abrasive particles are put into operation immediately, the grinding state is consistent, and the efficiency is lasting and stable; the service life is long, and the performance of the abrasive belt is good when the abrasive belt is applied to the manufactured abrasive belt, and reaches and partially exceeds the international advanced level.
The polymeric abrasive prepared by the invention has the following excellent advantages:
the polymerized abrasive cloth has good self-sharpening performance. Because the stacked abrasive belt is formed by bonding a plurality of abrasive grains with consistent granularity together, and the directions of the single abrasive grains in the abrasive grains are different, new abrasive grains are continuously generated in each layer in the grinding process, and the grinding continuity is excellent;
and secondly, the grinding is not easy to block. Because the periphery of a single abrasive has larger gaps, abrasive dust generated in the grinding process can be taken away in time so as to reduce the retention on the surface of the abrasive belt;
the service life is long when the coating is applied to an abrasive cloth product. The common abrasive belt is single-layer sand planting, and the quantity of the abrasive materials in unit area is limited; the effective abrasive amount of the used stacked abrasives can be greatly improved; meanwhile, due to the fact that the grinding material has a three-dimensional structure, the utilization rate of the grinding material is greatly improved.
And fourthly, the grinding and polishing quality is stable. The traditional abrasive belt is a single-layer abrasive particle, and the grinding efficiency is obviously inconsistent when the abrasive belt is in an initial state, a middle state and a final state, so that the surface quality of a workpiece is often greatly different, and the Ra value is generally expressed as high in the early stage and low in the later stage; but the grinding ability of the flexible accumulated grinding material before and after grinding is relatively stable, the impact force on a workpiece is small, the Ra value is relatively stable, and the consistency of the surface grains of the product is good.
The composite material can fully utilize the superiority of various abrasives, and the product keeps the characteristics of high efficiency, self sharpening, anti-blocking and no burn in practical application.
And the adaptability of the product to the automatic grinding tool is strong. In high-end manufacturing of mechanical products, the automation level is continuously improved, the application of a numerical control grinding machine is the most, the abrasive belt is frequently replaced, labor and time are wasted and the advantages of the numerical control grinding machine cannot be exerted due to the defects of quality, efficiency, service life and the like in the using process of the traditional single-layer abrasive belt.
In conclusion, the polymeric abrasive material disclosed by the invention is high in abrasive belt grinding efficiency, large in abrasive particle chip containing space, not easy to block, good in abrasive particle self-sharpening property, ultra-long in grinding service life, stable in grinding surface quality and suitable for being used in automatic equipment.
The product of the invention is a cutting, grinding and polishing tool for precisely processing alloy steel workpieces on numerical control equipment in modern manufacturing industry, and the precision can reach 10-0.1 um. The series products are widely applied to the fields of aerospace vehicles, vehicles and ships, mechanical equipment, chemical equipment, nuclear power and wind power, building material decoration and the like.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a novel polymeric abrasive is characterized in that composite abrasives are uniformly mixed to prepare abrasive micro powder, then a bonding agent is added to the abrasive micro powder, and the abrasive micro powder is bonded, solidified, crushed and screened into polymeric abrasives with different particle sizes, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, uniformly stirring and mixing the composite grinding material, and grinding the mixture into grinding material micro powder;
secondly, adding a bonding agent into the abrasive micro powder for bonding, and then curing;
the binding agent comprises a first component and a second component which are mixed in equal proportion, wherein:
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
e-44 epoxy resin: 35-40 parts of polyurethane: 10-15 parts of diamond micro powder: 1-3 parts of 3, 5-diamino isobutyl p-chlorobenzoate: 7-10 parts;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
clay: 21-23 parts of feldspar: 10-14 parts of boron glass: 20-25 parts of quartz: 40-45 parts;
the preparation process specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of component A
Sieving the diamond micro powder, then uniformly mixing the E-44 epoxy resin, the polyurethane and the 3, 5-diamino isobutyl p-chlorobenzoate, and uniformly mixing the diamond micro powder and the mixture for later use;
(2) preparation of component B
Mixing clay, feldspar, boron glass and quartz, grinding, and sieving with a 100-sand 200-mesh sieve;
heating the prepared mixture to 1200-1500 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, smelting for 4-5h, and then water quenching;
drying the water-quenched product at the temperature of 100-110 ℃ for 4-7h, grinding, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve for later use;
(3) preparation of Binders
Uniformly mixing the product in the step (1) and the product in the step (2), pressing the mixture into a blank by using a press, and sintering the blank by using a microwave sintering furnace to prepare the bonding agent;
and (III) crushing the solidified material, selecting a proper screen, screening the crushed material by using a vibrating screen, and crushing the screened large material again until the large material is screened into the polymeric abrasive material with the required particle size.
2. The method for producing a novel polymeric abrasive according to claim 1, characterized in that: the composite abrasive is a mixture of cubic boron nitride, silicon carbide and corundum abrasive, and the mass ratio of cubic boron nitride is as follows: silicon carbide: corundum abrasive =1:35: 14.
3. The method for producing a novel polymeric abrasive according to claim 2, characterized in that: the corundum abrasive is at least one of brown corundum, white corundum and single crystal corundum; the silicon carbide is at least one of black silicon carbide, green silicon carbide, cubic silicon carbide and cerium silicon carbide.
4. The method for producing a novel polymeric abrasive according to claim 1, characterized in that: the composite abrasive is a core-shell structure prepared from an abrasive and a nano-grade polishing material by an in-situ technology, wherein:
the abrasive is SiC and Al2O3The mixture of (1) and (2), wherein the mass fraction of SiC: al (Al)2O3=1:2；
The SiC and Al2O3800# -1500# micropowder respectively.
5. The method for producing a novel polymeric abrasive according to claim 4, characterized in that: the nano-scale polishing material is SiO2、CeO2And ZnO.
6. The method for producing a novel polymeric abrasive according to claim 4, characterized in that: the nano-scale polishing material is nano vanadium nitride/chromium nitride composite powder.
7. The method for producing a novel polymeric abrasive according to claim 6, characterized in that: the specific preparation process of the nano vanadium nitride/chromium nitride composite powder comprises the following steps:
(1) taking nano vanadium oxide, nano chromium oxide and nano carbonaceous reducing agent, putting the nano vanadium oxide, the nano chromium oxide and the nano carbonaceous reducing agent into a mixer, and fully mixing the materials by dry mixing or wet mixing to obtain a mixture;
the nano vanadium oxide is measured according to the mass ratio: nano chromium oxide: nanocarbon reducing agent =1:1: 0.5;
(2) placing the mixture obtained in the step (1) in a drying box, and drying for 0.5-1h at the temperature of 100-;
(3) and (3) placing the dried mixture obtained in the step (2) into a high-temperature reaction furnace, and carrying out carbothermal reduction nitridation under the conditions of 800-900 ℃ and 1-2h under the condition of nitrogen gas to obtain the nano vanadium nitride/chromium nitride composite powder with the average particle size of less than 100nm and uniform particle size distribution.
8. The method for producing a novel polymeric abrasive according to claim 7, characterized in that: the nano carbonaceous reducing agent is any one of nano carbon black or nano activated carbon.
9. The method for producing a novel polymeric abrasive according to claim 7, characterized in that: the nano vanadium oxide is nano vanadium pentoxide; the nano chromium oxide is nano chromium trioxide.
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| CN112223132B (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2022-06-10 | 江苏锋芒复合材料科技集团有限公司 | Preparation method of ultra-wide sanding grinding belt |
| CN113319742B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2023-08-01 | 江苏锋芒复合材料科技集团有限公司 | Preparation method of abrasive with grinding and polishing functions |
| CN113336201A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-03 | 江苏锋芒复合材料科技集团有限公司 | Preparation method of vanadium nitride/chromium nitride composite powder and application of vanadium nitride/chromium nitride composite powder in polymeric abrasive |
| CN113462358A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-10-01 | 江苏锋芒复合材料科技集团有限公司 | Production process of super-hard wear-resistant polymerized abrasive |
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| CN114670128A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-28 | 南通市锋芒复合材料科技有限公司 | Nanoscale high-temperature sintered ceramic abrasive and preparation method thereof |
| CN115710485A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-02-24 | 上海工程技术大学 | Self-luminous abrasive material for processing photocatalytic auxiliary abrasive particles |
| CN115710486A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-02-24 | 上海工程技术大学 | Self-discharge abrasive for electrocatalysis-assisted chemical mechanical polishing and preparation method thereof |
| CN115785906A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-03-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | Bonding method magnetic abrasive material with adjustable self-sharpening property and preparation method thereof |
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