CN113462358A - Production process of super-hard wear-resistant polymerized abrasive - Google Patents
Production process of super-hard wear-resistant polymerized abrasive Download PDFInfo
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- CN113462358A CN113462358A CN202110653960.8A CN202110653960A CN113462358A CN 113462358 A CN113462358 A CN 113462358A CN 202110653960 A CN202110653960 A CN 202110653960A CN 113462358 A CN113462358 A CN 113462358A
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- abrasive
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1409—Abrasive particles per se
- C09K3/1427—Abrasive particles per se obtained by division of a mass agglomerated by melting, at least partially, e.g. with a binder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/12—Accessories; Protective equipment or safety devices; Installations for exhaustion of dust or for sound absorption specially adapted for machines covered by group B24B31/00
- B24B31/14—Abrading-bodies specially designed for tumbling apparatus, e.g. abrading-balls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/14—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1436—Composite particles, e.g. coated particles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a production process of a superhard wear-resistant polymeric abrasive, which specifically comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing the raw materials of the grinding material to prepare grinding material micro powder; the raw materials of the abrasive comprise ceramic bond super-hard abrasive, common abrasive and additive; the common abrasive is a mixture of white corundum, zirconium corundum and brown corundum, and the granularity is 60-200 meshes; the additive is a mixture of silicon carbide, nano vanadium carbide, titanium carbonitride and a bonding agent; (2) adding a bonding agent into the abrasive micro powder obtained in the step (1), then putting the abrasive micro powder into a high-frequency vibrating screen, uniformly mixing, carrying out ball milling, and separating into polymeric abrasives with different particle sizes through bonding, curing and crushing screening; the production process is simple and easy to implement, the produced abrasive has excellent hardness and wear resistance, the service life is long, the processing efficiency is high, and the cost is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a production process of an abrasive, in particular to a production process of a super-hard wear-resistant polymeric abrasive.
Background
The abrasive is a granular material with high hardness and certain mechanical strength, has higher strength and hardness, and is a main body for removing workpiece materials and is used for manufacturing grinding tools or directly used for grinding and polishing. Abrasives are used in a very wide variety of industrial applications, particularly in the machining of high-precision or low-roughness parts or relatively hard parts, and are essential. In general, abrasives have the following basic properties: 1) the hardness is high, and the hardness of the abrasive is higher than that of the processed object; 2) moderate shatter resistance and self-sharpening; 3) good thermal stability and chemical stability.
At present, the cutting and polishing of metals are carried out by using common abrasive materials, such as cutting and polishing tools made of corundum, silicon carbide and the like. It is also the case that each abrasive has its own advantages and corresponding disadvantages. The cutting and polishing tool made of the traditional common abrasive has the problems of extremely short service life, low hardness, poor wear resistance and low processing efficiency, the cutting and polishing tool is frequently required to be stopped to be replaced in the metal processing process, the production efficiency is low, the expected effect can be achieved only by replacing abrasive belts with different properties for several times when a workpiece is ground, and the traditional abrasive has serious dust pollution in the processing process and is not beneficial to the health of workers; at the same time, it is a great waste of raw material and mineral resources for manufacturing tools.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the production process of the superhard wear-resistant polymerized abrasive is simple and feasible, and the produced abrasive has excellent hardness and wear resistance, long service life, high processing efficiency and effectively reduced cost.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a production process of a super-hard wear-resistant polymeric abrasive material specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the raw materials of the grinding material to prepare grinding material micro powder;
the abrasive raw materials comprise ceramic bond super-hard abrasive, common abrasive and additive, and the mass ratio is as follows: 8-12% of additive, common abrasive: 30-40% of ceramic bond super-hard abrasive, and the sum of the components is 100%;
the common abrasive is a mixture of white corundum, zirconium corundum and brown corundum, and the granularity is 60-200 meshes;
the additive is a mixture of silicon carbide, nano vanadium carbide, titanium carbonitride and a bonding agent;
(2) adding a bonding agent into the abrasive micro powder obtained in the step (1), then putting the abrasive micro powder into a high-frequency vibrating screen, uniformly mixing, carrying out ball milling, and carrying out bonding, curing, crushing and screening to obtain the polymeric abrasives with different particle sizes.
The invention further defines the technical scheme as follows:
in the production process of the superhard wear-resistant polymerized abrasive, the bonding agent is a mixture of polyamide resin, polyimide resin and phenolic resin, and the mass ratio of the polyamide resin: polyimide resin: phenolic resin =1:2: 3.
In the production process of the superhard wear-resistant polymeric abrasive, the preparation of the ceramic bond superhard abrasive specifically comprises the following steps:
mixing the nano ceramic powder liquid, the super-hard abrasive and polyvinyl acetate, putting into a die, and dry-pressing into a blank under the pressure of 100-150 Mpa;
and drying the blank at the temperature of 150-.
The technical effect is that 5-8 nm ceramic powder is used in the nano ceramic powder liquid, the ceramic powder is obtained by deep processing and screening the nano ceramic powder with a slightly large particle size layer by layer, the nano ceramic powder has an obvious nano blue phase, the nano ceramic powder transparent liquid is uniformly stirred with other ingredients, the hardness, the size stability, the compactness, the fracture toughness and the wear resistance of the grinding material can be greatly improved, subsequent mixed materials are uniformly mixed and deeply crushed by a ball mill, the excellent performances such as high hardness and high wear resistance of the grinding material are well kept, and the defect that the polishing grinding material obtained by the traditional sintering process has high brittleness is avoided.
In the production process of the superhard wear-resistant polymeric abrasive, the superhard abrasive is cubic boron nitride.
In the production process of the superhard wear-resistant polymeric abrasive, the cubic boron nitride is powder with the granularity of 0.0001-1 mm.
In the production process of the superhard wear-resistant polymeric abrasive, the step (1) of uniformly mixing the abrasive raw materials specifically comprises the following steps: grinding and mixing for 40-45min, and sieving and mixing for 4-5 times.
In the production process of the superhard wear-resistant polymeric abrasive, the mixed materials in the step (2) are uniformly mixed and then are dispersed for 20-25min by ball milling.
The method has the advantages that the mixed materials are deeply crushed by the ball mill, and are subsequently combined with sieving to obtain the polymeric abrasive, the obtained abrasive has obvious excellent performance compared with the polishing abrasive obtained by the sintering process in the prior art, the hardness, the dimensional stability, the compactness, the fracture toughness and the wear resistance of the polishing abrasive are greatly improved, and the defect of high brittleness of the abrasive obtained by the traditional sintering process is overcome.
In the production process of the superhard wear-resistant polymeric abrasive, the curing treatment method in the step (2) comprises the following steps: the mixed material is uniformly placed in an oven, the temperature is raised from room temperature for 1-2h to 150-200 ℃, and the temperature is reduced after 10h of heat preservation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the raw materials of the abrasive comprise the ceramic bond super-hard abrasive, the common abrasive and the additive which are compounded, and the obtained abrasive has higher hardness and toughness, strong grinding capacity and high efficiency; the abrasive has good wear resistance, thermal stability and chemical stability, and the service life of the abrasive is 5-6 times longer than that of the abrasive in the prior art; compared with the common single corundum abrasive and silicon carbide abrasive, the abrasive has high competitiveness in hardness, toughness, grinding performance abrasion resistance, thermal stability and chemical stability; meanwhile, the dust is less in the processing process of the abrasive, so that the pollution to the ambient air is avoided; the preparation method is suitable for the machining processes of metal cutting, polishing and the like, has simple process and convenient operation, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
The holding strength of the bonding agent to the abrasive particles has great influence on the service life and the service performance of the superhard abrasive grinding wheel, if the holding strength of the bonding agent to the abrasive particles is great, the abrasive particles participating in processing on the surface layer of the grinding wheel cannot fall off in time after being ground blunt, new abrasive particles positioned in the bonding agent cannot be exposed in time in the grinding processing process, the grinding temperature is too high, the grinding burn phenomenon occurs, and the processing efficiency is greatly reduced; if the holding force of the binding agent on the abrasive particles is small, the abrasive materials fall off from the surface layer of the grinding wheel without being fully utilized, the shape precision of the grinding wheel is difficult to guarantee, and meanwhile, the service life of the grinding wheel is greatly shortened. In order to ensure the service life of the super-hard abrasive, a mode of improving the holding strength of a bonding agent to the abrasive is generally adopted, the sharpness is improved by dressing the abrasive layer of the grinding wheel during grinding, but a considerable part of the abrasive layer of the grinding wheel is consumed during dressing, therefore, the matching of the holding strength of the bonding agent to the abrasive and the consumption speed of the abrasive is a key factor influencing the service performance and the service life of the superhard grinding wheel, the bonding agent is a mixture of polyamide resin, polyimide resin and phenolic resin, the advantages and the disadvantages can be greatly improved, the holding strength of the abrasive is well improved, the toughness and the wear resistance of the abrasive are improved by using the amide resin, the polyimide resin and the phenolic resin as the bonding agent, the shock resistance and the vibration reduction performance of the grinding wheel during the process of processing a workpiece when the grinding wheel is subsequently applied to the grinding wheel are improved, and the quality of the workpiece is improved.
After the grinding material is applied to the superhard material coated grinding tool, a sample has two obvious advantages: the grinding efficiency is high. Compared with the traditional abrasive belt products used in the current market, the grinding efficiency is improved by more than 50 percent; ② the polishing effect is good and the wear resistance is high. After the product is used for grinding, the surface roughness of the stainless steel can reach below 50nm, and the technical index reaches the international leading level.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a production process of a superhard wear-resistant polymeric abrasive, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the raw materials of the grinding material to prepare grinding material micro powder;
the abrasive raw materials comprise ceramic bond super-hard abrasive, common abrasive and additive, and the mass ratio is as follows: additive 8%, ordinary abrasive: 40 percent of ceramic bond super-hard abrasive, and the sum of the components is 100 percent;
the common abrasive is a mixture of white corundum, zirconium corundum and brown corundum, and the granularity is 150 meshes;
the additive is a mixture of silicon carbide, nano vanadium carbide, titanium carbonitride and a binding agent, and the silicon carbide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: nano vanadium carbide: titanium carbonitride: binder =3:1:1: 2;
(2) adding a bonding agent into the abrasive micro powder obtained in the step (1), then placing the abrasive micro powder into a high-frequency vibrating screen, uniformly mixing, carrying out ball milling and dispersing for 20min by using a ball mill, bonding, then uniformly placing the mixed material into an oven, heating the mixed material to 150 ℃ from room temperature for 1h, preserving the heat for 10h, then cooling, crushing and screening the mixed material into polymeric abrasives with different particle sizes.
In this embodiment, the binder is a mixture of polyamide resin, polyimide resin and phenolic resin, and the mass ratio of polyamide resin: polyimide resin: phenolic resin =1:2: 3.
In this embodiment, the preparation of the ceramic bond superabrasive specifically comprises:
mixing the nano ceramic powder liquid, the super-hard abrasive and polyvinyl acetate, putting into a die, and dry-pressing into a blank under the pressure of 100 Mpa;
the superhard abrasive is cubic boron nitride, and the cubic boron nitride is powder with the granularity of 0.0009 mm;
and (3) drying the blank at 150 ℃, and then crushing and sieving to obtain the ceramic bond superhard abrasive.
In this embodiment, the step (1) of uniformly mixing the abrasive raw materials specifically includes: grinding and mixing for 40min, and sieving and mixing for 4 times.
And (3) testing results: bending strength: 90.1 MPa; vickers hardness: 4.4 GPa; density: 3.9g/mm 3.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a production process of a superhard wear-resistant polymeric abrasive, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the raw materials of the grinding material to prepare grinding material micro powder;
the abrasive raw materials comprise ceramic bond super-hard abrasive, common abrasive and additive, and the mass ratio is as follows: additive 12%, ordinary abrasive: 30 percent of ceramic bond super-hard abrasive, and the sum of the components is 100 percent;
the common abrasive is a mixture of white corundum, zirconium corundum and brown corundum, and the granularity is 200 meshes;
the additive is a mixture of silicon carbide, nano vanadium carbide, titanium carbonitride and a binding agent, and the silicon carbide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: nano vanadium carbide: titanium carbonitride: binder =3:1:1: 2;
(2) adding a bonding agent into the abrasive micro powder obtained in the step (1), then placing the abrasive micro powder into a high-frequency vibrating screen, uniformly mixing, carrying out ball milling and dispersing for 25min by using a ball mill, bonding, then uniformly placing the mixed material into an oven, heating the mixed material to 200 ℃ from room temperature for 2h, preserving the heat for 10h, then cooling, crushing and screening the mixed material into polymeric abrasives with different particle sizes.
In this embodiment, the binder is a mixture of polyamide resin, polyimide resin and phenolic resin, and the mass ratio of polyamide resin: polyimide resin: phenolic resin =1:2: 3.
In this embodiment, the preparation of the ceramic bond superabrasive specifically comprises:
mixing the nano ceramic powder liquid, the super-hard abrasive and polyvinyl acetate, putting into a die, and dry-pressing into a blank under the pressure of 150 Mpa;
the superhard abrasive is cubic boron nitride, and the cubic boron nitride is powder with the granularity of 1 mm;
and (3) drying the blank at 200 ℃, and then crushing and sieving to obtain the ceramic bond superhard abrasive.
In this embodiment, the step (1) of uniformly mixing the abrasive raw materials specifically includes: grinding and mixing for 45min, and sieving and mixing for 5 times.
And (3) testing results: bending strength: 92.5 MPa; vickers hardness: 4.6 GPa; density: 4.1g/mm 3.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a production process of a superhard wear-resistant polymeric abrasive, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the raw materials of the grinding material to prepare grinding material micro powder;
the abrasive raw materials comprise ceramic bond super-hard abrasive, common abrasive and additive, and the mass ratio is as follows: additive 10%, ordinary abrasive: 35 percent of ceramic bond super-hard abrasive, and the sum of the components is 100 percent;
the common abrasive is a mixture of white corundum, zirconium corundum and brown corundum, and the granularity is 90 meshes;
the additive is a mixture of silicon carbide, nano vanadium carbide, titanium carbonitride and a bonding agent;
(2) adding a bonding agent into the abrasive micro powder obtained in the step (1), then placing the abrasive micro powder into a high-frequency vibrating screen, uniformly mixing, performing ball milling and dispersion for 23min by using a ball mill, bonding, then uniformly placing the mixed material into an oven, heating the mixed material to 180 ℃ from room temperature for 1.5h, preserving the heat for 10h, then cooling, and crushing and screening the mixed material into polymeric abrasives with different particle sizes.
In this embodiment, the binder is a mixture of polyamide resin, polyimide resin and phenolic resin, and the mass ratio of polyamide resin: polyimide resin: phenolic resin =1:2: 3.
In this embodiment, the preparation of the ceramic bond superabrasive specifically comprises:
mixing the nano ceramic powder liquid, the super-hard abrasive and polyvinyl acetate, putting into a die, and dry-pressing into a blank under the pressure of 130 Mpa;
the superhard abrasive is cubic boron nitride, and the cubic boron nitride is powder with the granularity of 0.002 mm;
and (3) drying the blank at 190 ℃, and then crushing and sieving to obtain the ceramic bond superhard abrasive.
In this embodiment, the step (1) of uniformly mixing the abrasive raw materials specifically includes: grinding and mixing for 43min, and sieving and mixing for 4 times.
And (3) testing results: bending strength: 92.9 MPa; vickers hardness: 4.6 GPa; density: 4.2g/mm 3.
The abrasive of examples 1-3 was tested by the prior art, and it was found that the abrasive of the present invention achieved good levels of flexural strength, degree of compaction, and hardness.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A production process of a superhard wear-resistant polymeric abrasive is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the raw materials of the grinding material to prepare grinding material micro powder;
the abrasive raw materials comprise a ceramic bond super-hard abrasive, a common abrasive and an additive, and the mass ratio is as follows: 8-12% of additive, common abrasive: 30-40% of ceramic bond super-hard abrasive, and the sum of the components is 100%;
the common abrasive is a mixture of white corundum, zirconium corundum and brown corundum, and the granularity is 60-200 meshes;
the additive is a mixture of silicon carbide, nano vanadium carbide, titanium carbonitride and a bonding agent;
(2) adding a bonding agent into the abrasive micro powder obtained in the step (1), then putting the abrasive micro powder into a high-frequency vibrating screen, uniformly mixing, carrying out ball milling, and carrying out bonding, curing, crushing and screening to obtain the polymeric abrasives with different particle sizes.
2. A process for the production of a super hard and wear resistant polymeric abrasive material according to claim 1, wherein: the bonding agent is a mixture of polyamide resin, polyimide resin and phenolic resin, and the polyamide resin comprises the following components in percentage by mass: polyimide resin: phenolic resin =1:2: 3.
3. A process for the production of a super hard and wear resistant polymeric abrasive material according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the ceramic bond super-hard abrasive comprises the following steps:
mixing the nano ceramic powder liquid, the super-hard abrasive and polyvinyl acetate, putting into a die, and dry-pressing into a blank under the pressure of 100-150 Mpa;
and drying the blank at the temperature of 150-.
4. A process for the production of a super hard and wear resistant polymeric abrasive material according to claim 3, wherein: the superhard abrasive is cubic boron nitride.
5. A process for the production of a super hard and wear resistant polymeric abrasive material as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the cubic boron nitride is powder with the granularity of 0.0001-1 mm.
6. A process for the production of a super hard and wear resistant polymeric abrasive material according to claim 1, wherein: uniformly mixing the abrasive raw materials in the step (1) to obtain the following concrete steps: grinding and mixing for 40-45min, and sieving and mixing for 4-5 times.
7. A process for the production of a super hard and wear resistant polymeric abrasive material according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) uniformly mixing the mixed materials in the step (2), and then ball-milling and dispersing for 20-25min by using a ball mill.
8. A process for the production of a super hard and wear resistant polymeric abrasive material according to claim 1, wherein: the curing treatment method in the step (2) comprises the following steps: the mixed material is uniformly placed in an oven, the temperature is raised from room temperature for 1-2h to 150-200 ℃, and the temperature is reduced after 10h of heat preservation.
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| CN114670128A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-28 | 南通市锋芒复合材料科技有限公司 | Nanoscale high-temperature sintered ceramic abrasive and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20211001 |