CN111099938A - Efficient rice fertilizer and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Efficient rice fertilizer and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111099938A CN111099938A CN202010043411.4A CN202010043411A CN111099938A CN 111099938 A CN111099938 A CN 111099938A CN 202010043411 A CN202010043411 A CN 202010043411A CN 111099938 A CN111099938 A CN 111099938A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency rice fertilizer and a preparation process thereof, belonging to the field of agricultural fertilizers. A high-efficiency rice fertilizer comprises the following components: urea, potassium chloride, a selenium-rich agent, a promoter, animal manure, humic acid, loosestrife, selenium yeast, tea saponin, a complex enzyme, an EM microbial inoculum and an amino acid chelate; the preparation process of the fertilizer comprises the following steps: putting urea, potassium chloride, an accelerant, animal excrement, tea saponin and an amino acid chelate into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture A; putting humic acid, loosestrife, selenium yeast, compound enzyme and EM microbial inoculum into a grinder, stirring, grinding, sieving, and standing to obtain a mixture B; and (3) putting the mixture A, B into a fermentation tank, stirring and mixing, fermenting for 24-72h, adding the selenium-rich agent, and stirring uniformly to obtain the fertilizer. The fertilizer provided by the invention provides a large amount of selenium for rice, can well promote the absorption of the rice on the selenium, and improves the growth efficiency of the rice.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to a high-efficiency rice fertilizer and a preparation process thereof.
Background
Selenium is an essential trace element for human body, and the selenium deficiency of human body can cause a plurality of diseases, such as: Kaschin-Beck disease, keshan disease, coronary heart disease, etc.; "stumbling blindness" syndrome and alkaline disease can occur when people are selenium poisoned. Because two thirds of areas in China belong to selenium-deficient areas, the content of selenium in soil does not reach the selenium-rich standard, so that the content of selenium in agricultural products is lower, and other methods are urgently needed to improve the content of selenium in agricultural products.
The rice is a main food crop in China, and the population taking the rice as the staple food in China accounts for about 50 percent of the total population. The rice planting area in China reaches 2996 million hectares, and the distribution area is wide. Because of the historical reasons such as grain pressure, high yield is the target in the past in rice production in China, the attention degree on the content of elements in rice is low, and along with the increasing improvement of the living standard of residents and the development of external trade, people pay more attention to the development and application of the trace element-rich technology of rice
The above background disclosure is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and does not necessarily belong to the prior art of the present patent application, and should not be used for evaluating the novelty and inventive step of the present application in the case that there is no clear evidence that the above content is disclosed at the filing date of the present patent application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-efficiency rice fertilizer and a preparation process thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem of low selenium content of rice planted by a selenium-rich fertilizer in the prior art.
For this purpose, the invention proposes the following solutions:
the high-efficiency rice fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-13 parts of urea, 13-20 parts of potassium chloride, 10-18 parts of a selenium-rich agent, 17-26 parts of a promoter, 25-33 parts of animal manure, 11-20 parts of humic acid, 8-13 parts of loosestrife, 5-10 parts of selenium yeast, 2-6 parts of tea saponin, 5-10 parts of a complex enzyme, 5-8 parts of an EM microbial agent and 1-3 parts of an amino acid chelate.
Preferably, the high-efficiency rice fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of urea, 16 parts of potassium chloride, 15 parts of a selenium-rich agent, 22 parts of a promoter, 29 parts of animal wastes, 16 parts of humic acid, 11 parts of loosestrife, 8 parts of selenium yeast, 4 parts of tea saponin, 7 parts of a complex enzyme, 6 parts of an EM microbial inoculum and 2 parts of an amino acid chelate.
Preferably, the selenium-rich agent is one or more of sodium selenite, sodium selenate and selenium mineral powder.
Preferably, the accelerator comprises the following components: 30-36 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 18-26 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 3-9 parts of vitamin D and 1-5 parts of vitamin E.
Preferably, the complex enzyme consists of mannanase, protease and saccharifying enzyme.
Preferably, in the complex enzyme, the mannase 10000-.
Preferably, the microelements in the amino acid chelate comprise iron, boron, manganese and copper elements which are mixed according to the weight ratio of 0.8-1.3:0.2-0.6:0.2-0.5: 0.7-1.1.
A preparation process of a high-efficiency rice fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: putting urea, potassium chloride, promoter, animal feces, tea saponin, and amino acid chelate into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing at 20rpm for 10-20min to obtain mixture A;
s2: putting humic acid, loosestrife, selenium yeast, complex enzyme and EM microbial inoculum into a grinder, stirring, grinding, sieving, and standing for 10-24h to obtain a mixture B;
s3: placing the mixture A, B into a fermentation tank, stirring and mixing, stirring and ventilating for cooling for 15-40min at a temperature of 28-35 deg.C, fermenting for 24-72h, adding selenium-rich agent, and stirring to obtain fertilizer.
Preferably, in step S3, the fermentor is stirred and aerated for 24min at the temperature >33 ℃.
Preferably, in the step S3, after the fermentation is performed for 53 hours, the selenium-rich agent is added and stirred uniformly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. as can be seen from Table 1, the selenium content of the rice in examples 1 to 3 is higher than the national standard (selenium-rich rice standard: the selenium content is more than or equal to 0.1 mu g/g), and the lack of some components in the fertilizer has great influence on the selenium content of the rice, the yield of the rice and the weight of thousand grains of the rice in comparative examples 1 to 4. The invention reasonably prepares the components of the fertilizer, improves the content of selenium in rice and improves the yield of rice.
2. Comparing the rice selenium content of example 1 with that of comparative examples 1-4, it can be found that the effect value of the accelerator, the complex enzyme and the tea saponin used in combination in the fertilizer is improved by α ═ 0.122-0.097 ÷ 0.122 × 100% ═ 20.5% than the sum of the effect values of the accelerator, the complex enzyme and the tea saponin used alone in the fertilizer, that is, the effect value is improved by 20.5% in the case of combination, which shows that the accelerator, the complex enzyme and the tea saponin generate corresponding synergistic action and synergistically improve the rice selenium content, and the lack of the accelerator, the complex enzyme and the tea saponin has a large influence on the rice yield and the weight average of rice grains.
3. The fertilizer disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient in preparation process, low in requirement on required equipment, suitable for production and use in large, medium and small agricultural enterprises, and capable of effectively improving the yield and quality of selenium-enriched rice.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or its application.
Example 1
The high-efficiency rice fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of urea, 13 parts of potassium chloride, 10 parts of a selenium-rich agent, 17 parts of a promoter, 25 parts of animal manure, 11 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of loosestrife herb, 5 parts of selenium yeast, 2 parts of tea saponin, 5 parts of a complex enzyme, 5 parts of an EM microbial inoculum and 1 part of an amino acid chelate.
The selenium-rich agent is selenium mineral powder.
The accelerant comprises the following components: 30 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 18 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 3 parts of vitamin D and 1 parts of vitamin E.
The compound enzyme consists of mannase, protease and saccharifying enzyme according to the mass ratio of 1.2:2: 1.6.
In the compound enzyme, 10000u/g of mannase, 2000u/g of protease and 5000u/g of glucoamylase are contained.
The amino acid chelate is prepared by mixing trace elements including iron, boron, manganese and copper according to the weight ratio of 0.8:0.2:0.2: 0.7.
A preparation process of a high-efficiency rice fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: putting urea, potassium chloride, promoter, animal feces, tea saponin and amino acid chelate into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing at 20rpm for 10min to obtain a mixture A;
s2: putting humic acid, loosestrife, selenium yeast, complex enzyme and EM microbial inoculum into a grinder, stirring, grinding, sieving, and standing for 10 hours to obtain a mixture B;
s3: and (3) putting the mixture A, B into a fermentation tank, stirring and mixing, stirring the fermentation tank at the temperature of more than 28 ℃, ventilating and cooling for 15min, fermenting for 24h in the process, adding the selenium-rich agent, and stirring uniformly to obtain the fertilizer.
Example 2
The high-efficiency rice fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 13 parts of urea, 20 parts of potassium chloride, 18 parts of a selenium-rich agent, 26 parts of a promoter, 33 parts of animal wastes, 20 parts of humic acid, 13 parts of loosestrife, 10 parts of selenium yeast, 6 parts of tea saponin, 10 parts of a complex enzyme, 8 parts of an EM microbial inoculum and 3 parts of an amino acid chelate.
The selenium-rich agent is sodium selenate.
The accelerant comprises the following components: 36 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 26 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 9 parts of vitamin D and 5 parts of vitamin E.
The compound enzyme consists of mannase, protease and saccharifying enzyme according to the mass ratio of 1.1:2: 1.9.
In the compound enzyme, the mannase 15000u/g, the protease 4000u/g and the saccharifying enzyme 10000 u/g.
The amino acid chelate is prepared by mixing trace elements including iron, boron, manganese and copper according to the weight ratio of 1.3:0.6:0.5: 1.1.
A preparation process of a high-efficiency rice fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: putting urea, potassium chloride, promoter, animal feces, tea saponin, and amino acid chelate into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing at 20rpm for 10-20min to obtain mixture A;
s2: putting humic acid, loosestrife, selenium yeast, complex enzyme and EM microbial inoculum into a grinder, stirring, grinding, sieving, and standing for 24 hours to obtain a mixture B;
s3: and (3) putting the mixture A, B into a fermentation tank, stirring and mixing, stirring the fermentation tank at the temperature of more than 35 ℃, ventilating and cooling for 40min, fermenting for 72h in the process, adding the selenium-rich agent, and stirring uniformly to obtain the fertilizer.
Example 3
The high-efficiency rice fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of urea, 16 parts of potassium chloride, 15 parts of a selenium-rich agent, 22 parts of a promoter, 29 parts of animal wastes, 16 parts of humic acid, 11 parts of loosestrife, 8 parts of selenium yeast, 4 parts of tea saponin, 7 parts of a complex enzyme, 6 parts of an EM microbial inoculum and 2 parts of an amino acid chelate. .
The selenium-rich agent is composed of sodium selenite and selenium mineral powder according to the mass ratio of 3: 1.
The accelerant comprises the following components: 33 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 21 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 6 parts of vitamin D and 3 parts of vitamin E.
The compound enzyme consists of mannase, protease and saccharifying enzyme according to the mass ratio of 1.2:2: 1.5.
Among the complex enzyme, 13000u/g mannase, 2500u/g protease and 7000u/g saccharifying enzyme are adopted.
The amino acid chelate is prepared by mixing trace elements including iron, boron, manganese and copper according to the weight ratio of 1.1:0.4:0.3: 0.9.
A preparation process of a high-efficiency rice fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: putting urea, potassium chloride, promoter, animal feces, tea saponin and amino acid chelate into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing at 20rpm for 15min to obtain a mixture A;
s2: putting humic acid, loosestrife, selenium yeast, complex enzyme and EM microbial inoculum into a grinder, stirring, grinding, sieving, and standing for 19h to obtain a mixture B;
s3: and (3) putting the mixture A, B into a fermentation tank, stirring and mixing, stirring the fermentation tank at the temperature of more than 33 ℃, ventilating and cooling for 24min, fermenting for 53h in the process, adding the selenium-rich agent, and stirring uniformly to obtain the fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
The fertilizer composition and preparation was essentially the same as in example 3, except that no accelerator was added.
Comparative example 2
The fertilizer composition and preparation method were essentially the same as in example 3, except that no complex enzyme was added.
Comparative example 3
The fertilizer composition and preparation method were essentially the same as in example 3, except that no tea saponin was added.
Comparative example 4
The fertilizer composition and preparation method were essentially the same as in example 3, except that no accelerator, complex enzyme, tea saponin were added.
The rice fertilizers prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were tested, a paddy field having an area of about 7 mu in the same soil condition was selected for a rice planting test, the paddy field was divided into 7 parts per mu, and the rice fertilizers prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were used, respectively, until the rice was harvested, to test, wherein selenium was measured according to the national standard method GB5009.93-2010, and the obtained results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Rice test results
| Group of | Selenium content of rice (ug/g) | Rice yield (kg) | Thousand grain weight (g) of rice |
| Example 1 | 0.193 | 816 | 22.8 |
| Example 2 | 0.206 | 804 | 22.1 |
| Example 3 | 0.214 | 839 | 24.3 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.138 | 777 | 18.5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.169 | 780 | 17.6 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.175 | 792 | 19.2 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.071 | 709 | 14.8 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the selenium content of the rice in examples 1 to 3 is higher than the national standard (selenium-rich rice standard: the selenium content is more than or equal to 0.1 mu g/g), and the lack of some components in the fertilizer has great influence on the selenium content of the rice, the yield of the rice and the weight of thousand grains of the rice in comparative examples 1 to 4. Wherein, comparing example 1 with comparative examples 1-4, the selenium content of rice of example 1 is 39.9%, 14.2%, 10.3%, 171.8% higher than that of comparative examples 1-4, respectively, and the selenium content of rice of comparative examples 1, 4 lacking the accelerator is the lowest.
Comparing the rice selenium content of example 1 with that of comparative examples 1-4, it can be found that example 1 is 0.055ug/g (0.193-0.138 ═ 0.055) higher than comparative example 1, example 1 is 0.024ug/g (0.193-0.169 ═ 0.024) higher than comparative example 2, example 1 is 0.018ug/g (0.193-0.175 ═ 0.018) higher than comparative example 4, example 1 is 0.122ug/g (0.193-0.071 ═ 0.122) higher than comparative example 4, wherein the sum of the data of comparative examples 1-3 subtracted by the data respectively is 0.097ug/g (0.055+0.024+ 0.097) which is less than the sum of the data of example 1 by the composite enzyme promoter, the tea saponin content of example 1 is 0.097ug/g (0.055+0.024+ 0.097) lower than the sum of the tea saponin content of the composite enzyme promoter, the rice saponin of example 1 and the synergistic effect of the tea saponin promoter alone is less than the sum of the tea saponin promoter when the rice saponin promoter alone, the rice saponin promoter alone is 0.097, the rice promoter alone, the rice promoter is 0.097-0.097, the rice promoter alone, the rice promoter is less than the rice promoter alone, the rice promoter alone, the rice promoter alone is 0.:
the phosphorus element is taken as an important element participating in the processes of photosynthesis, respiration, energy storage and transfer, cell division, cell enlargement and the like in the plant body and is also a component of phospholipid, phytochrome and Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), and the phosphorus element can enable an iron film on the surface of the rice root to more easily absorb mannose oligosaccharide generated by decomposition of mannan by mannanase and glucose generated by conversion of soluble starch by saccharifying enzyme, so that the growth of the rice is promoted. The mannase can inhibit the growth of part of harmful flora on mannan decomposition-produced mannan oligosaccharide, and reduce the disease probability of rice root system, thereby promoting the absorption of the root system to the accelerator components in the fertilizer, wherein the vitamin D, E can improve the absorption of the rice to selenium element. The theasaponin can be used as a surfactant to enhance the adhesive force of the promoter component on the surface of a plant root system, so as to promote the absorption of the promoter component by rice, thereby improving the beneficial effect brought by the complex enzyme, and simultaneously enhancing the activities of protease and saccharifying enzyme in the fertilizer, thereby generating synergistic effect and improving the quality of the rice.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such substitutions and modifications are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The efficient rice fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 5-13 parts of urea, 13-20 parts of potassium chloride, 10-18 parts of a selenium-rich agent, 17-26 parts of a promoter, 25-33 parts of animal manure, 11-20 parts of humic acid, 8-13 parts of loosestrife, 5-10 parts of selenium yeast, 2-6 parts of tea saponin, 5-10 parts of a complex enzyme, 5-8 parts of an EM microbial agent and 1-3 parts of an amino acid chelate.
2. The high-efficiency rice fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of urea, 16 parts of potassium chloride, 15 parts of a selenium-rich agent, 22 parts of a promoter, 29 parts of animal wastes, 16 parts of humic acid, 11 parts of loosestrife, 8 parts of selenium yeast, 4 parts of tea saponin, 7 parts of a complex enzyme, 6 parts of an EM microbial inoculum and 2 parts of an amino acid chelate.
3. The high-efficiency rice fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the selenium-rich agent is one or more of sodium selenite, sodium selenate and selenium mineral powder.
4. The high efficiency rice fertilizer of claim 1, wherein said accelerator comprises the following components: 30-36 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 18-26 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 3-9 parts of vitamin D and 1-5 parts of vitamin E.
5. The high-efficiency rice fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the complex enzyme is composed of mannanase, protease and saccharifying enzyme.
6. The fertilizer for high-efficiency rice as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein the compound enzyme comprises mannase 10000-.
7. The efficient rice fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microelements in the amino acid chelate comprise iron, boron, manganese and copper elements, and are mixed in a weight ratio of 0.8-1.3:0.2-0.6:0.2-0.5: 0.7-1.1.
8. A process for preparing the high-efficiency rice fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, which comprises the following steps:
s1: putting urea, potassium chloride, promoter, animal feces, tea saponin, and amino acid chelate into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing at 20rpm for 10-20min to obtain mixture A;
s2: putting humic acid, loosestrife, selenium yeast, complex enzyme and EM microbial inoculum into a grinder, stirring, grinding, sieving, and standing for 10-24h to obtain a mixture B;
s3: placing the mixture A, B into a fermentation tank, stirring and mixing, stirring and ventilating for cooling for 15-40min at a temperature of 28-35 deg.C, fermenting for 24-72h, adding selenium-rich agent, and stirring to obtain fertilizer.
9. The process of claim 8, wherein the fermentation tank is stirred and aerated for 24min at a temperature >33 ℃ in step S3.
10. The process for preparing a high efficiency rice fertilizer as claimed in claim 8, wherein in step S3, after fermenting for 53 hours, selenium-enriched agent is added and stirred uniformly.
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| CN111620752A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-09-04 | 成华 | High-efficiency selenium-rich biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN112707755A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-04-27 | 湖南农业大学 | Compound fertilizer suitable for shrimp-raising rice field and preparation method thereof |
| CN115735695A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-03-07 | 衡南世源农业发展有限公司 | Production method of green selenium-rich high-calcium nutritional rice |
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Application publication date: 20200505 |