CN111087151A - Pig manure treatment method for efficiently degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead and application thereof - Google Patents
Pig manure treatment method for efficiently degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
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- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste pollutant treatment, and particularly relates to a pig manure treatment method for efficiently degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead and application thereof. The invention comprises the following steps: (1) airing fresh pig manure until the water content is 10-20% to obtain dehydrated pig manure; (2) inoculating a compound microbial agent and an organic catalytic substance into the dehydrated pig manure to obtain pig manure to be treated; (3) and applying the pig manure to be treated to a soil layer of 20cm above the plough layer soil, covering the soil, watering, airing for 8-16h, laminating, performing anaerobic treatment for 50-60d, and removing the membrane. The invention can degrade various antibiotics remained in the pig manure, obviously reduce the bioavailability of heavy metal lead, passivate the heavy metal lead, reduce the enrichment of the antibiotics and the heavy metal lead in the soil after the pig manure is applied, and repair the continuous cropping obstacle of the soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste pollutant treatment, and particularly relates to a pig manure treatment method for efficiently degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead and application thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of the pig industry, a large amount of pig manure and urine excrement is brought, and the environment is seriously affected by a large amount of livestock manure generated by the breeding. In order to improve the growth rate of the fed livestock and poultry and enhance the disease resistance, a certain amount of trace element additives such as copper, zinc, arsenic, lead and the like are usually added into the feed of a feed factory and a breeding farm, the using amount of the trace element additives is about 15-18 ten thousand tons every year in China according to statistics, wherein more than 55 percent of trace elements which are not absorbed by the livestock and poultry are accumulated in the discharged livestock and poultry manure. In addition, along with the rapid development of intensive livestock breeding industry, about 6000 tons of antibiotics are used as veterinary drugs or feed additives in the breeding industry in China on average every year, and most of the antibiotics cannot be completely absorbed and metabolized in animal bodies, and are discharged through animal excrement and urine in the form of original drugs and metabolites and enter the environment.
About 190000 ten thousand tons of livestock and poultry excrement are generated in China every year, 80% of the excrement is directly applied to farmlands or is applied to agricultural production as organic fertilizer after being processed, the current processing method is mainly composting, but the composting period is long, certain requirements are met on the environmental temperature, and the antibiotic degradation efficiency is generally low; the heavy metal passivator is often added at the same time in the composting treatment, but the problems of easy influence of environmental temperature, incomplete passivation, incapability of completely separating out heavy metals and the like also exist. Antibiotics and heavy metals in the treated livestock and poultry manure still have higher pollution risk, are greatly enriched in farmland soil and planted crops, and generate toxic risk to animals and human bodies through a food chain. In recent years, lead pollution is serious, lead is a toxic heavy metal which is extremely harmful to human bodies, lead and compounds thereof can cause damage to a plurality of systems such as nerves, hematopoiesis, digestion, kidneys, cardiovascular and endocrine after entering organisms, and lead poisoning can be caused even if the content of lead is too high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a pig manure treatment method for efficiently degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead and application thereof, which can degrade various antibiotics remained in pig manure, remarkably reduce the bioavailability of lead in pig manure, passivate heavy metal lead and reduce the enrichment of antibiotics and heavy metal lead in soil after the pig manure is applied.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
firstly, the invention provides a pig manure treatment method for efficiently degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead, which comprises the following steps:
(1) airing fresh pig manure until the water content is 10-20% to obtain dehydrated pig manure;
(2) the dehydrated pig manure is added with a compound microbial agent accounting for 0.1 to 1 percent of the total mass and an organic catalytic substance accounting for 0.5 to 5 percent of the total mass to obtain the pig manure to be treated; the composite microbial agent comprises lactobacillus, clostridium butyricum, myceliophthora corticola, sulfur oxidizing bacteria and rhodopseudomonas capsulata, and the organic catalytic substance comprises pectinase, phytase, acid protease and cellulase;
(3) and applying the pig manure to be treated to a soil layer of 20cm above the plough layer soil, covering the soil, watering, airing for 8-16h, laminating, performing anaerobic treatment for 50-60d, and removing the membrane.
Further, in the compound microbial agent in the step (2), the content of lactobacillus is 25-40%, the content of clostridium butyricum is 5-10%, the content of saccharomycete pisiformis is 20-35%, the content of sulfur oxidizing bacteria is 20-30%, and the content of rhodopseudomonas capsulata is 10-20% by weight percentage.
Further, the mass ratio of the pectinase, the phytase, the acid protease and the cellulase in the organic catalytic substance in the step (2) is 1:0.1-0.3:1-1.5: 1-2.
Further, the amount of the pig manure to be treated applied to the soil in the step (3) is 500-1000 kg/mu.
Further, after the pig manure to be treated in the step (3) is applied, irrigating to 100% of the maximum field water capacity.
Further, the soil temperature is 30-40 ℃ when the pig manure is subjected to anaerobic treatment in the step (3).
Secondly, the invention provides the application of the method, and the application is to degrade antibiotics in pig manure, passivate heavy metal lead in the pig manure and repair soil continuous cropping obstacles.
Further, the antibiotics are tetracycline, terramycin, chlortetracycline, sulfadimidine and ciprofloxacin.
Still further, the antibiotic is tetracycline and oxytetracycline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
according to the invention, the pig manure is collected and pretreated, the compound microbial agent and the organic catalyst with specific compositions are added, then the pig manure is applied to soil, and water is poured for covering a film for anaerobic treatment, so that various antibiotics remained in the pig manure can be rapidly and efficiently degraded, and heavy metal lead in the pig manure can be obviously passivated. After the pig manure is applied to soil, water is poured to form a strong anaerobic reduction environment, a plurality of organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid can be generated, the adsorption of organic matters in the pig manure on heavy metal lead ions can be reduced, the desorbed heavy metal lead ions can be adsorbed and fixed by cell walls of applied microorganisms, metabolites of the microorganisms can be combined with the heavy metal lead to generate precipitates, the organic acids can be combined with the lead to form a form which is not easy to absorb, and the biological effectiveness of the lead in the pig manure is further reduced. The number of anaerobic microorganisms in the anaerobic reduction environment is greatly increased, and macromolecules in the antibiotic residues are degraded into micromolecular substances such as water, carbon dioxide and the like through a series of reactions such as hydrolysis, oxidation reduction, group transfer and the like, so that the effect of degrading various antibiotics remained in the pig manure is achieved. After the pig manure is finally treated in the soil, the soil properties can be directly improved, and the continuous cropping obstacles of the soil can be repaired.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The materials used in the following examples are all commercially available from conventional sources.
Example 1
A pig manure treatment method for efficiently degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead comprises the following steps:
(1) airing fresh pig manure until the water content is 10% to obtain dehydrated pig manure;
(2) the dehydrated pig manure is inoculated with a compound microbial agent accounting for 0.1 percent of the total mass and an organic catalytic substance accounting for 5 percent of the total mass to obtain the pig manure to be treated; the composite microbial agent comprises 25% of lactobacillus, 5% of clostridium butyricum, 35% of Trichosporon dermatomyces, 20% of sulfur oxidizing bacteria and 15% of rhodopseudomonas capsulata according to the quantity percentage; the organic catalytic substance comprises pectinase, phytase, acid protease and cellulase in a mass ratio of 1:0.1:1: 1;
(3) and applying the pig manure to be treated to a soil layer of 20cm of plough layer soil according to the amount of 500 kg/mu, covering the soil back, irrigating until the maximum water capacity of the field is 100%, airing for 8-16h after irrigating, then laminating, carrying out anaerobic treatment for 50-60d, wherein the soil temperature is 30-40 ℃, and removing the film after finishing the anaerobic treatment.
Example 2
A pig manure treatment method for efficiently degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead comprises the following steps:
(1) airing fresh pig manure until the water content is 15% to obtain dehydrated pig manure;
(2) the dehydrated pig manure is inoculated with a compound microbial agent accounting for 0.2 percent of the total mass and an organic catalytic substance accounting for 4 percent of the total mass to obtain the pig manure to be treated; the composite microbial agent comprises, by mass percent, 30% of lactobacillus, 10% of clostridium butyricum, 25% of trichosporon cutaneum, 25% of sulfur oxidizing bacteria and 10% of rhodopseudomonas capsulata; the organic catalytic substance comprises pectinase, phytase, acid protease and cellulase in a mass ratio of 1:0.2:1.5: 1.5;
(3) applying the pig manure to be treated to a soil layer of 20cm of plough layer soil according to the amount of 750 kg/mu, covering the soil back, irrigating until the maximum water capacity of the field is 100%, airing for 8-16h after irrigating, then laminating, carrying out anaerobic treatment for 50-60d, wherein the soil temperature is 30-40 ℃, and removing the film after finishing the anaerobic treatment.
Example 3
A pig manure treatment method for efficiently degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead comprises the following steps:
(1) airing fresh pig manure until the water content is 20% to obtain dehydrated pig manure;
(2) the dehydrated pig manure is inoculated with a compound microbial agent accounting for 0.4 percent of the total mass and an organic catalytic substance accounting for 3 percent of the total mass to obtain the pig manure to be treated; the composite microbial agent comprises, by mass percent, 35% of lactobacillus, 5% of clostridium butyricum, 20% of trichosporon cutaneum, 20% of sulfur oxidizing bacteria and 20% of rhodopseudomonas capsulata; the organic catalytic substance comprises pectinase, phytase, acid protease and cellulase in a mass ratio of 1:0.3:1: 2;
(3) applying the pig manure to be treated to a soil layer of 20cm of plough layer soil according to the amount of 1000 kg/mu, covering the soil back, irrigating until the maximum water capacity of the field is 100%, airing for 8-16h after irrigating, then laminating, carrying out anaerobic treatment for 50-60d, wherein the soil temperature is 30-40 ℃, and removing the film after finishing the anaerobic treatment.
Example 4
A pig manure treatment method for efficiently degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead comprises the following steps:
(1) airing fresh pig manure until the water content is 10% to obtain dehydrated pig manure;
(2) the dehydrated pig manure is inoculated with a compound microbial agent accounting for 0.6 percent of the total mass and an organic catalytic substance accounting for 2 percent of the total mass to obtain the pig manure to be treated; the composite microbial agent comprises, by mass percent, 40% of lactobacillus, 10% of clostridium butyricum, 20% of trichosporon cutaneum, 20% of sulfur oxidizing bacteria and 10% of rhodopseudomonas capsulata; the organic catalytic substance comprises pectinase, phytase, acid protease and cellulase in a mass ratio of 1:0.1:1.5: 2;
(3) and applying the pig manure to be treated to a soil layer of 20cm of plough layer soil according to the amount of 500 kg/mu, covering the soil back, irrigating until the maximum water capacity of the field is 100%, airing for 8-16h after irrigating, then laminating, carrying out anaerobic treatment for 50-60d, wherein the soil temperature is 30-40 ℃, and removing the film after finishing the anaerobic treatment.
Example 5
A pig manure treatment method for efficiently degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead comprises the following steps:
(1) airing fresh pig manure until the water content is 15% to obtain dehydrated pig manure;
(2) the dehydrated pig manure is inoculated with a compound microbial agent accounting for 0.8 percent of the total mass and an organic catalytic substance accounting for 1 percent of the total mass to obtain the pig manure to be treated; the composite microbial agent comprises, by mass percent, 25% of lactobacillus, 10% of clostridium butyricum, 30% of trichosporon cutaneum, 25% of sulfur oxidizing bacteria and 10% of rhodopseudomonas capsulata; the organic catalytic substance comprises pectinase, phytase, acid protease and cellulase in a mass ratio of 1:0.2:1: 1.5;
(3) applying the pig manure to be treated to a soil layer of 20cm of plough layer soil according to the amount of 750 kg/mu, covering the soil back, irrigating until the maximum water capacity of the field is 100%, airing for 8-16h after irrigating, then laminating, carrying out anaerobic treatment for 50-60d, wherein the soil temperature is 30-40 ℃, and removing the film after finishing the anaerobic treatment.
Example 6
A pig manure treatment method for efficiently degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead comprises the following steps:
(1) airing fresh pig manure until the water content is 20% to obtain dehydrated pig manure;
(2) the dehydrated pig manure is inoculated with a compound microbial agent accounting for 1% of the total mass and an organic catalytic substance accounting for 0.5% of the total mass to obtain the pig manure to be treated; the composite microbial agent comprises, by mass percent, 25% of lactobacillus, 5% of clostridium butyricum, 20% of trichosporon cutaneum, 30% of sulfur oxidizing bacteria and 20% of rhodopseudomonas capsulata; the organic catalytic substance comprises pectinase, phytase, acid protease and cellulase in a mass ratio of 1:0.3:1.5: 1;
(3) applying the pig manure to be treated to a soil layer of 20cm of plough layer soil according to the amount of 1000 kg/mu, covering the soil back, irrigating until the maximum water capacity of the field is 100%, airing for 8-16h after irrigating, then laminating, carrying out anaerobic treatment for 50-60d, wherein the soil temperature is 30-40 ℃, and removing the film after finishing the anaerobic treatment.
Comparative example 1 is untreated fresh pig manure.
Comparative example 2 is pig manure treated with conventional aerobic composting.
Comparative example 3 is pig manure treated with conventional anaerobic composting.
Comparative example 4 is different from example 1 in that the complex microbial agent is not added to the pig manure.
Comparative example 5 differs from example 1 in that no organic catalytic substance was added to the pig manure.
Comparative example 6 differs from example 1 in that no watering and mulching was performed after the pig manure was applied to the soil.
Pig manure was treated according to the methods of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 6, and after completion of the treatment, a sample of pig manure was randomly collected, sealed with a sample bag, frozen at-18 ℃ for more than 48 hours, freeze-dried on a freeze dryer, ground, passed through a 100 mesh nylon mesh screen, and the antibiotic content in pig manure was measured, with the results shown in the following table.
TABLE 1 antibiotic content in pig manure under different treatments
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, compared with untreated fresh pig manure, the content of various antibiotics in the pig manure can be effectively reduced after conventional aerobic composting and anaerobic composting treatment, but the composting treatment time is long, the composting period of the pig manure needs 3-6 months, the requirements on conditions such as temperature are high, various operations such as pile turning are required, and the efficiency is low. The embodiment 1-6 adopting the treatment method can obviously reduce the antibiotic content in the pig manure, wherein the average degradation rate of tetracycline is 93.38%, the average degradation rate of terramycin is 92.72%, the average degradation rate of aureomycin is 87.88%, the average degradation rate of sulfadimidine is 93.14%, and the average degradation rate of ciprofloxacin is 94.42%. Compared with the example 1, the pig manure treated by the comparative example 4 without adding the compound microbial agent, the comparative example 5 without adding the organic catalyst and the comparative example 5 without irrigating and coating after being applied to soil also has a certain function of degrading antibiotics, but the effects are poor.
The method of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were carried out to treat pig manure, and after the treatment, a sample of pig manure was collected at random, sealed with a sample bag, frozen at-18 ℃ for 48 hours or more, freeze-dried in a freeze-drying machine, ground and passed through a 100 mesh nylon mesh screen to measure the content of heavy metal lead in pig manure, and meanwhile, different treated soil samples were collected with soil to which no pig manure was applied as a control group to measure the content of heavy metal lead in soil to which pig manure was applied, and the results are shown in the following table.
TABLE 2 Effect of different pig manure treatments on the content of heavy metal lead in pig manure and soil
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, compared with fresh pig manure, after the pig manure is treated by the conventional composting method and the method of the invention, the total concentration of heavy metal lead in the pig manure is increased due to the reduction of the total volume of the pig manure, so that the concentration effect is shown, but the proportion of the effective lead in the total lead is obviously reduced. The proportion of the untreated pig manure in the comparative example 1 is 15.43%, that of the untreated pig manure in the comparative example 2 is 5.28% after aerobic composting, that of the comparative example 3 is 5.36% after anaerobic composting, and that of the comparative examples 4 to 6 are 5.21%, 5.54% and 5.52%, respectively, which shows that the treatment methods have certain effects of passivating the heavy metal lead in the pig manure. The proportion of the effective lead in the pig manure treated by the method of the invention in the examples 1-6 is 3.52% on average, and compared with other methods, the method can effectively passivate the heavy metal lead in the pig manure and obviously reduce the content of the effective lead.
In addition, compared with the soil of a control group without the application of the pig manure, the content of the effective lead and the total lead in the soil after the application of the fresh pig manure is obviously improved, which indicates that the lead in the soil is easily enriched when the untreated pig manure is directly applied to the soil. The total lead content of the soil in the soil treated by the comparative examples 2-6 is increased to a certain extent, but the content of the effective lead is reduced, which shows that the treatment of the comparative examples 2-6 can passivate heavy metal lead to a certain extent. In examples 1 to 6 in which the treatment method of the present application was used, the total lead content in the soil was not significantly different from that in the control group, but the content of the active state lead was significantly reduced, indicating that the treatment method of the present application does not cause enrichment of heavy metal lead after applying pig manure to the soil, and is more environmentally friendly.
Claims (9)
1. A pig manure treatment method for efficiently degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) airing fresh pig manure until the water content is 10-20% to obtain dehydrated pig manure;
(2) the dehydrated pig manure is added with a compound microbial agent accounting for 0.1 to 1 percent of the total mass and an organic catalytic substance accounting for 0.5 to 5 percent of the total mass to obtain the pig manure to be treated; the composite microbial agent comprises lactobacillus, clostridium butyricum, myceliophthora corticola, sulfur oxidizing bacteria and rhodopseudomonas capsulata, and the organic catalytic substance comprises pectinase, phytase, acid protease and cellulase;
(3) and applying the pig manure to be treated to a soil layer of 20cm above the plough layer soil, covering the soil, watering, airing for 8-16h, laminating, performing anaerobic treatment for 50-60d, and removing the membrane.
2. The method for treating pig manure capable of efficiently degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead according to claim 1, wherein the composite microbial agent in the step (2) comprises, by mass percentage, 25-40% of lactobacillus, 5-10% of clostridium butyricum, 20-35% of trichosporon dermatomyces, 20-30% of sulfur oxidizing bacteria and 10-20% of rhodopseudomonas capsulata.
3. The method for treating the pig manure capable of efficiently degrading the antibiotics and passivating the heavy metal lead according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the pectinase, the phytase, the acid protease and the cellulase in the organic catalytic substance in the step (2) is 1:0.1-0.3:1-1.5: 1-2.
4. The method for treating the pig manure capable of effectively degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the pig manure to be treated applied to the soil in the step (3) is 500-1000 kg/mu.
5. The method for treating the pig manure capable of efficiently degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the pig manure to be treated in the step (3) is irrigated to 100% of the maximum field water capacity after being applied.
6. The method for treating pig manure capable of efficiently degrading antibiotics and passivating heavy metal lead according to claim 1, wherein the soil temperature of pig manure in the step (3) is 30-40 ℃ during anaerobic treatment.
7. The use of the method of pig manure treatment according to claim 1 for the degradation of antibiotics in pig manure, the inactivation of heavy metal lead in pig manure and the remediation of soil continuous cropping obstacles.
8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the antibiotic is tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, sulfadimidine, and ciprofloxacin.
9. The use according to claim 8, wherein the antibiotic is tetracycline or oxytetracycline.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113045156A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-06-29 | 山西农业大学 | Method for anaerobic treatment of livestock and poultry manure |
| CN117362079A (en) * | 2023-11-08 | 2024-01-09 | 宁夏沃滴滴水肥科技有限公司 | Production process of biological liquid fertilizer containing antibiotics |
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