CN111066424B

CN111066424B - Seeding equipment and seeding agriculture

Info

Publication number: CN111066424B
Application number: CN201911349124.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于江龙; 郝文超; 孟祥禹; 伍鑫; 杨慧超
Original assignee: Heilongjiang Fengwo Feifan Agricultural Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Heilongjiang Fengwo Feifan Agricultural Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-24
Filing date: 2019-12-24
Publication date: 2020-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-24
Also published as: CN111066424A

Abstract

The invention discloses a sowing device and a sowing agricultural technology, wherein the device comprises: the single ditching part slope opposite direction with the second fertilization of first fertilization monomer, first fertilization monomer and second fertilization monomer set up in turn from the right side left, first seeding monomer is opposite with the free ditching part slope of second seeding, second seeding monomer and first seeding monomer set up in turn from the right side left, the second seeding monomer is just to first fertilization monomer setting and the ditching part slope opposite direction of the two, first seeding monomer is just to setting up just the second fertilization monomer and the ditching part slope opposite direction of the two, the walking press wheel is just to the clearance setting between first fertilization monomer and the second fertilization monomer. Aims to solve the problem of large soil turning amount caused by repeated fertilization ditching and seeding ditching in the prior art. The technical effects achieved are as follows: the soil structure with soft and hard intervals is formed, so that drought and waterlogging conservation is realized, and the fertilizing pressure and the seeding pressure to the ground are reasonable.

Description

Seeding equipment and seeding agriculture

Technical Field

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of seeders, in particular to a seeding device and a seeding agriculture.

Background

In the operation process of the seeder, agricultural processes such as ditching fertilization, suppression, ditching seeding and earthing filling are needed, different soil plowing is respectively carried out on the ditching fertilization and the ditching seeding in the operation process of the seeder in the prior art, the soil plowing amount is large, the soil disturbance times are many, a soil aggregate structure with soft and hard intervals cannot be formed, and the drought and waterlogging conservation of crops is not facilitated; in addition, the fertilization unit among the prior art and the seeding unit operation in-process to ground pressure regulation inconvenient, and the seeding machines trafficability characteristic is poor, need set up solitary straw cutting device before the ditching fertilization, and the cost is higher.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a sowing device, which aims to solve the problem of large soil turning amount caused by repeated fertilization and ditching and sowing and ditching in the sowing operation process in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

according to a first aspect of the present invention, a sowing apparatus includes a first beam, a second beam, a third beam, a fourth beam, a fifth beam, a plurality of first fertilizing monomers, a plurality of second fertilizing monomers, a plurality of walking press wheels, a plurality of first sowing monomers, a plurality of second sowing monomers, a wheel arm, a fertilizing pressure adjusting device, a link mechanism, a sowing pressure adjusting device, and a plurality of elastic teeth; the first beam, the second beam, the third beam, the fourth beam and the fifth beam are sequentially arranged in parallel at intervals from front to back, the first beam, the second beam and the third beam are all fixed on a frame of the seeder, the fourth beam is connected with the third beam through a seeding pressure adjusting device, and the fifth beam is fixed on the fourth beam; the first beam is provided with a plurality of first fertilization monomers, the second beam is provided with a plurality of second fertilization monomers, the first beam is provided with a fertilization pressure adjusting device for adjusting the downward pressure of the first fertilization monomers and the second fertilization monomers, and the first fertilization monomers and the second fertilization monomers are connected through a connecting rod mechanism; the third cross beam is rotatably connected with a plurality of walking press wheels through wheel arms fixed at two ends of the third cross beam; a plurality of first sowing single bodies and a plurality of second sowing single bodies are arranged on the fourth cross beam, and the first sowing single bodies are positioned on the front sides of the second sowing single bodies; a plurality of elastic teeth are arranged on the fifth cross beam; the single-body ditching component of first fertilization is opposite to the single-body ditching component of second fertilization in the direction of inclination, first fertilization monomer and second fertilization monomer set up in turn from right to left in proper order, the single-body ditching component of first seeding is opposite in direction of inclination to the single-body ditching component of second seeding, second seeding monomer and first seeding monomer set up in turn from right to left, the single-body just setting up and the two ditching component opposite in direction of inclination to first fertilization monomer is sowed to the second, first seeding monomer just sets up and the two ditching component opposite in direction of inclination to the single-body of second fertilization, the walking press wheel just sets up the clearance between first fertilization monomer and the second fertilization monomer.

Furthermore, the device also comprises a damping piece, a first rotating beam and a second rotating beam, and the fertilization pressure adjusting device comprises a supporting plate, a fertilization hydraulic cylinder and a fertilization connecting lug; the damping piece, the first rotating cross beam and the second rotating cross beam are all of square steel tube structures, the first fertilization monomer is connected to the first rotating cross beam through the damping piece, the damping piece on the first fertilization monomer is sleeved on the first rotating cross beam, the second fertilization monomer is connected to the second rotating cross beam through the damping piece, and the damping piece on the second fertilization monomer is sleeved on the second rotating cross beam; two supporting plates are fixed on the first cross beam, two fertilizing connecting lugs are fixed on the first rotating cross beam, the supporting plates and the fertilizing connecting lugs are arranged correspondingly, the fixed end of a fertilizing hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the upper end of the supporting plates, and the telescopic rod end of the fertilizing hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the upper ends of the fertilizing connecting lugs; both ends of the first rotating beam and the second rotating beam are connected through a connecting rod mechanism.

Furthermore, the link mechanism comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a middle connecting rod, the first connecting rod is fixed at both ends of the first rotating cross beam, the second connecting rod is fixed at both ends of the second rotating cross beam, one end of the middle connecting rod is hinged with the first connecting rod, and the other end of the middle connecting rod is hinged with the second connecting rod.

Further, the first fertilization unit comprises a first fertilization plate, a first fertilizer baffle plate, a notch disc and a fertilizer pipe; the second fertilization monomer comprises a second fertilization plate, a second fertilizer baffle, a notched disc and a fertilizer pipe; the upper end of the first fertilization plate is fixed on the shock absorption piece, the lower end of the first fertilization plate is rotatably connected with a notched disc, the fertilizer pipe is fixed on the first fertilization plate, the first fertilizer baffle plate is fixed at the lower end of the first fertilization plate, and the fertilizer pipe is arranged between the first fertilization plate and the first fertilizer baffle plate; the upper end of the second fertilization plate is fixed on the shock absorption piece, the lower end of the second fertilization plate is rotatably connected with a notched disc, the fertilizer pipe is fixed on the second fertilization plate, the second fertilizer baffle plate is fixed at the lower end of the second fertilization plate, and the fertilizer pipe is arranged between the second fertilization plate and the second fertilizer baffle plate; the first fertilization board and the second fertilization board are symmetrically arranged, and the notch disc on the first fertilization board and the notch disc on the second fertilization board are symmetrically arranged.

Further, the seeding pressure adjusting device comprises a front connecting rod, a rear connecting rod, an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod, a seeding hydraulic cylinder and a plurality of adjusting gaskets; two front connecting rods are fixed on the third cross beam, the upper end of each front connecting rod is hinged with an upper connecting rod, and the lower end of each front connecting rod is hinged with a lower connecting rod; the upper end of the rear connecting rod is hinged to the middle part of the upper connecting rod, the middle part of the rear connecting rod is hinged to the rear end of the lower connecting rod, and the lower end of the rear connecting rod is fixed on the fourth cross beam; the cylinder body end of the seeding hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the fourth cross beam, and the telescopic rod end of the seeding hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the rear end of the upper connecting rod; the fourth cross beam is used for installing a plurality of first sowing single bodies and a plurality of second sowing single bodies in a single-hinge connection mode; the adjusting gaskets are inserted into the telescopic rod of the seeding hydraulic cylinder in an inserting mode, the adjusting gaskets on the upper end in the adjusting gaskets abut against the rear end of the upper connecting rod, and the adjusting gaskets on the lower end in the adjusting gaskets abut against the cylinder body of the seeding hydraulic cylinder.

Furthermore, the device also comprises a plurality of tensioning connecting plates, a third rotating beam, a tension spring, a plurality of tensioning connecting lugs, two sowing connecting lugs, two steel wire ropes and two tensioning devices; the tensioning connecting plates are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the third rotating beam; one end of each tensioning connecting plate is fixed on the fourth cross beam, the other end of each tensioning connecting plate is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the third rotating cross beam, and the third rotating cross beam is rotatably connected to the plurality of tensioning connecting plates; the tensioning connecting lugs are fixed on the third rotating beam and are arranged corresponding to the first sowing single body or the second sowing single body; tension springs are arranged between the first sowing single body and the tensioning connecting lug and between the second sowing single body and the tensioning connecting lug; the two seeding connection lugs are fixed on the left side and the right side of the middle part of the third rotating cross beam, the two tensioning devices are fixed on the fourth cross beam, the tensioning devices are positioned right above the seeding connection lugs, and each seeding connection lug is correspondingly connected to the tensioning device through a steel wire rope; the seeding engaging lug is obliquely and upwards arranged on the third rotating beam, and the tensioning engaging lug is obliquely and downwards arranged on the third rotating beam.

Further, the tensioning device comprises a first side plate, a second side plate, a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, an adjustable bolt, a steel wire rope and a fixed pulley; the first side plate and the second side plate are arranged in parallel; the middle parts of the first side plate and the second side plate are fixed on the fourth cross beam; the front end of the first side plate is connected with the front end of the second side plate through a first connecting plate, and the rear end of the first side plate is connected with the rear end of the second side plate through a second connecting plate; one end of an adjustable bolt is hinged to the rear ends of the first side plate and the second side plate connecting body, and the front end of the adjustable bolt is hung on the sowing connecting lug through a steel wire rope; the fixed pulley rotates to be connected between the front end of the first side plate and the front end of the second side plate, the fixed pulley is located on the lower side of the first connecting plate, and the steel wire rope is connected to the fixed pulley in a rolling mode.

Further, the device also comprises a plurality of first supporting frames and a plurality of second supporting frames; the number of the first support frames is the same as that of the first sowing single bodies, and the number of the second support frames is the same as that of the second sowing single bodies; the fourth crossbeam is square steel pipe structure, and the cross-section diagonal of fourth crossbeam is located the vertical direction, and the preceding downside of fourth crossbeam is fixed with a plurality of first supports, and single hinge articulates in every first support has first seeding monomer, and the back downside of fourth crossbeam is fixed with a plurality of second supports, and single hinge articulates in every second support has second seeding monomer.

Furthermore, the first sowing unit comprises a single articulated shaft, a first sowing connecting rod, a first fixing plate, a ditching disc, a first soil scraping knife, a seed pipe, a first baffle plate, a first wheel connecting plate, a first wheel scraping plate and a wheel pressing wheel; the second sowing unit comprises a single articulated shaft, a second sowing connecting rod, a second fixing plate, a ditching disc, a second scraper, a seed tube, a second baffle plate, a second wheel connecting plate, a second wheel scraper and a seed pressing wheel; the single articulated shaft of a first seeding single body is rotationally connected in a first support frame, one end of a first seeding connecting rod is fixed on the outer side wall of the single articulated shaft, the other end of the first seeding connecting rod is fixedly provided with a first wheel connecting plate, a seed pressing wheel is rotationally connected on the first wheel connecting plate, a first fixing plate is fixed in the middle of the first seeding connecting rod, the lower side of the first fixing plate is rotationally connected with a ditching disc, a seed pipe is arranged between the ditching disc and the first fixing plate, the lower end of the first fixing plate is fixedly provided with a first seed baffle plate, the first seed baffle plate is positioned at the outlet of the seed pipe, a first soil scraping knife for removing soil bonded on the surface of the ditching disc is fixed on the first seeding connecting rod, the lower end of the first soil scraping knife is abutted against the ditching disc, a first wheel scraping plate is fixedly provided with a first wheel scraping plate, and the first wheel scraping plate is used for; the single articulated shaft of a second seeding single body is rotatably connected in a second support frame, one end of a second seeding connecting rod is fixed on the outer side wall of the single articulated shaft, the other end of the second seeding connecting rod is fixedly provided with a second wheel connecting plate, a seed pressing wheel is rotatably connected on the second wheel connecting plate, a second fixed plate is fixed in the middle of the second seeding connecting rod, the lower side of the second fixed plate is rotatably connected with a ditching disc, a seed pipe is arranged between the ditching disc and the second fixed plate, the lower end of the second fixed plate is fixedly provided with a second seed baffle plate, the second seed baffle plate is positioned at the outlet of the seed pipe, a second soil scraping knife for removing soil bonded on the surface of the ditching disc is fixed on the second seeding connecting rod, the lower end of the second soil scraping knife is abutted against the ditching disc, a second wheel scraping plate is fixed on the second wheel connecting plate, and the second wheel scraping plate is used; the inclination direction of the ditching disc of the first sowing unit is opposite to that of the ditching disc of the second sowing unit.

According to a second aspect of the invention, a sowing agricultural method, using the sowing apparatus of the second aspect of the invention, comprises the following steps:

step 1, adjusting the distance between the fertilization monomers, the sowing monomers and the walking press wheels, arranging a plurality of first fertilization monomers on a first cross beam at equal intervals from the right side of the advancing direction of the sowing machine, arranging a plurality of second fertilization monomers on a second cross beam at equal intervals from the right side of the advancing direction of the sowing machine, wherein the second fertilization monomer positioned at the rightmost end on the second cross beam is over against the second fertilization monomer at the rightmost end on the first cross beam, each walking press wheel is over against the gap between the first fertilization monomer and the second fertilization monomer, the second sowing monomer is over against the first fertilization monomer, and the first sowing monomer is over against the second fertilization monomer;

step 2, hanging the adjusted sowing equipment on a tractor, wherein the right side of the advancing direction of the sowing equipment is a first operation line, a first fertilizing monomer and a second sowing monomer are sequentially arranged on odd operation lines, and a second fertilizing monomer and a first sowing monomer are sequentially arranged on even operation lines;

step 3, throwing the soil towards one side of the even operation lines by the first fertilizing units on the odd operation lines, throwing the soil towards one side of the odd operation lines by the second fertilizing units on the even operation lines, and forming soil ridges between the odd operation lines and the even operation lines;

step 4, rolling the soil ridge by the walking press wheel to move forward, turning the soil on the right side of the soil ridge to the right side by the second sowing monomer, and turning the soil on the left side of the soil ridge to the left side by the first sowing monomer for sowing again;

step 5, after the sowing single body advances, loose soil is arranged at the bottom of the seed ditch, and soil ridges on two sides of the seed ditch, which are positioned on the walking press wheel, pass through are compact soil, so that a soil structure with the loose soil rows and the compact soil rows alternately distributed in sequence is formed;

and 6, covering soil on the soil above the seed furrow by the elastic teeth and backfilling the soil.

The invention has the following advantages: by the fertilizing single bodies arranged in the reverse direction and the sowing single bodies arranged in the reverse direction in the sowing equipment, the soil after fertilizing and sowing operation forms a soil structure with soft and hard intervals, the effects of drought and waterlogging harvest protection are achieved, and the crop yield is obviously improved; after fertilization, seeding and earthing and pressing, the surface flatness is high, the pressure of the fertilizing single body to the ground is adjustable, the pressure of the seeding single body to the ground is adjustable, the machine tool has good passing performance, the fertilizing part of the notch unit disc is adopted, straw and weeds on the surface of the ground can be cut up while fertilization is carried out, the obstruction to the running process of the machine tool is reduced, the structure of seeding equipment is simplified, the manufacturing cost of the machine tool is low, and the seeding operation efficiency is high; the process method ensures the development of the seedlings and effectively resists the adverse growth environment of dry seasons and waterlogging seasons.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.

The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a sowing apparatus provided in some embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of a planting device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a top view of a planting device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a rear view of a planting device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a fertilizing assembly of a sowing apparatus according to some embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a seeding assembly of a seeding apparatus according to some embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 7 is a front view of a first fertilizing cell of a sowing apparatus according to some embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a right side view of the first fertilizing unit of the sowing apparatus provided in fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a front view of a second fertilizing cell of a sowing apparatus according to some embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a right side view of a second fertilization unit of the sowing apparatus provided in fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a front view of a first planting unit of a planting device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a first sowing unit of the sowing apparatus provided in fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a front view of a second planting unit of the planting device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of a second sowing unit of the sowing apparatus provided in fig. 13.

In the figure: 1. a first beam, a second beam, a third beam, a fourth beam, a fifth beam, a first fertilizing single body, a 7 fertilizing single body, a 8 walking press wheel, a 9 sowing single body, a 10 sowing single body, a 11 sowing single body, a fertilizing pressure adjusting device, a 12 connecting rod mechanism, a 13 sowing pressure adjusting device, a 14 spring tooth, a 15 odd operation row, a 16 even operation row, a 17 sowing pressure adjusting device, a first rotating beam, a 18 rotating beam, a second rotating beam, a 19 wheel arm, a 20 tensioning device, a 21 rotating beam, a third rotating beam, a 22 supporting plate, a 23 fertilizing hydraulic cylinder, a 24 fertilizing connecting lug, a 25 front connecting rod, a 26 upper connecting rod, a 27 lower connecting rod, a 28 rear connecting rod, a 29 sowing hydraulic cylinder, a 30 sowing connecting lug, a 31, a tension spring, a 32 adjusting gasket, a 33, a tensioning connecting lug, a 34 and a first supporting frame, 35. second support frame, 36, wire rope, 37, tensioning connecting plate, 38, first connecting rod, 39, middle connecting rod, 40, second connecting rod, 41, shock-absorbing member, 42, first fertilization board, 43, fertilizer tube, 44, notch disc, 45, first fender fertile board, 46, second fertilization board, 47, second fender fertile board, 48, monomer articulated shaft, 49, first seeding connecting rod, 50, first fixed plate, 51, ditching disc, 52, first scraper, 53, seed tube, 54, first wheel connecting plate, 55, first wheel scraper, 56, pinch roller, 57, first fender board, 58, second seeding connecting rod, 59, second fixed plate, 60, second scraper, 61, second fender board, 62, second wheel connecting plate, 63, second wheel scraper.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a sowing apparatus in this embodiment includes a first beam 1, a second beam 2, a third beam 3, a fourth beam 4, a fifth beam 5, a plurality of first fertilizer applying units 6, a plurality of second fertilizer applying units 7, a plurality of traveling press wheels 8, a plurality of first sowing units 9, a plurality of second sowing units 10, a wheel arm 19, a fertilizer applying pressure adjusting device 11, a link mechanism 12, a sowing pressure adjusting device 13, and a plurality of elastic teeth 14; the first beam 1, the second beam 2, the third beam 3, the fourth beam 4 and the fifth beam 5 are sequentially arranged in parallel at intervals from front to back, the first beam 1, the second beam 2 and the third beam 3 are all fixed on a frame of the seeder, the fourth beam 4 is connected with the third beam 3 through a seeding pressure adjusting device 13, and the fifth beam 5 is fixed on the fourth beam 4; a plurality of first fertilization monomers 6 are arranged on the first beam 1, a plurality of second fertilization monomers 7 are arranged on the second beam 2, the first beam 1 is provided with a fertilization pressure adjusting device 11 for adjusting the downward pressure of the plurality of first fertilization monomers 6 and the plurality of second fertilization monomers 7, and the plurality of first fertilization monomers 6 and the plurality of second fertilization monomers 7 are connected through a link mechanism 12; the third beam 3 is rotatably connected with a plurality of walking press wheels 8 through wheel arms 19 fixed at two ends of the third beam; a plurality of first sowing single bodies 9 and a plurality of second sowing single bodies 10 are arranged on the fourth beam 4, and the first sowing single bodies 9 are positioned at the front sides of the second sowing single bodies 10; a plurality of elastic teeth 14 are arranged on the fifth beam 5; a first fertilization monomer 6, a second fertilization monomer 7, first seeding monomer 9,

second seeding monomer

10 and 14 quantity of elastic teeth are the same and correspond the setting, the ditching part incline direction of first fertilization monomer 6 is opposite with the ditching part incline direction of second fertilization monomer 7, first fertilization monomer 6 and second fertilization monomer 7 set up in proper order from the right side to the left side in turn, the ditching part incline direction of first seeding monomer 9 is opposite with the ditching part incline direction of second seeding monomer 10, second seeding monomer 10 and first seeding monomer 9 set up in proper order from the right side to the left side in turn, second seeding monomer 10 is just to first fertilization monomer 6 setting and the ditching part incline direction of the two is opposite, first seeding monomer 9 is just setting up and the ditching part incline direction of the two is opposite to second fertilization monomer 7, walking press wheel 8 is just setting up the clearance between first fertilization monomer 6 and the second fertilization monomer 7.

The technical effect that this embodiment reaches does: by the fertilizing single bodies arranged in the reverse direction and the sowing single bodies arranged in the reverse direction in the sowing equipment, the soil after fertilizing and sowing operation forms a soil structure with soft and hard intervals, the effects of drought and waterlogging harvest protection are achieved, and the crop yield is obviously improved; after fertilization, seeding and earthing suppression, the earth's surface roughness is high, and the fertilization monomer is adjustable to ground pressure, and the seeding monomer is adjustable to ground pressure, and machines trafficability characteristic is good, adopts the fertilization part of breach unit dish, can cut up earth's surface straw weeds when fertilizing, has reduced the hindrance to the machines process of traveling, has retrencied the seeding equipment structure simultaneously, machines low in manufacturing cost, and the seeding operating efficiency is high.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a sowing apparatus in the present embodiment includes all the technical features of embodiment 1, in addition to a shock absorbing member 41, a first rotating beam 17 and a second rotating beam 18, a fertilizing pressure adjusting device 11 including a support plate 22, a fertilizing hydraulic cylinder 23 and a fertilizing connecting lug 24; the damping piece 41, the first rotating cross beam 17 and the second rotating cross beam 18 are all of square steel tube structures, the first fertilization monomer 6 is connected to the first rotating cross beam 17 through the damping piece 41, the damping piece 41 on the first fertilization monomer 6 is sleeved on the first rotating cross beam 17, the second fertilization monomer 7 is connected to the second rotating cross beam 18 through the damping piece 41, and the damping piece 41 on the second fertilization monomer 7 is sleeved on the second rotating cross beam 18; two supporting plates 22 are fixed on the first cross beam 1, two fertilizing connecting lugs 24 are fixed on the first rotating cross beam 17, the supporting plates 22 and the fertilizing connecting lugs 24 are correspondingly arranged, the fixed end of a fertilizing hydraulic cylinder 23 is hinged to the upper end of the supporting plates 22, and the telescopic rod end of the fertilizing hydraulic cylinder 23 is hinged to the upper end of the fertilizing connecting lugs 24; both ends of the first and second

rotating beams

17 and 18 are connected by a link mechanism 12, and preferably, a soil guard is provided outside the link mechanism 12.

The beneficial effects in this embodiment are: the ditching pressure of all the fertilizing single bodies is adjusted by adopting the pressure adjusting device in the form of the fertilizing hydraulic cylinder 23, the first rotating beam 17 and the second rotating beam 18 are connected by using the connecting rod mechanism 12, the pressure adjusting device does not need to be arranged on the second beam 2 independently, the first fertilizing assembly and the second fertilizing assembly share one set of pressure adjusting device, and the cost for arranging the pressure adjusting device is saved; through setting up damper 41, improved the free shock attenuation shock-absorbing performance of fertilization, the square tubular construction cover through damper 41 establishes the shock attenuation mode of double-deck square tubular construction on the rotating beam, has better linear shock attenuation performance, the effectual free damage of fertilization of having avoided.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a sowing apparatus in this embodiment includes all the technical features of embodiment 2, in addition, the link mechanism 12 includes a first link 38, a second link 40 and an intermediate link 39, the first link 38 is fixed to both ends of the first rotating beam 17, the second link 40 is fixed to both ends of the second rotating beam 18, one end of the intermediate link 39 is hinged to the first link 38, and the other end of the intermediate link 39 is hinged to the second link 40; as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the first fertilization unit 6 includes a first fertilization plate 42, a first fertilizer blocking plate 45, a notched disc 44 and a fertilizer tube 43; as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the second fertilization unit 7 includes a second fertilization plate 46, a second fertilizer blocking plate 47, a notched disc 44 and a fertilizer tube 43; the upper end of the first fertilization plate 42 is fixed on the shock absorption member 41, the lower end of the first fertilization plate 42 is rotatably connected with a notched disc 44, a fertilizer pipe 43 is fixed on the first fertilization plate 42, a first fertilizer blocking plate 45 is fixed at the lower end of the first fertilization plate 42, and the fertilizer pipe 43 is arranged between the first fertilization plate 42 and the first fertilizer blocking plate 45; the upper end of a second fertilization plate 46 is fixed on the shock absorption piece 41, the lower end of the second fertilization plate 46 is rotatably connected with a notch disc 44, a fertilizer pipe 43 is fixed on the second fertilization plate 46, a second fertilizer blocking plate 47 is fixed at the lower end of the second fertilization plate 46, and the fertilizer pipe 43 is arranged between the second fertilization plate 46 and the second fertilizer blocking plate 47; the first fertilization plate 42 and the second fertilization plate 46 are symmetrically arranged, and the notched disc 44 on the first fertilization plate 42 and the notched disc 44 on the second fertilization plate 46 are symmetrically arranged.

The beneficial effects in this embodiment are: the hydraulic system of the tractor is effectively utilized, the arrangement of additional pressure power parts is reduced, and the sensitivity of the pressure adjusting mode in the form of the fertilizing hydraulic cylinder 23 is higher, so that the fertilizing device can be better suitable for soil environments with different hardness; the first rotating beam 17 and the second rotating beam 18 are connected through the link mechanism 12, the number of the fertilization hydraulic cylinders 23 is reduced, and the front and rear fertilization assemblies share one fertilization hydraulic cylinder 23 mechanism, so that the cost of pressure regulation is obviously reduced; soil splashing of the end fertilization monomer is avoided by arranging the soil retaining plate; by arranging the first fertilization monomer 6 and the second fertilization monomer 7 of the notched disc 44, the cutting of the straws and weeds on the ground surface can be realized while the fertilization and ditching are realized, the advancing resistance of the machine tool is reduced, and the extra cost generated by independently arranging the straw cutting device is obviously reduced; through with the breach disc 44 of the breach disc 44 in the first fertilization monomer 6 and the reverse setting of the breach disc 44 of second fertilization monomer 7, the seeding monomer of cooperation rear side has reduced the disturbance to soil.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a sowing apparatus in the present embodiment includes all the technical features of embodiment 3, in addition to which a sowing pressure adjusting device 13 includes a front link 25, a rear link 28, an upper link 26, a lower link 27, a sowing hydraulic cylinder 29, and a plurality of adjusting pads 32; two front connecting rods 25 are fixed on the third cross beam 3, the upper end of each front connecting rod 25 is hinged with an upper connecting rod 26, and the lower end of each front connecting rod 25 is hinged with a lower connecting rod 27; the upper end of the rear connecting rod 28 is hinged with the middle part of the upper connecting rod 26, the middle part of the rear connecting rod 28 is hinged with the rear end of the lower connecting rod 27, and the lower end of the rear connecting rod 28 is fixed on the fourth cross beam 4; the cylinder body end of the seeding hydraulic cylinder 29 is fixed on the fourth cross beam 4, and the telescopic rod end of the seeding hydraulic cylinder 29 is hinged at the rear end of the upper connecting rod 26; the fourth cross beam 4 is used for installing a plurality of first sowing single bodies 9 and a plurality of second sowing single bodies 10 in a single-hinge connection mode; the adjusting washers 32 are inserted into the telescopic rod of the seeding hydraulic cylinder 29, the adjusting washer 32 at the upper end of the adjusting washers 32 abuts against the rear end of the upper connecting rod 26, and the adjusting washer 32 at the lower end of the adjusting washers 32 abuts against the cylinder body of the seeding hydraulic cylinder 29.

The beneficial effects in this embodiment are: the four-bar mechanism 12 is combined with the single-hinge profiling structure, so that the adjustability of the downward pressure of the seed sowing unit of the seed drill is realized; the seeding hydraulic cylinder 29 is arranged, so that the overall downward pressure of all the seeding monomers can be adjusted; the adjustment mode of the pressure under the seeding monomer is simplified, the ideal pressure to the ground is obtained, and the growth of crops is facilitated, so that the yield and income increase are realized; by arranging the adjusting gaskets 32, the limitation of the upper limit position and the lower limit position of the seeding hydraulic cylinder 29 is realized, the adjusting gaskets 32 with different numbers are installed, and the adjustment of the limit positions of the different seeding hydraulic cylinders 29 is realized.

Example 5

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a sowing apparatus in this embodiment includes all the technical features of embodiment 4, in addition, a plurality of tensioning connection plates 37, a third rotating beam 21, a tension spring 31, a plurality of tensioning connection lugs 33, two sowing connection lugs 30, two wire ropes 36 and two tensioning devices 20; a plurality of tension connection plates 37 are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the third turning beam 21; one end of each tension connecting plate 37 is fixed on the fourth cross beam 4, the other end is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the third rotating cross beam 21, and the third rotating cross beam 21 is rotatably connected to the tension connecting plates 37; a plurality of tensioning connection lugs 33 are all fixed on the third rotating beam 21, and the tensioning connection lugs 33 are arranged corresponding to the first sowing single bodies 9 or the second sowing single bodies 10; tension springs 31 are arranged between the first sowing single body 9 and the tensioning connecting lug 33 and between the second sowing single body 10 and the tensioning connecting lug 33; the two seeding connection lugs 30 are fixed on the left side and the right side of the middle part of the third rotating beam 21, the two tensioning devices 20 are fixed on the fourth beam 4, the tensioning devices 20 are positioned right above the seeding connection lugs 30, and each seeding connection lug 30 is correspondingly connected to the tensioning device 20 through a steel wire rope 36; the seeding connection lug 30 is obliquely and upwards arranged on the third rotating cross beam 21, and the tensioning connection lug 33 is obliquely and downwards arranged on the third rotating cross beam 21; the tensioning device 20 comprises a first side plate, a second side plate, a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, an adjustable bolt, a steel wire rope 36 and a fixed pulley; the first side plate and the second side plate are arranged in parallel; the middle parts of the first side plate and the second side plate are fixed on the fourth beam 4; the front end of the first side plate is connected with the front end of the second side plate through a first connecting plate, and the rear end of the first side plate is connected with the rear end of the second side plate through a second connecting plate; one end of an adjustable bolt is hinged to the rear end of the connecting body of the first side plate and the second side plate, and the front end of the adjustable bolt is hung on the seeding connecting lug 30 through a steel wire rope 36; the fixed pulley is rotatably connected between the front end of the first side plate and the front end of the second side plate, the fixed pulley is positioned at the lower side of the first connecting plate, and the steel wire rope 36 is connected to the fixed pulley in a rolling manner; the adjustable bolt comprises a connecting sleeve, a first screw rod, a second screw rod, a first connector and a second connector; threaded holes are respectively formed in two ends of the connecting sleeve, a through accommodating cavity is formed in the middle of the connecting sleeve, a first screw rod is connected in the threaded hole in one end of the connecting sleeve in a threaded mode, and a second screw rod is connected in the threaded hole in the other end of the connecting sleeve in a threaded mode; the end of the first screw rod departing from the connecting sleeve is fixed with a first connector, the end of the second screw rod departing from the connecting sleeve is fixed with a second connector, the second connector is hinged at the rear end of the first side plate and the second side plate connector, and the steel wire rope 36 is hung on the first connector by bypassing the fixed pulley.

The adjusting process of this embodiment is: when the pushing force of the seeding monomers needs to be adjusted, the whole length of the adjustable bolt is adjusted by screwing the connecting sleeve, and the lengths of different adjustable bolts correspond to the pretightening force of different tension springs 31, so that the adjustment of the pushing force of different seeding monomers is realized.

The beneficial effects in this embodiment are: the tension spring 31 is arranged, so that the limitation of the independent downward pressure of the single sowing body is realized, and the downward pressure of the single sowing body is adjusted according to the surface flatness; by arranging the fixed pulley, the abrasion of the steel wire rope 36 is reduced, and the smoothness of adjustment of the tensioning device 20 is improved; through set up first screw rod and second screw rod on adjustable bolt, when having realized adapter sleeve, the extension length of adjusting first screw rod and second screw rod simultaneously, and then realized the adjustment to the pretightning force of the free extension spring 31 of seeding to the regulation of the free overdraft of seeding has been realized.

Example 6

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a sowing apparatus in this embodiment includes all the technical features of embodiment 5, and in addition, includes a plurality of first supporting frames 34 and a plurality of second supporting frames 35; the number of the first supporting frames 34 is the same as that of the first sowing single bodies 9, and the number of the second supporting frames 35 is the same as that of the second sowing single bodies 10; the fourth beam 4 is of a square steel pipe structure, the diagonal line of the section of the fourth beam 4 is positioned in the vertical direction, a plurality of first support frames 34 are fixed on the front lower side surface of the fourth beam 4, a first sowing monomer 9 is hinged in each first support frame 34 through a single hinge, a plurality of second support frames 35 are fixed on the rear lower side surface of the fourth beam 4, and a second sowing monomer 10 is hinged in each second support frame 35 through a single hinge; as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the first sowing unit 9 comprises a unit hinge shaft 48, a first sowing connecting rod 49, a first fixing plate 50, a ditching disc 51, a first scraper 52, a seed pipe 53, a first baffle plate 57, a first wheel connecting plate 54, a first wheel scraper 55 and a seed pressing wheel 56; as shown in fig. 13 and 14, the second sowing unit 10 comprises a unit hinge shaft 48, a second sowing connecting rod 58, a second fixing plate 59, a ditching disc 51, a second scraper 60, a seed pipe 53, a second baffle plate 61, a second wheel connecting plate 62, a second wheel scraper 63 and a seed pressing wheel 56; the single articulated shaft 48 of the first sowing single body 9 is rotatably connected in the first support frame 34, one end of a first sowing connecting rod 49 is fixed on the outer side wall of the single articulated shaft 48, the other end of the first sowing connecting rod 49 is fixed with a first wheel connecting plate 54, the first wheel connecting plate 54 is rotatably connected with a pressure wheel 56, the middle part of the first sowing connecting rod 49 is fixed with a first fixing plate 50, the lower side of the first fixing plate 50 is rotatably connected with a ditching disc 51, a seed pipe 53 is arranged between the ditching disc 51 and the first fixing plate 50, the lower end of the first fixing plate 50 is fixed with a first baffle plate 57, the first baffle plate 57 is positioned at the outlet of the seed pipe 53, the first sowing connecting rod 49 is fixed with a first soil scraping knife 52 for removing soil adhered on the surface of the ditching disc 51, the lower end of the first soil scraping knife 52 is abutted on the disc 51, the first wheel connecting plate 54 is fixed with a first wheel scraping knife 55, the first wheel scraper 55 is used for removing the bonding soil on the wheel surface of the seed pressing wheel 56; the single body hinge shaft 48 of the second sowing single body 10 is rotatably connected in the second support frame 35, one end of a second sowing connecting rod 58 is fixed on the outer side wall of the single body hinge shaft 48, the other end of the second sowing connecting rod 58 is fixed with a second wheel connecting plate 62, the second wheel connecting plate 62 is rotatably connected with a seed pressing wheel 56, the middle part of the second sowing connecting rod 58 is fixed with a second fixing plate 59, the lower side of the second fixing plate 59 is rotatably connected with a ditching disc 51, a seed pipe 53 is arranged between the ditching disc 51 and the second fixing plate 59, the lower end of the second fixing plate 59 is fixed with a second seed stopping plate 61, the second seed stopping plate 61 is positioned at the outlet of the seed pipe 53, the second sowing connecting rod 58 is fixed with a second soil scraping knife 60 for removing the soil adhered on the surface of the ditching disc 51, the lower end of the second soil scraping knife 60 is abutted against the disc 51, the second wheel scraping plate 62 is fixed with, the second wheel scraper 63 is used for removing the bonding soil on the wheel surface of the seed pressing wheel 56; the direction of inclination of the ditching disk 51 of the first sowing unit 9 is opposite to the direction of inclination of the ditching disk 51 of the second sowing unit 10.

The beneficial effects in this embodiment are: the fourth cross beam 4 is of a square steel pipe structure, and the diagonal line of the cross section of the fourth cross beam 4 is vertically arranged, so that the bending moment resistance of the fourth cross beam 4 is obviously improved; by arranging the scraper, the ditching disc 51 is prevented from being bonded with soil in the working process, and the passing performance of the machine is improved; the seed baffle plate is arranged, so that the splashing of seeds in the sowing process is avoided; the seeds are stably fixed at the bottom of the seed ditch by arranging the seed pressing wheel 56; through setting up the wheel scraper, avoided the increase of resistance that pinch roller 56 bonded soil produced, avoided the dilatory phenomenon to the seed.

Example 7

As shown in fig. 3, a sowing method in the present embodiment uses a sowing apparatus in embodiments 1 to 6, and specifically includes the following steps:

step 1, adjusting the distance between the fertilizer applying single bodies, the seeding single bodies and the walking press wheels 8, arranging a plurality of first fertilizer applying single bodies 6 on a first cross beam 1 at equal intervals from the right side of the advancing direction of the seed sowing machine, arranging a plurality of second fertilizer applying single bodies 7 on a second cross beam 2 at equal intervals from the right side of the advancing direction of the seed sowing machine, wherein the second fertilizer applying single body 7 at the rightmost end on the second cross beam 2 is over against the second first fertilizer applying single body 6 at the rightmost end on the first cross beam 1, each walking press wheel 8 is over against the gap between the first fertilizer applying single body 6 and the second fertilizer applying single body 7, the second seeding single body 10 is over against the first fertilizer applying single body 6, and the first seeding single body 9 is over against the second fertilizer applying single body 7;

step 2, hanging the adjusted sowing equipment on a tractor, wherein the right side of the advancing direction of the sowing equipment is a first operation line, a first fertilizing monomer 6 and a second sowing monomer 10 are sequentially arranged on an odd operation line 15, and a second fertilizing monomer 7 and a first sowing monomer 9 are sequentially arranged on an even operation line 16;

step 3, throwing up the soil towards one side of the even operation lines 16 by the first fertilizing units 6 on the odd operation lines 15, throwing up the soil towards one side of the odd operation lines 15 by the second fertilizing units 7 on the even operation lines 16, and forming soil ridges between the odd operation lines 15 and the even operation lines 16;

step 4, rolling the soil ridge by the walking press wheel 8 to move forward, turning the soil on the right side of the soil ridge to the right for sowing back by the second sowing unit 10, and turning the soil on the left side of the soil ridge to the left for sowing back by the first sowing unit 9;

step 5, after the sowing single body advances, loose soil is arranged at the bottom of the seed ditch, and soil ridges on two sides of the seed ditch, which are positioned on the walking press wheel 8, pass through are compact soil, so that a soil structure with the loose soil rows and the compact soil rows alternately distributed in sequence is formed;

and 6, covering soil on the upper part of the seed furrow by the elastic teeth 14 and backfilling.

The beneficial effects in this embodiment are: by the process method, the development of the seedlings is ensured, and the adverse growth environment in dry seasons and waterlogging seasons is effectively resisted.

Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

In the present specification, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and the like are used for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantial changes in the technical content.

Claims

1. A sowing device is characterized by comprising a first cross beam (1), a second cross beam (2), a third cross beam (3), a fourth cross beam (4), a fifth cross beam (5), a plurality of first fertilizing single bodies (6), a plurality of second fertilizing single bodies (7), a plurality of walking press wheels (8), a plurality of first sowing single bodies (9), a plurality of second sowing single bodies (10), a wheel arm (19), a fertilizing pressure adjusting device (11), a connecting rod mechanism (12), a sowing pressure adjusting device (13) and a plurality of elastic teeth (14); the first beam (1), the second beam (2), the third beam (3), the fourth beam (4) and the fifth beam (5) are sequentially arranged in parallel at intervals from front to back, the first beam (1), the second beam (2) and the third beam (3) are all fixed on a frame of a seeder, the fourth beam (4) is connected with the third beam (3) through the seeding pressure adjusting device (13), and the fifth beam (5) is fixed on the fourth beam (4); the first beam (1) is provided with a plurality of first fertilization monomers (6), the second beam (2) is provided with a plurality of second fertilization monomers (7), the first beam (1) is provided with the fertilization pressure adjusting device (11) for adjusting the downward pressure of the first fertilization monomers (6) and the second fertilization monomers (7), and the first fertilization monomers (6) and the second fertilization monomers (7) are connected through the connecting rod mechanism (12); the third cross beam (3) is rotationally connected with a plurality of walking press wheels (8) through wheel arms (19) fixed at two ends of the third cross beam; a plurality of first sowing single bodies (9) and a plurality of second sowing single bodies (10) are arranged on the fourth cross beam (4), and the first sowing single bodies (9) are positioned on the front sides of the second sowing single bodies (10); a plurality of elastic teeth (14) are arranged on the fifth cross beam (5); the first fertilization monomers (6), the second fertilization monomers (7), the first sowing monomers (9), the second sowing monomers (10) and the elastic teeth (14) are same in quantity and are correspondingly arranged, the inclination direction of a ditching component of the first fertilization monomers (6) is opposite to that of a ditching component of the second fertilization monomers (7), the first fertilization monomers (6) and the second fertilization monomers (7) are sequentially and alternately arranged from right to left, the inclination direction of a ditching component of the first sowing monomers (9) is opposite to that of a ditching component of the second sowing monomers (10), the second sowing monomers (10) and the first sowing monomers (9) are sequentially and alternately arranged from right to left, the second sowing monomers (10) are opposite to the first fertilization monomers (6) and the inclination directions of ditching components of the second sowing monomers are opposite, the first sowing single body (9) is over against the second fertilizing single body (7), the inclination directions of the ditching parts of the first sowing single body and the second fertilizing single body are opposite, and the walking press wheel (8) is over against the gap between the first fertilizing single body (6) and the second fertilizing single body (7).

2. A sowing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a shock absorber (41), a first rotating beam (17) and a second rotating beam (18), the fertilizing pressure adjusting device (11) comprising a support plate (22), a fertilizing hydraulic cylinder (23) and a fertilizing engaging lug (24); the damping piece (41), the first rotating cross beam (17) and the second rotating cross beam (18) are all of a square steel tube structure, the first fertilization monomer (6) is connected to the first rotating cross beam (17) through the damping piece (41), the damping piece (41) on the first fertilization monomer (6) is sleeved on the first rotating cross beam (17), the second fertilization monomer (7) is connected to the second rotating cross beam (18) through the damping piece (41), and the damping piece (41) on the second fertilization monomer (7) is sleeved on the second rotating cross beam (18); the two supporting plates (22) are fixed on the first cross beam (1), the two fertilizing connecting lugs (24) are fixed on the first rotating cross beam (17), the supporting plates (22) and the fertilizing connecting lugs (24) are correspondingly arranged, the fixed end of the fertilizing hydraulic cylinder (23) is hinged to the upper end of the supporting plate (22), and the telescopic rod end of the fertilizing hydraulic cylinder (23) is hinged to the upper end of the fertilizing connecting lug (24); the two ends of the first rotating beam (17) and the second rotating beam (18) are connected through the connecting rod mechanism (12).

3. A sowing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the linkage mechanism (12) comprises a first connecting rod (38), a second connecting rod (40) and an intermediate connecting rod (39), the first connecting rod (38) is fixed to both ends of the first rotating beam (17), the second connecting rod (40) is fixed to both ends of the second rotating beam (18), one end of the intermediate connecting rod (39) is hinged to the first connecting rod (38), and the other end of the intermediate connecting rod (39) is hinged to the second connecting rod (40).

4. A sowing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the first fertilizer unit (6) comprises a first fertilizer plate (42), a first fertilizer baffle plate (45), a notched disc (44) and a fertilizer tube (43); the second fertilization monomer (7) comprises a second fertilization plate (46), a second fertilizer baffle plate (47), a notched disc (44) and a fertilizer pipe (43); the upper end of the first fertilization plate (42) is fixed on the shock absorption piece (41), the lower end of the first fertilization plate (42) is rotatably connected with the notched disc (44), the fertilizer pipe (43) is fixed on the first fertilization plate (42), the first fertilizer blocking plate (45) is fixed at the lower end of the first fertilization plate (42), and the fertilizer pipe (43) is arranged between the first fertilization plate (42) and the first fertilizer blocking plate (45); the upper end of the second fertilization plate (46) is fixed on the shock absorption piece (41), the lower end of the second fertilization plate (46) is rotatably connected with the notched disc (44), the fertilizer pipe (43) is fixed on the second fertilization plate (46), the second fertilizer baffle plate (47) is fixed at the lower end of the second fertilization plate (46), and the fertilizer pipe (43) is arranged between the second fertilization plate (46) and the second fertilizer baffle plate (47); the first fertilization board (42) and the second fertilization board (46) are symmetrically arranged, and the notched disc (44) on the first fertilization board (42) and the notched disc (44) on the second fertilization board (46) are symmetrically arranged.

5. A sowing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sowing pressure adjusting device (13) comprises a front link (25), a rear link (28), an upper link (26), a lower link (27), a sowing hydraulic cylinder (29) and a plurality of adjusting pads (32); two front connecting rods (25) are fixed on the third cross beam (3), the upper end of each front connecting rod (25) is hinged with the upper connecting rod (26), and the lower end of each front connecting rod (25) is hinged with the lower connecting rod (27); the upper end of the rear connecting rod (28) is hinged to the middle of the upper connecting rod (26), the middle of the rear connecting rod (28) is hinged to the rear end of the lower connecting rod (27), and the lower end of the rear connecting rod (28) is fixed on the fourth cross beam (4); the cylinder body end of the seeding hydraulic cylinder (29) is fixed on the fourth cross beam (4), and the telescopic rod end of the seeding hydraulic cylinder (29) is hinged to the rear end of the upper connecting rod (26); the fourth cross beam (4) is used for installing a plurality of first sowing single bodies (9) and a plurality of second sowing single bodies (10) in a single-hinge connection mode; the adjusting gaskets (32) are inserted into the telescopic rod of the seeding hydraulic cylinder (29), the adjusting gasket (32) at the upper end of the adjusting gaskets (32) abuts against the rear end of the upper connecting rod (26), and the adjusting gasket (32) at the lower end of the adjusting gaskets (32) abuts against the cylinder body of the seeding hydraulic cylinder (29).

6. A sowing apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a plurality of tensioning connection plates (37), a third turning beam (21), a tension spring (31), a plurality of tensioning connection lugs (33), two sowing connection lugs (30), two wire ropes (36) and two tensioning devices (20); the tensioning connecting plates (37) are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the third rotating beam (21); one end of each tensioning connecting plate (37) is fixed on the fourth cross beam (4), the other end of each tensioning connecting plate is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the third rotating cross beam (21), and the third rotating cross beam (21) is rotatably connected to the plurality of tensioning connecting plates (37); the tensioning connecting lugs (33) are all fixed on the third rotating cross beam (21), and the tensioning connecting lugs (33) are arranged corresponding to the first sowing single body (9) or the second sowing single body (10); the tension springs (31) are arranged between the first sowing single body (9) and the tensioning connecting lug (33) and between the second sowing single body (10) and the tensioning connecting lug (33); the two seeding connection lugs (30) are fixed on the left side and the right side of the middle of the third rotating cross beam (21), the two tensioning devices (20) are fixed on the fourth cross beam (4), the tensioning devices (20) are located right above the seeding connection lugs (30), and each seeding connection lug (30) is correspondingly connected to the tensioning device (20) through the steel wire rope (36); the seeding connection lug (30) is obliquely and upwards arranged on the third rotating cross beam (21), and the tensioning connection lug (33) is obliquely and downwards arranged on the third rotating cross beam (21).

7. A sowing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the tensioning device (20) comprises a first side plate, a second side plate, a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, an adjustable bolt, a wire rope (36) and a fixed pulley; the first side plate and the second side plate are arranged in parallel; the middle parts of the first side plate and the second side plate are fixed on the fourth cross beam (4); the front end of the first side plate is connected with the front end of the second side plate through the first connecting plate, and the rear end of the first side plate is connected with the rear end of the second side plate through the second connecting plate; one end of the adjustable bolt is hinged to the rear ends of the first side plate and the second side plate connecting body, and the front end of the adjustable bolt is hung on the seeding connecting lug (30) through the steel wire rope (36); the fixed pulley rotates to be connected between the front end of the first side plate and the front end of the second side plate, the fixed pulley is located on the lower side of the first connecting plate, and the steel wire rope (36) is connected to the fixed pulley in a rolling mode.

8. A sowing apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a plurality of first support brackets (34) and a plurality of second support brackets (35); the number of the first supporting frames (34) is the same as that of the first sowing single bodies (9), and the number of the second supporting frames (35) is the same as that of the second sowing single bodies (10); fourth crossbeam (4) are square steel tube structure, the cross-section diagonal of fourth crossbeam (4) is located the vertical direction, the preceding downside of fourth crossbeam (4) is fixed with a plurality ofly first support frame (34), every it is articulated to have single hinge in first support frame (34) first seeding monomer (9), the back downside of fourth crossbeam (4) is fixed with a plurality ofly second support frame (35), every it is articulated to have single hinge in second support frame (35) second seeding monomer (10).

9. A sowing apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the first sowing unit (9) comprises a unit hinge shaft (48), a first sowing connecting rod (49), a first fixing plate (50), a ditching disc (51), a first scraper (52), a seed pipe (53), a first seed baffle plate (57), a first wheel connecting plate (54), a first scraper (55) and a seed pressing wheel (56); the second sowing single body (10) comprises a single body hinge shaft (48), a second sowing connecting rod (58), a second fixing plate (59), a ditching disc (51), a second soil scraper (60), a seed pipe (53), a second baffle plate (61), a second wheel connecting plate (62), a second wheel scraper (63) and a seed pressing wheel (56); the single body hinge shaft (48) of the first seeding single body (9) is rotatably connected in the first support frame (34), one end of the first seeding connecting rod (49) is fixed on the outer side wall of the single body hinge shaft (48), the other end of the first seeding connecting rod (49) is fixed with the first wheel connecting plate (54), the first wheel connecting plate (54) is rotatably connected with the seed pressing wheel (56), the middle part of the first seeding connecting rod (49) is fixed with the first fixing plate (50), the lower side of the first fixing plate (50) is rotatably connected with the ditching disc (51), the pipe (53) is arranged between the ditching disc (51) and the first fixing plate (50), the lower end of the first fixing plate (50) is fixed with the first baffle plate (57), and the first baffle plate (57) is positioned at the outlet of the pipe (53), the first soil scraping knife (52) used for removing soil bonded on the surface of the ditching disc (51) is fixed on the first sowing connecting rod (49), the lower end of the first soil scraping knife (52) abuts against the ditching disc (51), the first wheel scraper (55) is fixed on the first wheel connecting plate (54), and the first wheel scraper (55) is used for removing the bonded soil on the wheel surface of the wheel pressing wheel (56); the single body hinge shaft (48) of the second sowing single body (10) is rotatably connected in the second support frame (35), one end of the second sowing connecting rod (58) is fixed on the outer side wall of the single body hinge shaft (48), the other end of the second sowing connecting rod (58) is fixed with the second wheel connecting plate (62), the second wheel connecting plate (62) is rotatably connected with the seed pressing wheel (56), the middle part of the second sowing connecting rod (58) is fixed with the second fixing plate (59), the lower side of the second fixing plate (59) is rotatably connected with the ditching disc (51), the pipe (53) is arranged between the ditching disc (51) and the second fixing plate (59), the lower end of the second fixing plate (59) is fixed with the second baffle plate (61), and the second baffle plate (61) is positioned at the outlet of the pipe (53), the second soil scraper (60) for removing the soil bonded on the surface of the ditching disc (51) is fixed on the second seeding connecting rod (58), the lower end of the second soil scraper (60) abuts against the ditching disc (51), the second wheel scraper (63) is fixed on the second wheel connecting plate (62), and the second wheel scraper (63) is used for removing the bonded soil on the wheel surface of the seed pressing wheel (56); the inclination direction of the ditching disc (51) of the first sowing unit (9) is opposite to that of the ditching disc (51) of the second sowing unit (10).

10. An agricultural sowing method, characterized in that the sowing equipment of any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, and the method comprises the following steps:

step 1, adjusting the distance between a fertilization monomer, a sowing monomer and a walking press wheel (8), arranging a plurality of first fertilization monomers (6) on a first cross beam (1) at equal intervals from the right side of the advancing direction of a sowing machine, arranging a plurality of second fertilization monomers (7) on a second cross beam (2) at equal intervals from the right side of the advancing direction of the sowing machine, arranging a second fertilization monomer (7) at the rightmost end on the second cross beam (2) right opposite to a second first fertilization monomer (6) at the rightmost end on the first cross beam (1), arranging each walking press wheel (8) right opposite to the gap between the first fertilization monomer (6) and the second fertilization monomer (7), arranging a second sowing monomer (10) right opposite to the first fertilization monomer (6), and arranging a first sowing monomer (9) right opposite to the second fertilization monomer (7);

step 2, hanging the adjusted sowing equipment on a tractor, wherein the right side of the advancing direction of the sowing equipment is a first operation line, a first fertilizing monomer (6) and a second sowing monomer (10) are sequentially arranged on an odd operation line (15), and a second fertilizing monomer (7) and a first sowing monomer (9) are sequentially arranged on an even operation line (16);

step 3, throwing up soil towards one side of the even operation rows (16) by the first fertilizing units (6) on the odd operation rows (15), throwing up soil towards one side of the odd operation rows (15) by the second fertilizing units (7) on the even operation rows (16), and forming soil ridges between the odd operation rows (15) and the even operation rows (16);

step 4, rolling the soil ridge by the walking press wheel (8) to move forward, turning the soil on the right side of the soil ridge to the right side and sowing the soil back, and turning the soil on the left side of the soil ridge to the left side and sowing the soil back by the first sowing unit (9);

step 5, after the sowing monomer advances, loose soil is arranged at the bottom of the seed ditch, and soil ridges on the two sides of the seed ditch, which are positioned on the walking press wheels (8), pass through are compact soil, so that a soil structure with the loose soil rows and the compact soil rows alternately distributed in sequence is formed;

and 6, covering soil above the seed furrow with the elastic teeth (14) and backfilling.