CN111063908A - Heat-storage light bipolar plate and working method thereof - Google Patents
Heat-storage light bipolar plate and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111063908A CN111063908A CN201911111357.6A CN201911111357A CN111063908A CN 111063908 A CN111063908 A CN 111063908A CN 201911111357 A CN201911111357 A CN 201911111357A CN 111063908 A CN111063908 A CN 111063908A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- oxidant
- fuel
- plate
- flow channel
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0232—Metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0241—Composites
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat-storage light bipolar plate and a working method thereof, wherein the heat-storage light bipolar plate comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate, and the design that the flow direction of cooling liquid is vertical to the flow direction of fuel is adopted, so that the whole field average process of heat is accelerated, and the problem of local overheating of the bipolar plate is solved; the invention adopts the foam metal material to fill the phase-change material, so as to manufacture the bipolar plate with the heat-storage light-weight characteristic, and simultaneously utilizes the characteristics of the material with high heat conductivity coefficient to solve the problems of slow heat absorption and poor heat absorption effect of a single phase-change material, thereby accelerating the process of heat absorption by the phase-change material; the invention can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of reactant energy, not only outputs electric energy outwards, but also stores waste heat through the phase-change material as a heat-preservation heat source in the standby process of the galvanic pile, saves energy and simultaneously improves the quick response characteristic of the restarting of the galvanic pile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrochemical reaction devices, in particular to a heat-storage light bipolar plate and a working method thereof.
Background
The traditional fossil energy has the characteristics of high emission, high pollution, low thermodynamic efficiency and the like due to the utilization mode, and is not dominant in the clean and efficient utilization of energy. New energy and new energy utilization modes are widely researched at home and abroad, wherein the electrochemical reaction device is emphasized due to the characteristic of direct conversion of chemical energy and electric energy. The electrochemical reaction device includes an electrochemical power generation device represented by a fuel cell and an electrochemical energy storage device represented by a flow battery. The fuel cell is a high-efficiency clean pollution-free electrochemical reactor for directly converting chemical energy into electric energy, has the characteristics of high thermal efficiency, low emission, even zero emission and the like, can be assembled in a modularized way, and is a hotspot for research in the field of energy sources. The redox flow battery is provided with anode and cathode electrolytes respectively, and the electrolytes are respectively circulated, and charge and discharge are realized by utilizing the valence state change, so that the electrochemical energy storage device has the advantages of high capacity, wide application range and long service life. Meanwhile, the electrochemical reaction device can be used as a distributed energy source to be arranged in a community, a factory, a remote area and the like to be used as a standby power source or a local area power supply point by itself or organically combined with other new energy sources.
And the bipolar plate is a key device of the fuel cell and the flow battery. The bipolar plate is distributed with an anode flow field, a cathode flow field and a cooling liquid flow field, and the anode flow field and the cathode flow field play a role in distributing reactants, so that the concentration of the reactants at each position on the reaction area is uniformly and reasonably distributed. Meanwhile, the bipolar plate also plays the roles of collecting current and conducting heat, and influences the output performance of the battery and the water heat management. In addition, the bipolar plate also plays a role of supporting a diffusion layer and a catalytic layer, and is a skeleton structure of the electrochemical reaction device. Light weight and high reliability are important directions for the development of the bipolar plate structure, and the development of the electrochemical reaction device towards weight reduction, integration and compactness is promoted. In the prior art, metal, graphite or graphite composite plates are adopted to manufacture the bipolar plates, which have the problems of heavy weight, low heat capacity and the like, and have the problems of difficult processing, complex processing steps and the like.
Uneven temperature distribution and local overheating are important factors influencing the use safety and the service life of the electrochemical reaction device. Only by means of reasonable cooling liquid flow field design, the influence of nonuniform temperature distribution on each part of the reaction area can be reduced unilaterally, and the problem of heat management cannot be solved from the aspect of hardware. In addition, in the process of converting chemical energy into electric energy, a part of energy is released outwards in the form of heat energy and cannot be utilized, so that the overall energy utilization efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a heat-storage light bipolar plate and a working method thereof, which solve the problem of local overheating of an electrochemical reaction device and improve the quick response characteristic of restarting of a galvanic pile.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a heat-storage light bipolar plate comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate, wherein a runner is etched on one surface of the cathode plate, a runner is etched on the two surfaces of the anode plate, and the cathode plate and the anode plate are tightly bonded through a binder to form the whole bipolar plate; an oxidant liquid distribution cavity, a cooling liquid distribution cavity and a fuel liquid distribution cavity which penetrate through the cathode plate and the anode plate are sequentially arranged on the cathode plate and the anode plate close to one side, and a fuel liquid collection cavity, a cooling liquid collection cavity and an oxidant liquid collection cavity which penetrate through the cathode plate and the anode plate are sequentially arranged on the cathode plate and the anode plate close to the other side;
the main body area of the front surface of the cathode plate is provided with an oxidant runner, two ends of the oxidant runner are respectively communicated with the oxidant liquid distribution cavity and the oxidant liquid collection cavity, and the oxidant runner is formed by separating evenly arranged oxidant runner ribbed plates protruding from the surface of the cathode plate;
the cooling liquid flow channel is formed by uniformly arranging cooling liquid flow channel rib plates protruding from the surface of the anode plate in a separating manner, one end of the cooling liquid flow channel is connected with the cooling liquid distribution cavity, and the other end of the cooling liquid flow channel is connected with the cooling liquid collection cavity; the fuel flow channel is formed by uniformly arranging fuel flow channel rib plates protruding from the surface of the anode plate in a separating way;
the flow direction of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid channel on the front surface of the anode plate is vertical to the flow direction of the oxidant in the oxidant channel on the front surface of the cathode plate, and the flow direction of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid channel on the front surface of the anode plate is vertical to the flow direction of the fuel in the fuel channel on the back surface of the anode plate;
the cathode plate and the anode plate main body are composed of foam metal layers, and phase-change materials are filled in the foam metal layers.
Further, the ratio of the thickness of the cathode plate to the anode plate is 2: 3.
Furthermore, the depth and width dimensions of the rib plate of the oxidant flow passage and the rib plate of the oxidant flow passage are equal, the depth and width dimensions of the rib plate of the fuel flow passage and the rib plate of the fuel flow passage are equal, and the depth and width dimensions of the rib plate of the cooling liquid flow passage and the rib plate of the cooling liquid flow passage are equal.
Furthermore, the tail end of an oxidant runner close to the oxidant liquid distribution cavity on the cathode plate is provided with an oxidant liquid distribution via hole, and the tail end of the oxidant runner close to the oxidant liquid collection cavity is provided with an oxidant liquid collection via hole; the front surface of the anode plate is connected with the oxidant liquid distribution cavity and is provided with an oxidant inlet channel, and the anode plate is connected with the oxidant liquid collection cavity and is provided with an oxidant outlet channel; the oxidant liquid distribution conducting hole penetrates through the cathode plate and is communicated with the oxidant flow channel and the oxidant inlet flow channel, and the oxidant liquid collection conducting hole penetrates through the cathode plate and is communicated with the oxidant flow channel and the oxidant outlet flow channel;
the tail end of the fuel flow channel on the anode plate, which is close to the fuel liquid distribution cavity, is provided with a fuel liquid distribution via hole, and the tail end of the fuel flow channel, which is close to the fuel liquid collection cavity, is provided with a fuel liquid collection via hole; the front side of the anode plate is connected with the fuel liquid distribution cavity and is provided with a fuel inlet channel, and the front side of the anode plate is connected with the fuel liquid collection cavity and is provided with a fuel outlet channel; the fuel liquid distributing through hole penetrates through the anode plate and is communicated with the fuel flow channel and the fuel inlet channel, and the fuel liquid collecting through hole penetrates through the anode plate and is communicated with the fuel flow channel and the fuel outlet channel.
Furthermore, the porosity of the foam metal layer is 0.50-0.95.
Further, the foam metal layer is made of metal or alloy material such as copper, aluminum or titanium.
Furthermore, the melting point of the phase-change material is 50-80 ℃.
Further, the phase change material is paraffin.
Furthermore, after the foam metal layer is etched through the flow channel and filled with the phase-change material, the outer surface is subjected to skin-forming sealing treatment to ensure that the outer surface is continuous and the phase-change material cannot be leaked.
A working method of a heat-storage light bipolar plate comprises the following steps:
step S100: fuel and oxidant are distributed evenly into the electrodes: the oxidant pumped from the outside enters the oxidant liquid distribution cavity and then enters a plurality of oxidant runners which are arranged in a snake shape in parallel, and under the action of concentration difference between the oxidant runners and the cathode electrode, the oxidant diffuses into the membrane electrode and generates electrochemical reaction under the action of a catalyst; the fuel pumped from the outside enters the fuel liquid distribution cavity and then enters the fuel flow channels which are arranged in a multi-path parallel serpentine way, and under the action of concentration difference between the fuel flow channels and the anode electrode, the fuel diffuses into the membrane electrode and generates electrochemical reaction under the action of a catalyst;
step S200: electrochemical reaction in the membrane electrode: the cathode oxidant generates electrochemical reaction under the catalytic action of the catalyst to generate a cathode product; the fuel is subjected to electrochemical reaction under the catalytic action of a catalyst to generate an anode product; the temperature of the bipolar plate which emits heat when electrochemical reaction occurs in the cathode and the anode rises;
step S300: product and unreacted reactants exit the electrode: under the action of capillary force or concentration difference, cathode products enter the oxidant flow channel through the seepage diffusion effect and enter the oxidant liquid collecting cavity under the driving of pressure difference; under the action of capillary force or concentration difference, anode products enter the fuel flow channel through the seepage diffusion effect and enter the fuel liquid collecting cavity under the driving of pressure difference;
step S400: the foam metal layer and the phase-change material therein work: the heat released by the electrochemical reaction in the membrane electrode is transmitted to the phase-change material through the oxidant runner, the oxidant runner rib plate, the fuel runner and the wall surface of the fuel runner rib plate in a heat conduction mode through the foam metal layer framework and is absorbed by the phase-change material; the phase-change material absorbs heat and then generates phase-change reaction, so that the temperature of the bipolar plate is inhibited from rising, and the temperature of the local area of the bipolar plate is uniform;
step S500: temperature of the coolant-homogenized bipolar plate: cooling liquid enters the cooling liquid distribution cavity through an external pump, flows through the cooling liquid flow channels which are arranged in a serpentine shape in parallel and then enters the cooling liquid collection cavity; in the flowing process, the cooling liquid and the wall surface of the cooling liquid flow passage fully exchange heat, and the temperature of the bipolar plate is maintained within a working temperature range suitable for the catalyst;
step S600: the phase-change material in the in-board cavity works in the process of restarting the electric pile: and in the standby state of the galvanic pile, the phase-change material emits heat outwards and transfers the heat outwards through the foam metal layer framework to ensure the quick response of the galvanic pile in the restarting process of the galvanic pile.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
1. the design that the flow direction of the cooling liquid is vertical to the flow direction of the fuel is adopted, the whole field averaging process of heat is accelerated, and the problem of local overheating of the bipolar plate is solved;
2. the invention adopts the foam metal material to fill the phase-change material, so as to manufacture the bipolar plate with the heat-storage light-weight characteristic, and simultaneously utilizes the characteristic of the material with high heat conductivity coefficient to solve the problem of poor slow heat absorption effect of the single phase-change material, thereby accelerating the process of heat absorption by the phase-change material;
3. the invention can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of reactant energy, not only outputs electric energy outwards, but also stores waste heat through the phase-change material as a heat-preservation heat source in the standby process of the galvanic pile, saves energy and simultaneously improves the quick response characteristic of the restarting of the galvanic pile;
4. the invention adopts the non-equal-thickness cathode plate and the anode plate to bond to form the bipolar plate, the single-side processing of the cathode plate and the double-side processing of the anode plate optimize the process and reduce the processing cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a cathode plate according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the back of the cathode plate of a preferred embodiment of the invention;
figure 3 is a schematic front view of an anode plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
figure 4 is a schematic view of the back side of an anode plate according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a dispensing through hole in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid collection through-hole of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the middle of a stack in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bipolar plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fuel cell incorporating a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a cathode plate; 2-an anode plate; 3-an oxidant liquid preparation cavity; 4-an oxidant liquid collection chamber; 5-fuel liquid distribution cavity; 6-fuel liquid collection cavity; 7-cooling liquid preparation cavity; 8-a cooling liquid collection cavity; 9-oxidant liquid distribution via hole; 10-oxidant liquid collection via; 11-an oxidant flow channel; 12-oxidant flow channel rib; 13-oxidant inlet channel; 14-an oxidant outlet channel; 15-a fuel inlet channel; 16-a fuel outlet channel; 17-fuel liquid distribution via holes; 18-fuel collection via; 19-coolant flow channels; 20-coolant runner ribs; 21-a fuel flow channel; 22-fuel flow path rib; 23-a foam metal layer; 24-a phase change material; 25-membrane electrode.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the invention thereto.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.
Referring to fig. 1-4, a heat-storage light bipolar plate comprises a cathode plate 1 and an anode plate 2, wherein a single-sided etching flow channel of the cathode plate 1 and a double-sided etching flow channel of the anode plate 2 are respectively formed, the ratio of the thickness of the cathode plate 1 to the thickness of the anode plate 2 is 2:3, and the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2 are tightly bonded through a binder to form the whole bipolar plate; an oxidant liquid distribution cavity 3, a cooling liquid distribution cavity 7 and a fuel liquid distribution cavity 5 which penetrate through the cathode plate 1 are sequentially arranged on one side, which is close to the cathode plate 1, and a fuel liquid collection cavity 6, a cooling liquid collection cavity 8 and an oxidant liquid collection cavity 4 which penetrate through the cathode plate 1 are sequentially arranged on the other side, which is close to the cathode plate 1; oxidant runners 11 are distributed in the main body area of the front surface of the cathode plate 1, and the oxidant runners 11 are formed by uniformly arranged oxidant runner rib plates 12 protruding on the surface of the cathode plate 1 in a separating mode; an oxidant liquid distribution conducting hole 9 is formed in the tail end of the oxidant flow channel 11, close to the oxidant liquid distribution cavity 3, of the negative plate 1, an oxidant liquid collection conducting hole 10 is formed in the tail end of the oxidant flow channel 11, close to the oxidant liquid collection cavity 4, of the negative plate 1, and the oxidant liquid distribution conducting hole 9 and the oxidant liquid collection conducting hole 10 penetrate through the negative plate 1.
The positions of the anode plate 2 and the cathode plate are correspondingly provided with an oxidant liquid distribution cavity 3, a cooling liquid distribution cavity 7 and a fuel liquid distribution cavity 5 which penetrate through the anode plate 2 in sequence near one side, and a fuel liquid collection cavity 6, a cooling liquid collection cavity 8 and an oxidant liquid collection cavity 4 which penetrate through the anode plate 2 in sequence near the other side; a cooling liquid flow channel 19 is distributed in the main body area of the front surface of the anode plate 2, one end of the cooling liquid flow channel 19 is connected with the cooling liquid distribution cavity 7, the other end of the cooling liquid flow channel 19 is connected with the cooling liquid collection cavity 8, and the cooling liquid flow channel 19 is formed by partitioning the same uniformly arranged cooling liquid flow channel rib plates 20 protruding on the surface of the anode plate 2; the front surface of the anode plate 2 is connected with the oxidant liquid distribution cavity 3 and is provided with an oxidant inlet channel 13, the front surface of the anode plate is connected with the oxidant liquid collection cavity 4 and is provided with an oxidant outlet channel 14, the front surface of the anode plate is connected with the fuel liquid distribution cavity 5 and is provided with a fuel inlet channel 15, and the front surface of the anode plate is connected with the fuel liquid collection cavity 6 and is provided with a fuel outlet channel 16; fuel flow channels 21 are distributed in the main body area of the back of the anode plate 2, and the fuel flow channels 21 are formed by separating raised fuel flow channel rib plates 22 on the surface of the anode plate 2 which are uniformly arranged; the tail end of a fuel flow channel 21 adjacent to the fuel distribution cavity 5 on the anode plate 2 is provided with a fuel distribution via hole 17, the tail end of the fuel flow channel 21 adjacent to the fuel collection cavity 6 is provided with a fuel collection via hole 18, and the fuel distribution via hole 17 and the fuel collection via hole 18 penetrate through the anode plate 2; the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2 are mainly composed of a foam metal layer 23, and a phase change material 24 is filled in the foam metal layer 23.
The oxidant liquid distributing through hole 9 penetrates through the cathode plate 1 and is communicated with the oxidant flow channel 11 and the oxidant inlet flow channel 13, the oxidant liquid collecting through hole 10 penetrates through the cathode plate 1 and is communicated with the oxidant flow channel 11 and the oxidant outlet flow channel 14, the fuel liquid distributing through hole 17 penetrates through the anode plate 2 and is communicated with the fuel flow channel 21 and the fuel inlet flow channel 15, and the fuel liquid collecting through hole 18 penetrates through the anode plate 2 and is communicated with the fuel flow channel 21 and the fuel outlet flow channel 16.
Referring to fig. 7, the coolant flow direction in the coolant flow channel 19 of the main area of the front surface of the anode plate 2 is perpendicular to the oxidant flow direction in the oxidant flow channel 11 of the front surface of the cathode plate 1, and the coolant flow direction in the coolant flow channel 19 of the main area of the front surface of the anode plate 2 is perpendicular to the fuel flow direction in the fuel flow channel 21 of the rear surface of the anode plate 1.
Referring to fig. 8, the oxidant flow path ribs 11 and the oxidant flow path ribs 12 are equal in depth and width dimensions, the fuel flow path ribs 21 and the fuel flow path ribs 22 are equal in depth and width dimensions, and the coolant flow path ribs 19 and the coolant flow path ribs 20 are equal in depth and width dimensions. The porosity of the foam metal layer 23 is 0.50-0.95, and the foam metal layer 23 is a copper material with high thermal conductivity. The phase-change material 24 filled in the foam metal layer 23 is a paraffin wax material with large phase-change latent heat, stable chemical property and a melting point of 50-80 ℃. After the steps of etching the foam metal layer 23 through the flow channel and filling the phase-change material 24, the outer surface is subjected to skin-forming sealing treatment to ensure that the outer surface is continuous and the phase-change material 24 cannot leak.
Referring to fig. 9, 2 bipolar plates are sequentially combined, and a membrane electrode 25 is placed between the two bipolar plates to form a main assembly of a fuel cell stack.
Referring to fig. 1-9, the method of operation includes the steps of:
step S100: fuel and oxidant are distributed evenly into the electrodes: the oxidant pumped from the outside enters the oxidant liquid distribution cavity 3, flows through the oxidant inlet channel 13 and the oxidant liquid distribution through hole 9 in sequence, enters the oxidant channels 11 which are arranged in a multi-path parallel serpentine shape, and diffuses into the membrane electrode under the action of concentration difference between the oxidant channels 11 and the cathode electrode and generates electrochemical reaction under the action of a catalyst; the fuel pumped from the outside enters the fuel liquid distribution cavity 5, flows through the fuel inlet channel 15 and the fuel liquid distribution via hole 17 in sequence, enters the fuel channel 21 which is arranged in a multi-path parallel serpentine shape, and diffuses into the membrane electrode under the action of concentration difference between the fuel channel 21 and the anode electrode and generates electrochemical reaction under the action of a catalyst.
Step S200: electrochemical reaction in the membrane electrode: the cathode oxidant generates electrochemical reaction under the catalytic action of the catalyst to generate a cathode product; the fuel is subjected to electrochemical reaction under the catalytic action of a catalyst to generate an anode product; the bipolar plate is heated by heat released while electrochemical reactions occur in the cathode and the anode.
Step S300: product and unreacted reactants exit the electrode: under the action of capillary force or concentration difference, the cathode product enters the oxidant flow channel 11 through the seepage diffusion effect, and then flows through the oxidant liquid collecting conducting hole 10 and the oxidant outlet flow channel 14 to enter the oxidant liquid collecting cavity 4 under the driving of pressure difference; under the action of capillary force or concentration difference, the anode product enters the fuel flow channel 21 through seepage diffusion effect, and flows through the fuel liquid collecting through hole 18 and the fuel outlet flow channel 16 to enter the fuel liquid collecting cavity 6 under the driving of pressure difference.
Step S400: the foam metal layer and the phase-change material therein work: the heat released by the electrochemical reaction in the membrane electrode is transmitted to the phase-change material 24 through the wall surfaces of the oxidant runner 11, the oxidant runner rib 12, the fuel runner 21 and the fuel runner rib 22 in a heat conduction mode through the framework of the foam metal layer 23 and is absorbed by the phase-change material 24; the phase change material 24 absorbs heat and then generates phase change reaction, so that the temperature of the bipolar plate is inhibited from rising, and the temperature of the local area of the bipolar plate is uniform; the foamed metal layer 23 accelerates the heat transfer process into the phase change material 24 due to its high thermal conductivity.
Step S500: temperature of the coolant-homogenized bipolar plate: the cooling liquid enters the cooling liquid distribution cavity 7 through an external pump, flows through the cooling liquid flow channels 19 which are arranged in a multi-path parallel serpentine shape, and then enters the cooling liquid collection cavity 8; in the flowing process, the cooling liquid and the wall surface of the cooling liquid flow channel 19 fully exchange heat, so that not only is the heat of the area with high reactant concentration, fast reaction and high temperature carried away and conveyed to the area with relatively low temperature so as to homogenize the temperature of the bipolar plate, but also the redundant heat of the whole bipolar plate is carried away from the bipolar plate, and the temperature of the bipolar plate is maintained in the working temperature interval suitable for the catalyst; the multiple parallel serpentine coolant channels 19 are perpendicular to the oxidant channels 11 and the fuel channels 21 so that the coolant balances the temperature distribution within the bipolar plate at maximum velocity and efficiency.
Step S600: the phase-change material in the in-board cavity works in the process of restarting the electric pile: in the standby state of the stack, the phase-change material 24 emits heat outwards and transfers the heat outwards through the framework of the foam metal layer 23, so that the temperature of the bipolar plate is maintained, and the quick response capability of the stack in the process of restarting the stack is ensured.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A heat-storage light bipolar plate is characterized in that: the bipolar plate comprises a cathode plate (1) and an anode plate (2), wherein a runner is etched on one surface of the cathode plate (1), a runner is etched on the two surfaces of the anode plate (2), and the cathode plate (1) and the anode plate (2) are tightly bonded through a bonding agent to form the whole bipolar plate; an oxidant liquid distribution cavity (3), a cooling liquid distribution cavity (7) and a fuel liquid distribution cavity (5) which penetrate through the cathode plate (1) and the anode plate (2) are sequentially arranged on the cathode plate (1) and the anode plate (2) close to one side, and a fuel liquid collection cavity (6), a cooling liquid collection cavity (8) and an oxidant liquid collection cavity (4) which penetrate through the cathode plate (1) and the anode plate (2) are sequentially arranged on the cathode plate (1) and the anode plate (2) close to the other side;
an oxidant runner (11) with two ends respectively communicated with the oxidant liquid distribution cavity (3) and the oxidant liquid collection cavity (4) is distributed in the main body area of the front surface of the cathode plate (1), and the oxidant runner (11) is formed by uniformly arranged oxidant runner rib plates (12) protruding from the surface of the cathode plate (1) in a separating mode;
cooling liquid flow channels (19) are distributed in the main body area of the front face of the anode plate (2), the cooling liquid flow channels (19) are formed by uniformly arranged cooling liquid flow channel rib plates (20) protruding from the surface of the anode plate (2) in a separating mode, one end of each cooling liquid flow channel (19) is connected with the cooling liquid distribution cavity (7), and the other end of each cooling liquid flow channel (19) is connected with the cooling liquid collection cavity (8); the fuel flow channel (21) with two ends respectively communicated with the fuel liquid distribution cavity (5) and the fuel liquid collection cavity (6) is distributed in the main body area on the back of the anode plate (2), and the fuel flow channel (21) is formed by uniformly arranged fuel flow channel rib plates (22) protruding from the surface of the anode plate (2) in a separating mode;
the flow direction of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid flow channel (19) on the front surface of the anode plate (2) is vertical to the flow direction of the oxidant in the oxidant flow channel (11) on the front surface of the cathode plate (1), and the flow direction of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid flow channel (19) on the front surface of the anode plate (2) is vertical to the flow direction of the fuel in the fuel flow channel (21) on the back surface of the anode plate (1);
the main bodies of the cathode plate (1) and the anode plate (2) are composed of foam metal layers (23), and phase-change materials (24) are filled in the foam metal layers (23).
2. The heat-storage lightweight bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein: the thickness ratio of the cathode plate (1) to the anode plate (2) is 2: 3.
3. The heat-storage lightweight bipolar plate of claim 2, wherein: the oxidant runner (11) and the oxidant runner rib (12) have the same depth and width dimensions, the fuel runner (21) and the fuel runner rib (22) have the same depth and width dimensions, and the coolant runner (19) and the coolant runner rib (20) have the same depth and width dimensions.
4. The heat-storage lightweight bipolar plate of claim 3, wherein: the tail end of an oxidant flow channel (11) at the position, adjacent to the oxidant liquid distribution cavity (3), of the cathode plate (1) is provided with an oxidant liquid distribution through hole (9), and the tail end of the oxidant flow channel (11) at the position, adjacent to the oxidant liquid collection cavity (4), of the cathode plate is provided with an oxidant liquid collection through hole (10); the front surface of the anode plate (2) is connected with the oxidant liquid distribution cavity (3) and is provided with an oxidant inlet channel (13), and the front surface of the anode plate is connected with the oxidant liquid collection cavity (4) and is provided with an oxidant outlet channel (14); the oxidant liquid distribution conducting hole (9) penetrates through the cathode plate (1) and is communicated with the oxidant flow channel (11) and the oxidant inlet flow channel (13), and the oxidant liquid collection conducting hole (10) penetrates through the cathode plate (1) and is communicated with the oxidant flow channel (11) and the oxidant outlet flow channel (14);
the tail end of a fuel flow channel (21) close to the fuel liquid distribution cavity (5) on the anode plate (2) is provided with a fuel liquid distribution through hole (17), and the tail end of the fuel flow channel (21) close to the fuel liquid collection cavity (6) is provided with a fuel liquid collection through hole (18); the front surface of the anode plate (2) is connected with the fuel liquid distribution cavity (5) and is provided with a fuel inlet channel (15), and the front surface of the anode plate is connected with the fuel liquid collection cavity (6) and is provided with a fuel outlet channel (16); the fuel liquid distribution through hole (17) penetrates through the anode plate (2) and is communicated with the fuel flow channel (21) and the fuel inlet flow channel (15), and the fuel liquid collection through hole (18) penetrates through the anode plate (2) and is communicated with the fuel flow channel (21) and the fuel outlet flow channel (16).
5. The heat-storage lightweight bipolar plate of claim 4, wherein: the porosity of the foam metal layer (23) is 0.50-0.95.
6. The heat-storage lightweight bipolar plate of claim 5, wherein: the foam metal layer (23) is made of metal or alloy materials such as copper, aluminum or titanium.
7. The heat-storage lightweight bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein: the melting point of the phase-change material (24) is 50-80 ℃.
8. The heat-storage lightweight bipolar plate of claim 2, wherein: the phase change material (24) is paraffin.
9. A heat-storing lightweight bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: after the foam metal layer (23) is etched through a flow channel and is filled with the phase-change material (24), the outer surface is subjected to skin-forming sealing treatment to ensure that the outer surface is continuous and the phase-change material (24) cannot be leaked.
10. The method of operating a heat-storing lightweight bipolar plate as claimed in claims 1 to 9, characterized by the steps of:
step S100: fuel and oxidant are distributed evenly into the electrodes: the oxidant pumped from the outside enters the oxidant liquid distribution cavity (3) and then enters a plurality of oxidant runners (11) which are arranged in a snake shape in parallel, and under the action of concentration difference between the oxidant runners (11) and a cathode electrode, the oxidant diffuses into a membrane electrode and generates electrochemical reaction under the action of a catalyst; the fuel pumped from the outside enters the fuel liquid distribution cavity (5) and then enters the fuel flow channels (21) which are arranged in a multi-path parallel serpentine way, and under the action of concentration difference between the fuel flow channels (21) and the anode electrode, the fuel diffuses into the membrane electrode and generates electrochemical reaction under the action of a catalyst;
step S200: electrochemical reaction in the membrane electrode: the cathode oxidant generates electrochemical reaction under the catalytic action of the catalyst to generate a cathode product; the fuel is subjected to electrochemical reaction under the catalytic action of a catalyst to generate an anode product; the temperature of the bipolar plate which emits heat when electrochemical reaction occurs in the cathode and the anode rises;
step S300: product and unreacted reactants exit the electrode: under the action of capillary force or concentration difference, cathode products enter the oxidant flow channel (11) through seepage diffusion and enter the oxidant liquid collecting cavity (4) under the driving of pressure difference; under the action of capillary force or concentration difference, anode products enter the fuel flow channel (21) through seepage diffusion action and enter the fuel liquid collecting cavity (6) under the driving of pressure difference;
step S400: the foam metal layer and the phase-change material therein work: the heat released by electrochemical reaction in the membrane electrode is transmitted to the phase-change material (24) through the framework of the foam metal layer (23) in a heat conduction mode through the oxidant flow channel (11), the oxidant flow channel rib plate (12), the fuel flow channel (21) and the wall surface of the fuel flow channel rib plate (22), and is absorbed by the phase-change material (24); the phase-change material (24) absorbs heat and then generates phase-change reaction, so that the temperature of the bipolar plate is inhibited from rising, and the temperature of the local area of the bipolar plate is uniform;
step S500: temperature of the coolant-homogenized bipolar plate: cooling liquid is pumped into the cooling liquid distribution cavity (7) through an external pump, flows through the cooling liquid flow channels (19) which are arranged in a serpentine shape in a multi-path parallel manner, and then enters the cooling liquid collection cavity (8); in the flowing process, the cooling liquid and the wall surface of the cooling liquid flow channel (19) fully exchange heat, and the temperature of the bipolar plate is maintained in a working temperature interval suitable for the catalyst;
step S600: the phase-change material in the in-board cavity works in the process of restarting the electric pile: in the standby state of the galvanic pile, the phase-change material (24) emits heat outwards and transmits the heat outwards through the framework of the foam metal layer (23) to ensure the quick response of the galvanic pile in the restarting process of the galvanic pile.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911111357.6A CN111063908B (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Heat-storage light bipolar plate and working method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911111357.6A CN111063908B (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Heat-storage light bipolar plate and working method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111063908A true CN111063908A (en) | 2020-04-24 |
| CN111063908B CN111063908B (en) | 2021-05-25 |
Family
ID=70297794
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911111357.6A Active CN111063908B (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Heat-storage light bipolar plate and working method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111063908B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113415000A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-09-21 | 重庆泛锐科技有限公司 | Temperature-adjustable carriage plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN114220986A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-03-22 | 潍坊力德电储科技有限公司 | Electric pile structure, flow battery temperature regulating system and control method thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10337898A1 (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2005-04-21 | Audi Ag | Latent heat storage unit for fuel cell uses phase change of PCM material to absorb or release heat, accommodated in plates installed outside anode and cathode |
| KR20100021075A (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2010-02-24 | 주식회사 에이치투온 | Fuel cell stack including phase change meterials |
| CN103247807A (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2013-08-14 | 武汉众宇动力系统科技有限公司 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell based on phase-change heat transfer and bipolar plate thereof |
| CN108110276A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-01 | 北京卫星制造厂 | A kind of fuel cell heat dissipation bipolar plates |
| CN110380077A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-25 | 苏州弗尔赛能源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of combined type runner fuel battery double plates |
-
2019
- 2019-11-14 CN CN201911111357.6A patent/CN111063908B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10337898A1 (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2005-04-21 | Audi Ag | Latent heat storage unit for fuel cell uses phase change of PCM material to absorb or release heat, accommodated in plates installed outside anode and cathode |
| KR20100021075A (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2010-02-24 | 주식회사 에이치투온 | Fuel cell stack including phase change meterials |
| CN103247807A (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2013-08-14 | 武汉众宇动力系统科技有限公司 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell based on phase-change heat transfer and bipolar plate thereof |
| CN108110276A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-01 | 北京卫星制造厂 | A kind of fuel cell heat dissipation bipolar plates |
| CN110380077A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-25 | 苏州弗尔赛能源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of combined type runner fuel battery double plates |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113415000A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-09-21 | 重庆泛锐科技有限公司 | Temperature-adjustable carriage plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN114220986A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-03-22 | 潍坊力德电储科技有限公司 | Electric pile structure, flow battery temperature regulating system and control method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111063908B (en) | 2021-05-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106784921B (en) | A kind of direct methanol fuel cell and battery pack | |
| CN104733744B (en) | The metal polar plate of fuel cell, the metal double polar plates of fuel cell, fuel cell | |
| CN111063908B (en) | Heat-storage light bipolar plate and working method thereof | |
| CN109037725B (en) | Flow battery capable of improving distribution uniformity of electrolyte, electrode structure and method | |
| CN110797547B (en) | Light self-temperature-equalizing bipolar plate based on foamed metal and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110970633B (en) | Inner fin temperature control bipolar plate and working method thereof | |
| CN101587963B (en) | Cylindrical self-breathing prorton exchange membrane fuel cell | |
| CN111063912B (en) | Vein bionic pressure-permeation type three-in-one bipolar plate and working method thereof | |
| CN215266375U (en) | Single-plate three-cavity fuel cell bipolar plate and fuel cell stack | |
| CN213583872U (en) | Bipolar plate of fuel cell | |
| CN102522583B (en) | Heat exchange system | |
| CN212011140U (en) | Cooling structure of high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate | |
| CN101771151B (en) | Cylindrical membrane electrode for hydrogen-oxygen proton exchange membrane fuel cell | |
| CN109768285B (en) | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate with uniform heat conduction | |
| CN109888328B (en) | Direct methanol fuel cell with product driven heat balance | |
| CN109888325B (en) | Multi-stage uniform flow field fuel cell and working method thereof | |
| CN109860654B (en) | Material separation and transmission fuel cell and working method thereof | |
| CN209947951U (en) | Flow field structure bipolar plate, monocell, green energy vehicle, electronic equipment, mobile communication terminal | |
| CN109755606B (en) | Uniform flow field plate fuel cell and working method thereof | |
| CN202423476U (en) | Heat-exchange system | |
| CN113206269A (en) | Single-plate three-cavity fuel cell bipolar plate and fuel cell stack | |
| CN112002919A (en) | Bipolar plate of fuel cell | |
| CN110828848B (en) | Heat-storage temperature-control bipolar plate | |
| CN102522584B (en) | Heat exchange system and heat exchange method | |
| CN111326763A (en) | Metal bipolar plate of honeycomb-like flow field |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20230410 Address after: 710000 Room 101, 1st Floor, Building 2, Lanchi Industrial Capacity Base, Weicheng Street Office, Qinhan New City, Xixian New District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province Patentee after: Shaanxi Qingneng Power Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710049 Patentee before: XI'AN JIAOTONG University |