CN212011140U - Cooling structure of high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate - Google Patents
Cooling structure of high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN212011140U CN212011140U CN202020809027.6U CN202020809027U CN212011140U CN 212011140 U CN212011140 U CN 212011140U CN 202020809027 U CN202020809027 U CN 202020809027U CN 212011140 U CN212011140 U CN 212011140U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- bipolar plate
- fuel cell
- flow field
- cooling water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of proton exchange membrane fuel cell, concretely relates to cooling structure of high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate. The utility model discloses a cooling structure includes bipolar plate and is located cooling flow field on the bipolar plate the one end in cooling flow field is provided with air inlet, hydrogen export and cooling water entry the other end in cooling flow field is provided with hydrogen entry, air export and cooling water export, the cooling flow field adopts one-way snakelike runner the entry and exit department of one-way snakelike runner is provided with the distribution runner. The utility model discloses a guarantee that bipolar plate cooling performance is balanced, set up the distribution runner in cooling channel import and exit, can guarantee that cooling water gets into evenly distributed to every cooling channel from cooling water course entry, join in the exit at last, can effectively prevent to lead to the fact cooling medium to gather at cooling channel and advance, the exit because of cooling medium import and export pressure differential is too big, avoid bipolar plate to leak because of pressure differential is too big.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of proton exchange membrane fuel cell, concretely relates to cooling structure of high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate.
Background
The fuel cell is widely applied to the fields of energy and traffic as a power generation device which directly generates electric energy through chemical reaction. The air cleaner has the advantages of high efficiency, no noise, cleanness, no pollution and the like, and is more and more concerned by people. The energy demand is great in various fields, and the required power generation power of the fuel cell is also greater and greater. As a core device of the entire fuel cell, a fuel cell stack is mainly assembled by a Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA), a bipolar plate (BPP), a sealing member, and the like. Since the stack is accompanied by a large amount of heat while generating electric energy, the more power, the more heat it generates. Because most PEM fuel cells adopt Nafion series membranes, the working temperature of the cells is 75-80 ℃, when the working temperature exceeds 80 ℃, the thermal stability and the proton conductivity of a proton exchange membrane are reduced, and the phenomenon of membrane dehydration occurs in severe cases, so that the conductivity is reduced, and the attenuation of a catalyst is accelerated. When the temperature is higher than 130 ℃, irreversible damage can be caused to the membrane, and local hot spots can cause membrane perforation, and finally, the safety of the PEMFC pile operation is influenced. Therefore, it is very important to control the working temperature of the fuel cell in time and ensure that the fuel cell provides reliable power supply under stable working conditions, thereby improving the comprehensive use performance of the fuel cell.
At present, air cooling and liquid cooling methods are often adopted to reduce the temperature generated in the cell working process, wherein the air cooling method is often applied to a low-power (less than or equal to 5 kW) fuel cell system, and the operating temperature of the PEMFC stack is reduced by an air convection method. However, this method has unstable heat dissipation state and low working efficiency, and has been gradually replaced by liquid cooling method. The liquid cooling mainly depends on an independent cooling liquid flow channel designed in the bipolar plate of the fuel cell, and the liquid carries away a large amount of heat in the fuel cell through forced convection heat exchange of deionized water or mixed liquid of water and glycol. Compared with an air cooling mode, liquid cooling has the advantages of high heat transfer capacity, low flow rate and the like, the temperature distribution of the fuel cell is more uniform, and the cooling efficiency is high, so that the liquid cooling is commonly used for a high-power (more than or equal to 5 Kw) fuel cell system.
The traditional PEM fuel cell bipolar plate adopts the traditional serpentine cooling flow channel design, as shown in figure 1, although the heat generated during the operation of the fuel cell can be uniformly cooled, the flow resistance is increased due to the fact that the design structure often has the phenomenon that the pressure difference of an inlet and an outlet of a cooling water flow channel is too large, the performance requirement of a cooling water pump needing to be matched is improved, and the power consumption of the bipolar plate also influences the power generation efficiency of a galvanic pile. Meanwhile, the bipolar plate designed based on the cooling flow field structure, especially the bipolar plate of the graphite substrate, is usually formed by bonding special glue containing fluorine, silicon and the like, and when the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the cooling channel is too large, the sealing glue is possibly broken, so that the cooling liquid in the bipolar plate is leaked, and the safety operation stability of the fuel cell stack is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model discloses calorific capacity is big to high-power fuel cell pile, and the inhomogeneous characteristics of radiating temperature provide a cooling structure of high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate, and this bipolar plate cooling structure can high-efficient heat dissipation, can reduce the required consumption of pile outer accessory simultaneously, effectively promotes fuel cell pile generating efficiency, guarantees fuel cell operation safety and stability.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme: a cooling structure of a bipolar plate of a high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises the bipolar plate and a cooling flow field positioned on the bipolar plate, wherein one end of the cooling flow field is provided with an air inlet, a hydrogen outlet and a cooling water inlet, the other end of the cooling flow field is provided with the hydrogen inlet, the air outlet and the cooling water outlet, the cooling flow field adopts a one-way serpentine flow channel, and distribution flow channels are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the one-way serpentine flow channel.
The distribution flow channel is positioned at the corner of the first bend after the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet enter the one-way serpentine flow channel.
The number of the bends of the unidirectional serpentine flow channel is 8-20, the width of the unidirectional serpentine flow channel is 2-8mm, and the depth of the unidirectional serpentine flow channel is 0.3-1 mm.
The cooling water inlet is positioned between the air inlet and the hydrogen outlet, and the cooling water outlet is positioned between the hydrogen inlet and the air outlet.
The bipolar plate is made of metal, graphite or composite materials.
The pressure difference deltap between the inlet and the outlet of the bipolar plate cooling flow field is less than or equal to 0.8 bar.
The bipolar plate comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate, wherein the cathode plate and the anode plate respectively comprise a gas flow field on the front side and a monopole cooling flow field on the back side, the cathode plate and the anode plate are combined in a dispensing or welding mode, the back sides of the cathode plate and the anode plate are opposite to form the bipolar plate, and a bipolar plate cooling water flow field is formed between the back sides of the cathode plate and the anode plate.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following:
1. the utility model provides a cooling flow field structure both can be used to metal substrate's bipolar plate, also is applicable to graphite and combined material's bipolar plate, through numerical control machine tool machining (CNC), the mould pressing also or the equal preparation processing that can realize of punching press casting mode, the cooling flow field through this kind of structural style can effectively reduce the temperature that produces in the high-power electric pile for bipolar plate radiating efficiency, the inhomogeneous problem of bipolar plate heat dissipation has effectively been solved, also carried out the powerful improvement to the too big problem of pressure difference of imports and exports simultaneously.
2. The utility model discloses a novel one-way snakelike runner, cooling runner elbow number has been reduced for two side snakelike cooling runner of current classic (runner quantity is greater than 20), the width of cooling runner has suitably been increased, can accelerate the flow velocity of coolant in the runner, it advances at the cooling water course effectively to reduce the coolant liquid, the pressure differential in exit, it is too big to avoid traditional snakelike runner to import and export pressure differential too big and cause the cooling water pump consumption, thereby influence the generating efficiency problem of whole pile, adopt this kind of structure effectively to guarantee the fuel cell pile simultaneously, especially the pile that graphite substrate bipolar plate assembled and form can not produce the coolant liquid problem of leaking outward because of pressure differential is too big, the safety and stability of pile operation has been promoted.
3. The utility model discloses a cooling water entry is located between air inlet and the hydrogen export, the cooling water export is located between hydrogen entry and the air export, can reach balanced cooling effect, and this is because the oxygen concentration that gets into the air end entry when fuel cell pile moves at first is high, and its diffusivity is relatively poor, has caused the heat that this department's reaction generated to be highest.
4. The utility model discloses a guarantee that bipolar plate cooling performance is balanced, set up the distribution runner in cooling channel import and exit, can guarantee that cooling water gets into evenly distributed to every cooling channel from cooling water course entry, join in the exit at last, adopt this kind of design can effectively prevent to lead to the fact cooling medium to gather in the cooling channel because of cooling medium import and export pressure differential is too big, the exit, avoided bipolar plate to arouse the leakage phenomenon because of pressure differential is too big.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a serpentine channel of a conventional cooling flow field.
Figure 2 is the structure schematic diagram of the one-way snakelike runner of bipolar plate cooling flow field of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a three-dimensional effect diagram of the one-way serpentine flow channel of the bipolar plate cooling flow field of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of a bipolar plate cooling flow field distribution channel of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-an air inlet; 2-a hydrogen outlet; 3-cooling water inlet; 4-a hydrogen inlet; 5-an air outlet; 6-cooling water outlet; 7-one-way snake-shaped flow channel; 8-distribution flow channel.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained below with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
A cooling structure of a bipolar plate of a high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises the bipolar plate and a cooling flow field positioned on the bipolar plate, wherein one end of the cooling flow field is provided with an air inlet 1, a hydrogen outlet 2 and a cooling water inlet 3, the other end of the cooling flow field is provided with a hydrogen inlet 4, an air outlet 5 and a cooling water outlet 6, the cooling flow field adopts a one-way serpentine flow channel 7, distribution flow channels 8 are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the one-way serpentine flow channel 7 to ensure that a cooling medium is uniformly distributed to each cooling flow channel from the inlet of the cooling flow field flow channel and finally converges at the outlet, and by adopting the design mode, the cooling water can be effectively prevented from accumulating at the inlet and the outlet of the cooling flow channel due to overlarge differential pressure of the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet.
The distribution flow channel 8 is located at the corner of the first bend after the cooling water inlet 3 and the cooling water outlet 6 enter the one-way serpentine flow channel 7, as shown in fig. 2, so as to distribute and converge the cooling water, and ensure that the cooling water is uniformly distributed to each cooling flow channel.
The number of the curves of the one-way snake-shaped flow passage 7 is reduced to 8, the width of the one-way snake-shaped flow passage 7 is increased to 5mm, and the depth is 0.5 mm.
The cooling water inlet 3 is located between the air inlet 1 and the hydrogen outlet 2, and the cooling water outlet 6 is located between the hydrogen inlet 4 and the air outlet 5, as shown in fig. 2, it can ensure the heat dissipation balance of the whole bipolar plate, because the oxygen diffusivity is poor compared with hydrogen, so after the air enters the stack, the oxygen content concentration in the air is high, and the local reaction temperature becomes high.
The bipolar plate is a metal bipolar plate and is prepared by machining through a numerical control machine.
The pressure difference deltap between the inlet and the outlet of the bipolar plate cooling flow field is less than or equal to 0.8 bar.
The bipolar plate comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate, wherein the cathode plate and the anode plate respectively comprise a gas flow field on the front side and a single-pole cooling flow field on the back side, the cathode plate and the anode plate are combined in a dispensing or welding mode, the back sides of the cathode plate and the anode plate are opposite to form the bipolar plate, and a bipolar plate cooling flow field is formed between the two plates. The cooling flow field is designed on the back side of the gas flow field side of the bipolar plate, so that a cooling medium can conveniently flow through the cooling flow field and take away heat generated by electrochemical reaction, and the cooling medium is deionized water.
After simulation measurement and calculation of computer related software, it is found that under the condition that the required cooling water flow is the same, Δ p =2bar is measured and calculated in the simulation of the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the classic double-side serpentine cooling flow passage in the attached drawing 1, whereas Δ p =0.8bar is displayed after the simulation of the one-way serpentine cooling flow passage in the embodiment 1 of the present application. Therefore, the flow field adopting the novel cooling structure is obviously reduced in the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the cooling port, and the cooling medium can uniformly pass through the cooling flow channel, so that the cooling medium in the bipolar plate can not leak out due to overlarge pressure difference, the fuel cell stack is effectively protected to operate in a safe and reliable environment, and the service life of the fuel cell is prolonged. Meanwhile, the reduction of the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet ports of the cooling water of the bipolar plate also reduces the pursuit of high performance of the cooling water pump, and reduces the problem of low power generation efficiency of a fuel cell system caused by the cooling water pump with high power consumption.
Example 2
A cooling structure of a bipolar plate of a high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises the bipolar plate and a cooling flow field positioned on the bipolar plate, wherein one end of the cooling flow field is provided with an air inlet 1, a hydrogen outlet 2 and a cooling water inlet 3, the other end of the cooling flow field is provided with a hydrogen inlet 4, an air outlet 5 and a cooling water outlet 6, the cooling flow field adopts a one-way serpentine flow channel 7, distribution flow channels 8 are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the one-way serpentine flow channel 7 to ensure that a cooling medium is uniformly distributed to each cooling flow channel from the inlet of the cooling flow field flow channel and finally converges at the outlet, and by adopting the design mode, the cooling water can be effectively prevented from accumulating at the inlet and the outlet of the cooling flow channel due to overlarge differential pressure of the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet.
The distribution flow channel 8 is positioned at the corner of the first bend after the cooling water inlet 3 and the cooling water outlet 6 enter the one-way serpentine flow channel 7, so that the distribution and confluence of the cooling water are facilitated, and the uniform distribution of the cooling water to each cooling flow channel is ensured.
The number of the curves of the one-way snake-shaped flow passage 7 is reduced to 15, the width of the one-way snake-shaped flow passage 7 is increased to 2mm, and the depth is 0.5 mm.
The cooling water inlet 3 is positioned between the air inlet 1 and the hydrogen outlet 2, and the cooling water outlet 6 is positioned between the hydrogen inlet 4 and the air outlet 5, so that the heat dissipation balance of the whole bipolar plate can be ensured, because the diffusivity of oxygen is poorer than that of hydrogen, the oxygen content concentration in the air is higher after the air enters the galvanic pile, and the local reaction temperature at the position is also higher.
The bipolar plate is a graphite bipolar plate and is prepared by a stamping and casting mode.
The pressure difference deltap between the inlet and the outlet of the bipolar plate cooling flow field is less than or equal to 0.8 bar.
The bipolar plate comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate, wherein the cathode plate and the anode plate respectively comprise a gas flow field on the front side and a single-pole cooling flow field on the back side, the cathode plate and the anode plate are combined in a dispensing or welding mode, the back sides of the cathode plate and the anode plate are opposite to form the bipolar plate, and a bipolar plate cooling flow field is formed between the two plates. The cooling flow field is designed on the back side of the gas flow field side of the bipolar plate, so that a cooling medium can conveniently flow through and take away heat generated by electrochemical reaction, and the cooling medium is a mixed solution of water and ethylene glycol.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the patent scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, all the equivalent structure changes made by the present invention or the direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A cooling structure of a bipolar plate of a high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises the bipolar plate and a cooling flow field positioned on the bipolar plate, wherein one end of the cooling flow field is provided with an air inlet (1), a hydrogen outlet (2) and a cooling water inlet (3), and the other end of the cooling flow field is provided with a hydrogen inlet (4), an air outlet (5) and a cooling water outlet (6), and the cooling flow field is characterized in that a one-way serpentine flow channel (7) is adopted, and a distribution flow channel (8) is arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the one-way serpentine flow channel (7).
2. The cooling structure of the bipolar plate of the high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the distribution flow channel (8) is positioned at the first corner of the bend after the cooling water inlet (3) and the cooling water outlet (6) enter the one-way serpentine flow channel (7).
3. The cooling structure of the bipolar plate of the high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the number of the one-way serpentine flow channel (7) is 8-20, the width of the one-way serpentine flow channel (7) is 2-8mm, and the depth is 0.3-1 mm.
4. The cooling structure of the bipolar plate of the high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the cooling water inlet (3) is located between the air inlet (1) and the hydrogen outlet (2), and the cooling water outlet (6) is located between the hydrogen inlet (4) and the air outlet (5).
5. The cooling structure of a bipolar plate of a high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the bipolar plate is made of metal, graphite or composite material.
6. The cooling structure of the bipolar plate of the high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein the inlet-outlet pressure difference Δ p of the cooling flow field of the bipolar plate is less than or equal to 0.8 bar.
7. The cooling structure of a bipolar plate of a high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein the bipolar plate comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate, the cathode plate and the anode plate both comprise a gas flow field on the front side and a unipolar cooling flow field on the back side, the cathode plate and the anode plate are combined by dispensing or welding, the back sides of the cathode plate and the anode plate are opposite to form the bipolar plate, and a bipolar plate cooling water flow field is formed between the two plates.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020809027.6U CN212011140U (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Cooling structure of high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020809027.6U CN212011140U (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Cooling structure of high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212011140U true CN212011140U (en) | 2020-11-24 |
Family
ID=73409381
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020809027.6U Active CN212011140U (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Cooling structure of high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN212011140U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114784347A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-07-22 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell |
-
2020
- 2020-05-15 CN CN202020809027.6U patent/CN212011140U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114784347A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-07-22 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell |
| CN114784347B (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2024-02-02 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108172857B (en) | Fuel cell stack flow field plate supporting high-current-density discharge | |
| CN213278134U (en) | High-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate | |
| CN111430746A (en) | Bipolar plate for testing power generation performance of membrane electrode of hydrogen fuel cell | |
| JP2004186132A (en) | Matching type bipolar electrode module of fuel cell set | |
| CN104733744A (en) | Fuel cell metal polar plate, fuel cell metal bipolar plate and fuel cell | |
| CN212209661U (en) | Cooling structure of high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate | |
| CN109560304B (en) | Heat management method of proton exchange membrane fuel cell | |
| CN212011140U (en) | Cooling structure of high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate | |
| CN111048801A (en) | Air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell based on single metal polar plate and electric pile | |
| WO2020228131A1 (en) | Bipolar plate, fuel cell stack containing bipolar plate, and power generation system | |
| CN107482237B (en) | Fuel cell stack | |
| CN212136601U (en) | Fuel cell with self-preheating fuel | |
| CN202172104U (en) | Bipolar plate of molten carbonate fuel cell | |
| CN210052797U (en) | Single cell for testing fuel cell | |
| CN100356618C (en) | High-efficient fuel battery guide bipolar plates and producing method thereof | |
| CN2879437Y (en) | Air-cooling fuel cell capable of improving performance of end single battery | |
| CN217035679U (en) | Metal bipolar plate and proton exchange membrane fuel cell | |
| CN111477905A (en) | Cooling structure of high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate | |
| CN215184082U (en) | Anode flow field of high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate | |
| CN216528962U (en) | Battery polar plate and bipolar plate | |
| CN113690458B (en) | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate | |
| CN115064722A (en) | Radiating metal stamping bipolar plate of air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell | |
| CN211743309U (en) | Bipolar plate for testing power generation performance of membrane electrode of hydrogen fuel cell | |
| CN112968189A (en) | Air cooling type fuel cell anode plate | |
| CN211879516U (en) | High-power metal plate fuel cell stack |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |