CN107482237B - Fuel cell stack - Google Patents
Fuel cell stack Download PDFInfo
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- CN107482237B CN107482237B CN201710818235.5A CN201710818235A CN107482237B CN 107482237 B CN107482237 B CN 107482237B CN 201710818235 A CN201710818235 A CN 201710818235A CN 107482237 B CN107482237 B CN 107482237B
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- fuel cell
- cell stack
- bipolar plate
- support main
- plate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell stack, which comprises a bipolar plate, a membrane electrode, a current collecting plate and an end plate, wherein the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode form a single cell, a plurality of single cells are superposed and then form the fuel cell stack together with the current collecting plate and the end plate, the bipolar plate comprises an upper hydrogen flow guide layer and a lower air flow guide layer, a heat dissipation channel is arranged between the hydrogen flow guide layer and the air flow guide layer, the heat dissipation channel is provided with a vertical support main rod, two sides of the support main rod are respectively connected with branches, two ends of each branch are respectively connected with the upper end of one support main rod and the lower end of the other support main rod, and a space between the support main rods and the. The fuel cell stack provided by the invention has good heat dissipation and stability, and the weight of the fuel cell stack is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell stack.
Background
The fuel cell stack comprises a bipolar plate, a membrane electrode, a collector plate and an end plate, wherein the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode form a single cell, a plurality of single cells are superposed and then form the fuel cell stack with the collector plate and the end plate, the two most critical components in the fuel cell are the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode, wherein the bipolar plate accounts for 60-80% of the total weight of the fuel cell and accounts for 30-45% of the cost of the fuel cell, and therefore, the premise that the fuel cell can be applied to commercial production is that the processing cost of the bipolar plate is greatly reduced.
The normal working temperature of the fuel cell stack is 30-70 ℃. If the temperature is too low, water generated by the reaction is condensed to block a gas heat dissipation channel, the performance of the galvanic pile is deteriorated, and if the temperature is too high, the membrane electrode lacks water, and the proton exchange membrane cannot normally work or even is damaged. In general, a fuel cell performs a cooling process during operation, which includes a water cooling type cooling process and an air cooling type cooling process. The water-cooling type galvanic pile is through the inside effect that reaches the cooling of circulating water process galvanic pile, and the galvanic pile structure of water-cooling type is complicated, adds water pump circulating device, difficult maintenance. The air-cooled galvanic pile achieves the effect of cooling by adjusting the rotating speed of a fan through circulating air inside the galvanic pile.
Patent CN202308177U relates to an open air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, bipolar plate in this patent is formed by two bipolar half plates, namely anode plate and cathode plate, through being equipped with many cooling air flow channels on anode plate and cathode plate, accelerate the stack radiating rate, though can reach radiating purpose, but fuel cell stack weight is great, the cooling heat dissipation channel is directly established at negative, on the anode plate board, once the size is confirmed, just can not adjust heat dissipation area according to the size of battery, often because heat dissipation area is limited, the radiating effect is poor, cause the heat that fuel cell produced can not all be scattered, thereby influence fuel cell's performance, or increase the amount of wind of cooling fan and reach radiating purpose, but increased extra power consumption like this again.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provided is a fuel cell stack having good heat dissipation and good stability.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a fuel cell pile, includes bipolar plate, membrane electrode, collector plate and end plate, bipolar plate and membrane electrode constitute a monocell, and a plurality of monocells superpose and constitute fuel cell pile with collector plate and end plate again, bipolar plate includes the hydrogen air diversion layer of upper strata and the air diversion layer of lower floor, be equipped with heat dissipation channel between hydrogen air diversion layer and the air diversion layer, heat dissipation channel is equipped with vertical support mobile jib, support the mobile jib both sides and be connected with branch respectively, the lower extreme in the upper end of a support mobile jib and another support mobile jib is connected respectively at branched both ends, support the space between mobile jib and the branch and be cooling channel.
Further, the adjacent branches are connected to the same end of the support main rod.
Furthermore, the cross section of the supporting main rod is rectangular, the cross section of the branch is parallelogram, the supporting main rod is a hollow supporting main rod, and the branch is also a hollow branch.
Further, the included angle formed by the branch and the main supporting rod is 45 degrees.
Further, the cross section of the cooling channel is triangular.
Furthermore, the supporting main rod and the branches are made of high-thermal-conductivity metal materials.
Further, the cooling channel of a single bipolar plate is plural.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the fuel cell stack provided by the invention, the bipolar plate is provided with the heat dissipation channel, the heat dissipation channel is provided with the support main rod and the branch, a dendritic structure is formed, the contact area of air and the bipolar plate is increased, and when an external fan rotates, the cooling effect on the bipolar plate of the fuel cell stack is faster under the same volume of air due to the increase of the contact area of the bipolar plate and the air, so that the performance of the fuel cell stack is improved, and the energy consumption of the fan is reduced; compared with the common bipolar plate, the bipolar plate with the multi-branch structure and the multi-cavity structure has the advantages that the weight of the bipolar plate is reduced, the weight of a fuel cell stack is reduced, and the dendritic structure in the bipolar plate has the supporting effect on the bipolar plate, so that the fuel cell stack is more stable; and cold air is used for dissipating heat of the fuel cell stack through the cooling channel, so that the performance of the fuel cell stack is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of reference numerals: 1. a bipolar plate; 11. supporting the main rod; 12. branching; 13. a cooling channel; 2. a diffusion layer; 3. a catalytic layer; 4. a proton exchange membrane.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, achieved objects, and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.
The fuel cell stack has the key concept that the heat dissipation channel is arranged in the bipolar plate, the heat dissipation channel is provided with the vertical main supporting rod, the two sides of the main supporting rod are respectively connected with the branches, and the space between the main supporting rod and the branches is a cooling channel, so that the heat dissipation performance and the stability of the fuel cell stack are enhanced.
Referring to fig. 1, a fuel cell stack includes a bipolar plate 1, a membrane electrode, a current collecting plate and an end plate, the bipolar plate 1 and the membrane electrode constitute a single cell, a plurality of single cells are stacked and then constitute the fuel cell stack with the current collecting plate and the end plate, the bipolar plate 1 includes an upper hydrogen guiding layer and a lower air guiding layer, a heat dissipation channel is disposed between the hydrogen guiding layer and the air guiding layer, the heat dissipation channel is provided with a vertical supporting main rod 11, two sides of the supporting main rod 11 are respectively connected with branches 12, two ends of each branch 12 are respectively connected to an upper end of one supporting main rod 11 and a lower end of the other supporting main rod 11, and a space between the supporting main rod 11 and the branches 12 is a cooling channel 13.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: according to the fuel cell stack provided by the invention, the bipolar plate 1 is provided with the heat dissipation channel, the heat dissipation channel is provided with the supporting main rod 11 and the branch 12, a tree-like structure is formed, the contact area of air and the bipolar plate 1 is increased, and when an external fan rotates, the temperature reduction effect on the bipolar plate 1 of the fuel cell stack is faster under the same volume of air due to the increase of the contact area of the bipolar plate 1 and the air, so that the performance of the fuel cell stack is improved, and the energy consumption of the fan is reduced; compared with the common bipolar plate, the bipolar plate 1 with the multi-branch structure and the multi-cavity structure has the advantages that the weight of the bipolar plate 1 is reduced, the weight of a fuel cell stack is reduced, and the dendritic structure in the bipolar plate 1 has the supporting effect on the bipolar plate 1, so that the fuel cell stack is more stable; the cold air passes through the cooling channel 13 to dissipate heat of the fuel cell stack, so that the performance of the fuel cell stack is improved.
Further, the adjacent branches 12 are connected to the same end of the supporting main rod 11.
Further, the cross section of the supporting main rod 11 is rectangular, the cross section of the branch 12 is parallelogram, the supporting main rod 11 is a supporting main rod 11 with a hollow interior, and the branch 12 is also a branch 12 with a hollow interior.
As can be seen from the above description, the supporting main rod 11 and the branch 12 are both hollow, and the cooling air can pass through the inside of the supporting main rod 11 and the branch 12, so as to increase the contact area between the bipolar plate 1 and the cooling air, enhance the heat dissipation effect of the fuel cell stack, further reduce the weight of the bipolar plate 1, and do not affect the supporting effect of the supporting main rod 11 and the branch 12 on the bipolar plate 1.
Further, the angle formed by the branch 12 and the main supporting rod 11 is 45 °.
Further, the cross section of the cooling channel 13 is triangular.
Further, the support main rod 11 and the branch 12 are both made of metal materials with high thermal conductivity.
Further, the cooling channel 13 of the single bipolar plate 1 is plural.
Example one
A fuel cell stack is an air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack and comprises a bipolar plate 1, a membrane electrode, a current collecting plate and an end plate, wherein the bipolar plate 1 and the membrane electrode form a single cell, the single cells are stacked and then form the fuel cell stack with the current collecting plate and the end plate, the membrane electrode comprises a diffusion layer 2, a catalysis layer 3 and a proton exchange membrane 4, the catalysis layer 3 and the diffusion layer 2 are respectively placed on two sides of the proton exchange membrane 4, and the diffusion layer 2, the catalysis layer 3 and the proton exchange membrane 4 are stacked through hot pressing to form the membrane electrode. Bipolar plate 1 includes the hydrogen water conservancy diversion layer on upper strata and the air water conservancy diversion layer of lower floor, be equipped with heat dissipation channel between hydrogen water conservancy diversion layer and the air water conservancy diversion layer, heat dissipation channel is equipped with vertical support mobile jib 11, support mobile jib 11 both sides and be connected with branch 12 respectively, the both ends of branch 12 are connected respectively in the upper end of a support mobile jib 11 and another lower extreme that supports mobile jib 11, support the space between mobile jib 11 and the branch 12 and be cooling channel 13.
The hydrogen diversion layer is provided with a hydrogen diversion trench, the air diversion layer is provided with an air diversion trench, hydrogen enters the hydrogen diversion trench on the upper layer of the bipolar plate 1 through an inlet, the diffusion layer 2 reacts with the catalyst layer 3 in the proton exchange membrane 4 at the hydrogen diversion trench to generate hydrogen ions and electrons, and the hydrogen ions react with oxygen in the diffusion layer through the proton exchange membrane 4 to generate water. The cooling air is provided by an external fan, the cooling air plays a role of cooling the galvanic pile through the cooling channel 13, the heat dissipation channel is not communicated with the hydrogen guide groove and the air guide groove, and the hydrogen is supplied by the hydrogenThe diversion trench and the air diversion trench are arranged in parallel and mutually independent to carry out gas reaction. The structure and the number of the cooling channels 13 can be determined according to the heat dissipation capacity of the actual power, and if the designed power of the air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell is large, the structure of the cooling channels 13 is correspondingly increased. If the power of the fuel cell required is small and the amount of heat generation is not large, the cooling passage 13 is reduced. In practical examples 1 and 2, the cross-sectional areas of the cooling passages 13 were calculated to be 28.3mm, respectively2And 78.6mm2。
The adjacent branches 12 are connected to the same end of the supporting main rod 11. The cross section of the supporting main rod 11 is rectangular, the cross section of the branch 12 is parallelogram, the supporting main rod 11 is a supporting main rod 11 with a hollow inner part, and the branch 12 is also a branch 12 with a hollow inner part. The angle formed by the branch 12 and the main supporting rod 11 is 45 degrees. The cooling channel 13 is triangular in cross-section. The supporting main rod 11 and the branch 12 are made of high thermal conductivity metal materials. The cooling channel 13 of a single bipolar plate 1 is plural.
In summary, in the fuel cell stack provided by the invention, the bipolar plate is provided with the heat dissipation channel, the heat dissipation channel is provided with the support main rod and the branch, so that a dendritic structure is formed, the contact area between air and the bipolar plate is increased, and when an external fan rotates, the temperature reduction effect on the bipolar plate of the fuel cell stack is faster under the same volume of air due to the increase of the contact area between the bipolar plate and the air, so that the performance of the fuel cell stack is improved, and the energy consumption of the fan is reduced; compared with the common bipolar plate, the bipolar plate with the multi-branch structure and the multi-cavity structure has the advantages that the weight of the bipolar plate is reduced, the weight of a fuel cell stack is reduced, and the dendritic structure in the bipolar plate has the supporting effect on the bipolar plate, so that the fuel cell stack is more stable; and cold air is used for dissipating heat of the fuel cell stack through the cooling channel, so that the performance of the fuel cell stack is improved.
Support mobile jib and branch and be inside cavity, the cooling air can be through the inside of supporting mobile jib and branch, increases bipolar plate and cooling air's area of contact, and the radiating effect of reinforcing fuel cell pile further lightens bipolar plate weight, and does not influence the supporting role of supporting mobile jib and branch to bipolar plate.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A fuel cell stack comprises a bipolar plate, a membrane electrode, a current collecting plate and an end plate, wherein the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode form a single cell, and a plurality of single cells are overlapped and then form the fuel cell stack together with the current collecting plate and the end plate;
the hydrogen diversion layer is provided with a hydrogen diversion trench, the air diversion layer is provided with an air diversion trench, the heat dissipation channel is not communicated with the hydrogen diversion trench and the air diversion trench, and the hydrogen diversion trench and the air diversion trench are arranged in parallel.
2. The fuel cell stack of claim 1 wherein adjacent legs are connected to the same end of the support main shaft.
3. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein the support main rod has a rectangular cross section, the branch has a parallelogram cross section, the support main rod is a hollow support main rod, and the branch is also a hollow branch.
4. The fuel cell stack of claim 1 wherein the branches form an angle of 45 ° with the support main stem.
5. The fuel cell stack of claim 1 wherein the cooling channels are triangular in cross-section.
6. The fuel cell stack of claim 1 wherein the support main stem and the branches are both of a high thermal conductivity metallic material.
7. The fuel cell stack of claim 1 wherein the cooling channels of a single bipolar plate are plural.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710818235.5A CN107482237B (en) | 2017-09-12 | 2017-09-12 | Fuel cell stack |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710818235.5A CN107482237B (en) | 2017-09-12 | 2017-09-12 | Fuel cell stack |
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| CN107482237A CN107482237A (en) | 2017-12-15 |
| CN107482237B true CN107482237B (en) | 2020-07-10 |
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| CN201710818235.5A Active CN107482237B (en) | 2017-09-12 | 2017-09-12 | Fuel cell stack |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110890569A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-17 | 浙江锋源氢能科技有限公司 | Fuel cell assembly, fuel cell and preparation process thereof |
| CN112986489B (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2022-03-11 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Device for testing performance of single-cell membrane electrode of cathode open stack |
| CN113642265B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2024-04-16 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Method and device for evaluating flow of fuel cell short stack fluid |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017162659A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-09-14 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Fuel battery |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4292379A (en) * | 1980-04-28 | 1981-09-29 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Variable area fuel cell process channels |
| JPH0722036A (en) * | 1993-07-01 | 1995-01-24 | Hitachi Ltd | Layered fuel cell |
| JP3792625B2 (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2006-07-05 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Fuel cell and operation method thereof |
| JP4915070B2 (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2012-04-11 | トヨタ車体株式会社 | Fuel cell separator |
| US7838168B2 (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2010-11-23 | Salter L Carlton | Functionally integrated hydrogen fuel cell |
| CN101373844A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2009-02-25 | 中强光电股份有限公司 | Fuel cell |
| CN101944618B (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2013-04-24 | 武汉理工大学 | Tree-structured flow field proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate |
| JP5651541B2 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2015-01-14 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Fuel cell separator and fuel cell |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2017162659A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-09-14 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Fuel battery |
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Address after: 355000 No. 14, Jinglin Road, Yangquan, Fu'an City, Ningde City, Fujian Province Patentee after: Fujian Yanan Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 355000 No. 14, Jinglin Road, Yangquan, Fu'an City, Ningde City, Fujian Province Patentee before: FUJIAN FU'AN MINDONG YA'NAN ELECTRICAL MACHINE Co.,Ltd. |
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