CN202134612U - Fuel cell flow-guide polar plate facilitating reducing flowing resistance of cooling fluid - Google Patents
Fuel cell flow-guide polar plate facilitating reducing flowing resistance of cooling fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN202134612U CN202134612U CN201120183518U CN201120183518U CN202134612U CN 202134612 U CN202134612 U CN 202134612U CN 201120183518 U CN201120183518 U CN 201120183518U CN 201120183518 U CN201120183518 U CN 201120183518U CN 202134612 U CN202134612 U CN 202134612U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a fuel cell flow-guide polar plate facilitating reducing the flowing resistance of cooling fluid. The flow-guide polar plate is a cubic flow-guide bipolar plate, wing-shaped projections extend from two sides of short edges at two ends of the long edge of the cubic flow-guide bipolar plate, air inlet and outlet fluid holes and hydrogen inlet and outlet fluid holes are formed on the wing-shaped projections, cooling fluid inlet and outlet holes of the flow-guide bipolar plate are formed at the short edges at two ends of the long edge of the flow-guide bipolar plate, cooling fluid guide grooves connecting the cooling fluid inlet and outlet holes at the upper end and the lower end of the flow-guide bipolar plate take the shapes of straight lines, the air inlet and outlet fluid holes and air guide grooves are formed on the front side of an air flow guide grooved plate, and the hydrogen inlet and outlet fluid holes and hydrogen guide grooves are formed on the front side of a hydrogen flow guide grooved plate. Compared with the prior art, the fuel cell flow-guide polar plate provided by the utility model is suitable for both high-temperature fuel cells and low-temperature fuel cells, facilitates reducing the flowing resistance of cooling fluid, has low probability of blockage, and is high in system efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to fuel cell, relates in particular to a kind of flow guide plate of fuel cell that helps reducing the cooling fluid flow resistance.
Background technology
The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells technology is the topmost key technology of 21 century human use Hydrogen Energy.A lot of countries have all given the attention of height and support energetically to the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells technology industrialization, and have obtained many substantial progress.Can predict, comprehensive industrialization of this technology will produce significant impact to future world energy supply and general layout.In social life and the economic construction, the importance of supply of electric power and guarantee is more and more important in modern times, improves constantly improving electrical production and service efficiency and the eco-friendly degree that requires simultaneously.Distributed power generation near the user, reduce electric power and carry at a distance, according to need for electricity flexibly the advantage of adjustment more and more receive the attention of various countries.
According to the operating temperature of PEM, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) can be divided into two types of low temperature and high temperature.The operating temperature of low temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (LT-PEMFC) generally is not higher than 90 ℃; Have and start the advantage fast, that power density is high, in light weight, volume is little; It requires very high to the hydrogen purity that acts as a fuel; Be fit to be connected with regenerative resource such as solar energy, the high-purity hydrogen that utilizes brine electrolysis to produce is stable electric energy with unsettled renewable energy conversion; The operating temperature of high temperature proton exchange film fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) is at 120 ℃ to 180 ℃; Though it is low slightly to compare toggle speed slightly slow (needing preheating), the power density of low temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (working temperature＜90 ℃); But high temperature proton exchange film fuel cell (working temperature 120-180 ℃) has very strong anti-CO poisoning capability; The very suitable hydrogen of being reformed and being made by multiple modes such as natural gas, piped gas, methyl alcohol, propane or even rubbish landfill gas and biological energy sources greatly reduces the technological use threshold of fuel cell power generation, and because high-temperature fuel cell operation and the high temperature more than 120 ℃; Pile generates water and all vaporizes; Can not cause fuel cell pack inner flow passage water blockoff, the reliability of fuel cell improves greatly, and service life exceeds more than 10 times than low-temperature fuel cell.In addition, the high temperature that high temperature proton exchange film fuel cell (working temperature 120-180 ℃) operation produces is recovered utilization more easily, is integrated into cogeneration system (CHP) and further improves its capacity usage ratio.High temperature proton exchange film fuel cell has advantages such as operation stability height, system is simple, the life-span is long, and its application is very wide, from small-sized resident's home terminal cogeneration, to building, the distributed power generation of sub-district, large-scale power station, center.
High temperature proton exchange film fuel cell (working temperature 120-180 ℃) technology acts as a fuel and uses in the battery solid-state PEM as electrolytical a kind of; The basic structure of its electrolytical key property, membrane electrode (membraneelectrode assembly MEA) and the working method of fuel cell and low temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (working temperature＜90 ℃) are similar: electrolyte is the conductor of proton, the insulator of electronics equally, and low-down gas permeability is arranged; Membrane electrode MEA is its core component equally, and the bipolar plates of membrane electrode and its both sides has been formed the elementary cell-fuel-cell single-cell of fuel cell; The basic structure of membrane electrode also is middle PEM, and the film both sides are respectively negative electrode and anode electrocatalyst, and the anode and cathode eelctro-catalyst attaches gas diffusion layers outward; The course of work; Hydrogen sees through porose gas diffusion layers to catalyst layer; Hydrogen one side of fuel cell is an anode, and it is proton and electronics that catalyst makes Hydrogen Separation, and proton reaches negative electrode (being oxygen one side) through electrolyte; Electronics flows through an external circuit and arrives negative electrode, generates water at negative electrode proton, electronics and oxygen reaction.
The PEM proton conduction mechanism of the proton conduction mechanism of the high temperature proton exchange film that high temperature proton exchange film fuel cell (working temperature 120-180 ℃) uses and low temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (working temperature＜90 ℃) use is different fully.In the low temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells running; When passing film, must carry on proton hydrone (proton need carry 14 hydrones the most for a long time); Under the help of hydrone, just can pass film; Parch or the not enough situation of humidity under proton can not or can pass film on a small quantity, thereby increase the resistance of film, cause reducing rapidly performance, reduce the life-span.The conduction mechanism of high temperature proton exchange film is: polybenzimidazoles (PBI) phosphate impregnation forms lattice; Be equivalent to form dihydric phosphate; Be equivalent to relay at the hydrogen bond grid of 150 ℃ of-200 ℃ of temperature range proton through dihydric phosphate and equally transmit, accomplish the process that proton passes film, need not carry hydrone in this process; But along with the reduction of temperature, the conductivity of film also will reduce.So the service conditions of high temperature proton exchange film fuel cell is different from the low temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells fully.
A typical battery stack generally includes: the water conservancy diversion import and the flow-guiding channel of (1) fuel and oxidant gas are distributed to fuel (like hydrogen, methyl alcohol or the hydrogen-rich gas that after reforming, obtained by methyl alcohol, natural gas, gasoline) and oxidant (mainly being oxygen or air) in the guiding gutter of each anode, cathode plane equably; (2) import and export and the flow-guiding channel of cooling fluid (like water) are evenly distributed to cooling fluid in each battery pack inner cooling channel, the heat absorption that hydrogen in the fuel cell, the exothermic reaction of oxygen electrochemistry are generated and take battery pack out of after dispel the heat; (3) outlet of fuel and oxidant gas and corresponding flow-guiding channel, fuel gas and oxidant gas are when discharging, and portability goes out the liquid that generates in the fuel cell, the water of steam state.Usually, the import and export of all fuel, oxidant, cooling fluid are all opened on the end plate of fuel battery or on two end plates.
Low-temperature fuel cell generally adopts water as the cooling heat dissipation fluid at present, but it is prone to experience cold start-up problem, and as under-20 ℃, water has been formed ice, can't start.High-temperature fuel cell, operating temperature are 120-180 ℃, water vapor, also can't use.Therefore; Need a kind ofly can to resist cold anti-low temperature to freeze, also can cooling heat dissipation fluid high temperature resistant, that can not vaporize, general at present the employing contains fluorocarbon oil; Or other artificial oil is as the cooling heat dissipation fluid; But in a single day these fluids are penetrated on the battery lead plate, and just the horse back contaminated electrode is scrapped whole fuel cell.The easy seepage of existing guide plate cooling fluid, contaminated electrode, and also the cooling fluid flow resistance is big, is prone to stop up.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model is exactly for the defective that overcomes above-mentioned prior art existence a kind of flow guide plate of fuel cell that helps reducing the cooling fluid flow resistance that can be fit to high-temperature fuel cell and low-temperature fuel cell simultaneously to be provided.
The purpose of the utility model can realize through following technical scheme: a kind of flow guide plate of fuel cell that helps reducing the cooling fluid flow resistance; This guide plate is a flow-guide double-pole plate; Described flow-guide double-pole plate is made up of airflow guiding slot plate that is bonded together and hydrogen flow guiding slot plate; Form but fluid interlayer of conduction cooling in the middle of airflow guiding slot plate and the hydrogen flow guiding slot plate; Described flow-guide double-pole plate is provided with the fluid bore that can supply to pass in and out air, turnover hydrogen, turnover cooling fluid, and is connected in into and out of the guiding gutter between the fluid bore; It is characterized in that; Described flow-guide double-pole plate is a cuboid; Extend wing protrusion position along the minor face both sides at the two ends, long limit of this cuboid flow-guide double-pole plate, this wing protrusion position is provided with air turnover fluid bore and hydrogen turnover fluid bore, and the cooling fluid manhole appendix of flow-guide double-pole plate is arranged on the minor face edge at two ends, flow-guide double-pole plate length limit; But fluid slot is linearly to connect the conduction cooling of cooling fluid manhole appendix of flow-guide double-pole plate upper and lower side; To reduce resistance, described airflow guiding slot plate front is provided with air turnover fluid bore and air conducting groove, and reverse side is provided with the air inlet approaching channel that connects air turnover fluid bore and air conducting groove; Described hydrogen flow guiding slot plate front is provided with hydrogen turnover fluid bore and hydrogen flow guide groove, and reverse side is provided with the air inlet approaching channel that connects hydrogen turnover fluid bore and hydrogen flow guide groove.
The minor face two flank shapes that described air turnover fluid bore and hydrogen turnover fluid bore are arranged on the two ends, long limit of flow-guide double-pole plate protrude on the position, are positioned at the place, diagonal angle at flow-guide double-pole plate two ends.
Described air conducting groove and hydrogen flow guide groove are serpentine.
The periphery of described cooling fluid manhole appendix is provided with the screw rod perforation.
The air inlet approaching channel of described airflow guiding slot plate reverse side comprises the approaching channel and the hole of drawing that is connected front air conducting groove that connects air turnover fluid bore; Said approaching channel with draw the hole and interconnect, air intlet gets into air from the airflow guiding slot plate front, through its reverse side approaching channel guiding; The hole is drawn in entering; Return and be arranged on positive air conducting groove, guide to drawing the hole, getting into the approaching channel of reverse side again of air outlet slit place, return positive the outflow once more through air outlet slit then through the air conducting groove.
The air inlet approaching channel of described hydrogen flow guiding slot plate reverse side comprises the approaching channel and the hole of drawing that is connected front hydrogen flow guide groove that connects hydrogen turnover fluid bore; Said approaching channel with draw the hole and interconnect, hydrogen inlet gets into hydrogen from the hydrogen flow guiding slot plate front, through its reverse side approaching channel guiding; The hole is drawn in entering; Return and be arranged on positive hydrogen flow guide groove, guide to drawing the hole, getting into the approaching channel of reverse side again of hydrogen outlet place, return positive the outflow once more through hydrogen outlet then through the hydrogen flow guide groove.
Compared with prior art, the characteristics of the utility model are:
1, general at present the employing contains fluorocarbon oil; Or other artificial oil be as can resisting cold anti-low temperature to freeze, also can cooling heat dissipation fluid high temperature resistant, that can not vaporize, and this cooling heat dissipation fluid flow resistance is big; Be prone to stop up; The utility model is a straight-line groove at the conduction cooling of the flow-guide double-pole plate fluid slot that but dispels the heat, and can reduce the cooling heat dissipation fluid flow resistance, therefore; Can adopt multiple materials such as water, high temperature heat conductive oil or air as cooling fluid, be fit to high-temperature fuel cell and low-temperature fuel cell simultaneously;
2, the cooling heat dissipation fluid can be water, high temperature heat conductive oil or air etc.,
3, the cooling fluid guiding gutter has linearly reduced the power-assisted of cooling fluid, helps heat radiation, reduces heat dissipation equipment such as blower fan, and the power loss of water pump improves system effectiveness;
3, air turnover fluid bore directly is not connected at the same plate face of air baffle (front) with the air conducting groove; But connect through the air inlet approaching channel that is arranged on reverse side; This design makes air and hydrogen can not scurry mutually, and the also difficult obstruction of air conducting groove, in like manner; Hydrogen turnover fluid bore directly is not connected at the same plate face of hydrogen flow guide plate (front) with the hydrogen flow guide groove yet, but connects through the air inlet approaching channel that is arranged on reverse side.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation in the front of airflow guiding slot plate among the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the reverse side of airflow guiding slot plate among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation in the front of hydrogen flow guiding slot plate among the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the reverse side of hydrogen flow guiding slot plate among Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment flow-guide double-pole plate.
Embodiment
To combine specific embodiment below, the utility model will be described further.
Shown in Fig. 1～5, a kind of flow guide plate of fuel cell that helps reducing the cooling fluid flow resistance, this guide plate are the cuboid flow-guide double-pole plate; Length is 400mm, and width is 100mm, and described flow-guide double-pole plate is made up of airflow guiding slot plate that is bonded together 1 and hydrogen flow guiding slot plate 2; Airflow guiding slot plate 1 and the hydrogen flow guiding slot plate 2 middle but fluid interlayers of conduction cooling that form; Described flow-guide double-pole plate is provided with the fluid bore that can supply to pass in and out air, turnover hydrogen, turnover cooling fluid: air turnover fluid bore 3, hydrogen pass in and out fluid bore 4, cooling fluid manhole appendix 5, connect the air conducting groove 6 of air turnover fluid bore 3, connect the hydrogen flow guide groove 7 of hydrogen turnover fluid bore 4; The cooling fluid guiding gutter 8 that connects cold air fluid turnover fluid bore 4; Extend wing protrusion position 9 along the minor face both sides at the two ends, long limit of flow-guide double-pole plate, the width at each flank shape protrusion position 9 is 15mm, and wing protrusion position 9 is one-body molded with flow-guide double-pole plate; Cooling fluid manhole appendix 5 is arranged on the minor face edge at two ends, the long limit of flow-guide double-pole plate; Be cuboid to cool stream body opening 5, the length of side of its length and minor face is suitable, and but fluid slot 8 is linearly to connect the conduction cooling of cooling fluid manhole appendix 5 of flow-guide double-pole plate upper and lower side; Resistance is little; Cooling fluid manhole appendix 5 peripheries are provided with screw rod perforation 10, so that during with the utility model guide plate fuel cell stack assembly, through the fastening fuel cell pack usefulness of screw rod; Described air turnover fluid bore 3 is arranged on the said wing protrusion position 9 with hydrogen turnover fluid bore 4, is positioned at the place, diagonal angle at flow-guide double-pole plate two ends.Air turnover fluid bore 3 is slightly smaller than the area that wing is protruded position 9 with the area of hydrogen turnover fluid bore 4; The air conducting groove 6 that connects the air turnover fluid bore 3 on the wing protrusion position 9, place, flow-guide double-pole plate upper and lower side diagonal angle is serpentine; In like manner, hydrogen flow guide groove 7 also is serpentine.
Described airflow guiding slot plate 1 front is provided with air turnover fluid bore 3 and air conducting groove 6; Reverse side is provided with the air inlet approaching channel 11 that connects air turnover fluid bore 3 and air conducting groove 6, and this air inlet approaching channel 11 comprises the approaching channel and the hole of drawing that is connected front air conducting groove 6 that connects air turnover fluid bore 3, said approaching channel and draw the hole and interconnect; Air gets into from airflow guiding slot plate 1 front air intlet; Through its reverse side approaching channel guiding, get into and draw the hole, return and be arranged on positive air conducting groove; Guide to drawing the hole, getting into the approaching channel of reverse side again of air outlet slit place through the air conducting groove, return positive the outflow once more through air outlet slit then.
Described hydrogen flow guiding slot plate 2 fronts are provided with hydrogen turnover fluid bore 4 and hydrogen flow guide groove 7; Reverse side is provided with the air inlet approaching channel 12 that connects hydrogen turnover fluid bore and hydrogen flow guide groove, and this air inlet approaching channel 12 comprises the approaching channel and the hole of drawing that is connected front hydrogen flow guide groove 7 that connects hydrogen turnover fluid bore 4, said approaching channel and draw the hole and interconnect; Hydrogen gets into from hydrogen flow guiding slot plate 2 front hydrogen inlets; Through its reverse side approaching channel guiding, get into and draw the hole, return and be arranged on positive hydrogen flow guide groove; Guide to drawing the hole, getting into the approaching channel of reverse side again of hydrogen outlet place through the hydrogen flow guide groove, return positive the outflow once more through hydrogen outlet then.
The conduction cooling of this flow guide plate of fuel cell that helps reducing the cooling fluid flow resistance but fluid can be water or air; Or even the bigger wet goods of flow resistance, conduction cooling but fluid slot 8 linearly can reduce the cooling heat dissipation fluid flow resistance; Therefore; Can adopt multiple materials such as water, high temperature heat conductive oil or air as cooling fluid,, also can be used for low-temperature fuel cell so above-mentioned guide plate can be used for high-temperature fuel cell.
And air turnover fluid bore directly is not connected at the same plate face of air baffle (front) with the air conducting groove; But connect through the air inlet approaching channel that is arranged on reverse side; This design makes air and hydrogen can not scurry mutually, and the also difficult obstruction of air conducting groove, in like manner; Hydrogen turnover fluid bore directly is not connected at the same plate face of hydrogen flow guide plate (front) with the hydrogen flow guide groove yet, but connects through the air inlet approaching channel that is arranged on reverse side.
Claims (6)
1. flow guide plate of fuel cell that helps reducing the cooling fluid flow resistance; This guide plate is a flow-guide double-pole plate; Described flow-guide double-pole plate is made up of airflow guiding slot plate that is bonded together and hydrogen flow guiding slot plate; Form but fluid interlayer of conduction cooling in the middle of airflow guiding slot plate and the hydrogen flow guiding slot plate, described flow-guide double-pole plate is provided with the fluid bore that can supply to pass in and out air, turnover hydrogen, turnover cooling fluid, and is connected in into and out of the guiding gutter between the fluid bore; It is characterized in that; Described flow-guide double-pole plate is a cuboid; Extend wing protrusion position along the minor face both sides at the two ends, long limit of this cuboid flow-guide double-pole plate; This wing protrusion position is provided with air turnover fluid bore and hydrogen turnover fluid bore, and the cooling fluid manhole appendix of flow-guide double-pole plate is arranged on the minor face edge at two ends, the long limit of flow-guide double-pole plate, and but fluid slot is linearly for the conduction cooling of the cooling fluid manhole appendix of connection flow-guide double-pole plate upper and lower side; Described airflow guiding slot plate front is provided with air turnover fluid bore and air conducting groove; Reverse side is provided with the air inlet approaching channel that connects air turnover fluid bore and air conducting groove, and described hydrogen flow guiding slot plate front is provided with hydrogen turnover fluid bore and hydrogen flow guide groove, and reverse side is provided with the air inlet approaching channel that connects hydrogen turnover fluid bore and hydrogen flow guide groove.
2. a kind of flow guide plate of fuel cell that helps reducing the cooling fluid flow resistance according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The minor face two flank shapes that described air turnover fluid bore and hydrogen turnover fluid bore are arranged on the two ends, long limit of flow-guide double-pole plate protrude on the position, are positioned at the place, diagonal angle at flow-guide double-pole plate two ends.
3. a kind of flow guide plate of fuel cell that helps reducing the cooling fluid flow resistance according to claim 1 is characterized in that described air conducting groove and hydrogen flow guide groove are serpentine.
4. a kind of flow guide plate of fuel cell that helps reducing the cooling fluid flow resistance according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the periphery of described cooling fluid manhole appendix is provided with the screw rod perforation.
5. a kind of flow guide plate of fuel cell that helps reducing the cooling fluid flow resistance according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The air inlet approaching channel of described airflow guiding slot plate reverse side comprises the approaching channel and the hole of drawing that is connected front air conducting groove that connects air turnover fluid bore, said approaching channel and draw the hole and interconnect.
6. a kind of flow guide plate of fuel cell that helps reducing the cooling fluid flow resistance according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The air inlet approaching channel of described hydrogen flow guiding slot plate reverse side comprises the approaching channel and the hole of drawing that is connected front hydrogen flow guide groove that connects hydrogen turnover fluid bore, said approaching channel and draw the hole and interconnect.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201120183518U CN202134612U (en) | 2011-06-01 | 2011-06-01 | Fuel cell flow-guide polar plate facilitating reducing flowing resistance of cooling fluid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201120183518U CN202134612U (en) | 2011-06-01 | 2011-06-01 | Fuel cell flow-guide polar plate facilitating reducing flowing resistance of cooling fluid |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202134612U true CN202134612U (en) | 2012-02-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201120183518U Expired - Lifetime CN202134612U (en) | 2011-06-01 | 2011-06-01 | Fuel cell flow-guide polar plate facilitating reducing flowing resistance of cooling fluid |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN202134612U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102810676A (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-12-05 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell flow guide electrode plate beneficial to reduction of flow resistance of cooling fluid |
| CN108232247A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-29 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of high-temperature fuel cell system and its operation method |
-
2011
- 2011-06-01 CN CN201120183518U patent/CN202134612U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102810676A (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-12-05 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell flow guide electrode plate beneficial to reduction of flow resistance of cooling fluid |
| CN102810676B (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2014-07-30 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell flow guide electrode plate beneficial to reduction of flow resistance of cooling fluid |
| CN108232247A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-29 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of high-temperature fuel cell system and its operation method |
| CN108232247B (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2020-06-16 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | High-temperature fuel cell system and operation method thereof |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20120201 Effective date of abandoning: 20140730 |
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| RGAV | Abandon patent right to avoid regrant |