CN102110838A - Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack - Google Patents

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102110838A
CN102110838A CN2009102597321A CN200910259732A CN102110838A CN 102110838 A CN102110838 A CN 102110838A CN 2009102597321 A CN2009102597321 A CN 2009102597321A CN 200910259732 A CN200910259732 A CN 200910259732A CN 102110838 A CN102110838 A CN 102110838A
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China
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fuel cell
plate
proton exchange
rebound
collector plate
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CN2009102597321A
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CN102110838B (en
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顾军
于涛
刘建国
邹志刚
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Nanjing University
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Nanjing University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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Abstract

The invention discloses a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack comprises a cell set which is formed by overlaying a plurality of single cells in series, and collector plates, an insulating plate and an end plate which are arranged at two ends of the cell set in turn, wherein a gas channel is formed in the stack; spacer layers which are protruding structure layers of the insulating plate are arranged between the collector plates and the gas channel; conductive transition plates are arranged between the cell set and two collector plates; and reaction gas channels are formed in the middles of the transition plates and are communicated with the gas channel. By arranging the spacer layers and the transition plates, the chemical corrosion of the collector plates is avoided, and the effective acquisition of the current of the fuel cell is ensured, so that the cost of the fuel cell is reduced, and the service life of the fuel cell is prolonged.

Description

A kind of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fuel cell technology field, particularly, relate to a kind of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling.
Background technology
Fuel cell technology is a kind of cleaning, the reproducible energy conversion technology that electric energy, heat energy and water that hydrogen and oxygen are produced when electrochemical reaction takes place are utilized.Fuel cell can be divided into alkaline fuel cell, phosphoric acid fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell, Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells etc. according to the electrolyte difference.And Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells has obtained common attention in the world because its power density is big, working temperature is low, battery structure is simple, pressure is changed characteristics such as insensitive, and its product also progresses into market.
The electrolyte of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is a proton exchange membrane, and at present widely used is the Nafion series perfluoro sulfonic acid membrane that E.I.Du Pont Company produces.The effect of film is dual, provides the hydrogen ion passage as electrolyte, isolates polarization response gas as barrier film.Optimizing ion and the water transmission performance and the suitable water management of film, is the key that guarantees battery performance.In the both sides of barrier film, one deck catalyst layer is arranged respectively.Catalyst mainly is made up of Pt/C, adds Nafion solution in Catalytic Layer again, to increase proton conduction performance and Catalytic Layer and electrolytical contact performance.Catalytic Layer is the fuel cell gas conversion zone.In the both sides of Catalytic Layer, one deck gas diffusion layers is respectively arranged, main effect is that the conduction, gas of supporter, inside battery as Catalytic Layer is in the distribution of electrode surface, the discharge of product etc.At present, the material of diffusion layer mainly is carbon paper, carbon cloth or wire netting.Dielectric film, Catalytic Layer and gas diffusion layers mutual group become membrane electrode (MEA).Monocell is made up of membrane electrode and the flow-field plate that is arranged on its both sides, and wherein flow-field plate graphite cake material commonly used is made, and is processed into water conservancy diversion fluid slot and the fluid passage with definite shape through milling machine.
Fuel cell pile is the battery pack that the stack of multi-disc monocell is cascaded.In the time of the assembling pile,, respectively need the electric current that a slice collector plate is used to collect pile at the two ends of pile (both positive and negative polarity) for the power delivery that the fuel cell chemical reaction is produced arrives load.For monocell is forced together closely, the two ends of pile need the end plate of certain intensity as support; Between end plate and collector plate, need to be equipped with insulation board, to avoid electric current and leak outside, cause battery short circuit.The reaction gas of fuel cell enters fuel cell membrane electrode from the pile outside via end plate, insulation board, collector plate by gas passage.When the reacting gas of certain humidity and temperature passes through collector plate, under the operational environment of fuel cell, cause the corrosion of collector plate easily.Therefore, the material of collector plate is selected to be restricted, it must be material corrosion-resistant, high conductivity, such as copper, silver, gold or be coated with the stainless steel of copper, silver, gold, even so, can not prevent the corrosion of collector plate fully, after a period of time, the resistance of collector plate still can increase to some extent at fuel cell operation.So not only increased the cost of fuel cell pile, and reduced the life-span of fuel cell.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling at above-mentioned defective of the prior art.
The technical scheme that realizes above-mentioned purpose is as follows:
A kind of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling, comprise the battery pack that forms by a plurality of monocell overlapped in series, the collector plate, insulation board and the end plate that set gradually at described battery pack two ends, also be provided with gas passage in the described pile, be provided with interlayer between described collector plate and the gas passage.
Further, described interlayer is the projective structure layer of insulation board.
Further, be provided with the rebound of conductivity between described battery pack and two collector plate, and have reactant gas passage in the middle of the described rebound, this reactant gas passage is connected with described gas passage.
Further, adopt the form sealing of sealing ring or fluid sealant between described rebound and the battery pack; Adopt the form sealing of sealing ring or fluid sealant between described rebound and the gas passage.
Further, described collector plate can be metallic plates such as aluminium sheet, corrosion resistant plate, copper coin or is coated with the metallic plate such as aluminium sheet, corrosion resistant plate, copper coin of corrosion-inhibiting coating.
Further, described rebound can or be coated with the metallic plate such as copper coin, corrosion resistant plate, aluminium sheet of corrosion-inhibiting coating for metallic plates such as copper coin, corrosion resistant plate, aluminium sheets.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, between collector plate and gas passage, is provided with dividing plate (can be the projective structure layer of insulation board), collector plate can be included in the inboard, directly do not contact with reacting gas with certain humidity, collector plate can not corroded under the fuel cell operation environment yet, therefore collector plate can be used high conductivity material cheaply such as copper coin, corrosion resistant plate, aluminium sheet, can reduce the cost of fuel cell pile, prolong the useful life of fuel cell.
2, between the battery pack of pile and collector plate, increase one deck rebound, because rebound has certain conductivity, can not influence the power taking of collector plate, rebound also is a resistant material simultaneously, but its corrosion-resistant degree is less demanding, so rebound can use copper coin, corrosion resistant plate, aluminium sheet cheaply or be coated with the metallic plate such as copper coin, corrosion resistant plate, aluminium sheet of corrosion-inhibiting coating.
3,, can also between rebound and battery pack, rebound and gas passage, adopt the form sealing of sealing ring or fluid sealant in order to prevent reacting gas to the pile external leakage.
A kind of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling of the present invention not only can be avoided the chemical corrosion of collector plate, can also guarantee effective collection of fuel cell current, thereby reduces the fuel cell cost.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes the part of specification, is used from explanation the present invention with embodiments of the invention one, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of common proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling;
Fig. 2 is that traditional proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling advances/cross-sectional view at gas outlet place;
Fig. 3 is that proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling of the present invention advances/cross-sectional view at gas outlet place.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, Reference numeral is as follows in the embodiment of the invention:
The 1-monocell; The 2-membrane electrode; 3-hydrogen stream field plate; 4-air flow field plate; The 5-collector plate; The 6-insulation board; The 7-end plate; 8a-hydrogen input channel; 8b-hydrogen output channel; 9a-air output channel; The 9b-air input passage; 10-gas I/O channel connector; 11-gas I/O passage; The 12-end plate; The 13-insulation board; The 14-collector plate; 15-monocell flow-field plate; The 16-seal; 17-gas I/O channel connector; 18-gas I/O passage; The 19-end plate; The 20-insulation board; The 21-interlayer; The 22-collector plate; The 23-rebound; 24-monocell flow-field plate; The 25-seal.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein only is used for description and interpretation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of common proton membrane fuel battery pile, pile forms battery pack by monocell 1 (3) overlapped in series, monocell 1 is made up of membrane electrode 2 and the hydrogen stream field plate 3, the air flow field plate 4 that are arranged on its both sides, be disposed with collector plate 5, insulation board 6 and end plate 7 at the battery pack two ends respectively, also be provided with gas passage (8a-hydrogen input channel in the described pile; 8b-hydrogen output channel; 9a-air output channel; The 9b-air input passage).Wherein flow-field plate (hydrogen stream field plate 3, air flow field plate 4) mainly is sintering graphite plate or die-pressed graphite plate, and a side of flow-field plate is a gas flow, and opposite side is the heat eliminating medium runner; The collector plate 5 adjacent with the flow-field plate of battery pack must be material corrosion-resistant, high conductivity, and such as copper, silver, gold or be coated with the stainless steel of copper, silver, gold, mainly the electric energy transmitting that electrochemical reaction is generated is to load; Insulation board 6 main materials are resin, nylon or plastics etc., prevent that the electric energy that fuel cell produces from leaking or battery short circuit; End plate 7 materials are corrosion resistant plate or aluminium sheets that certain degree of hardness is arranged, and mainly are in order to guarantee that fuel cell pile has certain pressure.
Fig. 2 is that traditional proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling advances/cross-sectional view at gas outlet place.Wherein 10 is gas I/O channel connector, 11 is gas I/O passage, reaction hydrogen or air enter into monocell flow-field plate 15 via gas I/O passage 11 or flow out through monocell flow-field plate 15, and carry out electrochemical reaction at inside battery; End plate 12 is used for the air pressure of balance fuel inside battery and reduces the contact resistance of fuel cell; Thereby insulation board 13 prevent fuel cell externally electric leakage cause and electric energy loss be common plate body; Collector plate 14 is used to collect the electric energy that fuel cell produces, and it directly contacts with gas I/O passage 11.In order to prevent that gas to the pile external leakage, is equipped with seal 16 on collector plate 14, can be sealing ring, fluid sealant etc.Because in the operation of fuel cells environment, the humidity of gas is about 50%, voltage is 0.5V to tens volt, cause the corrosion of collector plate 14 easily at seal 16 places, and the whole plane of progressively expanding collector plate 16 to, further increase the resistance of collector plate 16, thereby influence the delivery efficiency of fuel cell.Therefore collector plate 16 must be good, the corrosion resistant metal of conductivity, such as copper, silver, gold or be coated with the stainless steel of copper, silver, gold, even so, can not prevent the corrosion of collector plate 16 fully, after a period of time, the resistance of collector plate 16 still can increase to some extent at fuel cell operation.So not only increased the cost of fuel cell pile, and reduced the life-span of fuel cell.
Fig. 3 is that proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling of the present invention advances/cross-sectional view at gas outlet place, wherein 17 is gas I/O channel connectors, the 18th, gas I/O passage, reaction hydrogen or air enter into monocell flow-field plate 24 via gas I/O passage 18 or flow out through monocell flow-field plate 24, and carry out electrochemical reaction at inside battery.End plate 19 is used for the air pressure of balance fuel inside battery and reduces the contact resistance of fuel cell.External electric leakage causes electric energy loss thereby insulation board 20 prevents fuel cell.Interlayer 21 is between collector plate 22 and gas I/O passage 18, this interlayer 21 is the projective structure layer of insulation board 20, be that insulation board 20 is T fonts, interlayer 21 can be with collector plate 22 and gas I/O passage 18 isolated opening, collector plate 22 is not directly contacted with the reacting gas with certain humidity, collector plate 22 can not corroded under the fuel cell operation environment, therefore collector plate 22 does not need the corrosion resistance material, can be the low high conductivity material of cost such as copper coin, corrosion resistant plate, aluminium sheet or the copper coin that scribbles corrosion-inhibiting coating, corrosion resistant plate, aluminium sheet.Between collector plate 22 and monocell flow-field plate 24, a conductivity rebound 23 is arranged, and rebound 23 to collector plate 22, and then is transferred to load by collector plate 22 with the current delivery of fuel cell, have reactant gas passage in the middle of the rebound 23, for reaction gas inflow/outflow pile.In order to prevent reacting gas to the pile external leakage, between rebound 23 and monocell flow-field plate 24, rebound 23 and gas I/O passage 18, adopt seal 25, can be sealing ring or fluid sealant.Reacting gas directly contacts with rebound 23, so rebound 23 also is a resistant material, but corrosion-resistant degree is less demanding, so rebound 23 can be metal materials such as copper coin, corrosion resistant plate, aluminium sheet or the copper coin that is coated with corrosion-inhibiting coating, corrosion resistant plate, aluminium sheet.
In sum, a kind of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling of the present invention, improvement with respect to prior art is mainly: for fear of the corrosion of collector plate, between collector plate and gas passage, adopt the setting of interlayer (as the projective structure layer of insulation board), so collector plate can adopt high-conductivity material cheaply.In order to guarantee effective collection of fuel cell current, air flow field plate one side at the pile positive pole is equipped with conduction, corrosion-resistant rebound, and the material of rebound can be metal or conducting polymer composite.Have reactant gas passage in the middle of the rebound, for reaction gas inflow/outflow pile; Between rebound and air flow field plate, adopt the form sealing of sealing ring or fluid sealant; Between rebound and gas passage, adopt the form sealing of sealing ring or fluid sealant; In hydrogen stream field plate one side of pile negative pole, conduction, corrosion-resistant rebound are housed equally, the material of rebound can be metal or conducting polymer composite.Have reactant gas passage in the middle of the rebound, for reaction gas inflow/outflow pile.
It should be noted that at last: the above only is the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling, comprise the battery pack that forms by a plurality of monocell overlapped in series, the collector plate, insulation board and the end plate that set gradually at described battery pack two ends, also be provided with gas passage in the described pile, it is characterized in that, be provided with interlayer between described collector plate and the gas passage.
2. a kind of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described interlayer is the projective structure layer of insulation board.
3. a kind of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, be provided with the rebound of conductivity between described battery pack and two collector plate, and have reactant gas passage in the middle of the described rebound, this reactant gas passage is connected with described gas passage.
4. a kind of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling according to claim 3 is characterized in that, adopts the form sealing of sealing ring or fluid sealant between described rebound and the battery pack; Adopt the form sealing of sealing ring or fluid sealant between described rebound and the gas passage.
5. a kind of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described collector plate can be aluminium sheet, corrosion resistant plate, copper coin or is coated with aluminium sheet, corrosion resistant plate, the copper coin of corrosion-inhibiting coating.
6. a kind of proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described rebound can or be coated with copper coin, corrosion resistant plate, the aluminium sheet of corrosion-inhibiting coating for copper coin, corrosion resistant plate, aluminium sheet.
CN200910259732.1A 2009-12-24 2009-12-24 Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack Expired - Fee Related CN102110838B (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105591143A (en) * 2014-11-10 2016-05-18 丰田自动车株式会社 Fuel battery
CN110061276A (en) * 2014-11-10 2019-07-26 丰田自动车株式会社 The manufacturing method of fuel cell unit
CN111668524A (en) * 2020-06-23 2020-09-15 北京成功领行汽车技术有限责任公司 Fuel cell and control system and control method thereof
CN111769300A (en) * 2020-02-28 2020-10-13 上海市机电设计研究院有限公司 Preparation method of aluminum-based copper-plated current collecting plate for all-vanadium flow battery
CN111952620A (en) * 2019-05-14 2020-11-17 北京中氢绿能科技有限公司 Metal polar plate air cooling fuel cell pile

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101098015B (en) * 2006-06-27 2010-05-12 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 Fuel cell stack inlet and outlet device
CN201142335Y (en) * 2007-11-27 2008-10-29 汉能科技有限公司 Anti-corrosion structure for fuel cell

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105591143A (en) * 2014-11-10 2016-05-18 丰田自动车株式会社 Fuel battery
CN110061276A (en) * 2014-11-10 2019-07-26 丰田自动车株式会社 The manufacturing method of fuel cell unit
CN111952620A (en) * 2019-05-14 2020-11-17 北京中氢绿能科技有限公司 Metal polar plate air cooling fuel cell pile
CN111769300A (en) * 2020-02-28 2020-10-13 上海市机电设计研究院有限公司 Preparation method of aluminum-based copper-plated current collecting plate for all-vanadium flow battery
CN111769300B (en) * 2020-02-28 2023-06-30 上海市机电设计研究院有限公司 Preparation method of aluminum-based copper-plated current collector for all-vanadium redox flow battery
CN111668524A (en) * 2020-06-23 2020-09-15 北京成功领行汽车技术有限责任公司 Fuel cell and control system and control method thereof

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