CN111040136A - 一种含edot单元的聚合物及制备和作为电致变色材料的应用 - Google Patents

一种含edot单元的聚合物及制备和作为电致变色材料的应用 Download PDF

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CN111040136A
CN111040136A CN201911307345.0A CN201911307345A CN111040136A CN 111040136 A CN111040136 A CN 111040136A CN 201911307345 A CN201911307345 A CN 201911307345A CN 111040136 A CN111040136 A CN 111040136A
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汪成
徐浩然
马东阁
侯艳君
代岩峰
张洪岩
王淑红
虢德超
孙治尧
白续铎
韩晓宁
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South China University of Technology SCUT
Heilongjiang University
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Abstract

本发明属于电致变色材料领域，公开了一种含EDOT单元的聚合物及制备和作为电致变色材料的应用。所述含EDOT单元的聚合物具有如下式(I)所示的结构。其制备方法为：将EDOT、四丁基溴化铵和碱溶于有机溶剂中，室温搅拌混合均匀，然后加入2,6‑二溴‑9,10‑二联苯蒽和乙酸钯，氮气保护及130‑140℃温度下搅拌反应22‑24h，反应产物经分离纯化，得到含EDOT单元的聚合物。本发明将EDOT与大共轭芳香化合物一起引入聚合物结构中，使得聚合物的电致变色性能得到改善。

Description

一种含EDOT单元的聚合物及制备和作为电致变色材料的应用
技术领域
本发明属于电致变色材料领域，具体涉及一种含EDOT单元的聚合物及制备和作为电致变色材料的应用。
背景技术
随着科技的发展，人类对于材料的要求也越来越高，其中电致变色材料作为一种新兴智能材料而受到公众的广泛关注。电致变色通常被定义为某些聚合物材料具有能够通过其氧化还原状态的改变而使自身发生可逆的颜色变化的独特性质。聚合物电致变色材料由于具有分子设计多样性、变色范围宽广和容易加工等特点，受到人们的重视。
目前，人们研究较多的导电聚合物高分子材料以聚噻吩、聚苯胺、聚吡咯等为主。聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(PEDOT)是一种较为常用的导电聚合物，但相较于其他电致变色材料，循环寿命较短，颜色单一，在实际应用中受到了很大的制约。而大共轭芳香化合物具有高度极化的电子体系，在有机发光二极管、染料和颜料的应用中发挥着重要作用，然而却很少被应用于电致变色领域。
发明内容
针对以上现有技术存在的缺点和不足之处，本发明的首要目的在于提供一种含EDOT单元的聚合物。本发明将EDOT与大共轭芳香化合物一起引入聚合物结构中，会使聚合物性质得到改善。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述含EDOT单元的聚合物的制备方法。
本发明的再一目的在于提供上述含EDOT单元的聚合物作为电致变色材料的应用。
本发明目的通过以下技术方案实现：
一种含EDOT单元的聚合物，具有如下式(I)所示的结构：
Figure BDA0002323535210000021
式中，n为10-20的整数。
上述含EDOT单元的聚合物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
将3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(EDOT)、四丁基溴化铵(TBAB)和碱溶于有机溶剂中，室温搅拌混合均匀，然后加入2,6-二溴-9,10-二联苯蒽和乙酸钯(Pd(AcO)2)，氮气保护及130-140℃温度下搅拌反应22-24h，反应产物经分离纯化，得到含EDOT单元的聚合物，具体反应式如下：
Figure BDA0002323535210000022
优选地，所述碱为乙酸钾或碳酸钾。
优选地，所述有机溶剂为N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)。
优选地，所述EDOT与2,6-二溴-9,10-二联苯蒽的物质的量之比为1:(1～1.2)。
优选地，所述EDOT与四丁基溴化铵的物质的量之比为1:(2～2.4)。
优选地，所述EDOT与乙酸钾的物质的量之比为1:(2～2.4)。
优选地，所述乙酸钯的加入量为EDOT摩尔量的3％～6％。
优选地，所述EDOT的物质的量与有机溶剂的摩尔体积比为1:(80～120)mol/L。
优选地，所述分离纯化步骤为：反应结束后将混合物冷却并倒入冷甲醇中沉淀，过滤沉淀，以甲醇、己烷和氯仿为溶剂，用索氏提取法进行纯化得到暗红色固体产物。
上述含EDOT单元的聚合物作为电致变色材料的应用。
本发明含EDOT单元的聚合物具有如下优点及有益效果：
本发明将EDOT与大共轭芳香化合物一起引入聚合物结构中，使得聚合物的电致变色性能得到改善。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1中所得含EDOT单元的聚合物的核磁共振氢谱图。
图2为本发明实施例1中所得含EDOT单元的聚合物的红外光谱图。
图3为本发明实施例1中所得含EDOT单元的聚合物的循环伏安图。
图4为本发明实施例1中所得含EDOT单元的聚合物的电致变色图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例及附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1
将3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(EDOT)(0.43g，3mmol)、四丁基溴化铵(1.93g，6mmol)及乙酸钾(0.59g，6mmol)溶于100mL N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)，室温下搅拌15分钟。15分钟后加入2,6-二溴-9,10-二联苯蒽(购买自黑龙江省科学院石油化学研究院)(1.92g，3mmol)、乙酸钯(0.02g，3％)。将混合物在氮气保护下，140℃下搅拌反应24小时。反应结束后将混合物冷却并倒入冷甲醇中沉淀。过滤沉淀，以甲醇、己烷和氯仿为溶剂，用索氏提取法进行纯化得到暗红色固体状含EDOT单元的聚合物。
图1为本实施例制备的含EDOT单元的聚合物的核磁共振氢谱图，从图可知1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.25–8.11(m,2H),7.95–7.74(m,10H),7.73–7.49(m,10H),7.43(t,J＝7.4Hz,2H),4.16(s,4H).
图2为本实施例制备的含EDOT单元的聚合物的红外光谱图，从图可知FT-IR(KBr,ν,cm-1)2924cm-1为饱和C-H伸缩振动吸收峰；1168cm-1为C-O-C中等强度的吸收峰；1400-1500cm-1为芳香稠环C骨架的吸收谱带；噻吩环C＝C在1488cm-1有明显的吸收峰。
通过图1和图2可以证明本发明制备的含EDOT单元的聚合物的结构式如下：
Figure BDA0002323535210000041
图3为本实施例制备的含EDOT单元的聚合物的循环伏安图，聚合物的电化学性能是通过循环伏安法测试得到的，将聚合物溶于DMF中涂在ITO导电玻璃上(聚合物面积约为1cm2)作为工作电极，Ag/AgCl作为参比电极，铂丝作为对电极，0.2M TBAP/CH3CN作为电解质溶液，在涂有聚合物薄膜的ITO玻璃板上在施加循环可逆电压，聚合物的谱图如图3所示，可以观察到在1.23V处出现氧化峰，在和0.62V处出现了还原峰。
图4为本实施例制备的含EDOT单元的聚合物的电致变色图，通过紫外-可见光光谱对共轭聚合物的薄膜进行测试研究，其中测试条件与循环伏安测试相同，0-1.6V。在初始状态下，涂覆在ITO上的聚合物薄膜呈现淡红色，在无电压施加的情况下，其最强吸收峰在334nm处，当施加电位以相同的电压间隔从0V增加到1.6V时，薄膜在710nm处出现新的吸收峰，聚合物的颜色由淡红色变为深绿色。
实施例2
将3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(EDOT)(0.43g，3mmol)、四丁基溴化铵(1.93g，6mmol)及碳酸钾(0.83g，6mmol)溶于100mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)，室温下搅拌15分钟。15分钟后加入2,6-二溴-9,10-二联苯蒽(1.92g，3mmol)、乙酸钯(0.02g，3％)。将混合物在氮气保护下，140℃下搅拌反应24小时。反应结束后将混合物冷却并倒入冷甲醇中沉淀。过滤沉淀，以甲醇、己烷和氯仿为溶剂，用索氏提取法进行纯化得到暗红色固体状含EDOT单元的聚合物。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其它的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种含EDOT单元的聚合物，其特征在于所述含EDOT单元的聚合物具有如下式(I)所示的结构：
Figure FDA0002323535200000011
式中，n为10-20的整数。
2.权利要求1所述的一种含EDOT单元的聚合物的制备方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
将EDOT、四丁基溴化铵和碱溶于有机溶剂中，室温搅拌混合均匀，然后加入2,6-二溴-9,10-二联苯蒽和乙酸钯，氮气保护及130-140℃温度下搅拌反应22-24h，反应产物经分离纯化，得到含EDOT单元的聚合物，具体反应式如下：
Figure FDA0002323535200000012
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种含EDOT单元的聚合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述碱为乙酸钾或碳酸钾。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种含EDOT单元的聚合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述有机溶剂为N-甲基吡咯烷酮或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种含EDOT单元的聚合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述EDOT与2,6-二溴-9,10-二联苯蒽的物质的量之比为1:(1～1.2)。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种含EDOT单元的聚合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述EDOT与四丁基溴化铵的物质的量之比为1:(2～2.4)。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种含EDOT单元的聚合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述EDOT与乙酸钾的物质的量之比为1:(2～2.4)。
8.根据权利要求2所述的一种含EDOT单元的聚合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述乙酸钯的加入量为EDOT摩尔量的3％～6％；所述EDOT的物质的量与有机溶剂的摩尔体积比为1:(80～120)mol/L。
9.根据权利要求2所述的一种含EDOT单元的聚合物的制备方法，其特征在于所述分离纯化步骤为：反应结束后将混合物冷却并倒入冷甲醇中沉淀，过滤沉淀，以甲醇、己烷和氯仿为溶剂，用索氏提取法进行纯化得到暗红色固体产物。
10.权利要求1所述的一种含EDOT单元的聚合物作为电致变色材料的应用。
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