CN111019082B - 相容性占优的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

相容性占优的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN111019082B
CN111019082B CN201911297457.2A CN201911297457A CN111019082B CN 111019082 B CN111019082 B CN 111019082B CN 201911297457 A CN201911297457 A CN 201911297457A CN 111019082 B CN111019082 B CN 111019082B
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袁立新
沈彬
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Abstract

本发明公开了相容性占优的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物及其制备方法和应用,该组合物的水分散体系稳定性高,合成工艺简单可靠;具有教优的润湿性及流平性,对染料和颜料具有优良的相容性、极佳的对底材及层间的附着力,透明度以及超低的VOC,对丙烯酸乳液相容性较佳,可以制备水性光固化面漆和底漆,对金属与非金属具有优良的附着力,为制备开发高性能水性紫外光固化涂料有更多的材料选择余地和更广泛的应用。

Description

相容性占优的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物及其 制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于水性光固化涂料制备技术领域,具体涉及相容性占优的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
目前,UV固化树脂已广泛应用于涂料、油墨和胶粘剂等光固化体系的预聚体中。而水性UV固化树脂作为一种新型、环保和节能型树脂,其各项性能均优于传统的UV固化树脂。特别是水性UV树脂是高分子量的其粘度可以用水来调节且以水作为溶解介质,水性UV固化涂料具有安全环保、节能、粘度可调、可实现薄涂层涂布、成本较低既可应用于纸张上光油、丝网印刷油墨、平版印刷油墨、塑料清漆、罩光清漆和皮革涂料等方面,也可应用于光聚合物印刷版、凹印油墨和柔印油墨等应用领域,甚至在木器、木材涂饰、纺织面料、金属、陶瓷等领域也有较高的应用价值。国内外各个厂家都开发和应用水性UV树脂,国内有UV77A,UV-13,UV-500W等水性UV树脂广泛应用于皮革、塑料、纸张、木器等高装饰性要求领域,国外的有7177、7699系列广泛应用于水性木器漆与木地板行业。
在市场上大多数的该类水性UV树脂产品大多为阴离子体系,其做法是先在分子结构中引入羧酸基团,然后再用碱中和,从而得到亲水的阴离子基团。这种亲水技术的缺陷在于与其他乳液以及醇溶性染料相容性较差;涂膜固化后亲水的阴离子极性基团极易向涂层表面迁移,导致涂层表面吸水从而直接损害了涂层的耐水性、通透性和耐腐蚀性。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明针对目前的水性UV树脂涂料耐水解差,与乳液、颜料染料相容性较差,稳定性差,及透明度低的问题,提出一种水性UV聚氨酯树脂组合物及其制备方法,具体提供了一种相容性占优的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物及其制备方法。
本发明运用非离子亲水技术,成功避免了亲水基团的迁移,从而大大提高了涂膜的耐水性和耐腐蚀性能。再如本水分散体系的长期稳定性,颜料和醇溶性染料相容性,以及与阴离子丙烯酸乳液、阳离子丙烯酸乳液及强制乳化树脂乳液等相容性和稳定性都比较优异,拓展了水性UV树脂的应用范围领域。
本发明组合物的水分散体系稳定性高,极佳的对底材及层间的附着力,与颜料染料、阴离子丙烯酸乳液、阳离子丙烯酸乳液及强制乳化树脂乳液等良好的相容性和稳定性,优异的耐水性以及超低的VOC(挥发性有机物)和HAP(有害空气污染物)值,具有较低的粘度,为制备开发高性能水性涂料有更广阔的应用前景
技术方案:为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了相容性占优的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物,所述组合物包括以下重量份数的组分制成:二元醇树脂15~50份,多异氰酸酯3~15份,羟基丙烯酸酯1~10份,催化剂0.1~0.4份,端氨基甲氧基聚醚10~25份,去离子水35~230份,防腐剂0.2~0.8份。
其中,所述二元醇树脂为聚己内脂二元醇或聚呋喃二元醇或聚丙二醇二元醇或聚丁二烯二元醇或聚醚二元醇中的一种或其中任意几种的混合物,分子量为400~2000。
其中,所述多异氰酸酯为芳香族、脂肪族、脂环族二异氰酸酯或三聚体异氰酸酯一种或其中任意几种的混合物。
其中,所述羟基丙烯酸酯包括甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟丁酯或甲基丙烯酸羟己酯一种或其中任意几种的混合物。
其中,所述防腐剂为卡松类防腐剂。
本发明内容还包括所述的组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)取二元醇树脂和多异氰酸酯,升温至70~80℃,反应1~2小时得到异氰酸酯预聚物;
2)降温至50~60℃,加入端氨基甲氧基聚醚,升温至70~80℃,反应1~2小时得到扩链厚度异氰酸酯预聚物;
3)降温至50~60℃,按重量份数,加入羟基丙烯酸酯和催化剂,升温到60~70℃,反应1~2小时羟基丙烯酸酯封端的预聚物;
4)加入去离子水,去离子水搅拌乳化,然后加入防腐剂0.2~0.8份,在80±2℃搅拌保温2小时制得。
本发明内容还包括所述的组合物在制备高性能水性紫外光固化涂料中的应用。
有益效果:相比于现有技术,本发明具备以下优点:本发明用水取代传统的溶剂作为载体,且按照使用领域可以采用相应的丙烯酸乳液、醇酸乳液、硅溶胶、无机高分子树脂、有机硅乳液或其他强制乳化的乳液来拼用,使涂料达到相应的耐水,丰满度外观、附着力及耐化学腐蚀的性能指标,使生产工艺成本大幅度降低,以40%的固含量来算,每吨可节约成本4000-10000元。本发明选用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯制备相容性占优的非离子紫外光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物与丙烯酸乳液拼用,成本显著降低,使成品在木器、塑胶和陶瓷表面涂膜后,耐水性能得到极大提升,得到更优秀的附着力。采用非离子水分散体技术,参与反应后的成品,耐水性能更高,相容稳定性优异,使用范围更广阔。
附图说明
图1本发明的相容性占优的非离子紫外光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物与目前市面上销售的离子型的树脂组合物的稳定性比较;
图2本发明的相容性占优的非离子紫外光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物与目前市面上销售的离子型的树脂组合物的稳定性比较;
图3本发明实施例4的A配方、B配方和C配方分别制备的黑色ABS塑胶漆附着力测试图。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的技术方案进行进一步说明。
实施例1
1、取18g聚己内酯二元醇树脂(PCL1000,日本大赛路集团),8g聚醚N210(江苏省海安石油化工厂),11g异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(德国拜耳公司),升温至75±2℃,搅拌反应3小时;
2、降温至55±2℃,加入10g氨基甲氧基聚醚(晨化CAM2070),升温至75±2℃,搅拌反应3小时;
3、降温至55±2℃,加入羟基丙烯酸酯(江苏创腾HPA)1.5g,0.02g二月桂酸二丁基锡,升温到75±2℃,搅拌反应1.5小时;
4、加入去离子水72g,去离子水搅拌乳化,然后加入卡松防腐剂(Kathon,市售)0.2g在80±2℃搅拌保温2小时制得。
制得的成品为固含量40±2%(质量分数)稳定均一的一种相容性占优的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂,乳液为乳白至半透明状,贮存稳定性优异。
实施例2
1、取23.4g聚四氢呋喃二元醇树脂(PCL1000,日本大赛路集团),10.2g聚醚二元醇N210,11g二异氰酸酯HDI,升温至75±2℃,搅拌反应3.5小时;
2、降温至55±2℃,加入11.5g氨基聚乙二醇,升温至75±2℃,搅拌反应2.5小时;
3、降温至55±2℃,加入羟基丙烯酸酯2.0g,0.03g二月桂酸二丁基锡,升温到75±2℃,反应1.5小时;
4、加入去离子水87g,去离子水搅拌乳化,然后加入卡松防腐剂0.2g在80±2℃搅拌保温2小时制得。
制得的成品为固含量40±2%(质量分数)稳定均一的一种耐水解相容性占优的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂,乳液为乳白至半透明状,贮存稳定性优异。
实施例3
1、取26g聚己内酯二元醇树脂(PCL1000,日本大赛路集团),8g异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,4.8gHDI,升温至75±2℃,搅拌反应3.0小时;
2、降温至55±2℃,加入9.5g氨基聚乙二醇,升温至75±2℃,搅拌反应2小时;
3、降温至55±2℃,加入羟基丙烯酸酯1.8份,0.03g二月桂酸二丁基锡,升温到75±2℃,搅拌反应2.5小时;
4、加入去离子水75g,去离子水搅拌乳化,然后加入卡松防腐剂0.2g在80±2℃搅拌保温2小时制得。
制得的成品为固含量40±2%(质量分数)稳定均一的一种相容性占优的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂,乳液为乳白至半透明状,贮存稳定性优异。
将本发明的相容性占优的非离子紫外光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物与目前市面上销售的离子型的树脂组合物在稳定性与容忍性方面相差较大,如下表1、图1和图2。
表1
Figure BDA0002319263610000041
Figure BDA0002319263610000051
将实施例1制备的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂乳液和对比例离子型树脂组合物乳液中加入乙醇观察其稳定性,乳液比乙醇重量比的1比1,图1左边的试管是对比例阴离子型UV乳液沉淀分层,右边的试管是实施例1制备的非离子型UV乳液均匀稳定;图2是分别在实施例2制备的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂乳液和对比例离子型树脂组合物乳液中加入5%规格为30%的乙醇醇溶液,图2左边的是对比例离子型UV乳液试管摇动液体已经看到挂壁的颗粒析出物,而图2实施例2制备的右边非离子UV乳液同样操作则是呈均一液体。
实施例4
实施例3中制备的用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯制备相容性占优的非离子紫外光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物与丙烯酸乳液拼用,成本显著降低,使成品在ABS塑胶表面涂膜后,耐水性能得到极大提升,得到更优秀的附着力。采用非离子水分散体技术,耐水性能更高,相容性更稳定。具体组分见表2。
表2高性能水性塑胶漆配方
Figure BDA0002319263610000052
Figure BDA0002319263610000061
生产工艺:按照表2的配方投入10,加入1和4将体系的PH调至8~9的体系稳定范围,开启高速搅拌机300~700r/min的速度下依次加入11或12和13,再加入2、3、5、6、7、8和9,搅拌30~40分钟,取样检测,检测合格后过滤包装。
涂装工艺:在ABS塑胶曲面板上喷涂完成后放置15分钟左右后进入烘道烘烤,烘烤条件为70℃/30~45min;烘烤后凉至室温再过UV固化并进行涂层检测。对本发明涂料组合物塑胶涂料与离子型水性塑胶涂料及一般聚氨酯改性丙烯酸乳液塑胶涂料的耐水性耐介质对比测试检测结果列于表4。
表4
Figure BDA0002319263610000062
Figure BDA0002319263610000071
从上表A配方(图3A)、B配方(图3B)和C配方(图3C)分别制备黑色ABS塑胶漆,从图3看出本发明组合物制备的黑色ABS塑胶漆(图3A),附着力优秀,没有脱落的情况出现,B配方(图3B)和C配方(图3C)分别有不同程度的脱落,与丙烯酸乳液拼用,使生产工艺成本大幅度降低,以40%的固含量来算,每吨可节约成本4000-10000元,因此,组合物成本显著降低,耐水性能更高,相容稳定性优异,使用范围更广阔。

Claims (8)

1.相容性占优的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物包括以下重量份数的组分制成:二元醇树脂15~50 份,多异氰酸酯3~15份,羟基丙烯酸酯1~10 份,催化剂0.1~0.4 份,端氨基甲氧基聚醚10~25 份,去离子水35~230 份,防腐剂0.2~0.8份;所述端氨基甲氧基聚醚为端伯胺基且甲氧基封端的聚醚,其分子量为300~3000;所述的组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)取二元醇树脂和多异氰酸酯,升温至70~80℃,反应2~4 小时得到异氰酸酯预聚物;
2)降温至50~60℃,加入端氨基甲氧基聚醚,升温至70~80℃,反应2~4 小时得到扩链后的异氰酸酯预聚物;
3)降温至50~60℃,按重量份数,加入羟基丙烯酸酯和催化剂,升温到60~70℃,反应2~4小时得到羟基丙烯酸酯封端的异氰酸酯预聚物;
4)加入去离子水,去离子水搅拌乳化,然后加入防腐剂0.2~0.8份,在80±2℃搅拌保温2小时制得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的相容性占优的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物,其特征在于,所述二元醇树脂为聚醚二元醇,分子量为400~2000。
3.根据权利要求1所述的相容性占优的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物,其特征在于,所述多异氰酸酯为芳香族、脂肪族或脂环族二异氰酸酯中的一种或任意几种的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的相容性占优的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物,其特征在于,所述羟基丙烯酸酯为甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟丁酯或甲基丙烯酸羟己酯一种或其中任意几种的混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的相容性占优的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物,其特征在于,所述催化剂为有机胺、有机锡或有机铋中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的相容性占优的非离子光固化聚氨酯水分散体树脂组合物,其特征在于,所述防腐剂为卡松类防腐剂。
7.权利要求1~6任一项所述的组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)取二元醇树脂和多异氰酸酯,升温至70~80℃,反应2~4 小时得到异氰酸酯预聚物;
2)降温至50~60℃,加入端氨基甲氧基聚醚,升温至70~80℃,反应2~4 小时得到扩链后的异氰酸酯预聚物;
3)降温至50~60℃,按重量份数,加入羟基丙烯酸酯和催化剂,升温到60~70℃,反应2~4小时得到羟基丙烯酸酯封端的异氰酸酯预聚物;
4)加入去离子水,去离子水搅拌乳化,然后加入防腐剂0.2~0.8份,在80±2℃搅拌保温2小时制得。
8.权利要求1~6任一项所述的组合物在制备高性能水性紫外光固化涂料中的应用。
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