CN109486393B - 一种pvc表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种pvc表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109486393B
CN109486393B CN201811359012.8A CN201811359012A CN109486393B CN 109486393 B CN109486393 B CN 109486393B CN 201811359012 A CN201811359012 A CN 201811359012A CN 109486393 B CN109486393 B CN 109486393B
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林国良
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Zhangzhou Green Spring Science And Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料及其制备方法。PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料包含了聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液、水性抗污剂、水性固化剂、水性润湿剂、水性消泡剂、水性流平剂等。本发明的专用涂料对环境友好，附着力强，解决了PVC基材在印刷过程中塑化剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的析出对涂料的破坏性。本发明的涂料采用胺基水性树脂交联剂作为固化剂，在常温条件下印刷，形成的涂层可达到很好的附着牢度和耐水、抗粘连性，在后续装饰面板贴合工艺中通过150℃～180℃贴合缸，涂料中含有的固化剂发生交联反应，最终形成光泽度≥90度的高光抗污耐磨水性涂层，硬度≥2H，增加了耐磨、耐酒精、抗污等特性。

Description

一种PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种水性涂料，具体涉及一种PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料。
背景技术
随着人民生活水平的提高，大量商品住房、酒店及展览馆的涌现，人们对室内装饰材料的要求不断提高。PVC表面装饰包覆的家具由于具有良好的装饰效果，得到了广泛的应用。
PVC表面装饰包覆的家具的表面涂层主要起着抗污耐摩擦的作用，传统的PVC表面涂层以有机溶剂作为分散介质，溶剂的挥发不仅造成大气污染破坏生态平衡，且印品干燥后仍会残留部分甲醛等有机溶剂，长期接触就会对人体造成危害，甚至引起慢性中毒。
水性涂料是以水代替传统涂料中的有机溶剂作为分散介质的高分子材料，具有无毒无污染、不燃不爆和成本低等优点。但市场上的水性PVC表面涂料在应用上也存在一系列问题，如附着力较低，抗污耐磨性能较差，功能单一，装饰能力较弱。因此，本发明提供一种PVC表面装饰专用的水性涂料，在健康、环保的基础上，提高其使用性能，如抗污、耐水、耐摩擦等，并提高其表面装饰性。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的，在于提供一种PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料，能有效地克服上述不足，具有无污染、耐磨、抗污、防涂鸦、耐水、耐酒精的特性，并且光泽度好，表面装饰性佳。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的专用水性涂料原料是由聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液、水性固化剂、水性抗污剂、水性润湿剂、水性消泡剂、水性流平剂等组成。
本发明专用水性油墨各组分的重量百分比为：
聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液60-75％
水性固化剂 0.5-2％
水性抗污剂 3-4％
水性润湿剂 0.1-2％
水性消泡剂 0.1-0.7％
水性流平剂 0.1-1％
纯净水 余量。
作为优选，所述的印刷用的基材是软质PVC，在挤出成型的过程中加入了45％-55％的塑化剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)，在印刷过程中遇高温析出，会破坏涂料，使印刷后成品出现反粘现象。本发明涂料能够有效克服这种PVC的该缺点。
作为优选，所述的水性涂料是以纯净水为溶剂来调整聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液和各助剂。
作为优选，所述的水性油墨的连接料是聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液，可通过以下方法制成：所述聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液的原料组成，按单体总质量计，包括聚碳酸酯二醇60-65份，异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯30-35份，二月桂酸二丁基锡0.05-0.3份，三羟甲基丙烷0.5-1.5份，二羟甲基丁酸2.5-5份，三乙胺1-3份，乙二胺0.5-1份。将计量好的聚碳酸酯二醇、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷和催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡加入到反应釜中，加热至70-80℃，保温搅拌0.5-1.5小时，加入二羟甲基丁酸继续反应0.5-1.5小时；然后降温至35℃以下，加入三乙胺中和，分散完全后加入水进行高速乳化，水的加入量为单体总质量的1.8～2.2倍；最后加入用8-12倍体积水稀释的乙二胺扩链，即为聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液。具有耐水、抗老化的特性，在PVC基材上的附着力强。
作为优选，所述的水性固化剂是水性高温架桥剂，优选胺基型水性树脂交联剂，型号D-04，固含量60％，它与水性聚氨酯树脂在高温下产生交联作用，形成绸状结构。所述的D-04胺基型水性树脂交联剂是高温交联型固化剂，在常温下不交联，温度达到120℃以上，产生开封交联反应，明显提高水性树脂的硬度、耐磨性及抗污性。
作为优选，所述的水性抗污剂是含羟基官能团的聚二甲基硅氧烷乳液，型号德国TEGO 5100N，不挥发物CA.55％，基于不挥发物的羟值ca.25mg KOH/g。
作为优选，所述的水性润湿剂是高性能乙氧基化非离子超强润湿剂，型号HH-607，活性物含量100％，无硅无油，不含APEO。
作为优选，所述的水性消泡剂是水性聚氨酯消泡剂，型号F-828，其有效含量98％，pH值5-8。
作为优选，所述的水性流平剂是聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液，型号德国BYK346。
一种PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料的制备方法分两步完成：第一步，制备聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液；第二步，按重量分数比例称取原料，将所需消泡剂的60-80％聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液、纯净水加入搅拌釜中搅拌均匀，再加入水性固化剂、水性抗污剂、水性流平剂，高速分散混合，停机加入剩余消泡剂、水性润湿剂，低速搅拌均匀，过滤包装，即为PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料。
本发明与现有的技术相比具有以下优点：
1)本发明的水性涂料用水作为溶剂，有效减少使用有机溶剂，低VOC排放；
2)本发明的涂料印品无溶剂残留，有效消除工作场所易燃易爆的隐患，对印刷操作人员无不良影响；
3)本发明的水性涂料能有效地封闭软质PVC基材中DOP塑化剂的迁移，解决了印刷过程中DOP析出造成的反粘现象，抗粘连性佳；在PVC基材上附着力强；无毒、无污染；还具有高光、耐水、耐酒精、耐磨、抗污、防记号笔、防涂鸦、抗老化的特性；
4)本发明的水性涂料并非在印刷时即完成全部反应，而是在后续装饰面板高温贴合工艺中产生最终交联反应，不浪费不损耗，使产品利用率得到极大提高。
具体实施方式
下面通过实例对本发明做进一步的详细说明，这些实例仅用于帮助理解本发明的方法和核心思想，并不限制本发明的范围。应当指出，在不脱离本发明的前提下，本领域的技术人员仍可对本发明进行若干的改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。
实施例1
本实施例所述的乳液制备的原料和试剂主要有：聚碳酸酯二醇来自济宁华凯树脂有限公司；异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯来自无锡东润电子材料科技有限公司；二羟甲基丁酸来自安徽中恩化工有限公司；三羟甲基丙烷、二月桂酸二丁基锡、三乙胺来自广东翁江化学试剂有限公司；乙二胺来自山东西亚化学工业有限公司。
本实施例的水性涂料分两步制作，第一步是制备聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液；第二步是水性涂料的调配。具体制备方法如下：
第一步，聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液的制备
按单体总质量计，称取62％聚碳酸酯二醇、31％异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯、1％三羟甲基丙烷和0.1％二月桂酸二丁基锡加入到反应釜中，加热至75℃，保温搅拌1小时；加入3.5％二羟甲基丁酸，继续反应1小时；然后降温至35℃以下，加入1.6％三乙胺和水高速搅拌0.5小时，水的加入量为单体总质量的1.9倍；最后将0.8％乙二胺用10倍体积水稀释，加入反应釜中搅拌1小时，得到水性涂料的连接料——聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液。
第二步，水性涂料的调配
配方如下(按重量分数比)：
自制的聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液60％；
水性抗污剂3％，含羟基官能团的聚二甲基硅氧烷乳液，型号德国TEGO 5100N，来自厦门市百桂全贸易有限公司；
水性固化剂0.8％，胺基型水性树脂交联剂，型号D-04，来自厦门市百桂全贸易有限公司；
水性润湿剂1％，高性能乙氧基化非离子超级润湿剂，型号HH-607，来自台州恒海化工有限公司；
水性消泡剂0.6％，水性聚氨酯消泡剂，型号F-828，来自厦门市百桂全贸易有限公司；
水性流平剂0.6％，聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液，型号德国BYK346，来自厦门市百桂全贸易有限公司；
纯净水34％。
按重量分数比例称取原料，将聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液、所需消泡剂的70％、纯净水加入搅拌釜中搅拌均匀，再加入水性固化剂、水性抗污剂、水性流平剂，高速分散混合30分钟，停机，加入水性润湿剂及剩余消泡剂，低速搅拌均匀，最后过滤包装，即为PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料。
将该水性涂料用于PVC装饰薄膜表面，通过260线的网纹辊辊涂后，形成高光泽乳白涂层，涂层参数：根据GB/T 13217.8-2009标准测得抗粘连度93％；根据GB/T13217.7-2009标准测得附着牢度90％；60°光泽度仪测得光泽度90度；铅笔硬度＜1H；用水浸泡48h不起皱不起泡，耐水性好；耐磨测试仪加压500g，硬质橡皮干磨50次，无明显变化，湿磨50次，无明显变化，不耐酒精；记号笔涂鸦后用湿布擦拭，残留大部分墨迹，不耐记号笔；触摸光滑。
将印有涂料的PVC薄膜通过150℃～180℃贴合缸，形成最终水性涂层成品，涂层参数：根据GB/T 13217.8-2009标准测得抗粘连度93％，受热后抗粘连性能未降低，说明塑料中的DOP得到有效封闭；根据GB/T 13217.7-2009标准测得附着牢度90％；60°光泽度仪测得光泽度90度；铅笔硬度达到2H，经过高温交联，硬度得到有效提高；用水浸泡48h不起皱不起泡，耐水性好；耐磨测试仪加压500g，硬质橡皮干磨150次，无明显变化，湿磨150次，无明显变化，酒精磨150次，无明显变化，实现良好的耐磨、耐湿擦、耐酒精性能；记号笔涂鸦后用湿布擦，无墨迹残留，可用湿布擦除，实现耐记号笔、防涂鸦的功能；触摸光滑。
实施例2
配方如下(按重量分数比)：
自制的聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液75％；
水性抗污剂3％，含羟基官能团的聚二甲基硅氧烷乳液，型号德国TEGO 5100N，来自厦门市百桂全贸易有限公司；
水性固化剂0.8％，胺基型水性树脂交联剂，型号D-04，来自厦门市百桂全贸易有限公司；
水性润湿剂1％，高性能乙氧基化非离子超级润湿剂，型号HH-607，来自台州恒海化工有限公司；
水性消泡剂0.6％，水性聚氨酯消泡剂，型号F-828，来自厦门市百桂全贸易有限公司；
水性流平剂0.6％，聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液，型号德国BYK346，来自厦门市百桂全贸易有限公司；
纯净水余量。
按重量分数比例称取原料，将聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液、所需消泡剂的70％、纯净水加入搅拌釜中搅拌均匀，再加入水性固化剂、水性抗污剂、水性流平剂，高速分散混合30分钟，停机，加入水性润湿剂及剩余消泡剂，低速搅拌均匀，最后过滤包装，即为PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料。
将该水性涂料用于PVC装饰薄膜表面，通过260线的网纹辊辊涂后，形成高光泽乳白涂层，涂层参数：根据GB/T 13217.8-2009标准测得抗粘连度95％；根据GB/T13217.7-2009标准测得附着牢度97％；60°光泽度仪测得光泽度92度；铅笔硬度＜1H；用水浸泡48h不起皱不起泡，耐水性好；耐磨测试仪加压500g，硬质橡皮干磨50次，无明显变化，湿磨50次，无明显变化，不耐酒精；记号笔涂鸦后用湿布擦拭，残留大部分墨迹，不耐记号笔；触摸光滑。
将印有涂料的PVC薄膜通过150℃～180℃贴合缸，形成最终水性涂层成品，涂层参数：根据GB/T 13217.8-2009标准测得抗粘连度95％，受热后抗粘连性能未降低，说明塑料中的DOP得到有效封闭；根据GB/T 13217.7-2009标准测得附着牢度97％；60°光泽度仪测得光泽度92度；铅笔硬度达到2H，经过高温交联，硬度得到有效提高；用水浸泡48h不起皱不起泡，耐水性好；耐磨测试仪加压500g，硬质橡皮干磨200次，无明显变化，湿磨200次，无明显变化，酒精磨200次，无明显变化，实现良好的耐磨、耐湿擦、耐酒精性能；记号笔涂鸦后用湿布擦，无墨迹残留，可用湿布擦除，实现耐记号笔、防涂鸦的功能；触摸光滑。
实施例3
配方如下(按重量分数比)：
自制的聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液70％；
水性抗污剂3％，含羟基官能团的聚二甲基硅氧烷乳液，型号德国TEGO 5100N，来自厦门市百桂全贸易有限公司；
水性固化剂1.3％，胺基型水性树脂交联剂，型号D-04，来自厦门市百桂全贸易有限公司；
水性润湿剂1.5％，高性能乙氧基化非离子超级润湿剂，型号HH-607，来自台州恒海化工有限公司；
水性消泡剂0.6％，水性聚氨酯消泡剂，型号F-828，来自厦门市百桂全贸易有限公司；
水性流平剂0.6％，聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液，型号德国BYK346，来自厦门市百桂全贸易有限公司；
纯净水余量。
按重量分数比例称取原料，将聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液、所需消泡剂的70％、纯净水加入搅拌釜中搅拌均匀，再加入水性固化剂、水性抗污剂、水性流平剂，高速分散混合30分钟，停机，加入水性润湿剂及剩余消泡剂，低速搅拌均匀，最后过滤包装，即为PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料。
将该水性涂料用于PVC装饰薄膜表面，通过260线的网纹辊辊涂后，形成高光泽乳白涂层，涂层参数：根据GB/T 13217.8-2009标准测得抗粘连度97％；根据GB/T 13217.7-2009标准测得附着牢度97％；60°光泽度仪测得光泽度92度；铅笔硬度＜1H；用水浸泡48h不起皱不起泡，耐水性好；耐磨测试仪加压500g，硬质橡皮干磨50次，无明显变化，湿磨50次，无明显变化，不耐酒精；记号笔涂鸦后用湿布擦拭，残留大部分墨迹，不耐记号笔；触摸光滑。
将印有涂料的PVC薄膜通过150℃-180℃贴合缸，形成最终水性涂层成品，涂层参数：根据GB/T 13217.8-2009标准测得抗粘连度97％，受热后抗粘连性能未降低，说明塑料中的DOP得到有效封闭；根据GB/T 13217.7-2009标准测得附着牢度97％；60°光泽度仪测得光泽度92度；铅笔硬度达到2H，经过高温交联，硬度得到有效提高；用水浸泡48h不起皱不起泡，耐水性好；耐磨测试仪加压500g，硬质橡皮干磨200次，无明显变化，湿磨200次，无明显变化，酒精磨200次，无明显变化，实现良好的耐磨、耐湿擦、耐酒精性能；记号笔涂鸦后用湿布擦，无墨迹残留，可用湿布擦除，实现耐记号笔、防涂鸦的功能；触摸光滑。
上述仅为本发明的具体实施例，但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此，凡利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动，均应属于侵犯本发明保护范围的行为。

Claims (7)

1.一种PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料，原料按重量比，包括
聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液60～75％
水性固化剂0.5～2％，所述的水性固化剂是胺基型水性树脂交联剂，所述的水性固化剂为厦门市百桂全贸易有限公司的D-04，固含量60％；
水性抗污剂3％～4％，所述的水性抗污剂是含羟基官能团的聚二甲基硅氧烷乳液；
水性润湿剂0.1～2％，所述的水性润湿剂是高性能乙氧基化非离子超强润湿剂；
水性消泡剂0.1～0.7％，所述的水性消泡剂是水性聚氨酯消泡剂；
水性流平剂0.1～1％，所述的水性流平剂是聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液；
纯净水余量；
其中，所述聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液的原料组成，按单体总质量计，包括聚碳酸酯二醇60-65份，异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯30-35份，二月桂酸二丁基锡0.05-0.3份，三羟甲基丙烷0.5-1.5份，二羟甲基丁酸2.5-5份，三乙胺1-3份，乙二胺0.5-1份， 将计量好的聚碳酸酯二醇、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷和催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡加入到反应釜中，加热至70-80℃，保温搅拌0.5-1.5小时，加入二羟甲基丁酸继续反应0.5-1.5小时；然后降温至35℃以下，加入三乙胺中和，分散完全后加入水进行高速乳化，水的加入量为单体总质量的1.8-2.2倍；最后加入用8-12倍体积水稀释的乙二胺扩链，即为聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液；
所述PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料辊涂于PVC装饰薄膜表面，并将表面辊涂有高光抗污耐磨水性涂料的PVC装饰薄膜通过150℃-180℃贴合缸，形成最终水性涂层成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料，其特征在于：印刷所用的基材是PVC装饰薄膜，在挤出成型的过程中加入了塑化剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP),在印刷过程中遇高温析出，会破坏涂料，使印刷后成品出现反粘现象。
3.根据权利要求1所述的PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料，其特征在于：所述的水性抗污为德国TEGO 5100N。
4.根据权利要求1所述的PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料，其特征在于：所述的水性润湿剂为台州恒海化工有限公司的HH-607。
5.根据权利要求1所述的PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料，其特征在于：所述的水性消泡剂为厦门市百桂全贸易有限公司的F-828。
6.根据权利要求1所述的PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料，其特征在于：所述的水性流平剂为德国BYK346。
7.根据权利要求1所述的PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料制备方法，包括以下步骤：
第一步，制备聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液；
第二步，按重量分数比例称取原料，将所需消泡剂的60-80％、聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液、纯净水加入搅拌釜中搅拌均匀，再加入水性固化剂、水性抗污剂、水性流平剂，高速分散混合，停机加入剩余消泡剂、水性润湿剂，低速搅拌均匀，过滤包装，即为PVC表面装饰专用高光抗污耐磨水性涂料。
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