CN111018944A - Method for producing dephenolized cottonseed protein - Google Patents
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- CN111018944A CN111018944A CN201911213764.8A CN201911213764A CN111018944A CN 111018944 A CN111018944 A CN 111018944A CN 201911213764 A CN201911213764 A CN 201911213764A CN 111018944 A CN111018944 A CN 111018944A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing dephenolized cottonseed protein, which comprises the following steps: firstly, placing the cotton kernels into a cotton kernel sieve for sieving to obtain large kernels and fine powder; secondly, softening and pressing the large kernels sieved in the step one, extruding and puffing fine powder, and putting the fine powder into a flat plate dryer for moisture modulation; thirdly, conveying the material prepared by the flat plate dryer in the second step to a degreasing leacher for countercurrent extraction; fourthly, conveying the materials treated in the third step to a dephenolization leacher, and performing countercurrent extraction by using alkaline methanol; fifthly, spraying acidic methanol on the material treated by the dephenolizing leacher in the step four; sixthly, conveying the materials processed in the step five to a horizontal spiral discharging centrifuge for centrifugal treatment after detecting that the pH value of the materials is neutral; and seventhly, putting the material separated by the centrifugal treatment in the step six into a desolventizing machine for low-temperature drying to obtain the dephenolized cottonseed protein. The invention has the effects of low energy consumption, less protein denaturation and simultaneous removal of gossypol and aflatoxin.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for producing dephenolized cottonseed protein, and belongs to the technical field of cottonseed processing.
Background
The dephenolized cottonseed protein is a high-protein product prepared by removing harmful substances from cottonseed, is used as a high-quality protein feed, has the crude protein content of more than or equal to 50 percent, the crude fiber content of less than or equal to 8 percent and the water content of less than or equal to 6 percent, wherein the main component of the crude protein is globulin, about 90 percent, and the secondary component is gluten. The ultracentrifugation can obtain three globulins of 2S, 7S and 12S, wherein 2S exists outside a protein body and accounts for about 30 percent, and the dephenolized cottonseed protein has the advantages of high dry matter content, high protein content and high essential amino acid content, and has wide application prospect in feed.
The cottonseed protein contains harmful substances such as gossypol, aflatoxin and the like, the prior art is to remove the gossypol and the aflatoxin separately, and the patent of application No. 201010234098.9 proposes that the cottonseed meal is extruded and puffed under the condition of using a dephenolizing auxiliary agent to achieve the purpose of removing free gossypol in the cottonseed protein.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing dephenolized cottonseed protein, which has the effects of low energy consumption, less protein denaturation and simultaneous removal of gossypol and aflatoxin.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for producing dephenolized cottonseed protein comprises the following steps:
firstly, placing the cotton kernels into a cotton kernel sieve for sieving to obtain large kernels and fine powder;
secondly, softening and pressing the large kernels sieved in the step one, extruding and puffing the fine powder, and putting one or two of the processed large kernels and the processed fine powder into a flat drier to regulate moisture;
thirdly, conveying the material prepared by the flat plate dryer in the step two to a degreasing leacher for countercurrent extraction;
fourthly, conveying the materials treated in the third step to a dephenolization leacher, and performing countercurrent extraction by using alkaline methanol;
fifthly, spraying acidic methanol on the material treated by the dephenolizing leacher in the step four;
sixthly, conveying the materials processed in the step five to a horizontal spiral discharging centrifuge for centrifugal treatment after detecting that the pH value of the materials is neutral;
and seventhly, putting the material separated by the centrifugal treatment in the step six into a desolventizing machine for low-temperature drying to obtain the dephenolized cottonseed protein.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and in the second step, the water content of the flat plate dryer is adjusted to be 3-5%.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the extractant used in the third step is No. 6 solvent oil with a feed-liquid ratio of 1: 0.5-1: 1, and the number of countercurrent extraction is 6-9.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the concentration of the alkaline methanol used in the fourth step is 88-92 degrees, the alkali adding amount of the alkaline methanol is 0.2-2 percent of the water content in the solution, and the number of countercurrent extraction is 6-10.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the fifth step, the acid adding amount of the acidic methanol is 1 percent of the water content in the solution.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and the time of the centrifugal treatment in the sixth step is 1-5 min.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and seventhly, drying at the low temperature of less than or equal to 95 ℃ for 20-30 min.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) the cotton kernels are respectively treated, so that the problem of insufficient contact between the solvent and the materials in the embryo rolling and oil material puffing leaching processes can be effectively solved, the efficiency of the solvent leaching process can be improved by more than 5%, and the leaching time is shortened by more than 10%.
(2) The dephenolizing extractant used in the invention is: the alkaline methanol and the alkali adding amount of the methanol is 0.2-2% of the water content in the solution, so that the content of aflatoxin in cottonseed protein can be reduced to below 30ppb under the condition that the gossypol content of the cottonseed protein is reduced to 400ppm, and the effect is obvious.
(3) The invention synchronously carries out the dephenolization process and the aflatoxin removal process in the cottonseed protein, can effectively shorten the process flow of cottonseed protein preparation, reduces the equipment usage and shortens the production time.
(4) The method uses the acidic methanol for neutralization again after the alkaline methanol treatment, retains the inherent nutritive value of the cottonseed protein to the maximum extent, has small damage to the cottonseed protein component, and relatively obtains the cottonseed protein with better quality.
(5) The invention adopts countercurrent extraction for extraction in degreasing and dephenolization, the contact between the extractant and the material is more sufficient, and the extraction effect is good.
(6) The forced solid-liquid separation of the sixth step and the seventh step can effectively reduce the drying time of the materials and the thermal denaturation time of the cottonseed protein.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a method for producing dephenolized cottonseed protein, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, placing the cotton kernels into a cotton kernel sieve for sieving to obtain large kernels and fine powder;
secondly, softening and pressing the large kernels sieved in the step one, extruding and puffing the fine powder, and putting one or two of the large kernels and the fine powder into a flat plate dryer to adjust the moisture, wherein the percentage of the adjusted moisture is 3-5%;
conveying the material prepared by the flat plate dryer in the step two to a degreasing leacher, wherein an extracting agent is No. 6 solvent oil with a material-liquid ratio of 1: 0.5-1: 1, and performing countercurrent extraction for 6-9 times;
conveying the material treated in the step three to a dephenolization leacher, and performing countercurrent extraction for 6-10 times by using alkaline methanol, wherein the concentration of the alkaline methanol is 88-92 degrees, and the alkali addition amount of the alkaline methanol is 0.2-2% of the water in the solution;
fifthly, spraying acidic methanol on the material treated by the dephenolizing leaching device in the step four, wherein the acid adding amount of the acidic methanol is 1% of the water content in the solution;
sixthly, conveying the materials processed in the step five to a horizontal spiral discharging centrifugal machine for centrifugal treatment after detecting that the pH value of the materials is neutral, wherein the centrifugal treatment time is 1-5 min;
and seventhly, putting the material separated by the centrifugal treatment in the step six into a desolventizing machine for low-temperature drying at the temperature of less than or equal to 95 ℃ for 20-30 min to obtain the dephenolized cottonseed protein.
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention:
example 1
Firstly, putting 200g of cotton kernels into a cotton kernel sieve for sieving to obtain large kernels and fine powder;
secondly, softening and pressing the kernels sieved in the first step, and putting the processed kernels into a flat plate dryer to adjust the moisture content, wherein the percentage of the adjusted moisture content is 3%;
thirdly, conveying the material prepared by the flat plate dryer in the second step to a degreasing and leaching device, wherein an extracting agent is No. 6 solvent oil with a material-liquid ratio of 1:0.5, and carrying out countercurrent extraction for 6 times;
fourthly, conveying the material treated in the third step into a dephenolizing extractor, and carrying out countercurrent extraction for 6 times by using alkaline methanol, wherein the concentration of the alkaline methanol is 88 degrees, and the alkali adding amount of the alkaline methanol is 0.2 percent of the water in the solution;
fifthly, spraying acidic methanol on the material treated by the dephenolizing leaching device in the step four, wherein the acid adding amount of the acidic methanol is 1% of the water content in the solution;
sixthly, conveying the materials processed in the step five to a horizontal spiral discharging centrifuge for centrifugal treatment after detecting that the pH value of the materials is neutral, wherein the centrifugal treatment time is 1 min;
and seventhly, putting the material separated by the centrifugal treatment in the step six into a desolventizing machine for low-temperature drying at the temperature of 95 ℃ for 20min to obtain the dephenolized cottonseed protein.
The obtained dephenolized cottonseed protein residual oil is 1.2 percent, the gossypol content is 300ppm, the aflatoxin is 30ppb, and the color is bright yellow.
Example 2
Firstly, putting 200g of cotton kernels into a cotton kernel sieve for sieving to obtain large kernels and fine powder;
secondly, softening and pressing the kernels sieved in the first step, and putting the processed kernels into a flat plate dryer to adjust the moisture content, wherein the percentage of the adjusted moisture content is 3%;
thirdly, conveying the material prepared by the flat plate dryer in the second step to a degreasing leacher, wherein an extracting agent is No. 6 solvent oil with a material-liquid ratio of 1:1, and carrying out countercurrent extraction for 6 times;
fourthly, conveying the material treated in the third step into a dephenolizing extractor, and carrying out countercurrent extraction for 6 times by using alkaline methanol, wherein the concentration of the alkaline methanol is 88 degrees, and the alkali adding amount of the alkaline methanol is 2 percent of the water content in the solution;
fifthly, spraying acidic methanol on the material treated by the dephenolizing leaching device in the step four, wherein the acid adding amount of the acidic methanol is 1% of the water content in the solution;
sixthly, conveying the materials processed in the step five to a horizontal spiral discharging centrifuge for centrifugal treatment after detecting that the pH value of the materials is neutral, wherein the time for centrifugal treatment is 5 min;
and seventhly, putting the material separated by the centrifugal treatment in the step six into a desolventizing machine for low-temperature drying at the temperature of 95 ℃ for 20min to obtain the dephenolized cottonseed protein.
The obtained dephenolized cottonseed protein residual oil is 0.8 percent, the gossypol content is 200ppm, the aflatoxin is 10ppb, and the color is dark yellow.
Example 3
Firstly, putting 200g of cotton kernels into a cotton kernel sieve for sieving to obtain large kernels and fine powder;
secondly, softening and pressing the kernels sieved in the first step, and putting the processed kernels into a flat plate dryer to adjust the moisture content, wherein the percentage of the adjusted moisture content is 3%;
thirdly, conveying the material prepared by the flat plate dryer in the second step to a degreasing leacher, wherein an extracting agent is No. 6 solvent oil with a material-liquid ratio of 1:1, and carrying out countercurrent extraction for 6 times;
fourthly, conveying the material treated in the third step into a dephenolizing extractor, and performing countercurrent extraction for 6 times by using alkaline methanol, wherein the concentration of the alkaline methanol is 88 degrees, and the alkali adding amount of the alkaline methanol is 1 percent of the water content in the solution;
fifthly, spraying acidic methanol on the material treated by the dephenolizing leaching device in the step four, wherein the acid adding amount of the acidic methanol is 1% of the water content in the solution;
sixthly, conveying the materials processed in the step five to a horizontal spiral discharging centrifuge for centrifugal treatment after detecting that the pH value of the materials is neutral, wherein the time for centrifugal treatment is 5 min;
and seventhly, putting the material separated by the centrifugal treatment in the step six into a desolventizing machine for low-temperature drying at the temperature of 95 ℃ for 20min to obtain the dephenolized cottonseed protein.
The obtained dephenolized cottonseed protein residual oil is 0.8 percent, the gossypol content is 400ppm, the aflatoxin is 60ppb, and the color is bright yellow.
Example 4
Firstly, putting 200g of cotton kernels into a cotton kernel sieve for sieving to obtain large kernels and fine powder;
secondly, extruding and puffing the fine powder screened in the first step, and putting the processed fine powder into a flat plate dryer to regulate the moisture content, wherein the regulated moisture content is 5%;
thirdly, conveying the material prepared by the flat plate dryer in the second step to a degreasing and leaching device, wherein an extracting agent is No. 6 solvent oil with a material-liquid ratio of 1:0.8, and carrying out countercurrent extraction for 8 times;
fourthly, conveying the material treated in the third step into a dephenolizing extractor, and performing countercurrent extraction for 8 times by using alkaline methanol, wherein the concentration of the alkaline methanol is 90 degrees, and the alkali adding amount of the alkaline methanol is 1 percent of the water content in the solution;
fifthly, spraying acidic methanol on the material treated by the dephenolizing leaching device in the step four, wherein the acid adding amount of the acidic methanol is 1% of the water content in the solution;
sixthly, conveying the materials processed in the step five to a horizontal spiral discharging centrifuge for centrifugal treatment after detecting that the pH value of the materials is neutral, wherein the time for centrifugal treatment is 3 min;
and seventhly, putting the material separated by the centrifugal treatment in the step six into a desolventizing machine for low-temperature drying at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 25min to obtain the dephenolized cottonseed protein.
The obtained dephenolized cottonseed protein residual oil is 1.1 percent, the gossypol content is 600ppm, the aflatoxin is 90ppb, and the color is bright yellow.
Example 5
Softening and embryo pressing 200g of cotton kernels, and putting the treated cotton kernels into a flat plate dryer to regulate the moisture content to be 3%;
secondly, conveying the material prepared by the flat plate dryer to a degreasing and leaching device, wherein an extracting agent is No. 6 solvent oil with a material-liquid ratio of 1:0.8, and carrying out countercurrent extraction for 8 times;
thirdly, conveying the material treated in the second step into a dephenolizing extractor, and performing countercurrent extraction for 8 times by using alkaline methanol, wherein the concentration of the alkaline methanol is 90 degrees, and the alkali addition amount of the alkaline methanol is 1 percent of the water content in the solution;
fourthly, spraying acidic methanol on the material treated by the dephenolizing leaching device in the third step, wherein the acid adding amount of the acidic methanol is 1 percent of the water content in the solution;
fifthly, after detecting that the pH value of the material processed in the fourth step is neutral, conveying the material to a horizontal spiral discharging centrifuge for centrifugal processing, wherein the centrifugal processing time is 3 min;
sixthly, putting the material separated by the centrifugal treatment in the step five into a desolventizing machine for low-temperature drying at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 25min to obtain the dephenolized cottonseed protein.
The obtained dephenolized cottonseed protein residual oil is 0.9 percent, the gossypol content is 395ppm, the aflatoxin is 62ppb, and the color is bright yellow.
Example 6
Firstly, extruding and puffing 200g of cotton kernels, and then putting the cotton kernels into a flat plate dryer to regulate the moisture content, wherein the regulated moisture content is 3%;
secondly, conveying the material prepared by the flat plate dryer to a degreasing and leaching device, wherein an extracting agent is No. 6 solvent oil with a material-liquid ratio of 1:0.8, and carrying out countercurrent extraction for 8 times;
thirdly, conveying the material treated in the second step into a dephenolizing extractor, and performing countercurrent extraction for 8 times by using alkaline methanol, wherein the concentration of the alkaline methanol is 90 degrees, and the alkali addition amount of the alkaline methanol is 1 percent of the water content in the solution;
fourthly, spraying acidic methanol on the material treated by the dephenolizing leaching device in the third step, wherein the acid adding amount of the acidic methanol is 1 percent of the water content in the solution;
fifthly, after detecting that the pH value of the material processed in the fourth step is neutral, conveying the material to a horizontal spiral discharging centrifuge for centrifugal processing, wherein the centrifugal processing time is 3 min;
sixthly, putting the material separated by the centrifugal treatment in the step five into a desolventizing machine for low-temperature drying at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 25min to obtain the dephenolized cottonseed protein.
The obtained dephenolized cottonseed protein residual oil is 0.8 percent, the gossypol content is 405ppm, the aflatoxin is 62ppb, and the color is bright yellow.
Through the examples 5 and 6, it can be seen that the softening, embryo pressing and extrusion puffing are directly carried out without screening treatment, the uniformity of the material is poor, certain influences exist on subsequent grease extraction, gossypol and aflatoxin reduction and the like, and the content of gossypol and aflatoxin in the obtained dephenolized cottonseed protein is higher than that of the examples in which kernels and fine powder are respectively screened.
Example 7
Firstly, putting 200g of cotton kernels into a cotton kernel sieve for sieving to obtain large kernels and fine powder;
secondly, softening and pressing the large kernels sieved in the step one, extruding and puffing fine powder, and putting the processed large kernels and the processed fine powder into a flat plate dryer to regulate the moisture content, wherein the regulated moisture content is 4%;
thirdly, conveying the material prepared by the flat plate dryer in the second step to a degreasing leacher, wherein an extracting agent is No. 6 solvent oil with a material-liquid ratio of 1:1, and carrying out countercurrent extraction for 9 times;
fourthly, conveying the material treated in the third step into a dephenolizing extractor, and performing countercurrent extraction for 10 times by using alkaline methanol, wherein the concentration of the alkaline methanol is 92 degrees, and the alkali adding amount of the alkaline methanol is 2 percent of the water content in the solution;
fifthly, spraying acidic methanol on the material treated by the dephenolizing leaching device in the step four, wherein the acid adding amount of the acidic methanol is 1% of the water content in the solution;
sixthly, conveying the materials processed in the step five to a horizontal spiral discharging centrifuge for centrifugal treatment after detecting that the pH value of the materials is neutral, wherein the time for centrifugal treatment is 5 min;
and seventhly, putting the material separated by the centrifugal treatment in the step six into a desolventizing machine for low-temperature drying at the temperature of 95 ℃ for 20min to obtain the dephenolized cottonseed protein.
The obtained dephenolized cottonseed protein residual oil is 0.8 percent, the gossypol content is 200ppm, the aflatoxin content is 15ppb, and the color is bright yellow.
The data of the above examples were analyzed: comparing example 3, it can be seen from the data of examples 1 and 2 that the gossypol content and the aflatoxin content in the dephenolized cottonseed protein can be reduced when the alkaline methanol is used alone, and the color of the dephenolized cottonseed protein can be affected when the alkaline methanol is used alone; the data of the embodiment 7 show that the color change of the dephenolized cottonseed protein can be effectively solved by neutralizing the material with the acidic methanol after the alkaline methanol treatment, so that the dephenolized cottonseed protein with low contents of the protein gossypol and the aflatoxin and good color is obtained.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle and the like of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Alternative materials for the various components are listed in the description of the invention, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the above list of component materials is not intended to be limiting and non exhaustive, and the various components may be replaced by other equivalent materials not mentioned in the present description, while still achieving the objects of the present invention. The specific embodiments mentioned in the description are to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure in any way whatsoever.
In addition, the range of the amount of each component of the present invention includes any combination of any lower limit and any upper limit mentioned in the specification, and also includes any range where the specific content of the component in each specific example is made up as a combination of the upper limit or the lower limit: all such ranges are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention for brevity and clarity only and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope of the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Each feature of the invention described in this specification may be combined with any other feature of the invention which combination is not specifically disclosed in the specification for the sake of brevity.
Claims (7)
1. The method for producing the dephenolized cottonseed protein is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, putting raw material cotton kernels into a cotton kernel sieve for sieving to obtain large kernels and fine powder;
secondly, softening and pressing the large kernels sieved in the step one, extruding and puffing the fine powder, and putting one or two of the processed large kernels and the processed fine powder into a flat drier to regulate moisture;
thirdly, conveying the material prepared by the flat plate dryer in the step two to a degreasing leacher for countercurrent extraction;
fourthly, conveying the materials treated in the third step to a degreasing and leaching device, and performing countercurrent extraction by using alkaline methanol;
fifthly, spraying acidic methanol on the material treated by the dephenolizing leacher in the step four;
sixthly, conveying the materials processed in the step five to a horizontal spiral discharging centrifuge for centrifugal treatment after detecting that the pH value of the materials is neutral;
and seventhly, putting the material separated by the centrifugal treatment in the step six into a desolventizing machine for low-temperature drying to obtain the dephenolized cottonseed protein.
2. The method for producing dephenolized cottonseed protein as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and in the second step, the water content of the flat plate dryer is adjusted to be 3-5%.
3. The method for producing dephenolized cottonseed protein as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the extractant used in the third step is No. 6 solvent oil with a feed-liquid ratio of 1: 0.5-1: 1, and the number of countercurrent extraction is 6-9.
4. The method for producing dephenolized cottonseed protein as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the concentration of the alkaline methanol used in the fourth step is 88-92 degrees, the alkali adding amount of the alkaline methanol is 0.2-2 percent of the water content in the solution, and the number of countercurrent extraction is 6-10.
5. The method for producing dephenolized cottonseed protein as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the acid adding amount of the acidic methanol is 1 percent of the water content in the solution.
6. The method for producing dephenolized cottonseed protein as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the time of the centrifugal treatment in the sixth step is 1-5 min.
7. The method for producing dephenolized cottonseed protein as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and seventhly, drying at the low temperature of less than or equal to 95 ℃ for 20-30 min.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113861280A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-31 | 晨光生物科技集团股份有限公司 | Cottonseed globulin positive charge antibacterial peptide and application thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1299862A (en) * | 2000-12-07 | 2001-06-20 | 南京化工大学 | Cotton oil extracting and detoxicating process |
| CN1100134C (en) * | 2000-12-11 | 2003-01-29 | 北京中棉紫光生物科技有限公司 | Process for treating cotton seeds |
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2019
- 2019-12-02 CN CN201911213764.8A patent/CN111018944A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1299862A (en) * | 2000-12-07 | 2001-06-20 | 南京化工大学 | Cotton oil extracting and detoxicating process |
| CN1100134C (en) * | 2000-12-11 | 2003-01-29 | 北京中棉紫光生物科技有限公司 | Process for treating cotton seeds |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113861280A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-31 | 晨光生物科技集团股份有限公司 | Cottonseed globulin positive charge antibacterial peptide and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200417 |