CN101235340A - Swelling pre-squeezing leaching preparation method for high oil-containing material - Google Patents
Swelling pre-squeezing leaching preparation method for high oil-containing material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high oil-content oil material expanding prepressing leaching oil preparation method, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps, firstly, cleaning, cleaning oiling to remove impurities, secondly, tempering, adjusting the water content of oiling whose impurities are removed, thirdly, rolling slab, rolling oiling whose water content is adjusted into material slab, fourthly, squeezing and swelling, squeezing and swelling, the material slab, fifthly, drying, drying the material slab which is squeezed and swelled, sixthly, prepressing, prepressing the material slab which is dried to press one portion of oil, seventhly, leaching, leaching prepressed cake of the oil which is prepressed to get another portion of oil and meal from solvent extraction. A squeezing and swelling step in the invention is utilized to replace a cooking step in the existing method, which improves the quality and amounts of prepressing crude palm oil, increases handling capacity of a prepress expeller, and reduces power consumption and abrasion of a prepress expeller. The method of the invention is mainly applicable for oil preparation enterprises which utilize high oil-content oiling such as rapeseed and the like to be raw material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the oil-containing oil plant and produce greasy method, particularly the high oil bearing seed swelling pre-squeezing leaches method of making oil.
Background technology
Vegetable oil material is divided into high oil bearing seed and low oil-containing oil plant according to the oleaginousness difference; High oil bearing seed comprises Semen Brassicae campestris, cottonseed, linseed oil, sunflower seeds etc., and the general oil-containing of high oil bearing seed is more than 25%; Low oil-containing oil plant comprises soybean, rice bran etc., and general oil-containing is below 25%.The system oil complete processing of above-mentioned high oil bearing seed and low oil-containing oil plant is different.
Existing produces in the greasy method with high oil bearing seed, generally still continues to use traditional technology, is about to the cleaning of oil-containing oil plant, strip plate, steaming stir-fry, the pre-press for extracting juice, and then the working method that leaches.But traditional working method has the following deficiency, is example to produce greasy method with Semen Brassicae campestris, is illustrated:
(1) in the traditional Semen Brassicae campestris course of processing,, often adopts " steam and fry " process in order to obtain the good pressability of vegetable seed blank.Oil plant temperature in " steam fry " process is up to more than 120 ℃, and for up to 30～40 minutes, this process not only consumed a large amount of electric power and steam, and the proteinic quality of oil plant in total is subjected to great destruction.Therefore greatly reduce the quality of pre-pressed crude oil and pre-pressed cake (even leaching the dregs of rice).
(2) for the new vegetable seed of firm results without " after-ripening " process, and the lower import vegetable seed of water content (moisture≤7% o'clock), even if having passed through abundant steaming in pre-treatment fries, (cake is shaped bad still to be difficult to obtain to be suitable for the pre-pressed cake of follow-up leaching processing in pre-squeezer, fines content is big), become the difficult problem that follow-up leaching is processed.
(3) for the oleaginousness that reduces pre-pressed cake as far as possible with for pre-pressed cake is shaped, will improve the press for extracting juice gun pressure power of pre-squeezer, the problem of thereupon bringing is that the power consumption of pre-squeezer increases as far as possible, and output reduces and the pre-squeezer wearing and tearing are accelerated.
An above-mentioned difficult problem is perplexing grease processing enterprise always, makes enterprise aspect improving the quality of products and reducing costs such as power consumption, all is difficult to have breakthrough in longer for some time.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high oil bearing seed swelling pre-squeezing and leach method of making oil, to solve the problem that existing high oil bearing seed complete processing exists.
Purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical scheme: high oil bearing seed swelling pre-squeezing leaching method of making oil of the present invention is characterised in that and may further comprise the steps:
1) impurity in the oil plant is removed in cleaning;
2) modified, the material behind the removal impurity is regulated water content;
3) strip plate rolls into material base with the material behind the adjusting water content;
4) extruding puffing, with described material base pushed, expanded;
5) drying gives drying with extruding, material base after expanded;
6) the pre-press for extracting juice pressed dried material base in advance, the part of squeezing out oil;
7) leach, the oily press for extracting juice cake of a part of squeezing out is leached, get another part oil and leach the dregs of rice.
In step 2) modified in, the moisture content of material after modified is 8%～10%.
In step 2) modified in, keeping temperature is 45-55 ℃.
In the step 3) strip plate, the thickness of material base is 0.3～0.6mm.
In the step 4) extruding puffing, heating steam pressure is 0.6～0.8Mpa, and drop temperature is 85～105 ℃, expanded coefficient (be the ratio of the nib exit diameter of material diameter after expanded and bulking machine, down with) 1.2～1.4.In the step 4) extruding puffing, being kept moisture by expanded material when advancing bulking machine is 8～10%, and keeping moisture when going out bulking machine is 10～12%.
When step 6) is pressed in advance, material go into to press the time moisture keep 4%～6%, go into to press 100～105 ℃ of temperature, when step 6) was pressed in advance, in the pre-pressed cake after pre-the press for extracting juice, Residual oil remained on 11%～15%.
When step 7) leaches, spray and soak with solvent, grease in the pre-pressed cake is dissolved in forms mixing oil in the solvent; In described mixing oil, greasy concentration is greater than 25%; In the wet dregs of rice after leaching, contain quantity of solvent, contain Residual oil below 1.3% below 25%.
When step 7) leaches, be first after fragmentation, cooling pre-pressed cake, leached again.
Be described as follows:
Step 1) cleaning: the difference on physical propertiess such as granularity, proportion, shape, condition of surface, hardness, magnetic, gasdynamics according to oil plant and impurity, adopt method and relevant devices such as screening, selection by winnowing, gravity separation and magnetic separation, with the Impurity removal in the oil plant.After cleaning, must not contain large-scale impurity such as stone, iron are assorted, the rope made of hemp, wormwood.
Step 2) modified: oil plant is different because of kind and source, and its water content is also inequality even very big difference arranged.Low by 5%～7% as the water content of import vegetable seed, soften and carry out the moisture adjusting; And the water content of domestic vegetable seed is higher 11%～13%, carry out moisture by drying and regulate.Moisture reaches suitable content after modified.
Step 4) extruding puffing: after a series of physics, the chemical actions such as wet, the heat effect of mechanical effect such as the base sheet of oil plant is squeezed in the oil plant extruder, rubs, shears, pressurization and the steam that sprays into and frictional heat, the oil cell of oil plant is thoroughly destroyed, grease fully exposes, and objectionable impurities obtains passivation.Carry out extruding puffing with the oil plant extruder, at the end of extrusion screw, high temperature, high-pressure material come out because of release suddenly through die head, and material sharply expands and obtains loose porous and extruding puffing material that intensity is high.
The expanded material drying of step 5): the moisture of extruding puffing material generally can't satisfy the requirement of pre-squeezer to moisture, and therefore, expanded material also must carry out drying through drying machine, moisture is dropped to satisfy the requirement of pre-squeezer to moisture.
Step 6) is pressed in advance: with pre-squeezer the most of grease in the expanded material is squeezed out as pre-pressed crude oil, contain a certain amount of Residual oil in the pre-pressed cake; Pre-pressed cake is carried out solvent extraction again, Residual oil is taken out.
Contain a certain amount of crumb in the pre-pressed crude oil, before oil and fat refining, must remove the gred,, remove through leaf-type filter again and pressed edible vegetable oil in advance behind the bits such as a spot of crumb and send to refining so crude oil needs to remove most crumb through dragveyer.
Cake fragmentation, cooling: the pre-pressed cake temperature is higher, and the cake piece is bigger, before going leaching, needs through broken, cake refrigerating work procedure, make all suitable leaching of material size and temperature.
Step 7) leaches: broken, cooled pre-pressed cake are sent into leacher, spray and soak with solvent, make that grease is dissolved in composition mixing oil in the solvent in the pre-pressed cake, behind the miscella evaporation stripping, send to refining; Leach the wet dregs of rice and after precipitation, drying, cooling, become the finished product dregs of rice.
Among the present invention, the main bulking process technology generation of using is for traditional steaming and frying technique, make oil plant moment in tens seconds finish puffing process, avoided oil plant to steam proteinic excessive sex change in the stir-fry process at long-time high temperature, reduced the loss of Methionin, improve the protein mass of oil meal, efficiently solved the unfavorable problem that long-time high temperature brings in traditional steaming and frying technique.
Secondly, the enzyme effect of going out of the short time high temperature high pressure of puffing can make the pre-pressed crude oil phosphorus content significantly reduce, and the crude oil color shoals and is easier to decolouring, has improved the quality and the oil and fat refining rate of pre-pressed crude oil.
Once more, after a series of physics, the chemical actions such as wet, the heat effect of mechanical effect such as the base sheet of oil plant is squeezed in the oil plant extruder, rubs, shears, pressurization and the steam that sprays into and frictional heat, the oil plant cell is thoroughly destroyed, grease in the cell fully exposes, form expanded microtexture, be very beneficial for oil is squeezed out from oil plant, objectionable impurities obtains passivation.At the end of extrusion screw, high temperature, high-pressure material come out through die head, and because of release suddenly, material sharply expands and obtains loose porous and extruding puffing material that intensity is high.The pre-pressed cake of extruding puffing material is loose, fines content is little, pre-pressed cake easily is shaped and good penetrability, can improve the leaching performance of pre-pressed cake, solved firm results without the new vegetable seed and the import vegetable seed of " after-ripening " process press into the cake difficulty in advance, fines content is big and the difficult problem that is unfavorable for leaching; Also can increase the treatment capacity of pre-squeezer simultaneously, reduce the pre-squeezer power consumption, reduce the pre-squeezer wearing and tearing.
The inventive method need not to steam fries processing, directly carries out behind the strip plate pressing in advance behind the full oil-containing expanded (promptly not fuel-displaced) again, and the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) course of processing intermediates quality height
A. oil plant moment in tens seconds is finished puffing process, avoided oil plant to steam proteinic excessive sex change in the stir-fry process at long-time high temperature, reduced the loss of Methionin, improved the protein mass of oil meal, had good palatability, advantage that digestibility is high as feedstuff raw material.
B. behind the oil passing extruding puffing, effectively some toxin of passivation, antinutritional factor and lipase reduce in the following process process lipase to greasy deleterious effect; And after puffing, improve the pre-pressed crude oil quality, the phosphorus content of pre-pressed crude oil steams the 800～1000ppm that fries squeezing process by tradition reduces to below the 200ppm, and the crude oil color shoals, and oil yield, refining yield obviously improve.
(2) process stabilizing, easy to implement
After increasing bulking process, the strip plate specification of quality is reduced greatly, can effectively alleviate the pressure that strip plate quality restriction throughput is brought; Reduce going into to press moisture requirement, be loosened to 4%～6% and go into to press moisture to be lowered to press, be convenient to operation by original 3%.In addition, the complete expanded material of oil-containing is more suitable for into press for extracting juice, has reduced the pre-squeezer load, expanded back material forming is good, a difficult problem that has solved oil plant for example the import vegetable seed presses into the cake difficulty in advance, fines content is big and be unfavorable for leaching.In addition, the pre-pressed cake diafiltration after expanded is good, and solvent and mixing oil penetrate the bed of material easily, therefore can increase the self-circulation amount of the mixing oil in the leacher, make the leaching effect more thorough, thereby the residual oil content that leaches in the dregs of rice can be stabilized in than low value.
(3) energy-saving and cost-reducing.
A increases the pre-squeezer treatment capacity, reduces the pre-squeezer power consumption, reduces the pre-squeezer wearing and tearing, prolongs the work-ing life of pressing spiral shell, pressing bar.
Pre-pressed cake good penetrability after b is expanded, the leaching solvent load obviously reduces, miscella concentration improves, and has alleviated the load of solvent evaporation system and solvent recovering system; And because the pre-pressed cake diafiltration after expanded is good, the bed of material to drain performance splendid, the solvent in the wet dregs of rice is low, has alleviated the load of evapo-separated machine and solvent recovering system thereof, therefore reduces and leaches workshop energy consumption, molten consumption.
In sum, operation is fried in the steaming that the inventive method has been saved in the existing method, has avoided long-time experience high temperature high pressure process, has reduced proteinic sex change, has improved the pre-pressed crude oil quality; Increase the treatment capacity of pre-squeezer, reduced the power consumption and the wearing and tearing of pre-squeezer; Improve the leaching performance of pre-pressed cake, improve the quality of products and cut down the consumption of energy.The inventive method is mainly used in Semen Brassicae campestris, shelling cottonseed, the contour oil-containing oil plant of linseed oil as the oily enterprise of the system of raw material.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: homemade Semen Brassicae campestris is processed according to the inventive method, and step is as follows successively:
1, cleaning: after Semen Brassicae campestris process rotary flat sieve, stone remover, magnetic separator, the selection by winnowing, containing assorted is 0.4%;
2, modified: carry out after moisture regulates at 55 ℃, water content is 10%;
3, strip plate: base sheet thickness 0.4mm;
4, extruding, expanded: on the oil plant extruder, carry out, 90 ℃ of the expanded temperature outs of vapor pressure 0.6Mpa, expanded coefficient 1.25 advances the base sheet moisture content 10% of bulking machine, goes out the expanded material moisture content 12% of bulking machine;
5, drying: the expanded material moisture content 4% in dry back;
6, the pre-press for extracting juice: with pre-squeezer dried expanded material is pressed in advance, the moisture 4% of expanded material when going into to press goes into to press 105 ℃ of temperature, and after pre-the press for extracting juice, Residual oil 12% in the pre-pressed cake; About pre-pressed crude oil phosphorus content 145mg/kg.
7, leach: earlier the pre-pressed cake fragmentation, be cooled to 55 ℃ after, leached again.Spray and soak with No. six extraction solvents, grease in the pre-pressed cake is dissolved in forms mixing oil in the solvent; In described mixing oil, greasy concentration 25% contains quantity of solvent 23% in the wet dregs of rice after the leaching, and Residual oil 1.1% in the dregs of rice.
Embodiment 2: the import Semen Brassicae campestris is processed according to the inventive method, and step is as follows successively:
1, cleaning: after vegetable seed process rotary flat sieve, stone remover, magnetic separator, the selection by winnowing, containing assorted is 0.3%;
2, modified: import vegetable seed water content is below 7%, through 50 ℃ add water softening after moisture be 9%;
3, strip plate: base sheet thickness is 0.3mm;
4, expanded: vapor pressure 0.7Mpa, 95 ℃ of expanded temperature outs, expanded coefficient 1.30 advances the base sheet moisture content 9% of bulking machine, goes out the expanded material moisture content 11% of bulking machine;
5, drying: the expanded material moisture content 5% in dry back;
6, the pre-press for extracting juice: with pre-squeezer to drying after expanded material press in advance, go into to press moisture 5%, go into to press 100 ℃ of temperature, Residual oil 13% in the pre-pressed cake.Phosphorus content in the pre-expressed crude oil is 130mg/kg.
7, leach: earlier the pre-pressed cake fragmentation, be cooled to 53 ℃ after, leached again.Spray and soak with No. six extraction solvents, grease in the pre-pressed cake is dissolved in forms mixing oil in the solvent; In described mixing oil, greasy concentration 25%, the wet dregs of rice contain quantity of solvent 23%, and the Residual oil in the wet dregs of rice is 1.2%.
Embodiment 3: cottonseed benevolence is processed according to the inventive method, and step is as follows successively:
1, cleaning: cottonseed after the lint through receiving sieve, stone remover, magnetic separator, peel off, after the benevolence shell separates, containing assorted is 0.3%;
2, modified: through 55 ℃ add water softening after moisture be 10%;
3, strip plate: base sheet thickness 0.3mm;
4, extruding, expanded: on the oil plant extruder, carry out vapor pressure 0.7Mpa, 105 ℃ of expanded temperature outs, expanded coefficient 1.30; Advance the base sheet moisture content 10% of bulking machine, go out the expanded material moisture content 12% of bulking machine;
5, drying: the expanded material moisture content 5% in dry back;
6, the pre-press for extracting juice: with pre-squeezer dried expanded material is pressed in advance, the moisture 5% of expanded material when going into to press goes into to press 105 ℃ of temperature, and after pre-the press for extracting juice, Residual oil 12% in the pre-pressed cake.
7, leach: earlier the pre-pressed cake fragmentation, be cooled to 53 ℃ after, leached again.Leach with No. six extraction solvents, make the grease in the pre-pressed cake be dissolved in composition mixing oil in the solvent; Miscella concentration 30%, the wet dregs of rice contain quantity of solvent 22%, and Residual oil is 1.0% in the dregs of rice.
Embodiment 4: linseed oil is processed oil expression according to the inventive method, and step is as follows successively:
1, cleaning: after linseed oil process vibratory screening apparatus, stone remover, magnetic separator, the selection by winnowing, containing assorted is 0.3%;
2, modified: after 50 ℃ of moisture were regulated, water content was 9%;
3, strip plate: base sheet thickness 0.4mm;
4, extruding, expanded: on the oil plant extruder, carry out vapor pressure 0.6Mpa, 100 ℃ of expanded temperature outs, expanded coefficient 1.3; Advance the base sheet moisture content 9% of bulking machine, go out the expanded material moisture content 11% of bulking machine;
5, drying: the expanded material moisture content 5% in dry back;
6, the pre-press for extracting juice: with pre-squeezer dried expanded material is pressed in advance, the moisture 5% of expanded material when going into to press goes into to press 105 ℃ of temperature, and after pre-the press for extracting juice, Residual oil 12% in the pre-pressed cake.
7, leach: earlier the pre-pressed cake fragmentation, be cooled to 53 ℃ after, leached again.Leach with No. six extraction solvents, make the grease in the pre-pressed cake be dissolved in composition mixing oil in the solvent; Miscella concentration 25%, the wet dregs of rice contain quantity of solvent 22%, and Residual oil is 1.0% in the dregs of rice.
Embodiment 5: homemade Semen Brassicae campestris is processed according to the inventive method, and step is as follows successively:
1, cleaning: after Semen Brassicae campestris process rotary flat sieve, stone remover, magnetic separator, the selection by winnowing, containing assorted is 0.4%;
2, modified: carry out after moisture regulates at 50 ℃, water content is 10%;
3, strip plate: base sheet thickness 0.5mm;
4, extruding, expanded: on the oil plant extruder, carry out, 85 ℃ of the expanded temperature outs of vapor pressure 0.6Mpa, expanded coefficient 1.2 advances the base sheet moisture content 10% of bulking machine, goes out the expanded material moisture content 12% of bulking machine;
5, drying: the expanded material moisture content 6% in dry back;
6, the pre-press for extracting juice: with pre-squeezer dried expanded material is pressed in advance, the moisture 6% of expanded material when going into to press goes into to press 100 ℃ of temperature, and after pre-the press for extracting juice, Residual oil 15% in the pre-pressed cake; About pre-pressed crude oil phosphorus content 150mg/kg.
7, leach: earlier the pre-pressed cake fragmentation, be cooled to 55 ℃ after, leached again.Spray and soak with No. six extraction solvents, grease in the pre-pressed cake is dissolved in forms mixing oil in the solvent; In described mixing oil, greasy concentration 30% contains quantity of solvent 23% in the wet dregs of rice after the leaching, and Residual oil 1.3% in the dregs of rice.
Embodiment 6: homemade Semen Brassicae campestris is processed according to the inventive method, and step is as follows successively:
1, cleaning: after Semen Brassicae campestris process rotary flat sieve, stone remover, magnetic separator, the selection by winnowing, containing assorted is 0.4%;
2, modified: carry out after moisture regulates at 55 ℃, water content is 9%;
3, strip plate: base sheet thickness 0.3mm;
4, extruding, expanded: on the oil plant extruder, carry out, 95 ℃ of the expanded temperature outs of vapor pressure 0.7Mpa, expanded coefficient 1.4 advances the base sheet moisture content 9% of bulking machine, goes out the expanded material moisture content 11% of bulking machine;
5, drying: the expanded material moisture content 4% in dry back;
6, the pre-press for extracting juice: with pre-squeezer dried expanded material is pressed in advance, the moisture 4% of expanded material when going into to press goes into to press 102 ℃ of temperature, and after pre-the press for extracting juice, Residual oil 11% in the pre-pressed cake; About pre-pressed crude oil phosphorus content 140mg/kg.
7, leach: earlier the pre-pressed cake fragmentation, be cooled to 55 ℃ after, leached again.Spray and soak with No. six extraction solvents, grease in the pre-pressed cake is dissolved in forms mixing oil in the solvent; In described mixing oil, greasy concentration 26% contains quantity of solvent 23% in the wet dregs of rice after the leaching, and Residual oil 1.05% in the dregs of rice.
Effect of the present invention
To process the production scale of 1000 tons of rapeseed day as example, to traditional oil-producing technique and oil-producing technique of the present invention Compare.
1. crude oil
2. oil refining
3. power consumption
As can be seen from the above data, swelling pre-squeezing extraction oil producing method of the present invention have improve the quality of products, quantity, The advantage such as energy-saving and cost-reducing.
Claims (10)
1, the high oil bearing seed swelling pre-squeezing leaches method of making oil, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) impurity in the oil plant is removed in cleaning;
2) modified, the material behind the removal impurity is regulated water content;
3) strip plate rolls into material base with the material behind the adjusting water content;
4) extruding puffing, with described material base pushed, expanded;
5) drying gives drying with extruding, material base after expanded;
6) the pre-press for extracting juice pressed dried material base in advance, the part of squeezing out oil;
7) leach, the oily press for extracting juice cake of a part of squeezing out is leached, get another part oil and leach the dregs of rice.
2, method of making oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 2) modified in, the moisture content of material after modified is 8%～10%.
3, method of making oil according to claim 2 is characterized in that: in step 2) modified in, keeping temperature is 45-55 ℃.
4, method of making oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step 3) strip plate, the thickness of material base is 0.3～0.6mm.
5, method of making oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step 4) extruding puffing, heating steam pressure is 0.6～0.8Mpa, and drop temperature is 85～105 ℃, and expanded coefficient is 1.2～1.4.
6, method of making oil according to claim 5 is characterized in that: in the step 4) extruding puffing, being kept moisture by expanded material when advancing bulking machine is 8～10%, and keeping moisture when going out bulking machine is 10～12%.
7, method of making oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when step 6) is pressed in advance, material go into to press the time moisture keep 4%～6%, go into to press 100～105 ℃ of temperature.
8, method of making oil according to claim 7 is characterized in that: when step 6) was pressed in advance, in the pre-pressed cake after pre-the press for extracting juice, Residual oil remained on 11%～15%.
9, method of making oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when step 7) leaches, spray and soak with solvent, grease in the pre-pressed cake is dissolved in forms mixing oil in the solvent; In described mixing oil, greasy concentration is greater than 25%; In the wet dregs of rice after leaching, contain quantity of solvent, contain Residual oil below 1.3% below 25%.
10, method of making oil according to claim 9 is characterized in that: when described step 7) leaches, be first after fragmentation, cooling pre-pressed cake, leached.
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