CN101245284A - Puffing expression method for producing oil with low oil-containing oil-bearing material - Google Patents

Puffing expression method for producing oil with low oil-containing oil-bearing material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101245284A
CN101245284A CNA2008101029266A CN200810102926A CN101245284A CN 101245284 A CN101245284 A CN 101245284A CN A2008101029266 A CNA2008101029266 A CN A2008101029266A CN 200810102926 A CN200810102926 A CN 200810102926A CN 101245284 A CN101245284 A CN 101245284A
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oil
oil plant
plant
moisture
pressed
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Inventor
李子明
相海
周海军
李少华
康泽
王璐鹏
雷晓东
阮海健
胡淑珍
张松涛
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Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences
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Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences
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Priority to CNA2008101029266A priority Critical patent/CN101245284A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for extracting oil by swelling and pressing low oil content oil seeds and is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) clearing: impurities are removed from the oil seeds; 2) quality-adjusting: the temperatures and water contents are adjusted for the oil seeds; 3) the oil seeds are pressed and swelled; 4) enzyme killing and drying are carried out for the pressed and swelled oil seeds; 5) most of the oil is pressed from the dried oil seeds; the oil seeds can be crushed and then the quality adjusting can be done after the clearing of the step 1); after the step 2) of quality-adjusting, the bloom rolling can be done to the oil seeds and then the pressing and swelling can be done. The method adds the procedures of pressing and swelling before the traditional one time pressing and obtains pure physical pressed oil with high quality and pressed cakes which can be directly used for feed processing, which increases the processing amount of a press and reduces the power consumption and wearing. The method is mainly used for producing small-scale pressed oil and pressed cakes with good qualities and raw materials of low oil content oil seeds such as soybeans and rice bran.

Description

A kind of puffing expression method for producing oil with low oil-containing oil-bearing material
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil-containing oil plant squeezing method of making oil, particularly a kind of puffing expression method for producing oil with low oil-containing oil-bearing material.
Background technology
Pressing with the oil-containing oil plant in the oily industry of greasy system, according to the oleaginousness difference oil plant oil plant generally is divided into and low contains oil plant and height contains oil plant, oleaginousness being called height as peanut, vegetable seed, cottonseed, sunflower seeds etc. and containing oil plant more than 25%, adopt pre-press for extracting juice-leaching legal system oil usually; Oleaginousness be lower than 25% be called low oil-containing oil plant as soybean, rice bran etc., adopt pre-treatment direct leaching system oil usually.
Milling process is to apply physical pressure grease is separated from oil plant, does not relate to adding any chemical substance, and the various compositions in the expressed oil keep comparatively complete, but that shortcoming is an oil yield is lower.Lixiviation process is selected the solvent that meets relevant national standard for use, utilizes the character of dissolving each other of grease and selected solvent, contacts and its extraction is dissolved out with grease in the solid oil plant of handling by solvent, and remove solvent in the grease with strict process.Compare with milling process, Residual oil is few in its dregs of rice of leaching legal system oil, the oil yield height, and tooling cost is lower, working condition is good; Oil resource is fully utilized.
Along with the raising of health of people consciousness, people especially became to safety, the nutrition of edible oil to food and pay close attention to more, and country also pays close attention to this, and China formulated and issued and implemented the new standard of edible oil in 2004.New standard stipulates that all small packages edible oils must indicate " milling process " or " lixiviation process " production technique on label, and dated raw material is " transgenosis " or " non-transgenic ", and the product of Zhu Minging must not sold on market.At present, the edible oil of plain press production is higher by about 30% than leaching the edible oil price of producing.Therefore, though the oil made from the oil plant milling process is subjected to people's welcome; It is lower that but shortcoming is an oil yield, and the added value of squeeze cake is lower; Especially to the less oil expression of industrial scale enterprise,, be difficult to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, be difficult for dominating the market by the traditional technology oil expression.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of puffing expression method for producing oil with low oil-containing oil-bearing material, be particularly suitable for the less producer of some industrial scales, utilize vegetable oil material to produce the squeeze cake of high-quality pressed oil and high added value, in market, has significant competitive power to overcome the high difficulty of oil processing industry small-scale production cost, to make.
Purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical scheme: the present invention is a kind of puffing expression method for producing oil with low oil-containing oil-bearing material, and described low oil-containing oil plant comprises with rice bran and soybean being two class oil plants of representative, it is characterized in that comprising the step of following order:
1) impurity in the oil plant is removed in cleaning;
2) modified, described oil plant is carried out the adjusting of temperature and moisture;
3) extruding puffing, with described oil plant pushed, expanded;
4) kill enzyme, drying, extruding, oil plant after expanded are killed enzyme and drying;
5) squeezing, dried oil plant squeezing is fuel-displaced.
When with the soybean being the oil plant oil expression, after the step 1) cleaning, also the oil plant after the cleaning is carried out step 1A) fragmentation, and then carry out step 2) modified; In step 2) modified after, also oil plant is carried out step 2A) strip plate, oil plant is rolled into the material base that thickness is 0.3~0.5mm, and then carries out the step 3) extruding puffing.
At step 1A) in the fragmentation, the particle size after cracking of oil plant soybean is 4~6 lobes.
At step 1A) in the fragmentation, the oil plant powder that the fines content of the oil plant that is broken is controlled to be by 20 orders/inch sieve is no more than 10%.
In step 2) modified in, refining temperature is 50~70 ℃, the moisture content of material after modified is 9%~12%.
In the step 3) extruding puffing, the pressure of heating steam is 0.6~0.8Mpa, and drop temperature is 100~110 ℃, expanded coefficient 1.2~1.4 (promptly the ratio of the diameter of expanded material and nib exit diameter is together following).
In the step 3) extruding puffing, being kept moisture by expanded material when advancing bulking machine is 9~12%, and keeping moisture when going out bulking machine is 11~14%.
When step 4) was killed enzyme, drying, temperature was at 105~120 ℃, and after the drying, the moisture of oil plant remains on below 6% to meet the squeezing requirement.
When step 5) was squeezed, moisture when oil plant goes into to press kept 3%~6%, press in the cake Residual oil remain on 7% or below.When step 5) was squeezed, the temperature when oil plant goes into to press was 100~110 ℃.
The explanation of such scheme:
Step 1) cleaning: according to low oil-containing oil plant and the difference of impurity on physical propertiess such as granularity, proportion, shape, condition of surface, hardness, magnetic, gasdynamics, adopt method and relevant devices such as screening, selection by winnowing, gravity separation and magnetic separation, with the Impurity removal in the oil plant.After cleaning, must not contain large-scale impurity such as stone, iron are assorted, the rope made of hemp, wormwood.
Step 1A) fragmentation: for big beans oil plant, also need fragmentation after the cleaning, make oil plant have certain particle to meet the strip plate condition; Surface-area after the oil plant fragmentation increases, and is beneficial to the transmission of temperature and moisture when modified, and modified effect improves.Require to answer epigranular after the oil plant fragmentation, not fuel-displaced, not agglomerating, become powder less.For big beans oil plant, can adopt toothed roll crusher to carry out fragmentation.
Step 2) modified: the big beans oil plant after rice bran class or the fragmentation is carried out the adjusting of temperature and moisture, make its moisture be fit to later extruding puffing, and have suitable elastoplasticity, fines content and roll banding phenomenon during with the minimizing strip plate guarantee the base tablet quality.
Step 2A) strip plate: will hang down the oil-containing oil plant such as soybean is squeezed into laminar base sheet with crushing roll.
Step 3) extruding puffing: after a series of physics, the chemical actions such as wet, the heat effect of mechanical effect such as the meat sheet is squeezed in extruder, rubs, shears, pressurization and the steam that sprays into and frictional heat, the oil cell of oil plant is thoroughly destroyed, grease fully exposes, and objectionable impurities obtains passivation.Carry out extruding puffing with the oil plant extruder, at the end of extrusion screw, high temperature, high pressure oil plant come out sharply to expand because of release suddenly through die head, obtain loose porous and extruding puffing oil plant that intensity is high is beneficial to the raising of later squeezing oil yield.
Step 4) is killed enzyme, drying: because of through expanded again the squeezing after its Residual oil of squeeze cake low, quality good, can be used for milk cow feed etc., but must be earlier through killing enzyme, make that urease meets urease content national standard in the feed in the squeeze cake, livestock has eaten just and can not suffer from diarrhea.In addition, the moisture in the oil plant of extruding puffing generally can't satisfy the requirement of squeezing machine to moisture, and therefore, expanded oil plant must carry out drying, moisture is dropped to the requirement of satisfying the squeezing step.This process can be carried out in five layers of evapo-separated machine, above three layers kill urease, lower two layers is carried out the drying of expanded material.
Step 5) squeezing: with squeezing machine the squeezing grease in the expanded material is gone out, as crude oil; Residual oil is generally below 7% in the squeeze cake.
Squeezing contains a certain amount of crumb in the crude oil, must remove the gred before oil and fat refining, so crude oil needs remove most crumb through dragveyer, obtains squeezing edible vegetable oil remove bits such as a spot of crumb again through leaf-type filter after, sends to refining again.
Squeeze cake can be directly used in the raw material of making to produce feed after crushed, and added value of product increases.
In traditional single pressing system oil process,, often adopt " steam and fry " process in order to obtain the good pressability of blank.The oil plant temperature of " steaming and frying " process is up to more than 120 ℃, and for up to 30~40 minutes, this process not only consumed a large amount of electric power and steam, and made proteinic quality be subjected to great destruction.Therefore greatly reduce the quality of squeezing crude oil and press for extracting juice cake.The present invention replaces traditional steaming and frying technique with the full oil-containing puffing technique of low oil-containing oil plant, make oil plant moment in tens seconds finish puffing process, avoided oil plant to steam proteinic excessive sex change in the stir-fry process at long-time high temperature, reduced the loss of Methionin, improve the protein mass of squeeze cake, efficiently solved the unfavorable problem that long-time high temperature brings in traditional steaming and frying technique.
Secondly, the enzyme effect of going out of the short time high temperature high pressure of puffing can make squeezing crude oil phosphorus content significantly reduce, and the crude oil color shoals and is easier to decolouring, has improved the quality and the oil and fat refining rate of squeezing crude oil.
Once more, after a series of physics, the chemical actions such as wet, the heat effect of mechanical effect such as the base sheet of oil plant is squeezed in the oil plant extruder, rubs, shears, pressurization and the steam that sprays into and frictional heat, the oil cell of oil plant is thoroughly destroyed, grease fully exposes in the cell, form expanded microtexture, be very beneficial for oil is squeezed out from oil plant, improve oil yield, objectionable impurities obtains passivation.At the end of extrusion screw, high temperature, high-pressure material come out through die head, and because of release suddenly, material sharply expands and obtains loose porous and extruding puffing oil plant that intensity is high.The squeeze cake of extruding puffing oil plant is loose, and fines content is little, and squeeze cake easily is shaped; Also can increase the treatment capacity of squeezing machine, reduce the squeezing machine power consumption, reduce mechanical wear.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect
To adopting soybean or rice bran to make raw material, the enterprise of industrial scale little (about 50 tons of day outputs) utilizes the inventive method, and promptly expanded back single pressing technology has the following advantages:
(1) course of processing intermediates quality height
A. oil plant moment in tens seconds is finished puffing process, avoided oil plant to steam proteinic excessive sex change in the stir-fry process at long-time high temperature, reduced the loss of Methionin, improved the protein mass of oil meal, had good palatability, advantage that digestibility is high as feedstuff raw material.
B. behind the oil passing extruding puffing, effectively some toxin of passivation, antinutritional factor and lipase reduce in the following process process lipase to greasy deleterious effect; And after puffing, improved the quality of squeezing crude oil, reduced the phosphorus content of squeezing crude oil, the crude oil color shoals, and oil yield, refining yield obviously improve.
(2) process stabilizing, easy to implement
After using bulking process, the strip plate specification of quality is reduced greatly, can effectively alleviate because the problem of strip plate quality restriction throughput; Reduced going into to press moisture requirement, be loosened to 4%~6% below 3%, be convenient to operation by the original moisture requirement of going into to press.In addition, the complete expanded material of oil-containing is more suitable for into press for extracting juice, has reduced the squeezing machine load, squeezing oil yield height; The oil plant forming of expanded back has solved the one-tenth cake difficulty of oil plant squeezing, the difficult problem that fines content is big.
(3) energy-saving and cost-reducing.
Increase the treatment capacity of squeezing machine, reduced the mechanomotive force consumption of squeezing, reduced the wearing and tearing of squeezing machine, prolonged the work-ing life of pressing screw rod, pressing bar.
In sum, the present invention fries operation with the steaming in the extruding puffing replaceable operation chain tradition single pressing operation, has improved the quality and the quantity of squeezing crude oil; Increase the treatment capacity of squeezing machine, reduced the power consumption and the wearing and tearing of squeezing machine, reduced cost; Obtain high-quality pure physical squeezing oil and can be directly used in the squeeze cake that feed is processed, improved added value of product.The inventive method is applicable to that mainly with low oil-containing oil plants such as soybean, rice brans be raw material, and the system oil enterprise that produces high quality pressed oil and squeeze cake on a small scale uses.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: contain the extract oil production of small-sized output (30 ton per days~50 ton per days) of oil plant rice bran to low, adopts the expanded technology of single pressing afterwards, step is successively:
1) cleaning: behind rice bran process vibratory screening apparatus, the rice bran-brewer separator, containing assorted is below 1%;
2) modified: that the rice bran after the cleaning is carried out the adjusting of temperature and moisture, 50 ℃ of temperature, moisture content 11%;
3) extruding puffing: on YJP16 oil plant extruder, carry out, advance the base sheet moisture content 11% of bulking machine, go out the expanded material moisture content 13% of bulking machine, 105 ℃ of expanded temperature outs, expanded coefficient 1.30; Vapor pressure 0.6Mpa.
4) kill enzyme, drying: kill enzyme, drying in the laminar evapo-separated machine, temperature is at 120 ℃, and drying is expanded material moisture content 6% afterwards;
5) squeezing: with squeezing machine to dried expanded material squeeze crude oil, go into to press 105 ℃ of temperature, moisture 6% when going into to press, Residual oil 7% in the squeeze cake.This crude oil becomes squeezing edible vegetable oil through dragging for slag, filtration.Embodiment 2: with the inventive method the system oil of the small-sized output of soybean (50 ton per days~150 ton per days) is produced, adopted the technology of expanded back single pressing, step is successively:
1) cleaning: after soybean process vibratory screening apparatus, stone remover, magnetic separator, the selection by winnowing, containing assorted is below 1%;
1A) fragmentation: soybean is after the toothed roll crusher fragmentation, and particle size after cracking is 4~6 lobes, and the fines content of broken beans is no more than 10% for the powder by 20 orders/inch sieve.
2) modified: refining temperature is 60 ℃, and the moisture content of material after modified is 10%.
2A) strip plate: base sheet thickness is 0.4mm;
3) expanded: as on YJP16 oil plant extruder, to carry out, advance the base sheet moisture content 10% of bulking machine, go out the expanded material moisture content 12% of bulking machine, 105 ℃ of expanded temperature outs, expanded coefficient 1.36.Vapor pressure 0.7Mpa;
4) kill enzyme, drying: kill enzyme, drying in the laminar evapo-separated machine, with five laminar evapo-separated machines, wherein top three layers are killed enzyme, and lower two layers is carried out drying, and temperature is 115 ℃, the expanded material moisture content 3% in dry back;
5) squeezing: with squeezing machine to dried expanded material squeeze crude oil, go into to press 105 ℃ of temperature, go into to press moisture 3%, Residual oil 6% in the squeeze cake.This crude oil becomes squeezing edible vegetable oil through dragging for slag, filtration.
Embodiment 3: with the inventive method the system oil of the small-sized output of soybean (50 ton per days~150 ton per days) is produced, adopted the technology of expanded back single pressing, step is successively:
1) cleaning: after soybean process vibratory screening apparatus, stone remover, magnetic separator, selection by winnowing, containing assorted is below 1%;
1A) fragmentation: after the toothed roll crusher fragmentation, particle size after cracking is 4~6 lobes with soybean, and the powder that the fines content of broken beans is controlled to be by 20 orders/inch sieve is no more than 10%.
2) modified: refining temperature is 70 ℃, and the moisture content of material after modified is 9%.
2A) strip plate: base sheet thickness is 0.5mm;
3) expanded: as on YJP16 oil plant extruder, to carry out, advance the base sheet moisture content 9% of bulking machine, go out the expanded material moisture content 11% of bulking machine, 110 ℃ of expanded temperature outs, expanded coefficient 1.40; Vapor pressure 0.8Mpa;
4) kill enzyme, drying: in five laminar evapo-separated machines, carry out, above three layers kill enzyme, lower two layers is carried out drying, temperature is 105 ℃, after the drying, expanded material moisture content 4%;
5) squeezing: with squeezing machine dried expanded material is squeezed, get crude oil; Go into to press 110 ℃ of temperature, go into to press moisture 4%, Residual oil 6.5% in the squeeze cake.This crude oil becomes squeezing edible vegetable oil through dragging for slag, filtration.
Effect
Good, the lighter color of the squeezing quality of crude oil of producing with this method can obtain squeezing level Four oil after filtering, can sell, or refining obtains squeezing one-level oil again refining yield height, the one-level oil of a little higher than leaching crude oil of commercial value after refining.In addition, the protein mass of squeeze cake is good, and contains a certain amount of grease, can be directly used in the raw material of producing feed, as be used to do milk cow feed etc., has improved the value that byproduct presses cake.Oil and squeeze cake that this method is produced have the market competitiveness.

Claims (10)

1. puffing expression method for producing oil with low oil-containing oil-bearing material is characterized in that comprising the step of following order:
1) impurity in the oil plant is removed in cleaning;
2) modified, oil plant is carried out the adjusting of temperature and moisture;
3) extruding puffing, with described oil plant pushed, expanded;
4) kill enzyme, drying, extruding, oil plant after expanded are killed enzyme and drying;
5) squeezing is squeezed dried oil plant fuel-displaced.
2. method of making oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
After the step 1) cleaning, also the oil plant after the cleaning is carried out step 1A) fragmentation, and then carry out step 2) modified; In step 2) modified after, also oil plant is carried out step 2A) strip plate, oil plant is rolled into the material base that thickness is 0.3~0.5mm, and then carries out the step 3) extruding puffing.
3. method of making oil according to claim 2 is characterized in that: at step 1A) in the fragmentation, described oil plant is a soybean, particle size after cracking is 4~6 lobes.
4. method of making oil according to claim 2 is characterized in that: at step 1A) in the fragmentation, the oil plant that the fines content of the oil plant that is broken is controlled to be by 20 orders/inch sieve is no more than 10%.
5. method of making oil according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: in step 2) modified in, temperature is 50~70 ℃, the moisture content of material after modified is 9%~12%.
6. method of making oil according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: in the step 3) extruding puffing, the pressure of heating steam is 0.6~0.8Mpa, and drop temperature is 100~110 ℃, expanded coefficient 1.2~1.4.
7. method of making oil according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: in the step 3) extruding puffing, being kept moisture by expanded material when advancing bulking machine is 9~12%, and keeping moisture when going out bulking machine is 11~14%.
8. method of making oil according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: when step 4) was killed enzyme, drying, temperature was at 105~120 ℃, and after the drying, the moisture of oil plant remains on below 6%.
9. method of making oil according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: when step 5) was squeezed, moisture when oil plant goes into to press kept 3%~6%, press in the cake Residual oil remain on 7% or below.
10. method of making oil according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: when step 5) was squeezed, the temperature when oil plant goes into to press was 100~110 ℃.
CNA2008101029266A 2008-03-28 2008-03-28 Puffing expression method for producing oil with low oil-containing oil-bearing material Pending CN101245284A (en)

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102399624A (en) * 2011-10-17 2012-04-04 张瑾 Soybean squeezing method without refining process
CN102550934A (en) * 2012-01-11 2012-07-11 东方集团粮油食品有限公司 Full-cream stable rice bran powder
CN102676288A (en) * 2012-06-04 2012-09-19 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 Production method of cold pressing peanut oil
CN102676289A (en) * 2012-06-04 2012-09-19 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 Method for low temperature cold pressing of peanut oil
CN102703206A (en) * 2012-06-19 2012-10-03 东北农业大学 Method for extracting fragrant sunflower seed oil
CN103045348A (en) * 2012-12-03 2013-04-17 郭少海 Method for processing pre-leached material of camellia seed through bulking
CN103082085A (en) * 2011-10-31 2013-05-08 刘继一 Production process of expanded full-fat soybean powder for feed
CN103333738A (en) * 2013-06-14 2013-10-02 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 Physical method for preparing vegetable oil
CN105087147A (en) * 2015-10-09 2015-11-25 黑龙江林加林油脂有限公司 Method for preparing soybean oil through cold pressing
CN108342248A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-07-31 东北农业大学 A method of immobilised enzymes roller is applied to puffing cold pressing oil technique productions expanded soybean albumen powder and cold press soybean oil
CN108342249A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-07-31 东北农业大学 A method of puffing technique is applied to cold pressing oil technique productions expanded soybean albumen powder and cold press soybean oil
CN108504444A (en) * 2018-04-02 2018-09-07 陕西杨凌陕特农业发展有限公司 The processing technology of one vegetable oil
CN112175712A (en) * 2019-07-03 2021-01-05 上海谷励智能设备有限公司 Ultrasonic wall-breaking screw device for vegetable oil
CN113372992A (en) * 2021-07-02 2021-09-10 安徽省农业科学院农产品加工研究所 Extraction and refining process of rice bran oil

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102399624A (en) * 2011-10-17 2012-04-04 张瑾 Soybean squeezing method without refining process
CN103082085A (en) * 2011-10-31 2013-05-08 刘继一 Production process of expanded full-fat soybean powder for feed
CN102550934A (en) * 2012-01-11 2012-07-11 东方集团粮油食品有限公司 Full-cream stable rice bran powder
CN102676289A (en) * 2012-06-04 2012-09-19 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 Method for low temperature cold pressing of peanut oil
CN102676288A (en) * 2012-06-04 2012-09-19 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 Production method of cold pressing peanut oil
CN102703206A (en) * 2012-06-19 2012-10-03 东北农业大学 Method for extracting fragrant sunflower seed oil
CN103045348A (en) * 2012-12-03 2013-04-17 郭少海 Method for processing pre-leached material of camellia seed through bulking
CN103333738A (en) * 2013-06-14 2013-10-02 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 Physical method for preparing vegetable oil
CN103333738B (en) * 2013-06-14 2014-10-08 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 Physical method for preparing vegetable oil
CN105087147A (en) * 2015-10-09 2015-11-25 黑龙江林加林油脂有限公司 Method for preparing soybean oil through cold pressing
CN108342248A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-07-31 东北农业大学 A method of immobilised enzymes roller is applied to puffing cold pressing oil technique productions expanded soybean albumen powder and cold press soybean oil
CN108342249A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-07-31 东北农业大学 A method of puffing technique is applied to cold pressing oil technique productions expanded soybean albumen powder and cold press soybean oil
CN108504444A (en) * 2018-04-02 2018-09-07 陕西杨凌陕特农业发展有限公司 The processing technology of one vegetable oil
CN112175712A (en) * 2019-07-03 2021-01-05 上海谷励智能设备有限公司 Ultrasonic wall-breaking screw device for vegetable oil
CN113372992A (en) * 2021-07-02 2021-09-10 安徽省农业科学院农产品加工研究所 Extraction and refining process of rice bran oil

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