CN111018548A - 一种废旧耐火材料的回收利用方法 - Google Patents
一种废旧耐火材料的回收利用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明是一种废旧耐火材料的回收利用方法,本发明合理的利用废旧耐火材料,不仅减少了环境污染,还大大降低了耐火材料的成本和炼钢成本。此外,通过强度处理工艺,使颗粒料的气孔减少,进而提高颗粒料的强度,提高颗粒料再利用的性能,废旧耐火材料的回收利用率可以达到95%以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及炼钢耐火材料回收利用技术领域,尤其涉及一种废旧耐火材料的回收利用方法。
背景技术
《中华人民共和国固体废弃物污染防治法》明确了关于固体废物的定义,其中耐火材料形成固体废旧物属工业固体废旧物范畴。每年产生大量废旧耐火材料,除了一定量的废旧耐材得到了回收再利用,还是有大量的废旧耐材仍以掩埋的方式进行处理,处理方式简单而粗暴,占有了大量可耕用地,许多偏酸性或碱性的耐火材料更是对所用地的地下水资源造成了永久性的污染,极大的而破坏了土壤的生态平衡。但是目前的废旧耐火材料的回收利用率大都比较低,其性能也不能保证,不能很好的满足使用需求。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决现有技术的不足,而提供一种废旧耐火材料的回收利用方法。
本发明为实现上述目的,采用以下技术方案:一种废旧耐火材料的回收利用方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)选料:选用符合要求的钢包砖、转户砖、高炉出铁口料和精练炉用耐火材料;
(2)粉碎:
a粗破碎:用颚式破碎机对原材料进行粗破碎,通过皮带输送机输送到振动筛上筛分,选出颗粒粒径在15mm以下的颗粒料;
b细破碎:将15mm以上的颗粒料用捶式破碎机进行细碎,再用冲击破碎机进行破碎,使颗粒料粒径小于4mm;
(3)强度处理:将颗粒料经过氧化处理,再用磷酸、金属盐溶液、硅镕胶或金属有机物等进行真空浸渍,使浸渍剂进入颗粒料的气孔中,然后固化或者高温处理,使颗粒料的气孔减少,进而提高颗粒料的强度;
(4)除铁:对步骤(3)中得到的颗粒料进行磁选除去铁杂质;
(5)配料:对步骤(4)中除铁后的颗粒料进行配料;其配料按重量由下列组分组成:颗粒料90-100份、石油焦粉6份、二氧化硅微粉1份、重晶石粉3份、热固性树脂13-15份、氧化镁3份、三氧化二铝2份、石墨3份、刚玉粉料10份、沥青6份,然后将上述原料加入混炼机中进行混炼,于90-100℃条件下混炼40-60min;
(6)高压成型:将步骤(5)所得的混合物进行高压成型,在1300℃-1400℃的高温隧道窑内进行烧成,保温5-8h,冷却后得到再生高铝砖。
步骤(5)中,加料顺序为:先加入颗粒料,再加入热固性树脂,接着依次加入石油焦粉6份、二氧化硅微粉1份、重晶石粉3份、氧化镁3份、三氧化二铝2份、石墨3份和沥青6份,最后加入刚玉粉料和结合剂。
步骤(5)中,热固性树脂为T60含碳树脂和酚醛树脂。
步骤(5)中,T60含碳树脂和酚醛树脂的质量份数比为1:3。
步骤(5)中,石墨的粒径为50-150目。
步骤(6)中,高压成型的压力范围为200-260Mpa,此压力范围内制得的高铝砖体积密度高,性能好。
本发明合理的利用废旧耐火材料,不仅减少了环境污染,还大大降低了耐火材料的成本和炼钢成本。此外,通过强度处理工艺,使颗粒料的气孔减少,进而提高颗粒料的强度,提高颗粒料再利用的性能,废旧耐火材料的回收利用率可以达到95%以上。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明:
一种废旧耐火材料的回收利用方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)选料:选用符合要求的钢包砖、转户砖、高炉出铁口料和精练炉用耐火材料;
(2)粉碎:
a粗破碎:用颚式破碎机对原材料进行粗破碎,通过皮带输送机输送到振动筛上筛分,选出颗粒粒径在15mm以下的颗粒料;
b细破碎:将15mm以上的颗粒料用捶式破碎机进行细碎,再用冲击破碎机进行破碎,使颗粒料粒径小于4mm;
(3)强度处理:将颗粒料经过氧化处理,再用磷酸、金属盐溶液、硅镕胶或金属有机物等进行真空浸渍,使浸渍剂进入颗粒料的气孔中,然后固化或者高温处理,使颗粒料的气孔减少,进而提高颗粒料的强度;
(4)除铁:对步骤(3)中得到的颗粒料进行磁选除去铁杂质;
(5)配料:对步骤(4)中除铁后的颗粒料进行配料;其配料按重量由下列组分组成:颗粒料90-100份、石油焦粉6份、二氧化硅微粉1份、重晶石粉3份、热固性树脂13-15份、氧化镁3份、三氧化二铝2份、石墨3份、刚玉粉料10份、沥青6份,然后将上述原料加入混炼机中进行混炼,于90-100℃条件下混炼40-60min;
(6)高压成型:将步骤(5)所得的混合物进行高压成型,在1300℃-1400℃的高温隧道窑内进行烧成,保温5-8h,冷却后得到再生高铝砖。
步骤(5)中,加料顺序为:先加入颗粒料,再加入热固性树脂,接着依次加入石油焦粉6份、二氧化硅微粉1份、重晶石粉3份、氧化镁3份、三氧化二铝2份、石墨3份和沥青6份,最后加入刚玉粉料和结合剂。
步骤(5)中,热固性树脂为T60含碳树脂和酚醛树脂。
步骤(5)中,T60含碳树脂和酚醛树脂的质量份数比为1:3。
步骤(5)中,石墨的粒径为50-150目。
步骤(6)中,高压成型的压力范围为200-260Mpa,此压力范围内制得的高铝砖体积密度高,性能好。
实施例1:
一种废旧耐火材料的回收利用方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)选料:选用符合要求的钢包砖、转户砖、高炉出铁口料和精练炉用耐火材料;
(2)粉碎:
a粗破碎:用颚式破碎机对原材料进行粗破碎,通过皮带输送机输送到振动筛上筛分,选出颗粒粒径在15mm以下的颗粒料;
b细破碎:将15mm以上的颗粒料用捶式破碎机进行细碎,再用冲击破碎机进行破碎,使颗粒料粒径小于4mm;
(3)强度处理:将颗粒料经过氧化处理,再用磷酸、金属盐溶液、硅镕胶或金属有机物等进行真空浸渍,使浸渍剂进入颗粒料的气孔中,然后固化或者高温处理,使颗粒料的气孔减少,进而提高颗粒料的强度;
(4)除铁:对步骤(3)中得到的颗粒料进行磁选除去铁杂质;
(5)配料:对步骤(4)中除铁后的颗粒料进行配料;其配料按重量由下列组分组成:颗粒料100份、石油焦粉6份、二氧化硅微粉1份、重晶石粉3份、热固性树脂15份、氧化镁3份、三氧化二铝2份、石墨3份、刚玉粉料10份、沥青6份,然后将上述原料加入混炼机中进行混炼,于100℃条件下混炼60min;
(6)高压成型:将步骤(5)所得的混合物进行高压成型,在1400℃的高温隧道窑内进行烧成,保温5h,冷却后得到再生高铝砖。
步骤(5)中,加料顺序为:先加入颗粒料,再加入热固性树脂,接着依次加入石油焦粉6份、二氧化硅微粉1份、重晶石粉3份、氧化镁3份、三氧化二铝2份、石墨3份和沥青6份,最后加入刚玉粉料和结合剂。
步骤(5)中,热固性树脂为T60含碳树脂和酚醛树脂。
步骤(5)中,T60含碳树脂和酚醛树脂的质量份数比为1:3。
步骤(5)中,石墨的粒径为150目。
步骤(6)中,高压成型的压力范围为260Mpa,此压力范围内制得的高铝砖体积密度高,性能好。
实施例2:
一种废旧耐火材料的回收利用方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)选料:选用符合要求的钢包砖、转户砖、高炉出铁口料和精练炉用耐火材料;
(2)粉碎:
a粗破碎:用颚式破碎机对原材料进行粗破碎,通过皮带输送机输送到振动筛上筛分,选出颗粒粒径在15mm以下的颗粒料;
b细破碎:将15mm以上的颗粒料用捶式破碎机进行细碎,再用冲击破碎机进行破碎,使颗粒料粒径小于4mm;
(3)强度处理:将颗粒料经过氧化处理,再用磷酸、金属盐溶液、硅镕胶或金属有机物等进行真空浸渍,使浸渍剂进入颗粒料的气孔中,然后固化或者高温处理,使颗粒料的气孔减少,进而提高颗粒料的强度;
(4)除铁:对步骤(3)中得到的颗粒料进行磁选除去铁杂质;
(5)配料:对步骤(4)中除铁后的颗粒料进行配料;其配料按重量由下列组分组成:颗粒料90份、石油焦粉6份、二氧化硅微粉1份、重晶石粉3份、热固性树脂13份、氧化镁3份、三氧化二铝2份、石墨3份、刚玉粉料10份、沥青6份,然后将上述原料加入混炼机中进行混炼,于90℃条件下混炼40min;
(6)高压成型:将步骤(5)所得的混合物进行高压成型,在1300℃的高温隧道窑内进行烧成,保温8h,冷却后得到再生高铝砖。
步骤(5)中,加料顺序为:先加入颗粒料,再加入热固性树脂,接着依次加入石油焦粉6份、二氧化硅微粉1份、重晶石粉3份、氧化镁3份、三氧化二铝2份、石墨3份和沥青6份,最后加入刚玉粉料和结合剂。
步骤(5)中,热固性树脂为T60含碳树脂和酚醛树脂。
步骤(5)中,T60含碳树脂和酚醛树脂的质量份数比为1:3。
步骤(5)中,石墨的粒径为50目。
步骤(6)中,高压成型的压力范围为200Mpa,此压力范围内制得的高铝砖体积密度高,性能好。
实施例3:
一种废旧耐火材料的回收利用方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)选料:选用符合要求的钢包砖、转户砖、高炉出铁口料和精练炉用耐火材料;
(2)粉碎:
a粗破碎:用颚式破碎机对原材料进行粗破碎,通过皮带输送机输送到振动筛上筛分,选出颗粒粒径在15mm以下的颗粒料;
b细破碎:将15mm以上的颗粒料用捶式破碎机进行细碎,再用冲击破碎机进行破碎,使颗粒料粒径小于4mm;
(3)强度处理:将颗粒料经过氧化处理,再用磷酸、金属盐溶液、硅镕胶或金属有机物等进行真空浸渍,使浸渍剂进入颗粒料的气孔中,然后固化或者高温处理,使颗粒料的气孔减少,进而提高颗粒料的强度;
(4)除铁:对步骤(3)中得到的颗粒料进行磁选除去铁杂质;
(5)配料:对步骤(4)中除铁后的颗粒料进行配料;其配料按重量由下列组分组成:颗粒料95份、石油焦粉6份、二氧化硅微粉1份、重晶石粉3份、热固性树脂14份、氧化镁3份、三氧化二铝2份、石墨3份、刚玉粉料10份、沥青6份,然后将上述原料加入混炼机中进行混炼,于95℃条件下混炼55min;
(6)高压成型:将步骤(5)所得的混合物进行高压成型,在1350℃的高温隧道窑内进行烧成,保温7h,冷却后得到再生高铝砖。
步骤(5)中,加料顺序为:先加入颗粒料,再加入热固性树脂,接着依次加入石油焦粉6份、二氧化硅微粉1份、重晶石粉3份、氧化镁3份、三氧化二铝2份、石墨3份和沥青6份,最后加入刚玉粉料和结合剂。
步骤(5)中,热固性树脂为T60含碳树脂和酚醛树脂。
步骤(5)中,T60含碳树脂和酚醛树脂的质量份数比为1:3。
步骤(5)中,石墨的粒径为100目。
步骤(6)中,高压成型的压力范围为230Mpa,此压力范围内制得的高铝砖体积密度高,性能好。
上面结合具体实施例对本发明进行了示例性描述,显然本发明具体实现并不受上述方式的限制,只要采用了本发明的方法构思和技术方案进行的各种改进,或未经改进直接应用于其它场合的,均在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种废旧耐火材料的回收利用方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)选料:选用符合要求的钢包砖、转户砖、高炉出铁口料和精练炉用耐火材料;
(2)粉碎:
a粗破碎:用颚式破碎机对原材料进行粗破碎,通过皮带输送机输送到振动筛上筛分,选出颗粒粒径在15mm以下的颗粒料;
b细破碎:将15mm以上的颗粒料用捶式破碎机进行细碎,再用冲击破碎机进行破碎,使颗粒料粒径小于4mm;
(3)强度处理:将颗粒料经过氧化处理,再用磷酸、金属盐溶液、硅镕胶或金属有机物等进行真空浸渍,使浸渍剂进入颗粒料的气孔中,然后固化或者高温处理,使颗粒料的气孔减少,进而提高颗粒料的强度;
(4)除铁:对步骤(3)中得到的颗粒料进行磁选除去铁杂质;
(5)配料:对步骤(4)中除铁后的颗粒料进行配料;其配料按重量由下列组分组成:颗粒料90-100份、石油焦粉6份、二氧化硅微粉1份、重晶石粉3份、热固性树脂13-15份、氧化镁3份、三氧化二铝2份、石墨3份、刚玉粉料10份、沥青6份,然后将上述原料加入混炼机中进行混炼,于90-100℃条件下混炼40-60min;
(6)高压成型:将步骤(5)所得的混合物进行高压成型,在1300℃-1400℃的高温隧道窑内进行烧成,保温5-8h,冷却后得到再生高铝砖。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种废旧耐火材料的回收利用方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)中,加料顺序为:先加入颗粒料,再加入热固性树脂,接着依次加入石油焦粉6份、二氧化硅微粉1份、重晶石粉3份、氧化镁3份、三氧化二铝2份、石墨3份和沥青6份,最后加入刚玉粉料和结合剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种废旧耐火材料的回收利用方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)中,热固性树脂为T60含碳树脂和酚醛树脂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种废旧耐火材料的回收利用方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)中,T60含碳树脂和酚醛树脂的质量份数比为1:3。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种废旧耐火材料的回收利用方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)中,石墨的粒径为50-150目。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种废旧耐火材料的回收利用方法,其特征在于,步骤(6)中,高压成型的压力范围为200-260Mpa。
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