CN111018252A - Multifunctional composite type artificial wetland sewage treatment system - Google Patents
Multifunctional composite type artificial wetland sewage treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111018252A CN111018252A CN201911375392.9A CN201911375392A CN111018252A CN 111018252 A CN111018252 A CN 111018252A CN 201911375392 A CN201911375392 A CN 201911375392A CN 111018252 A CN111018252 A CN 111018252A
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 gravel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920011532 unplasticized polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000016425 Arthrospira platensis Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000002900 Arthrospira platensis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229940082787 spirulina Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 59
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 19
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 11
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001365789 Oenanthe crocata Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000239183 Filaria Species 0.000 description 1
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a multifunctional composite type artificial wetland sewage treatment system which comprises an artificial wetland cell body and a water collecting channel which are adjacently arranged, wherein the artificial wetland cell body is provided with a water distribution weir along the inner wall of a surrounding masonry, a packing layer is arranged in the artificial wetland cell body, a shallow water layer is formed on the packing layer through a water level adjusting device, wetland plants are introduced into the shallow water layer, emergent aquatic plants are planted at the top of the packing layer, the top surface of the water distribution weir is higher than the top surface of the packing layer, the top of the water collecting channel is provided with a cover plate, the bottom of the water collecting channel is provided with a drain pipe, the bottom of the packing layer of the artificial wetland cell is horizontally provided with a water collecting pipe, one end of the water collecting pipe is connected with a vertically arranged vent pipe, the other. The invention integrates the advantages of the superficial flow wetland and the subsurface flow wetland, combines the slow filtration and the biological purification technology, has high pollutant area load, small occupied area, low cost and more stable water outlet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a multifunctional composite type constructed wetland sewage treatment system.
Background
In the fields of purification treatment of micro-polluted water and treatment of tail water upgrading discharged sewage of sewage treatment plants, the artificial wetland sewage treatment technology is favored because of the advantages of low operation cost, simple maintenance and management, good purification effect, and being closer to ecology and nature, and is more and more widely applied. At present, the surface flow constructed wetland needs to be selected according to local conditions due to low pollutant area load, large floor area, high operation and maintenance difficulty and large limitation on application range; compared with the surface flow wetland, the subsurface flow wetland has the advantages of large pollutant area, small occupied area and simple maintenance and management, so the subsurface flow wetland is widely applied, but the wetland has the defects of large wetland filler consumption, high investment cost, limited construction scale, reduced purification efficiency and unstable effluent after plants of the wetland are harvested in winter.
Therefore, in the field of applying the artificial wetland sewage treatment technology to treat micro-polluted natural water or deeply purify tail water discharged by sewage treatment plants, the new artificial wetland sewage treatment technology with high pollutant area load, small floor area and more stable water outlet is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a multifunctional composite type artificial wetland sewage treatment system, which utilizes the advantages of shallow surface flow and vertical subsurface flow wetlands to treat polluted river water, black odorous water and tail water of sewage treatment plants.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a multi-functional compound constructed wetland sewage treatment system which characterized in that, includes constructed wetland cell body and the catchment canal of adjacent setting, constructed wetland cell body sets up the water distribution weir along brickwork inner wall all around, and the inside packing layer that sets up of constructed wetland cell body forms the shallow layer through water level adjusting device on the packing layer, introduce wetland plant in the shallow layer, the emergent aquatic plant is planted at the packing layer top, water distribution weir top surface is higher than the shallow layer top surface, the apron is established at the catchment canal top, and the bottom sets up the drain pipe, and artifical wetland cell packing layer bottom level sets up the collector pipe, the breather pipe of vertical setting is connected to collector pipe one end, and the other end passes the brickwork and links to each other with the vertical outlet pipe of locating in the catchment canal, and even interval is equipped with the catchment hole on the.
According to the scheme, the water collecting pipes are distributed along the bottom of the artificial wetland in blocks, and each block has an area smaller than 800m2And a plurality of water collecting pipes are uniformly arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, the ports at the two ends of the plurality of water collecting pipes are respectively communicated through connecting pipes, and the centers of the connecting pipes at the two ends are respectively communicated with the bottom parts of the ventilating pipes and the water outlet pipes.
According to the scheme, the water level adjusting device is a rotary elbow, two ends of the rotary elbow are respectively communicated with the connecting pipe and the water outlet pipe, and the top end of the water outlet pipe is provided with a horn mouth.
According to the scheme, the packing layer is divided into three layers from top to bottom, namely a fine particle size filtering layer, a medium particle size adsorption reaction layer and a coarse particle size water collecting layer, wherein the thickness of each layer is 0.3-0.5 m.
According to the scheme, the filler is one or a combination of more of broken stone, gravel, stone chips, coarse sand, coal slag, industrial waste residues or artificially synthesized fillers.
According to the scheme, the grain sizes of each layer of the packing layer from top to bottom are 8-15 mm, 15-25 mm and 30-60 mm respectively.
According to the scheme, the water distribution weir is of a steel-concrete structure or a stainless steel structure.
According to the scheme, the height difference between the top surface of the water distribution weir and the top surface of the shallow water layer is 20-30 cm.
According to the scheme, the wetland plants are the filaria and/or the shallow water type floating leaf plants.
According to the scheme, the vent pipe, the water collecting pipe, the connecting pipe and the water outlet pipe are all UPVC pipes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the multifunctional composite artificial wetland sewage treatment system is provided, the combination of the superficial flow wetland and the vertical flow wetland improves the oxygen enrichment capacity and the pollutant area load of the wetland, saves the occupied area of the wetland and reduces the investment; 2. the slow filtration and biological purification technology are combined, the self-purification capacity of the water ecological system is utilized to make up for the defect of low TN removal rate of the subsurface flow constructed wetland in the type of treating sewage with low C/N ratio, and the purification efficiency of the wetland is improved; 3. the shallow water layer is used for water distribution, the head loss is small, the water distribution is uniform, the utilization rate of the wetland area is high, meanwhile, the sewage penetrates through the wetland bed layer and adopts a slow filtration mode, the pollutant interception is more thorough, the SS concentration of the effluent is low, and the water quality purification effect is good; 4. the rotary elbow is adopted to adjust the height of the water outlet bell mouth of the water outlet pipe, so that the water level of a shallow water layer can be flexibly adjusted, the wetland operation mode is more flexible, the operation is simple, and the operation and maintenance cost is low.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, a multifunctional composite type artificial wetland sewage treatment system comprises an artificial wetland cell body 1 and a water collecting channel 2 which are adjacently arranged, wherein the artificial wetland cell body and the water collecting channel are respectively composed of a base and surrounding masonry surrounding edges, the artificial wetland cell body is provided with a water distribution weir 3 along the inner wall of the surrounding masonry, a packing layer is arranged in the artificial wetland cell, a shallow water layer 4 is formed on the packing layer through a water level adjusting device after water distribution of the water distribution weir, wetland plants 5 are introduced into the shallow water layer, emergent aquatic plants 6 are planted at the top of the packing layer, the top surface of the water distribution weir is higher than the top surface of the shallow water layer, a cover plate 7 is arranged at the top of the water collecting channel, a drain pipe 8 is arranged at the bottom of the artificial wetland cell packing layer, a water collecting pipe 9 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the artificial wetland cell body, one end of the water collecting pipe is connected, the top end of the vent pipe is higher than the top surface of the packing layer and is communicated with the atmosphere.
When the sewage treatment system operates, water flow firstly enters the water distribution weir to uniformly distribute water to the constructed wetland tank body, a shallow water layer is formed at the top of the packing layer, and the water flow enters the water collecting pipe from the water collecting hole after passing through the packing of each layer from top to bottom and then flows into the water collecting channel through the bell mouth at the top of the water outlet pipe.
The water distribution weir adopts a reinforced concrete structure to be constructed together with the pool wall, or adopts a stainless steel integral weir groove to be installed, the water distribution weir adopts the mode that the periphery is uniformly distributed, the liquid level difference between the weir top and the shallow water layer is controlled to be 20-30 cm, and the water outlet from the weir top forms water drop to realize the water drop oxygen process.
The water collecting pipes are arranged along the bottom of the artificial wetland in blocks, and the area of each block is less than 800m2And a plurality of water collecting pipes are uniformly arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, the ports at the two ends of the plurality of water collecting pipes are respectively communicated through connecting pipes, and the centers of the connecting pipes at the two ends are respectively communicated with the bottom parts of the vent pipes and the water outlet pipes. The vent pipe, the water collecting pipe, the connecting pipe and the water outlet pipe are all UPVC pipes.
The bottom end of the water outlet pipe is communicated with the connecting pipe through a rotary elbow 13, the top end of the water outlet pipe is provided with a bell mouth 14, the rotary elbow rotates to drive the water outlet pipe to rotate from horizontal position to vertical position, the height of the bell mouth of the water outlet pipe is changed through angle adjustment of the water outlet pipe, and then water level adjustment of a shallow water layer is realized so as to adapt to different operation conditions of the wetland, and the depth of the shallow water layer can be properly increased to play a role in; in the plant harvesting season, the water level can be temporarily reduced to be below the packing layer, so that the wetland plant can be harvested and maintained conveniently; the bell mouth makes the water fall like an umbrella, and the water head loss of the wetland is fully utilized to enrich oxygen in the water body.
The water depth of the shallow water layer is controlled to be 20-30 cm through water level adjustment, after the weir grooves on the periphery drop water, the water flow resistance of the shallow water layer is far smaller than the flow resistance of water flow in the packing layer and is nearly zero in the horizontal direction, the head loss of a surface water body passing through the wetland packing layer mainly comes from the flow resistance of the packing layer in the vertical direction, the resistance in each position in the vertical direction is basically equal, the uniformity of water distribution of wetland units can be guaranteed, and the utilization efficiency of the area of the wetland units is improved.
The method is characterized in that the filamentous algae and the shallow water type floating-leaf plants are planted in the shallow water layer, floating algae, attached algae and other micro animals can grow automatically after the operation for a period of time, the photosynthesis of the algae provides food and dissolved oxygen for the animals, and the aquatic animals feed on the floating algae, so that the floating algae and the aquatic animals form a benign water ecosystem; at the same time, waterThe growth of the raw animals can attract a large number of birds to inhabit, the emergent aquatic plants can provide a concealed inhabitation environment for the birds after growing out, and the whole wetland ecosystem is oily and grows, so that the whole wetland ecosystem is supplemented. Utilizes the principle of slow filtration biological purification to form a stable ecological system for adsorbing and degrading SS and pollutants in the inlet water by culturing various algae, protozoa, metazoan and other microorganisms in a shallow water layer, and simultaneously, the photosynthesis of the algae releases the O of micro-bubbles2Is easy to dissolve in water, creates a good oxygen-enriched environment for the water body, and promotes the oxidation of ammonia nitrogen and organic matters (relevant research data show that the dissolved oxygen in the water of the blue algae water area in summer can reach a super-saturated state). The algae in the shallow water layer and dead micro-animals sink to the upper part of the wetland bed layer and are intercepted by the surface layer fine filler, and the algae and the dead micro-animals are in an anaerobic state and are converted into soluble organic matters when reaching a certain thickness, so that a carbon source can be provided for denitrifying bacteria in the wetland bed layer, the problem that C/N in micro-polluted natural water bodies, tail water of sewage plants and other similar water bodies is too low is solved, denitrification conditions are created for the denitrifying bacteria, and the removal effect of the artificial wetland TN is improved.
Emergent aquatic plants are planted at the top of the filler layer, the developed root system of the emergent aquatic plants can convey oxygen to the deep part of the wetland bed layer for the utilization of the biomembrane on the filler, and meanwhile, a large amount of N, P and other inorganic substances are absorbed in the growth process of the plants; in addition, the stems and leaves of the plants have the functions of shading sunlight and reducing water temperature in high-temperature summer seasons, can inhibit the massive propagation of algae in a shallow water layer in summer, and improve the wetland environment.
In the spring end to early autumn, emergent aquatic plants can not only absorb a large amount of N, P and other elements in water bodies through rapid growth, but also provide attachment places for microorganisms and deliver oxygen through developed root systems, and meanwhile, as tall stems and leaves can shield sunlight and reduce the surface water temperature, massive propagation and death of algae in high-temperature seasons can be avoided, and the treatment effect and the wetland environment are influenced; after the emergent aquatic plants in autumn are harvested, the shallow water layer ecological system gradually plays a leading role, the growth of algae provides good attachment environment and dissolved oxygen condition for the growth of microorganisms, and the water quality is purified by utilizing a water ecological mode; in addition, the shallow water layer water slowly penetrates through the wetland bed layer and flows out from the perforated water collecting pipes with uniform bottoms, pollutants are intercepted, adsorbed and degraded by wetland fillers and microorganisms when passing through the wetland bed layer, the shallow surface flow and vertical flow wetland has the advantages of both shallow surface flow and vertical flow wetland, and the purification effect of the artificial wetland in winter is improved.
The packing layer is divided into three layers from top to bottom, namely a fine particle size filtering layer 15, a medium particle size adsorption reaction layer 16 and a coarse particle size water collecting layer 17 in sequence, and the total thickness of the packing layer is 0.8-1.2 m; the filler can be selected from crushed stone, gravel, stone chips, coarse sand, coal slag and other industrial waste residues and artificially synthesized filler, and the like, and when sewage vertically and slowly passes through the wetland bed, pollutants are effectively removed under the multiple actions of filler adsorption, microbial degradation and plant root system absorption.
The invention combines the advantages of superficial flow wetland and subsurface flow wetland through technical innovation, combines the slow filtration and biological purification technology, not only has the dual functions of drop water oxygenation and algae photosynthesis oxygen release, creates an oxygen-enriched environment for wetland inlet water, and improves the pollutant area load of the wetland; meanwhile, organic matters can be produced by photosynthesis of algae in the shallow water layer, a carbon source is provided for denitrifying bacteria of the wetland bed, and the problem of low TN removal rate caused by unbalanced carbon-nitrogen ratio in micro-polluted water is solved; in addition, the shallow water layer has the performance of low-resistance water distribution and uniform water distribution, the formation of a dead water area is avoided, the utilization rate of the wetland area is improved, the unique water level adjusting function can meet the requirements of different seasons on the wetland water level, and the effluent quality is more stable.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional compound constructed wetland sewage treatment system which characterized in that, includes constructed wetland cell body and the catchment canal of adjacent setting, constructed wetland cell body sets up the water distribution weir along brickwork inner wall all around, and the inside packing layer that sets up of constructed wetland cell body forms the shallow layer through water level adjusting device on the packing layer, introduce wetland plant in the shallow layer, the emergent aquatic plant is planted at the packing layer top, water distribution weir top surface is higher than the shallow layer top surface, the apron is established at the catchment canal top, and the bottom sets up the drain pipe, and artifical wetland cell packing layer bottom level sets up the collector pipe, the breather pipe of vertical setting is connected to collector pipe one end, and the other end passes the brickwork and links to each other with the vertical outlet pipe of locating in the catchment canal, and even interval is equipped with the catchment hole on the.
2. The system for treating sewage of multifunctional composite artificial wetland according to claim 1, wherein the water collecting pipes are arranged along the bottom of the artificial wetland in blocks, and each block has an area of less than 800m2And a plurality of water collecting pipes are uniformly arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, the ports at the two ends of the plurality of water collecting pipes are respectively communicated through connecting pipes, and the centers of the connecting pipes at the two ends are respectively communicated with the bottom parts of the ventilating pipes and the water outlet pipes.
3. The sewage treatment system of the multifunctional composite artificial wetland according to claim 2, wherein the water level adjusting device is a rotary elbow, two ends of the rotary elbow are respectively communicated with the connecting pipe and the water outlet pipe, and the top end of the water outlet pipe is a bell mouth.
4. The sewage treatment system of the multifunctional composite artificial wetland according to claim 1, wherein the packing layer is divided into three layers from top to bottom, namely a fine particle size filter layer, a medium particle size adsorption reaction layer and a coarse particle size water collection layer in sequence, and the thickness of each layer is 0.3-0.5 m.
5. The multifunctional composite type artificial wetland sewage treatment system according to claim 4, wherein the filler is one or more of crushed stone, gravel, stone chips, coarse sand, coal slag, industrial waste residues or artificial synthetic fillers.
6. The system for treating sewage of a multifunctional composite artificial wetland according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the particle sizes of each layer of the packing layer from top to bottom are respectively 8-15 mm, 15-25 mm and 30-60 mm.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the water distribution weir is of a reinforced concrete structure or a stainless steel structure.
8. The system of claim 1 or 7, wherein the height difference between the top surface of the water distribution weir and the top surface of the shallow water layer is 20-30 cm.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the wetland plants are spirulina and/or shallow floating plants.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the air pipe, the water collecting pipe, the connecting pipe and the water outlet pipe are UPVC pipes.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112919637A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-08 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Vertical-flow constructed wetland sewage treatment device and system |
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2019
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