CN111006698B - 电磁感应型编码器 - Google Patents

电磁感应型编码器 Download PDF

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CN111006698B
CN111006698B CN201910920929.9A CN201910920929A CN111006698B CN 111006698 B CN111006698 B CN 111006698B CN 201910920929 A CN201910920929 A CN 201910920929A CN 111006698 B CN111006698 B CN 111006698B
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久保园纮士
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Mitutoyo Corp
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G01D5/204Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the mutual induction between two or more coils
    • G01D5/2053Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the mutual induction between two or more coils by a movable non-ferromagnetic conductive element
    • G01D5/206Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the mutual induction between two or more coils by a movable non-ferromagnetic conductive element constituting a short-circuiting element
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/245Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains using a variable number of pulses in a train
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G01D5/204Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the mutual induction between two or more coils
    • G01D5/2073Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the mutual induction between two or more coils by movement of a single coil with respect to two or more coils

Abstract

一种电磁感应型编码器,其中检测头具有被配置为生成磁通量的发送器线圈,其中标尺具有在测量轴方向上排列的多个连接线圈,多个连接线圈被配置为与由发送器线圈生成的磁通量电磁耦合并且生成在测量轴方向上在预定空间周期内波动的磁通量,其中检测头具有接收器线圈,接收器线圈具有在该检测头的预定面上沿测量轴方向排列的多个线圈,并且多个线圈被配置为与由多个连接线圈生成的磁通量电磁耦合并且检测磁通量的相位,其中多个线圈中的一个线圈的电流方向与彼此相邻的多个线圈中另一线圈的电流方向相反。

Description

电磁感应型编码器
技术领域
本文描述的实施例的特定方面涉及电磁感应型编码器。
背景技术
已知电磁感应型编码器使用检测头和标尺之间的电磁连接(例如,参见日本专利申请公开第2000-180209号、日本专利申请公开第2001-255108号和日本专利申请公开第2008-032546号)。当电流在检测头的发送器线圈中流动时,生成磁通量。因此,标尺的连接线圈生成电动(electromotive)电流。接下来,由于连接线圈的电动电流生成的磁通量,检测头的接收器线圈生成电动电流。线圈之间的每个电磁连接根据检测头和标尺之间的相对位移量而波动。由此,获得具有与连接线圈的间距相同的间距的正弦波信号。当正弦波信号被电插值时,可以使用正弦波信号作为最小分辨率的数字量。此外,可以测量检测头的相对位移量。
发明内容
在电磁感应型编码器中,为了抑制外部干扰的影响,接收器线圈具有躺下的“8”字的形状的双绞线结构。在双绞线结构中,布线相互交叉。因此,双绞线结构在印刷基板中具有两个或更多布线层(wire layer)。然而,当两个布线层之间出现位置间隙时,可能会形成无意的线圈形状。特别地,当每个制造过程中的每个位置间隙彼此不同时,很难对所有产品应用共同的校正值。因此,在多层接收器线圈中不一定能实现足够的测量精度。
在本发明的一个方面,目的是提供一种能够实现高测量精度的电磁感应型编码器。
根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种电磁感应型编码器,包括:具有矩形形状的检测头;以及具有矩形形状的标尺,其中检测头面对标尺并且被配置为相对于标尺在测量轴方向上相对地移动,其中检测头具有被配置为生成磁通量的发送器线圈,其中标尺具有在测量轴方向上排列的多个连接线圈,多个连接线圈被配置为与由发送器线圈生成的磁通量电磁耦合并且生成在测量轴方向上在预定空间周期内波动的磁通量,其中检测头具有接收器线圈,接收器线圈具有在检测头的预定面上沿测量轴方向排列的多个线圈,并且多个线圈被配置为与多个连接线圈生成的磁通量电磁耦合并且检测磁通量的相位,其中多个线圈被形成为使得多个线圈中的一个线圈的电流方向与彼此相邻的多个线圈中另一线圈的电流方向相反。
附图说明
图1示出了使用检测头和标尺之间的电磁连接的电磁感应型编码器的结构;
图2A和图2B示出了多层接收器线圈;
图3A示出了在印刷基板的上层上形成的第一布线图案;
图3B示出了在印刷基板的下层上形成的第二布线图案;
图4A示出了检测头的细节;
图4B示出了线圈的细节;
图5示出了两个接收器线圈;以及
图6示出了两个接收器线圈。
具体实施方式
以下是参考附图对实施例的描述。
图1示出了使用检测头和标尺之间的电磁连接的电磁感应型编码器100的结构。如图1所示,电磁感应型编码器100具有检测头10和标尺20。检测头10相对于标尺20在测量轴方向上相对移动。检测头10和标尺20具有平板形状,并且通过预定间隙彼此面对。电磁感应型编码器100具有传输信号生成器30和位移量测量器40等。在图1中,X轴表示检测头10的位移方向(测量轴)。在由标尺20形成的平面中,Y轴垂直于X轴。
检测头10具有发送器线圈50、接收器线圈60等。发送器线圈50是矩形线圈,其纵向是X轴。如图1所示,接收器线圈60在发送器线圈50的内部。稍后描述接收器线圈60的形状。
在标尺20中,具有矩形形状的多个连接线圈21沿着X轴在基本周期λ内排列。每个连接线圈21是闭环线圈。连接线圈21与发送器线圈11电磁耦合,并且还与接收器线圈60电磁耦合。
传输信号生成器30生成单相AC的传输信号,并将生成的传输信号提供给发送器线圈50。在这种情况下,在发送器线圈50中生成磁通量。因此,在多个连接线圈21中生成电动电流。多个连接线圈21与发送器线圈50生成的磁通量电磁耦合,并生成在预定的空间周期内在X轴方向上波动的磁通量。由连接线圈21生成的磁通量在接收器线圈60中生成电动电流。每个线圈之间的电磁耦合根据检测头10的位移量而波动。由此,获得具有与基本周期λ相同的周期的正弦波信号。因此,接收器线圈60检测由多个连接线圈21生成的磁通量的相位。位移量测量器40可以通过对正弦波信号进行电插值来使用正弦波信号作为最小分辨率的数字量。由此,位移量测量器40测量检测头10的位移量。
将给出对比较实施例的多层接收器线圈201的描述。图2A示出了多层接收器线圈201。接收器线圈201在具有矩形线圈形状的发送器线圈202的内部。如图2B所示,接收器线圈201具有躺下的“8”字的形状。即,接收器线圈201具有双绞线结构,其中两个线圈彼此相邻并且连接。在双绞线结构中,一个线圈的电流方向是顺时针旋转方向,另一线圈的电流方向是逆时针方向。这样,一个线圈的电流方向与另一线圈的电流方向相反。当接收器线圈201具有双绞线结构时,可以抑制外部干扰。
在双绞线结构中,两个线圈在连接位置处相互交叉。因此,双绞线结构具有多层结构。图3A示出了在印刷基板的上层上形成的第一布线图案203。图3B示出了在印刷基板的下层上形成的第二布线图案204。接收器线圈201具有其中上层和下层彼此结合(bond)的结构,并且第一布线图案203的每个端子经由贯通布线(through-wiring)连接到第二布线图案204的每个端子。
然而,当上层和下层之间的位置精度较低时,可能会出现位置间隙。在这种情况下,可能会形成无意的线圈形状。因此,认为根据无意的线圈形状来应用校正值。然而,当每次制造接收器线圈时的每个位置间隙彼此不同时,很难对所有产品应用共同的校正值。因此,当使用多层接收器线圈201时,可能不一定实现足够的测量精度。
因此,根据实施例的接收器线圈60具有用于提高测量精度的结构。
图4A示出了检测头10的细节。如图4A所示,检测头10具有其中发送器线圈50和接收器线圈60形成在基板70的一个面上的结构。例如,基板70是印刷基板。发送器线圈50和接收器线圈60是印刷布线。基板70具有沿X轴方向的长度方向。在基板70中,平行于X轴方向的两个侧面被称为第一侧面71和第二侧面72。在基板70中,除了第一侧面71和第二侧面72之外的另外两个侧面被称为第三侧面73和第四侧面74。
如上所述,发送器线圈50具有矩形线圈,该矩形线圈具有沿X轴方向的长度方向。接收器线圈60设置在发送器线圈50的内部。如图4A和图4B所示,接收器线圈60具有其中多个第一线圈61中的每一个和多个第二线圈62中的每一个在X轴方向上交替排列的结构。并且,第一线圈61和第二线圈62被形成为使得第一线圈61的电流循环方向与第二线圈62的电流循环方向相反。
如图4B所示,第一线圈61中的每一个具有其中布线是循环的开环线圈61a和具有从开环线圈61a引出到外部的两条布线的端子61b。类似地,第二线圈62中的每一个具有其中布线是循环的开环线圈62a和具有从开环线圈62a引出到外部的两条布线的端子62b。
例如,第一线圈61在第一侧面71的一侧具有端子61b。端子61b中的每一个经由在X轴方向上延伸的布线63彼此连接。因此,在布线63中流动的电流流入端子61b的布线之一,在开环线圈61a中循环,经由端子61b的另一布线流入布线63,流入下一个第一线圈61的端子61b的布线之一,在开环线圈61a中循环,并且经由端子61b的另一布线流入布线63。
例如,第二线圈62在第二侧面72的一侧具有端子62b。端子62b中的每一个经由在X轴方向上延伸的布线64彼此连接。因此,在布线64中流动的电流流入端子62b的布线之一,在开环线圈62a中循环,经由端子62b的另一布线流入布线64,流入下一个第二线圈62的端子62b的布线之一,在开环线圈62a中循环,并且经由端子62b的另一布线流入布线64。
当布线63中的电流方向与布线64中的电流方向在X轴方向上相反时,第一线圈61中的循环电流方向与第二线圈62中的循环电流方向相反。例如,布线63从最靠近第三侧面73的第一线圈61向第四侧面74延伸,并且连接到布线64。布线64从最靠近第四侧面74的第二线圈62延伸到第三侧面73。
如上所述,接收器线圈60具有这样的结构,其中,循环电流方向彼此相反的两个彼此相邻的线圈在X轴方向上排列而不交叉。因此,接收器线圈60形成在印刷基板70的一个面上。因此,接收器线圈60不具有多层结构。因此,省略了用于结合两个印刷基板的过程。在这种情况下,不需要用于结合的测量精度。这导致电磁感应型编码器100的测量精度的提高。
为了利用接收器线圈60来执行位置检测,使用相位在X轴方向上彼此不同的多个接收器线圈60。图5示出了使用接收器线圈60中的两个的情况。如图5所示,两个接收器线圈60在基板70的表面上沿Y轴方向彼此相邻。一个接收器线圈60的相位在X轴方向上不同于另一接收器线圈60的相位。也就是说,一个接收器线圈60的线圈的每个位置在X轴方向上不同于另一接收器线圈60的线圈的每个位置。
两个发送器线圈50中的每一个都围绕两个接收器线圈60中的每一个。当一对发送器线圈50和接收器线圈60设置在单层中时,没有必要将发送器线圈50和接收器线圈60分离成两个印刷基板。在这种情况下,发送器线圈50和接收器线圈60之间的位置间隙被抑制。因此,提高了电磁感应型编码器100的测量精度。
当两个接收器线圈60在基板70的厚度方向上堆叠时,两相接收器线圈可以如图6所示构造。在图6的结构中,一个接收器线圈60和标尺20之间的距离不同于另一接收器线圈60和标尺20之间的距离。在这种情况下,由一个接收器线圈60检测的信号强度不同于由另一接收器线圈60检测的信号强度。可以根据距离的差异来校正信号强度差异。
在上述实施例中,检测头10和标尺20充当具有矩形形状的检测头,检测头面对标尺并且被配置为相对于标尺在测量轴方向上相对地移动。连接线圈21充当在测量轴方向上排列的多个连接线圈,多个连接线圈被配置为与由发送器线圈生成的磁通量电磁耦合并且生成在测量轴方向上在预定空间周期内波动的磁通量。接收器线圈60充当具有在检测头的预定面上沿测量轴方向排列的多个线圈的接收器线圈,并且多个线圈被配置为与由多个连接线圈生成的磁通量电磁耦合并且检测磁通量的相位。
本发明不限于具体公开的实施例和变型,而是可以包括其他实施例和变型,而不脱离本发明的范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种电磁感应型编码器,包括:
检测头,所述检测头具有矩形形状;和
标尺,所述标尺具有矩形形状,
其中所述检测头面对所述标尺并且被配置为相对于所述标尺在测量轴方向上相对地移动,
其中所述检测头具有被配置为生成磁通量的发送器线圈,
其中所述标尺具有在测量轴方向上排列的多个连接线圈,所述多个连接线圈被配置为与由所述发送器线圈生成的磁通量电磁耦合并且生成在测量轴方向上在预定空间周期内波动的磁通量,
其中所述检测头具有接收器线圈,所述接收器线圈具有在所述检测头的预定面上沿测量轴方向排列的多个线圈,并且所述多个线圈被配置为与由所述多个连接线圈生成的磁通量电磁耦合并且检测磁通量的相位,
其中所述多个线圈被形成为使得所述多个线圈中的一个线圈的电流方向与彼此相邻的所述多个线圈中另一线圈的电流方向相反,
其中所述接收器线圈设置在所述检测头的基板上,
其中所述接收器线圈的多个线圈是开环线圈,
其中所述接收器线圈的多个线圈具有其中每个第一线圈和每个第二线圈交替排列的结构,
其中所述第一线圈在所述基板的一个侧面的平行于测量轴方向的一侧具有端子,
其中所述第二线圈在所述基板的另一侧面的一侧具有端子,
其中所述第一线圈依次通过一个侧面的所述一侧上的端子连接,
其中所述第二线圈通过另一侧面的所述一侧上的端子连接,
其中所述第一线圈不交叉地连接,以及
其中所述第二线圈不交叉地连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电磁感应型编码器,其中所述接收器线圈和所述发送器线圈各自的数量是两个或更多,
其中多个接收器线圈的每个相位彼此不同,
其中每个发送器线圈围绕所述多个接收器线圈中的每一个。
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