CN110987607A - Nested multi-coupling model test system and test method for dam body of coal mine underground reservoir - Google Patents
Nested multi-coupling model test system and test method for dam body of coal mine underground reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a nested multi-coupling model test system and a nested multi-coupling model test method for a dam body of a coal mine underground reservoir, wherein the model test system comprises a model test frame and a reservoir pressure simulation device, the model test frame is a nested structure comprising an outer frame and an inner frame, and a bottom vibration oil cylinder is arranged on a bottom beam of the outer frame; the top static load oil cylinder and the top vibration oil cylinder are arranged on the top beam of the inner frame; a side pressure oil cylinder is arranged on the inner side of the inner frame upright post; the inner frame can vibrate up and down integrally inside the outer frame relative to the outer frame under the action of the bottom vibration oil cylinder; the reservoir pressure simulation device is used for simulating the water pressure condition of the underground reservoir. The dynamic and static pressure multi-load simulation method can realize dynamic and static pressure multi-load simulation of the dam body of the coal mine underground reservoir; introducing a reservoir pressure simulation device to realize multi-coupling simulation of multiple loads of the dam body of the coal mine underground reservoir; the device is easy to operate, small in occupied space, low in labor intensity and good in economical efficiency, and is suitable for popularization and application in physical model experiments of the dam body of the coal mine underground reservoir.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a physical model test device and a physical model test method, in particular to a nested multi-coupling model test system and a nested multi-coupling model test method for a dam body of a coal mine underground reservoir.
Background
The coal mine distributed underground reservoir can fully utilize the space of the goaf to store water, and a considerable amount of coal mine underground distributed reservoirs are put into use in Shendong areas of China by filtering and purifying the water body by the waste rock of the goaf. Compared with the dam body of the ground reservoir, the dam body of the underground reservoir is complex in stress, not only is under the action of water pressure, but also causes relatively complex pressure conditions to the dam body of the underground reservoir due to different surrounding rock pressure changes caused by different working conditions of underground mining.
In order to research related stress research of an underground reservoir, people carry out a plurality of similar material test model tests, the invention provided by the invention of dynamic pressure roadway support physical model test device and method in China invention CN105675840A is realized by utilizing inner and outer frame related devices and vibration simulation, and the invention discloses a dynamic pressure roadway support physical model test device. However, the experimental device is not provided with a waterproof device, and cannot provide relevant experiments under the action of water pressure. In addition, the Chinese invention with the publication number CN105675840A does not relate to the simulation of the lateral pressure effect, which obviously does not conform to the stress distribution and the action rule of the stratum.
Obviously, the prior art has a plurality of defects, and cannot meet the requirements of model tests, so that further design and improvement are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a nesting type multi-coupling model test system and a nesting type multi-coupling model test method for a dam body of a coal mine underground reservoir. The device is easy to operate, small in occupied space, low in labor intensity and good in economical efficiency, and is suitable for popularization and application in physical model experiments of dam bodies of coal mine underground reservoirs.
The invention provides a nested multi-coupling model test system for a dam body of a coal mine underground reservoir, which comprises a model test frame and a reservoir pressure simulation device, wherein the model test frame is of a nested structure comprising an outer frame and an inner frame, and the nested multi-coupling model test system comprises:
the outer frame is of a frame structure consisting of outer frame bottom beams, outer frame top beams and outer frame upright columns; a bottom vibration oil cylinder is arranged on the bottom beam of the outer frame;
the inner frame is of a frame structure consisting of an inner frame bottom beam, an inner frame top beam and an inner frame upright post; the top static load oil cylinder and the top vibration oil cylinder are arranged on the top beam of the inner frame; a lateral pressure oil cylinder is arranged on the inner side of the inner frame upright column and used for simulating the lateral pressure of the stratum; the inner frame can vibrate up and down integrally in the outer frame relative to the outer frame under the action of the bottom vibration oil cylinder;
a front baffle and a rear baffle are arranged in the inner frame, two ends of the front baffle and the rear baffle are fixed on the inner frame upright post, and a filling space for test materials is formed between the front baffle and the rear baffle;
the reservoir pressure simulation device is connected to the water inlet through a water inlet guide pipe and is used for applying a water pressure action to the underground reservoir and simulating the water pressure condition of the underground reservoir;
the reservoir pressure simulation device comprises a servo motor, a connecting rod and a cylinder body, a piston is arranged in the cylinder body, the servo motor is connected with the piston in the cylinder body through the connecting rod, water inlet and outlet holes are formed in the cylinder body, and the water inlet and outlet holes are connected with the water inlet guide pipe.
As an improvement, the reservoir pressure simulation device further comprises a controller and a pressure sensor, the controller is connected with the servo motor and the pressure sensor, and the other end of the pressure sensor is connected with the water inlet conduit.
As an improvement, the rear baffle is also provided with an exhaust hole.
As an improvement, the model test frame further comprises a boundary waterproof structure, and particularly, water glue pouring treatment is carried out on the peripheries of the front side and the rear side of the underground reservoir.
As an improvement, the boundary waterproof structure further comprises a plurality of circles of water stop strips which are arranged on the peripheries of the front side and the rear side of the underground reservoir and spread outwards for a certain distance from the periphery of the underground reservoir.
As an improvement, the bottom of inner frame is provided with infiltration recovery unit, including water catch bowl, honeycomb duct, water container and drain pump, the water catch bowl install in the bottom of inner frame, honeycomb duct connection water catch bowl and water container, place the drain pump in the water container.
As an improvement, the outside of interior frame stand is provided with the wheel train, the inboard of outer frame stand is equipped with the guide rail, perhaps the outside of interior frame stand is provided with the guide rail, the inboard of outer frame stand is equipped with the wheel train, realizes through wheel train and guide rail that the interior frame is relative the up-and-down motion of outer frame.
As an improvement, the inner frame upright post is provided with a plurality of rows of bolts in the height direction, the peripheries of the front baffle and the rear baffle are respectively provided with a front cross beam and a rear cross beam, and two ends of the front cross beam and the rear cross beam are fixed on the bolts, so that the front baffle and the rear baffle are fixed on the inner frame upright post.
The invention also provides a method for carrying out the multi-coupling test of the dam body of the coal mine underground reservoir according to the model test system, the test process consists of three parts, the first part is a loading process for simulating the coal mine pressure change of the dam body, the second part is a process for simulating the stable structure of the dam body when corresponding water pressure is applied, and the third part is a vibration action process generated by roof fracture and collapse factors at the upper part of the dam body, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: installing a front baffle and a rear baffle, filling test materials, pre-burying a dam body model at the position of an expected dam body, and continuously filling the test materials;
s2: after the test material reaches the expected strength, the front baffle is dismounted, the test material is excavated, a roadway and an underground reservoir are formed on two sides of the dam body model, and the roadway is supported;
s3: carrying out corresponding water isolation treatment on the underground reservoir, and installing the front baffle again to finish experiment preparation work;
s4: a conduit is connected with a water inlet of the rear baffle plate, and a reservoir pressure simulation device is installed;
s5: carrying out a first part of test according to the test design, and applying mine pressure action on a test material through a top static load oil cylinder and a side pressure oil cylinder;
s6: in the process of carrying out the first part of test, carrying out the second part of test according to the test design, and applying water pressure through a reservoir pressure simulation device;
s7: carrying out a third part of test according to the test design, and applying a vibration load through the bottom vibration oil cylinder and the top vibration oil cylinder;
s8: and loading until the structure is damaged, and finishing the test.
As a modification, step S5 is preceded by: and preloading the test material by using a top static load oil cylinder and a side pressure oil cylinder, loading to an initial stress value, and stabilizing for a period of time.
Has the advantages that: after the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) the dynamic and static pressure multi-load simulation of the dam body of the coal mine underground reservoir can be realized by considering the horizontal side pressure on the basis of combining the inner frame and the outer frame with the nested structure of the roller group and the guide rail;
(2) the reservoir pressure simulation device is introduced, so that the hydraulic pressure action of the underground reservoir can be simulated at least, and the multi-coupling simulation of the multi-load of the dam body of the underground reservoir of the coal mine is realized by combining the dynamic and static pressures of the multi-load, so that the test process is more real, and the test requirements can be met;
(3) the servo water injection system is matched with the pressure sensor, so that the accurate control and regulation of water pressure are realized, the action of the water pressure of the underground reservoir can be accurately simulated, and the accuracy of the test is ensured;
(4) the boundary waterproof structure designed in a pertinence way realizes effective waterproofing of the boundary of the water storage area, and ensures smooth proceeding of the test.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of one embodiment of a model test rig of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of one embodiment of a model test rig of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the outer frame of the model test rig in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of the inner frame of the model test rig of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of one embodiment of a model test rig of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of one embodiment of a reservoir pressure simulation apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of one embodiment of a reservoir pressure simulation apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of one embodiment of a model testing system of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a system diagram of one embodiment of a reservoir pressure simulator of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a waterproof structure for a boundary of a model test stand according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a waterproof structure for a model stand boundary according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the waterproof effect of the waterproof structure of the model stand boundary according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic construction diagram of the embedded artificial dam body of the invention.
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device, component, or structure referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed or operated in a particular orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
It will be further understood that the terms "comprises/comprising," "consists of … …," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product, apparatus, process, or method that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such product, apparatus, process, or method if desired. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising/including … …," "consisting of … …," or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a product, device, process, or method that comprises the element.
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, is further improved on the basis of the prior model test system, and provides a coal mine underground reservoir dam nested multi-coupling model test system and a model test method.
The specific structure and implementation of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring first to fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 and 2 are schematic views of an embodiment of a model stand according to the present invention, and fig. 3 and 4 are schematic views of an embodiment of an outer frame and an inner frame of a model stand according to the present invention.
The outer frame 100 is a frame structure composed of outer frame bottom beams 102, outer frame top beams 101 and outer frame upright posts 103; the bottom vibration oil cylinder 104 is arranged on the bottom beam of the outer frame. The outer frame 100 also has outer frame legs 106 to enhance the stability of the frame.
The inner frame 200 is a frame structure formed by an inner frame bottom beam 202, an inner frame top beam 201 and an inner frame upright column 203; the top static load oil cylinder 204 and the top vibration oil cylinder 205 are arranged on the top beam of the inner frame; a lateral pressure oil cylinder 215 is arranged on the inner side of the inner frame upright column and used for simulating the lateral pressure of the stratum; the inner frame can vibrate up and down integrally in the outer frame relative to the outer frame under the action of the bottom vibration oil cylinder 104.
In one embodiment, the vibration of the inner frame 200 integrally up and down inside the outer frame with respect to the outer frame 100 is assisted by: referring to fig. 3 and 4, the outer side of the inner frame column 203 is provided with a roller set 206, the inner side of the outer frame column 103 is provided with a guide rail 105, and when the bottom vibration cylinder 104 acts, the inner frame moves up and down relative to the outer frame through the roller set and the guide rail. Of course, the installation mode and relative position of the roller group and the guide rail are not fixed singly, the roller group can also be arranged on the inner side of the outer frame upright post, and the corresponding guide rail is arranged on the outer side of the inner frame upright post.
Referring to fig. 5, a front baffle 207 and a rear baffle 208 are arranged in the inner frame 200, and both ends of the front baffle and the rear baffle are fixed on the inner frame upright posts 203, so that a filling space for test materials can be formed between the front baffle and the rear baffle, and the test materials 214 are filled into the filling space for testing to form a dam body, an underground reservoir and a roadway of the coal mine underground reservoir;
in one embodiment, the front baffle and the rear baffle are fixedly installed by the following method: referring to fig. 4 and 5, the inner frame columns 203 are provided with a plurality of rows of bolts 209 in the height direction, the front cross beams 210 and the rear cross beams 211 are respectively installed on the peripheries of the front baffle 207 and the rear baffle 208, the two ends of the front cross beams and the rear cross beams are fixed on the bolts on the columns at the two ends, and the front baffle and the rear baffle are fixed on the inner frame columns through the front cross beams and the rear cross beams, so that a filling space for test materials is formed between the front baffle and the rear baffle.
In the invention, preferably, the front baffle 207 and the rear baffle 208 are made of organic glass plates, the organic glass plates have strong rigidity and are not easy to deform, stable molding of filling test materials can be ensured, and the organic glass plates have good transparency and can be used for conveniently observing the internal conditions during testing.
Preferably, the front cross member 210 and the rear cross member 211 are made of square steel pipes or i-shaped steel, and have bolt through holes at both ends thereof, and are fixed to the bolts 209 by nuts.
With continuing reference to fig. 2, 5 and 8, the underground reservoir area on the back baffle 208 of the present invention is provided with a water inlet 212, and the reservoir pressure simulation apparatus 300 is connected to the water inlet through a water inlet conduit 310, and is configured to apply a hydraulic pressure action to the underground reservoir to simulate a hydraulic pressure condition of the underground reservoir. The water outlet of the water pressure simulation device is connected with the water inlet hole of the model rear baffle through the water inlet guide pipe, and the water outlet is directly connected with the dam body water storage area, namely the underground reservoir area, so that the water pressure action can be applied easily.
The model test frame of the coal mine underground reservoir dam nested multi-coupling model test system comprises an inner frame and an outer frame, wherein the inner frame is nested in the outer frame to form a nested structure. The inner frame is provided with 2 top static load oil cylinders (the maximum output of each oil cylinder is 500kN), top vibration oil cylinders (the maximum output is 200kN, the frequency is 1-10 Hz, the amplitude is +/-0.2 mm) and two side pressure oil cylinders (the maximum output is 400 kN); the outer frame is provided with a bottom vibration oil cylinder (the maximum output is 400kN, the frequency is 1-10 Hz, and the amplitude is +/-2 mm); the filling space of the test material of the inner frame is 1400mm multiplied by 1300mm multiplied by 200mm, the device is easy to operate and occupies little space. The inner frame and the outer frame are respectively provided with the roller groups and the guide rails, the nesting structure can enable the whole inner frame to vibrate up and down in the outer frame along with the action of the bottom vibration oil cylinder, so that the combined application of 3 static loads (top vertical pressure static load, two side horizontal side pressure static load and water pressure static load) and 2 dynamic loads (top dynamic load and bottom dynamic load) can be realized, the multi-load dynamic and static pressure simulation of the coal mine underground reservoir dam body can be realized, compared with the prior art, the multi-coupling model test of the coal mine underground reservoir dam body is realized by considering the action of the horizontal side pressure static load and more importantly considering the action of the coal mine underground reservoir water pressure, the water pressure can be applied, the simultaneous application of the static load, the dynamic load and the water pressure is realized, the multi-coupling model test of the coal mine underground reservoir dam body is completely and comprehensively realized, the test, the simulation test requirement of the dam body of the coal mine underground reservoir is met.
In a specific example, referring to fig. 6 and 7, the reservoir pressure simulation apparatus 300 includes a servo motor 301, a connecting rod 303 and a cylinder 306, a piston 305 is disposed in the cylinder, the servo motor is connected to the piston in the cylinder through the connecting rod, and the cylinder is provided with a water inlet and outlet hole 309, which is connected to the aforementioned water inlet conduit 310 so as to communicate with the water inlet hole 212. Through being equipped with servo water injection system, can realize the accurate water injection of water pressure to keep the water pressure of settlement.
Preferably, the connecting rod 303 is a screw rod, one end of which is connected to the servo motor 301 through a coupling 302, the other end of which passes through a nut 304 and is connected to the piston 305 through a bearing 311, the nut 304 is fixed on the cylinder 306, and the servo motor 301 is disposed on a linear guide 307 through a slide 308. The servo motor drives the screw rod to rotate, and the nut matched with the screw rod is fixed. When the servo motor is loaded, the screw rod rotates, the linear guide rail blocks the motor to rotate, so that the screw rod, the servo motor and the slide block simultaneously move leftwards, the piston is pushed to move leftwards under the action of the bearing, and water in the cylinder body is pressurized; otherwise, the motor is unloaded and decompressed when rotating reversely.
With continued reference to fig. 9, the reservoir pressure simulator 300 further comprises a controller, a pressure sensor and a flow meter, wherein the controller is connected to the servo motor and the pressure sensor, and the other end of the pressure sensor is connected to the aforementioned water inlet conduit 310, specifically to the water inlet and outlet 309 of the water inlet conduit 310 on the cylinder 306. The pressure sensor is matched with the servo water injection system to increase the water pressure to a set value, the water injection pressure is sensed in real time, and accurate water injection of the water pressure is achieved. In addition, the invention is also provided with a high-precision flowmeter which can monitor and control the flow. The controller is matched with the pressure sensor for use and is used for controlling and adjusting the pressure of the model water inlet hole. A pressure signal acquired by the pressure sensor is transmitted to the controller, the controller compares the acquired pressure value with a set value and then outputs a control signal to the servo motor, and the servo motor drives the screw rod to rotate, so that the piston is pushed to move leftwards, and water in the cylinder body is pressurized; otherwise, the motor is unloaded and decompressed when rotating reversely.
In one embodiment, the back of the model is pre-perforated with air vents, and is particularly perforated on a back baffle plate and connected with a top plate of a water storage area, so that air can be exhausted and water can be fed.
With continuing reference to fig. 10 and 11, fig. 10 and 11 are schematic structural views of an embodiment of the boundary waterproof structure of the model test stand according to the present invention, specifically, water sealing treatment is performed around the front and rear sides of the underground reservoir, and further, a plurality of water sealing strips are constructed on the peripheries of the front and rear sides of the underground reservoir by spreading outward from the peripheries of the underground reservoir for a certain distance, so as to perform water sealing treatment, and effectively prevent the water in the water storage area from flowing out to the front and rear sides of the model, thereby realizing boundary waterproof, and the water in the water storage area can only seep and penetrate to the roadway through the dam body and the surrounding rock strata.
In order to ensure the waterproof property of the boundary of the test model, a testability waterproof test was performed, and as shown in fig. 12, the test results verified the good effect of the boundary waterproof method, and the smooth progress of the test was ensured.
In the test process, water in the model can flow downwards to the outer frame and the pit along the bottom of the inner frame after the model is damaged, in order to prevent the water from directly flowing to a servo valve and a sensor, the bottom of the inner frame is provided with a water seepage recovery device, the water seepage recovery device comprises a water collecting tank 401, a flow guide pipe 402, a water storage container 403 and a water drainage pump 404, 1 water collecting tank is welded at the front and the back of the lower part of the inner frame respectively, the flow guide pipe is connected with the water collecting tank and the water storage container, the water drainage pump is arranged in the water storage container, the water drainage pipe 405 is connected with the water drainage pipe, so that the water flows into the water collecting tank and is collected into the.
The model test system is elaborated, and can at least simulate the hydraulic action of the underground reservoir without simulating mining pressure by the propulsion of a working surface; by adopting a nested structure and considering the horizontal side pressure, the multi-coupling simulation of the multi-load of the dam body of the coal mine underground reservoir can be realized, so that the multi-coupling model test of the dam body of the coal mine underground reservoir is completely and comprehensively realized, the test is ensured to be closer to the actual condition, and the monitoring data is more reasonable and real. Through pressure sensor cooperation servo water injection system, realize the accurate control regulation of water pressure. The boundary waterproof structure designed in a pertinence way realizes effective waterproofing of the boundary of the water storage area, and ensures smooth proceeding of the test.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for carrying out a model test of the dam body of the coal mine underground reservoir, which consists of three parts, wherein the first part is a loading process for simulating the coal mine pressure change borne by the dam body, the second part is a process for simulating the stable structure of the dam body when corresponding water pressure is applied, and the third part is a vibration action process generated by the top plate fracture and collapse factors at the upper part of the dam body, and the method is shown in the figure 1, the figure 2 and the figure 13 and comprises the following steps:
s1: installing a front baffle and a rear baffle, filling the test material 214, pre-burying a dam body model 219 at the position of the expected dam body, and continuously filling the test material;
s2: after the test material reaches the expected strength, the front baffle is dismounted, the test material is excavated, a tunnel 218 and an underground reservoir 217 are formed on two sides of the dam body model, and the tunnel is supported;
s3: carrying out corresponding water isolation treatment on the underground reservoir, and installing the front baffle again to finish experiment preparation work;
s4: a conduit is connected with a water inlet of the rear baffle plate, and a reservoir pressure simulation device is installed;
s5: carrying out a first part of test according to the test design, and applying mine pressure action on a test material through a top static load oil cylinder and a side pressure oil cylinder;
s6: in the process of carrying out the first part of test, carrying out the second part of test according to the test design, and applying water pressure through a reservoir pressure simulation device;
s7: carrying out a third part of test according to the test design, and applying a vibration load through the bottom vibration oil cylinder and the top vibration oil cylinder;
s8: and loading until the structure is damaged, and finishing the test.
As a modification, step S5 is preceded by: and preloading the test material by using a top static load oil cylinder and a side pressure oil cylinder, loading to an initial stress value, and stabilizing for a period of time.
On the basis of the research, a representative artificial dam prototype is selected to carry out a similar simulation test. The width, height and thickness of the model were 1400mm, 1300mm and 200mm, respectively. The method sequentially comprises the following processes: (a) weighing raw materials, (b) uniformly stirring, (c) pouring, (d) pre-burying an artificial dam body, (e) maintaining a model, (f) excavating, (g) pouring a water stop glue, (h) finishing arrangement, (i) performing ultrasonic detection, (j) connecting a water inlet, and (k) preparing for a test.
Thus, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that while exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described in detail herein, many other variations and modifications can be made, which are consistent with the principles of the invention, from the disclosure herein, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be understood and interpreted to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. Colliery underground reservoir dam body nested formula multi-coupling model test system, its characterized in that includes model test frame and reservoir pressure analogue means, and the model test frame is for including the nested structure of outer frame and inner frame, wherein:
the outer frame is of a frame structure consisting of outer frame bottom beams, outer frame top beams and outer frame upright columns; a bottom vibration oil cylinder is arranged on the bottom beam of the outer frame;
the inner frame is of a frame structure consisting of an inner frame bottom beam, an inner frame top beam and an inner frame upright post; the top static load oil cylinder and the top vibration oil cylinder are arranged on the top beam of the inner frame; a lateral pressure oil cylinder is arranged on the inner side of the inner frame upright column and used for simulating the lateral pressure of the stratum; the inner frame can vibrate up and down integrally in the outer frame relative to the outer frame under the action of the bottom vibration oil cylinder;
a front baffle and a rear baffle are arranged in the inner frame, two ends of the front baffle and the rear baffle are fixed on the inner frame upright post, and a filling space for test materials is formed between the front baffle and the rear baffle;
the reservoir pressure simulation device is connected to the water inlet through a water inlet guide pipe and is used for applying a water pressure action to the underground reservoir and simulating the water pressure condition of the underground reservoir;
the reservoir pressure simulation device comprises a servo motor, a connecting rod and a cylinder body, a piston is arranged in the cylinder body, the servo motor is connected with the piston in the cylinder body through the connecting rod, water inlet and outlet holes are formed in the cylinder body, and the water inlet and outlet holes are connected with the water inlet guide pipe.
2. The model test system of claim 1, wherein the reservoir pressure simulation apparatus further comprises a controller and a pressure sensor, the controller is connected with the servo motor and the pressure sensor, and the other end of the pressure sensor is connected with the water inlet conduit.
3. The model testing system of claim 1, wherein said backplate is further vented.
4. The model test system according to claim 1, wherein the model test rack further comprises a boundary waterproof structure, specifically, water-stop glue treatment is performed around the front and rear sides of the underground reservoir.
5. The model testing system of claim 4, wherein said boundary waterproofing structure further comprises a plurality of water stop strips formed around the periphery of the underground reservoir and extending outward from the periphery of the underground reservoir by a predetermined distance.
6. The model test system according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the inner frame is provided with a seepage water recovery device, which comprises a water collection tank, a flow guide pipe, a water storage container and a drainage pump, the water collection tank is arranged at the bottom of the inner frame, the flow guide pipe is connected with the water collection tank and the water storage container, and the drainage pump is arranged in the water storage container.
7. The model testing system according to claim 1, wherein the outer side of the inner frame column is provided with a roller set, the inner side of the outer frame column is provided with a guide rail, or the outer side of the inner frame column is provided with a guide rail, the inner side of the outer frame column is provided with a roller set, and the up-and-down movement of the inner frame relative to the outer frame is realized through the roller set and the guide rail.
8. The model test system according to claim 1, wherein the inner frame column is provided with a plurality of rows of bolts in a height direction, the front and rear skirts are respectively installed at peripheries of the front and rear skirts, and both ends of the front and rear skirts are fixed to the bolts, thereby fixing the front and rear skirts to the inner frame column.
9. The method for the multi-coupling test of the dam body of the coal mine underground reservoir by the model test system according to the claims 1-8, wherein the test process consists of three parts, the first part is a loading process for simulating the coal mine pressure change of the dam body, the second part is a process for simulating the stable structure of the dam body when corresponding water pressure is applied, and the third part is a vibration action process generated by the roof fracture and collapse factors on the upper part of the dam body, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: installing a front baffle and a rear baffle, filling test materials, pre-burying a dam body model at the position of an expected dam body, and continuously filling the test materials;
s2: after the test material reaches the expected strength, the front baffle is dismounted, the test material is excavated, a roadway and an underground reservoir are formed on two sides of the dam body model, and the roadway is supported;
s3: carrying out corresponding water isolation treatment on the underground reservoir, and installing the front baffle again to finish experiment preparation work;
s4: a conduit is connected with a water inlet of the rear baffle plate, and a reservoir pressure simulation device is installed;
s5: carrying out a first part of test according to the test design, and applying mine pressure action on a test material through a top static load oil cylinder and a side pressure oil cylinder;
s6: in the process of carrying out the first part of test, carrying out the second part of test according to the test design, and applying water pressure through a reservoir pressure simulation device;
s7: carrying out a third part of test according to the test design, and applying a vibration load through the bottom vibration oil cylinder and the top vibration oil cylinder;
s8: and loading until the structure is damaged, and finishing the test.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein step S5 is preceded by: and preloading the test material by using a top static load oil cylinder and a side pressure oil cylinder, loading to an initial stress value, and stabilizing for a period of time.
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