CN110108855A - Tunnel threedimensional model experimental rig and method under stress-seepage coupling effect - Google Patents
Tunnel threedimensional model experimental rig and method under stress-seepage coupling effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the tunnel threedimensional model experimental rigs under a kind of effect of stress-seepage coupling, including model casing, osmotic control system, load control system, data collection system, the model casing is the transparent cabinet of upper end opening, and the geotechnical model in simulation tunnel is equipped in transparent cabinet；The data collection system includes high-definition digital video camera, the stereoscopic microscopy apparatus of high magnification numbe, dynamic strain data acquisition equipment and computer equipment, general image information of the high-definition digital video camera for model during the test of acquisition, topography information of the stereoscopic microscopy apparatus of high magnification numbe for model during the test of acquisition, pore water pressure of the dynamic strain data acquisition equipment for acquisition, soil pressure and deformation parameter, computer equipment respectively with high-definition digital video camera, the stereoscopic microscopy apparatus of high magnification numbe, the connection of dynamic strain data acquisition equipment, the data that each instrument and equipment is acquired carry out confluence analysis and processing, obtain the stress and development of deformation rule of geotechnical model.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tunnel and underground geotechnical engineering experimental technique fields more particularly to a kind of stress-seepage coupling to make
Tunnel threedimensional model experimental rig and method under.
Background technique
China human mortality accounts for 1/5th of total world population, and big city and megapolis are numerous, and economic development is rapid, hands over
Lead to it is in great demand, so a large amount of railway, highway and urban track traffic facility must be built in China.China is more than one
The country on mountain, and with the raising of environmental requirement, it is inevitable development trend that traffic engineering, which turns lower underground,.Especially into 21 generation
Since discipline, Chinese Tunnel Engineering development is swift and violent, and China has built up the traffic tunnel engineering that total length is more than 30000km, in
State has become qualified tunnel superpower.Tunnel Engineering is whole to be faced with more complicated geological conditions and environment and chooses
Phenomena such as war, cracking, leakage, large deformation occurs in the tunnel in building and runing, is commonplace, is due to tunnel after all
The interaction mechanism of structure and country rock complexity is recognized impenetrable, and tunnel and Surrounding Rock System are made in various factors couplings such as load, seepage flow
Mechanical response under is probed into caused by deficiency.Due to the heterogeneity of country rock and the complexity of tunnel structure stress, theory analysis
In the presence of compared with big limitation, physical experiments are important research means.
Currently more is the physical experiments carried out greatly than ruler, can obtain tunnel structure in various factors and combine work
Macroscopic failure phenomenon under, but workload is huge, poor repeatability, and is difficult to refine and obtains tunnel structure destructive process, it is difficult
To dissect the interaction behavior and soil-water interaction feature between structure and country rock.
Summary of the invention
Tunnel threedimensional model experimental rig and side under being acted on the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of stress-seepage coupling
Method.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme is that a kind of stress-seepage coupling effect under tunnel
Threedimensional model experimental rig, including model casing, osmotic control system, load control system, data collection system, the model casing
For the transparent cabinet of upper end opening, the interior geotechnical model for being equipped with simulation tunnel of transparent cabinet, transparent cabinet lower end is equipped with weeper；
The osmotic control system includes the water permeating pipeline for being laid on geotechnical model upper surface, and send the water supply of water to fill to water permeating pipeline
It sets, water permeating pipeline lower end is equipped with several water seepage holes contacted with geotechnical model, and seepage water is under the action of water supply device, through seeping water
Pipeline, water seepage hole penetrate into geotechnical model；The load control system includes the reaction frame being arranged in above geotechnical model, reaction frame
Lower end is equipped with actuator, and actuator is connected with hydraulic power source, and under the action of hydraulic power source, actuator applies geotechnical model longitudinal
Load；The data collection system include high-definition digital video camera, the stereoscopic microscopy apparatus of high magnification numbe, dynamic strain data acquisition set
Standby and computer equipment, general image information of the high-definition digital video camera for model during the test of acquisition, high magnification numbe are stereoscopic
Topography information of the microscopy apparatus for model during the test of acquisition, dynamic strain data acquisition equipment is for acquisition
Pore water pressure, soil pressure and deformation parameter, computer equipment respectively with high-definition digital video camera, the stereoscopic microscopy apparatus of high magnification numbe,
The connection of dynamic strain data acquisition equipment, the data that each instrument and equipment is acquired carry out confluence analysis and processing, obtain ground mould
Stress and the development of deformation rule of type.
Further, the transparent cabinet is rectangular-shape, and transparent cabinet bottom plate and side plate are transparent tempered glass,
And drafting has grid on side plate tempered glass.
Further, it is equipped with tail water slot below the weeper, for collecting the seepage water flowed out below geotechnical model.
Further, the water supply device includes multi-functional suction pump, and the output end of multi-functional suction pump is connected with pneumatics
Machine, the output end of air compressor machine are connected with diversion pipe, and water conservancy diversion pipe end is connect with the seepage flow pipeline, send water to water permeating pipeline.
Further, the dynamic strain data acquisition equipment include dynamic strain data collecting instrument and with its input terminal
Several sensors of connection, sensor are distributed in the geotechnical model.
A kind of tunnel threedimensional model test method under stress-seepage coupling effect, comprising the following steps:
1) Rock And Soil is prepared according to material principle of similarity or field sampling is spare；
2) Rock And Soil place Min layers are set in transparent mould molding box, and make up to regulation dense state；
3) when Rock And Soil is arranged at predetermined absolute altitude, place continue after tunnel structural model to be laid with Rock And Soil it is high to predetermined earthing
Degree；
4) low water head seepage flow is carried out to ground body Model using osmotic control system, keeps soil model wet；
5) log-on data acquisition system, in the general image information, topography's information, Rock And Soil of ground body Model and tunnel
Pore water pressure, the soil pressure parameter information of structure are acquired in real time；
6) it adjusts osmotic control system and increases osmotic pressure to test requirements document, adjust load control system increase load to regulation and enclose
Rock pressure power carries out the stress seepage coupling test of tunnel surrounding system；
7) observation test overall process observes the deformation of Rock And Soil and tunnel structure by the grid that transparent mould molding box and side wall are drawn
Development；
8) test data analyzer, the entirety of tunnel surrounding during the stress seepage flow coupling that high-definition digital video camera is obtained
Topography's information of tunnel surrounding during the stress seepage flow coupling that the stereoscopic microscopy apparatus of image information, high magnification numbe obtains
Pore water pressure, the soil pressure force parameter obtained with dynamic strain data acquisition equipment is transferred to computer equipment, passes through computer equipment
It is regular to analyze stress, development of deformation of the tunnel surrounding system under stress seepage flow coupling, show that tunnel surrounding system is being answered
Mechanical response under power seepage flow coupling；
8) change Rock And Soil state, tunnel-shaped, pressure from surrounding rock and osmotic pressure, carry out the test of other operating conditions.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention can refine, visually obtain tunnel surrounding system in stress and
Process of deformation and failure under seepage flow coupling, and displacement field, stress field and the seepage field in tunnel and country rock are obtained by analysis
Deng, obtain mechanical response of the tunnel surrounding system under stress seepage flow coupling, complicated convenient for further investigation tunnel surrounding
Failure mechanism provides technical support and theoretical foundation to effectively prevent the proposition of engineering measure.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the tunnel threedimensional model experimental rig under stress-seepage coupling of the present invention effect.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described.
As shown in Figure 1, the tunnel threedimensional model experimental rig under a kind of stress-seepage coupling effect, including model casing 1,
Osmotic control system 2, load control system 3, data collection system 4；
The model casing 1 is the rectangular-shape transparent cabinet 11 of upper end opening, and the ground in simulation tunnel is equipped in transparent cabinet 11
Model 12,11 lower end of transparent cabinet are equipped with weeper 13；11 bottom plate of transparent cabinet and side plate are transparent tempered glass, and side
Drawing on plate tempered glass has grid 14；Tail water slot 15 is equipped with below the weeper 13, for collecting under geotechnical model 12
The seepage water just flowed out；Tunnel model 16 is equipped in the geotechnical model 12；
The osmotic control system 2 includes being laid on the water permeating pipeline 21 of 12 upper surface of geotechnical model, and to water permeating pipeline 21
The water supply device of water is sent, water permeating pipeline lower end is equipped with several water seepage holes 22 contacted with geotechnical model 12, and seepage water is in the dress that supplies water
Under the action of setting, geotechnical model 12 is penetrated into through water permeating pipeline 21, water seepage hole 22；The water supply device includes multi-functional suction pump
23, the output end of multi-functional suction pump 23 is connected with air compressor machine 24, and the output end of air compressor machine 24 is connected with diversion pipe 25, diversion pipe
25 ends are connect with the seepage flow pipeline 21, send water to water permeating pipeline 21, can be with mould by adjusting the operating pressure of air compressor machine 24
It is quasi- to test required seepage pressure；
The load control system 3 includes the reaction frame 31 that 12 top of geotechnical model is arranged in, and 31 lower end of reaction frame is equipped with work
Dynamic device 32, actuator 32 is connected with hydraulic power source 33, and under the action of hydraulic power source 33, actuator 32 applies longitudinal direction to geotechnical model 12
Load, by adjusting the output parameter of hydraulic power source, pressure from surrounding rock needed for can satisfy test, convenient for simulation different buried depth condition；
The data collection system 4 is adopted including high-definition digital video camera 41, the stereoscopic microscopy apparatus 42 of high magnification numbe, dynamic strain data
Collect equipment 43 and computer equipment 44, the general image information of model during test of the high-definition digital video camera 41 for obtaining,
Topography information of the stereoscopic microscopy apparatus 42 of high magnification numbe for model during the test of acquisition, the acquisition of dynamic strain data are set
Standby 43 are distributed in the ground including dynamic strain data collecting instrument and several sensors connecting with its input terminal, sensor
In model, for the pore water pressure of acquisition, soil pressure and deformation parameter, computer equipment 44 respectively with high-definition digital video camera
41, the stereoscopic microscopy apparatus 42 of high magnification numbe, dynamic strain data acquisition equipment 43 connect, and the data that each instrument and equipment is acquired carry out
Confluence analysis and processing obtain the seepage field of tunnel surrounding in experimentation, stress field, displacement field and soil deformation rule, from
And obtain the stress and development of deformation rule of geotechnical model 12.
Stress seepage coupling test can be carried out to the geotechnical model in simulation tunnel using above-mentioned experimental rig, arrive ground mould
Stress and the development of deformation rule of type, specifically:
A kind of tunnel threedimensional model test method under stress-seepage coupling effect, comprising the following steps:
1) Rock And Soil is prepared according to material principle of similarity or field sampling is spare；
2) Rock And Soil place Min layers are set in transparent mould molding box, and make up to regulation dense state；
3) when Rock And Soil is arranged at predetermined absolute altitude, place continue after tunnel structural model to be laid with Rock And Soil it is high to predetermined earthing
Degree；
4) low water head seepage flow is carried out to ground body Model using osmotic control system, keeps soil model wet；
5) log-on data acquisition system, in the general image information, topography's information, Rock And Soil of ground body Model and tunnel
Pore water pressure, the soil pressure parameter information of structure are acquired in real time；
6) it adjusts osmotic control system and increases osmotic pressure to test requirements document, adjust load control system increase load to regulation and enclose
Rock pressure power carries out the stress seepage coupling test of tunnel surrounding system；
7) observation test overall process observes the deformation of Rock And Soil and tunnel structure by the grid that transparent mould molding box and side wall are drawn
Development；
8) test data analyzer, the entirety of tunnel surrounding during the stress seepage flow coupling that high-definition digital video camera is obtained
Topography's information of tunnel surrounding during the stress seepage flow coupling that the stereoscopic microscopy apparatus of image information, high magnification numbe obtains
Pore water pressure, the soil pressure force parameter obtained with dynamic strain data acquisition equipment is transferred to computer equipment, passes through computer equipment
It is regular to analyze stress, development of deformation of the tunnel surrounding system under stress seepage flow coupling, show that tunnel surrounding system is being answered
Mechanical response under power seepage flow coupling；
9) change Rock And Soil state, tunnel-shaped, pressure from surrounding rock and osmotic pressure, carry out the test of other operating conditions.
The present invention can refine, visually obtain deformation of the tunnel surrounding system under stress and seepage flow coupling
Destructive process, and displacement field, stress field and the seepage field in tunnel and country rock etc. are obtained by analysis, show that tunnel surrounding system exists
Mechanical response under stress seepage flow coupling, convenient for furtheing investigate the failure mechanism of tunnel surrounding complexity, to effectively prevent work
The it is proposed of journey measure provides technical support and theoretical foundation.
Described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the present invention
In embodiment, every other implementation obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example, belongs to the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the tunnel threedimensional model experimental rig under a kind of stress-seepage coupling effect, which is characterized in that including model casing, seep
Flow control system, load control system, data collection system, the model casing are the transparent cabinet of upper end opening, transparent cabinet
The interior geotechnical model for being equipped with simulation tunnel, transparent cabinet lower end are equipped with weeper；The osmotic control system includes being laid on rock
The water permeating pipeline of soil model upper surface, and the water supply device of water is sent to water permeating pipeline, water permeating pipeline lower end is equipped with several and rock
The water seepage hole of soil model contact, seepage water penetrate into geotechnical model under the action of water supply device, through water permeating pipeline, water seepage hole；Institute
Stating load control system includes the reaction frame being arranged in above geotechnical model, and reaction frame lower end is equipped with actuator, and actuator connects
It is connected to hydraulic power source, under the action of hydraulic power source, actuator applies longitudinal load to geotechnical model；The data collection system includes
The stereoscopic microscopy apparatus of high-definition digital video camera, high magnification numbe, dynamic strain data acquisition equipment and computer equipment, high-definition digital camera shooting
General image information of the instrument for model during the test of acquisition, test process of the stereoscopic microscopy apparatus of high magnification numbe for acquisition
Topography's information of middle model, dynamic strain data acquisition equipment is for the pore water pressure of acquisition, soil pressure and deformation ginseng
Number, computer equipment are connect with high-definition digital video camera, the stereoscopic microscopy apparatus of high magnification numbe, dynamic strain data acquisition equipment respectively,
The data that each instrument and equipment is acquired carry out confluence analysis and processing, obtain the stress and development of deformation rule of geotechnical model.
2. the tunnel threedimensional model experimental rig under a kind of stress-seepage coupling effect as described in claim 1, feature
It is, the transparent cabinet is rectangular-shape, and transparent cabinet bottom plate and side plate are transparent tempered glass, and side plate tempering glass
Drawing on glass has grid.
3. the tunnel threedimensional model experimental rig under a kind of stress-seepage coupling effect as described in claim 1, feature
It is, tail water slot is equipped with below the weeper, for collects the seepage water flowed out below geotechnical model.
4. the tunnel threedimensional model experimental rig under a kind of stress-seepage coupling effect as described in claim 1, feature
Be, the water supply device includes multi-functional suction pump, and the output end of multi-functional suction pump is connected with air compressor machine, air compressor machine it is defeated
Outlet is connected with diversion pipe, and water conservancy diversion pipe end is connect with the seepage flow pipeline, send water to water permeating pipeline.
5. the tunnel threedimensional model experimental rig under a kind of stress-seepage coupling effect as described in claim 1, feature
It is, the dynamic strain data acquisition equipment includes dynamic strain data collecting instrument and several biographies for connecting with its input terminal
Sensor, sensor are distributed in the geotechnical model.
6. a kind of test method of the tunnel threedimensional model experimental rig under stress-seepage coupling effect, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
1) Rock And Soil is prepared according to material principle of similarity or field sampling is spare；
2) Rock And Soil place Min layers are set in transparent mould molding box, and make up to regulation dense state；
3) when Rock And Soil is arranged at predetermined absolute altitude, place continue after tunnel structural model to be laid with Rock And Soil it is high to predetermined earthing
Degree；
4) low water head seepage flow is carried out to ground body Model using osmotic control system, keeps soil model wet；
5) log-on data acquisition system, in the general image information, topography's information, Rock And Soil of ground body Model and tunnel
Pore water pressure, the soil pressure parameter information of structure are acquired in real time；
6) it adjusts osmotic control system and increases osmotic pressure to test requirements document, adjust load control system increase load to regulation and enclose
Rock pressure power carries out the stress seepage coupling test of tunnel surrounding system；
7) observation test overall process observes the deformation of Rock And Soil and tunnel structure by the grid that transparent mould molding box and side wall are drawn
Development；
8) test data analyzer, the entirety of tunnel surrounding during the stress seepage flow coupling that high-definition digital video camera is obtained
Topography's information of tunnel surrounding during the stress seepage flow coupling that the stereoscopic microscopy apparatus of image information, high magnification numbe obtains
Pore water pressure, the soil pressure force parameter obtained with dynamic strain data acquisition equipment is transferred to computer equipment, passes through computer equipment
It is regular to analyze stress, development of deformation of the tunnel surrounding system under stress seepage flow coupling, show that tunnel surrounding system is being answered
Mechanical response under power seepage flow coupling；
9) change Rock And Soil state, tunnel-shaped, pressure from surrounding rock and osmotic pressure, carry out the test of other operating conditions.
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| CN110987607A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-10 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Nested multi-coupling model test system and test method for dam body of coal mine underground reservoir |
| CN112414915A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-26 | 山东大学 | Test system and method for simulating tunnel excavation seepage change under complex geological conditions |
| CN113358544A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-09-07 | 西南交通大学 | Method for accurately measuring infiltration line for tunnel steady-state seepage field model test |
| CN114002129A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-02-01 | 河北省交通规划设计研究院有限公司 | High-water-pressure-crack rock mass seepage test platform |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110987607A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-10 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Nested multi-coupling model test system and test method for dam body of coal mine underground reservoir |
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| CN113358544A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-09-07 | 西南交通大学 | Method for accurately measuring infiltration line for tunnel steady-state seepage field model test |
| CN113358544B (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2023-04-11 | 西南交通大学 | Method for accurately measuring infiltration line for tunnel steady-state seepage field model test |
| CN114002129A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-02-01 | 河北省交通规划设计研究院有限公司 | High-water-pressure-crack rock mass seepage test platform |
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Application publication date: 20190809 |