CN104614249B - Pressure chamber testing device and testing method for monitoring rock breaking multivariate precursory information - Google Patents
Pressure chamber testing device and testing method for monitoring rock breaking multivariate precursory information Download PDFInfo
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- CN104614249B CN104614249B CN201510036171.4A CN201510036171A CN104614249B CN 104614249 B CN104614249 B CN 104614249B CN 201510036171 A CN201510036171 A CN 201510036171A CN 104614249 B CN104614249 B CN 104614249B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pressure chamber testing device and testing method for monitoring rock breaking multivariate precursory information. The pressure chamber testing device includes a pressure chamber designed for anti-seepage sealing, wherein the pressure chamber is connected with an upper pressure plate tension transfer column system; a sample and a monitoring element are arranged inside the pressure chamber; the monitoring element is connected with data acquisition equipment outside the pressure chamber; the sample inside the pressure chamber is connected with the upper pressure plate tension transfer column system; the upper pressure plate tension transfer column system is connected with a header of the pressure chamber; a water pressing pipe is connected with the bottom of the sample; a base is arranged at the bottom of the pressure chamber; a confining pressure water inlet pipeline is arranged inside the base, and is communicated to the chamber body of the pressure chamber. According to the invention, the pressure chamber can be tested inside the chamber under the combined action of the confining pressure and water pressure on rock, so that the whole rock breaking process is visualized; besides, an osmotic pressure sensor, an acoustic emission sensor and an electrical resistivity sensor are all arranged on the sample to monitor the evolution law of breaking precursory information of rock under the action of the water pressure and the confining pressure, as a result, the rock breaking multivariate precursory information can be monitored under the action of water pressure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the present invention relates to a kind of laboratory test pressure chamber arrangement, especially a kind of to make in hydraulic pressure for monitoring
With balancing gate pit's experimental rig of the polynary precursor information of the lower rock failure mechanism of rock.
Background technology
With developing rapidly for China's tunnels and underground engineering, the scale of tunnels and underground engineering constantly expands, and buried depth is not
Disconnected to increase, increasing engineering is transferred to Southwestern Karst Mountain Area.Affected by body of groundwater and karst, tunnel occurs the prominent mud of gushing water
Accident is continuously increased, and thus results in substantial amounts of casualties and property loss.Substantial amounts of Engineering Projects shows, in prominent mud of gushing water etc.
Geological disaster is bound to show a variety of precursor informations before occurring, by the accurate seizure to precursor information and identification,
The Evolution of precursor information is fully grasped, the generation of disaster can be effectively forecast, it is to avoid casualties and property loss.Its
In, by laboratory test to acting in hydraulic pressure under the polynary precursor information of the rock failure mechanism of rock study on monitoring be occur in research engineering it is prominent
Gush disaster to provide fundamental basis.
Laboratory test is to carry out becoming more meticulous the effective means of test, by studying Practical Project in the key being badly in need of solving ask
Topic and theory hypothesis, the Evolution for obtaining research object intension carrys out guiding construction.Traditional rock failure mechanism of rock information monitoring is difficult to
Meet research requirement of the engineering project under complex geological condition, monitoring project is single, it is impossible to while realizing single shaft, three axle (σ2
=σ3) stress；Meanwhile, the generation under by high-ground stress and high hydraulic pressure double action of non-study of rocks is destroyed before being discharged
Million information；Lack the accurate test to sample inside osmotic pressure.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided the rock failure mechanism of rock is polynary under hydraulic pressure effect
Precursor information monitors the pressure chamber arrangement of laboratory test, and the device integrates sound emission, resistivity and osmotic pressure monitoring and shortens
Test period, strengthens the accuracy of data acquisition in process of the test；Simultaneously sample is met in single shaft and three axle (σ2=σ3) receive
Experimental study under the conditions of power；The size of sample suitable for this pilot pressure chamber is devised, is conducive to building water under high pressure to rock
The effect of sample；Sample realizes sample and confined pressure water, balancing gate pit and the sealing in the external world, truly simulates in bottom water pressure
The overall process of the lower rock failure mechanism of rock of effect.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals：
Balancing gate pit's experimental rig of the polynary precursor information of the monitoring rock failure mechanism of rock, including balancing gate pit, balancing gate pit carries out antiseep
Seal Design；The balancing gate pit is connected with upper platen power transmission column system, and sample and monitoring element are provided with the pressure room, described
Data collection facility outside monitoring element connection pressure room, the sample in the pressure room connects with upper platen power transmission column system,
The upper platen power transmission column system is connected with the top cover of balancing gate pit, and junction is provided with potted component；The bottom connection of the sample
Pressure water pipe, junction is provided with potted component；The balancing gate pit bottom is pedestal, and confined pressure water water inlet pipe company is provided with the pedestal
Balancing gate pit's chamber body is passed to, the opposite side of the pedestal is provided with Data Collection hole, and the monitoring element is carried out by Data Collection hole
The collection of collection information and analysis.
The balancing gate pit is transparent pressure room, is made up of tempered glass materials, and thickness is 20mm, and strength and stiffness are larger,
Transparent visual.
The top cover and pedestal of the balancing gate pit is provided with groove and carries out being engaged splicing, groove stitching position with the chamber body of balancing gate pit
High-strength and waterproofing stickum is set, the sealing of balancing gate pit is enhanced.
The sample is cylinder, and the bottom hole of sample, the size of drilling is different, is simulated with this and is made in different injection amount
With the rupture event of lower rock sample, rock sample ruptures many information under the conditions of collection different injection amount.
The monitoring element includes acoustic emission sensor, resistivity sensor and osmotic pressure sensor, the voice sending sensor
Device and resistivity sensor are arranged on the wall of sample side, and carry out waterproof anti-explosion measure；The osmotic pressure sensor is located at sample
It is internal.
The osmotic pressure sensor adopts miniature osmotic pressure sensor, it is ensured that the structural intergrity of rock sample.
High-strength and waterproofing stickum bonding is adopted at the Data Collection hole, is sealed.
Heat-shrink tube is enclosed with the sample outer wall, confined pressure medium is completely cut off with this and is infiltrated, affect test effect.
Air bleeding valve is provided with the top of the balancing gate pit.Air bleeding valve is carrying out three axle (σ2=σ3) drain in balancing gate pit before test
Air, when triaxial test is carried out air bleeding valve is closed.
Tested using balancing gate pit's experimental rig, comprised the following steps：
Step 1：The placement of sample is carried out first, a small amount of butter is smeared in sample top and bottom, to reduce end friction；
Step 2：Monitoring element is laid, and is drawn data wire from Data Collection hole, then using high-strength anti-
Water glass adhesive bonding, is sealed；
Step 3：Balancing gate pit's top cover is passed through into upper platen power transmission column system, along the groove and the groove of pedestal of balancing gate pit's top cover
Transparent pressure room is laid, and using high-strength and waterproofing glass cement bonding；
Step 4：The installation of laboratory test balancing gate pit is finally completed, pressure water pipe is accessed and is goed deep into inside sample, in pedestal
Lay confined pressure water water inlet pipe in portion.
When carrying out uniaxial test, confined pressure water water inlet pipe is closed in the step 4.
When carrying out triaxial test, in the step 4, confined pressure water water inlet pipe is opened, construct confined pressure σ of sample2=σ3。
Balancing gate pit's experimental rig of the present invention is capable of achieving single shaft and three axle (σ2=σ3) test, close during uniaxial test
There is no the confined pressure effect of water in confined pressure water inlet opening, sample.Three axle (σ2=σ3) under the conditions of confined pressure water, retain at pedestal and enclose
The water inlet pipe of pressure water, water inlet pipe carries out fluid proof seal process with pedestal using high-strength and waterproofing glass cement.
Balancing gate pit's experimental rig of the present invention solves rock laboratory test balancing gate pit under confined pressure and hydraulic pressure collective effect
Problem, realize the visualization of rock failure mechanism of rock overall process.Simultaneously osmotic pressure, sound emission and resistivity sensor are laid in into sample
On, the Evolution that rock destroys precursor information under hydraulic pressure and confined pressure effect is monitored, realize the rock under hydraulic pressure effect and break
The monitoring of bad polynary precursor information.Process of the test is more genuine and believable, and result of the test is more nearly with Practical Project.With following
Advantage：
1st, balancing gate pit can strengthen the visualization of process of the test from the transparent material of high intensity, realize process of the test
Observation directly perceived, is conducive to improving the accuracy of process of the test, it is ensured that the accuracy of result of the test；
2nd, balancing gate pit, using high-strength and waterproofing glass cement bonding, ensure that pressure from the larger tempered glass materials of rigidity
The sealing of power room；
3rd, the various waterproof sealing means of pilot system appropriate design, according to device performance, give full play to respectively in different parts
Plant the advantage of waterproof material；In particular according to seal request, devise be applied to repeatedly telescopic location be slidingly sealed method, can
Ensure sealing of the balancing gate pit using process；
4th, using high-strength and waterproofing glass cement bonding, mounted inlet opening is sealed with Data Collection hole, materials letter
Single, method is practical, reduces production cost.
5th, the construction of whole balancing gate pit is clear, and total quality is lighter, reduces difficulty of the equipment in moving process.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of balancing gate pit's experimental provision of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the vertical section schematic diagram of sample；
Fig. 3 a are the schematic cross section of the sample that cross section is 10mm × 10mm；
Fig. 3 b are the schematic cross section of the sample that cross section is 10mm × 15mm；
Fig. 3 c are the schematic cross section of the sample that cross section is 10mm × 20mm；
In figure, platen power transmission column system is 1. gone up；2. air bleeding valve；3.O type sealing rings；4. balancing gate pit's top cover；5. safety glass；
6. osmotic pressure sensor；7. resistivity sensor；8. acoustic emission sensor；9. pressure water pipe；10. confined pressure water inlet opening；11. data
Collect hole；12. balancing gate pit's bottom bases；13. heat-shrink tubes；A is sample.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples the present invention is further described.
As shown in figure 1, for balancing gate pit's experimental rig of monitoring polynary precursor information of the rock failure mechanism of rock under hydraulic pressure effect, bag
Transparent balancing gate pit is included, balancing gate pit includes balancing gate pit's top cover 4, safety glass 5, pedestal 12, and balancing gate pit adopts high-strength and waterproofing glass
It is gluing to connect；Upper platen 1 is connected with balancing gate pit's top cover 4, and the two carries out sliding sealing process using O-ring seal；Upper platen 1 with
Sample A connects, and Sample A top and bottom smears part butter；The bottom of Sample A is sealed using O-ring seal, has been prevented
Pressure water seepage, confined pressure water enters balancing gate pit by confined pressure water inlet opening 10；Acoustic emission sensor 8, resistivity sensor 7 and osmotic pressure
Sensor 6 is deployed to respectively in Sample A, and precursor information gathered data line connects external equipment by Data Collection hole 11；There is pressure
Joint at the connection pedestal 12 of water pipe 9, there is provided water under high pressure.Sample closes confined pressure water inlet opening when uniaxial compression test is carried out
10, carry out three axle (σ2=σ3) test when, Sample A carries out waterproof using heat-shrink tube 13, during water filling open air bleeding valve 2, when filling
Close air bleeding valve 2.Osmotic pressure sensor 6, resistivity sensor 7, acoustic emission sensor 8 are respectively adopted embedment and glue glutinous mode,
In being laid in Sample A.
Transparent pressure room, is made using tempered glass materials, and thickness is 20mm, and strength and stiffness are larger, transparent visual.
As shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 3 c, sample is cylinder, and size is Φ 50mm × 100mm, bottom hole, hole depth 60mm, hole
Cross-sectional area (long and wide) size be divided into 10mm × 10mm, 10mm × 15mm, 10mm × 20mm.
When carrying out uniaxial compression test, the placement of sample is carried out first, a small amount of butter is smeared in sample top and bottom, to subtract
Small end rubs, and monitoring element is laid by test requirements document, and draws data wire from Data Collection hole, then adopts
High-strength and waterproofing glass cement bonding, is sealed；The platen through on force-transmitting pole, along groove transparent pressure room is laid, and using high-strength
Waterproof glass is gluing to be connect, and finally completes the installation of laboratory test balancing gate pit, is accessed pressure water pipe and is goed deep into inside sample, while confined pressure
Water water inlet pipe is closed.Three axle (σ2=σ3) test need to only access confined pressure water, open the water inlet pipe of confined pressure water, construction examination
Confined pressure (the σ of sample2=σ3)。
Although the above-mentioned accompanying drawing that combines is described to the specific embodiment of the present invention, not to present invention protection model
The restriction enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not
Need the various modifications made by paying creative work or deformation still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the experimental technique based on the balancing gate pit's experimental rig for monitoring the polynary precursor information of the rock failure mechanism of rock, is characterized in that,
Balancing gate pit's experimental rig includes balancing gate pit, and balancing gate pit carries out fluid proof seal design；The balancing gate pit and upper platen
Power transmission column system is connected, and sample and monitoring element, the data outside the monitoring element connection pressure room are provided with the pressure room
Collecting device, the sample in the pressure room connects with upper platen power transmission column system, the upper platen power transmission column system and pressure
The top cover of room is connected, and junction is provided with potted component；The bottom of the sample is connected with pressure pipe, and junction is provided with sealing unit
Part；The balancing gate pit bottom is pedestal, confined pressure water inlet channel is provided with the pedestal and is communicated to balancing gate pit's chamber body, the pedestal
Opposite side be provided with Data Collection hole, the monitoring element is acquired the collection and analysis of information by Data Collection hole；
Experimental technique is comprised the following steps：
Step 1：The placement of sample is carried out first, a small amount of butter is smeared in sample top and bottom, to reduce end friction；
Step 2：Monitoring element is laid, and is drawn data wire from Data Collection hole, then using high-strength and waterproofing glass
Glass is gluing to be connect, and is sealed；
Step 3：Balancing gate pit's top cover is passed through into upper platen power transmission column system, is laid along the groove of balancing gate pit's top cover and the groove of pedestal
Transparent pressure room, and using high-strength and waterproofing glass cement bonding；
Step 4：The installation of laboratory test balancing gate pit is finally completed, pressure water pipe is accessed and is goed deep into inside sample, in base interior cloth
If confined pressure water water inlet pipe.
2. the experimental technique of balancing gate pit's experimental rig as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described when carrying out uniaxial test
Confined pressure water water inlet pipe is closed in step 4；When carrying out triaxial test, in the step 4, confined pressure water water inlet pipe is opened,
Confined pressure σ of construction sample2=σ3。
3. the experimental technique of balancing gate pit's experimental rig as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the balancing gate pit is transparent pressure
Room, is made up of tempered glass materials.
4. the experimental technique of balancing gate pit's experimental rig as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the top cover and base of the balancing gate pit
Seat is provided with groove and carries out being engaged splicing with the chamber body of balancing gate pit, and groove stitching position arranges high-strength and waterproofing stickum.
5. the experimental technique of balancing gate pit's experimental rig as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the sample is cylinder, is tried
The bottom hole of sample, the size of drilling is different.
6. the experimental technique of balancing gate pit's experimental rig as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the monitoring element is sent out including sound
Sensor, resistivity sensor and osmotic pressure sensor are penetrated, the acoustic emission sensor and resistivity sensor are arranged on sample side
On wall；The osmotic pressure sensor is located at the inside of sample.
7. the experimental technique of balancing gate pit's experimental rig as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, adopt at the Data Collection hole
High-strength and waterproofing stickum bonding.
8. the experimental technique of balancing gate pit's experimental rig as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, be enclosed with the sample outer wall
Heat-shrink tube.
9. the experimental technique of balancing gate pit's experimental rig as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, be provided with the top of the balancing gate pit
Air bleeding valve.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510036171.4A CN104614249B (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2015-01-23 | Pressure chamber testing device and testing method for monitoring rock breaking multivariate precursory information |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510036171.4A CN104614249B (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2015-01-23 | Pressure chamber testing device and testing method for monitoring rock breaking multivariate precursory information |
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| CN104614249A CN104614249A (en) | 2015-05-13 |
| CN104614249B true CN104614249B (en) | 2017-05-10 |
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| CN106092396B (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2018-12-14 | 沈雪梅 | A kind of test device of crustal stress |
| CN104977234B (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2018-02-27 | 安徽理工大学 | Pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability and dynamic permeability characteristic test device and method |
| GB2543535A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2017-04-26 | Rolls Royce Plc | Test methods and apparatus |
| CN105973712A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-09-28 | 河南理工大学 | Acoustic emission testing device used in gassy coal rock fracturing process |
| CN105974056B (en) * | 2016-04-30 | 2019-03-26 | 山东大学 | Tunnel water bursting disaster precursor information monitoring model pilot system and test method |
| CN108169028A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-06-15 | 武汉龙澄环境装备有限公司 | Container water test unit |
| CN108398342B (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2020-05-12 | 华东交通大学 | Acoustic emission testing device for rock mass in high confining pressure unloading and operation method thereof |
| CN109374499A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-22 | 华侨大学 | A kind of rock seepage pressure room of receivable acoustic emission signal |
| CN109613119A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-04-12 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of acoustic-electric seeps quasi- triaxial cell and the test method of comprehensive monitoring |
| CN109708975B (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2021-07-30 | 河南城建学院 | Anti-noise interference type single-shaft loading sample cylinder and using method thereof |
| CN113607541A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-05 | 重庆大学 | Visual survey device of rock mechanics experiment |
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| US5159828A (en) * | 1990-08-31 | 1992-11-03 | Exxon Production Research Company | Microaccumulator for measurement of fluid volume changes under pressure |
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Inventor after: Lin Chunjin Inventor after: Yuan Yongcai Inventor after: Li Liping Inventor after: Shi Shaoshuai Inventor after: Yang Weimin Inventor after: Zhang Qianqing Inventor after: Zhou Zongqing Inventor after: Xu Zhenhao Inventor after: Wang Sheng Inventor before: Li Shucai Inventor before: Yuan Yongcai Inventor before: Li Liping Inventor before: Shi Shaoshuai Inventor before: Yang Weimin Inventor before: Zhang Qianqing Inventor before: Zhou Zongqing Inventor before: Xu Zhenhao Inventor before: Wang Sheng |
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