CN111811856B - Coal pillar dam body accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device and experiment method thereof - Google Patents
Coal pillar dam body accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device and experiment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coal pillar dam body accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device and an experiment method thereof, and belongs to the field of research on rock mass mechanics behaviors. The device comprises: an experimental platform; the coal mine underground reservoir unit simulates the geological environment of a target area; the multi-field information generation unit is used for applying static load, dynamic load and water immersion scenes to the coal mine underground reservoir unit; the information interaction unit is used for acquiring and transmitting data information generated in each scene; and the visual data processing and analyzing unit is used for receiving the data collected and transmitted by the information interaction unit, and displaying the data on the intelligent terminal equipment after analysis and processing. The coal pillar dam body simulation experiment system realizes multi-field coupling environment simulation on the coal mine underground reservoir unit through the multi-field information generation unit, collects the change of geological parameters in the multi-field through the information interaction unit, displays the experiment result on the intelligent terminal equipment after the change is processed and analyzed by the visual data processing and analyzing unit, and realizes the simulation experiment and analysis of the coal pillar dam body in the complex stress and water immersion coupling environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of research on rock mass mechanics behaviors, and particularly relates to a coal pillar dam accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experimental device and an experimental method thereof.
Background
The coal mine underground reservoir engineering is an effective way for water resource protection and utilization, and the stability mechanism of the coal pillar dam body in the long-term water logging and dynamic and static load superposition environment becomes the key of the long-term safe operation of the coal mine underground reservoir. The current demand on the comprehensive experimental apparatus of multi-field rock mass mechanics that can fully carry out dynamic and static load and water logging coupling effect is very urgent.
At present, most rock mechanics analog simulation experiment devices adopted in laboratories are arranged in a single physical field, a monitoring method and a monitoring data acquisition mode of the rock mechanics analog simulation experiment devices are limited, design ideas and experiment schemes are more traditional, intelligent and comprehensive levels are not high, and laboratory experiment requirements of a coal pillar dam body in a complex stress and water immersion coupling environment cannot be met.
For example, chinese patent publication No.: CN 108677866A; the publication date is as follows: year 2018, 10 and 19; the three-dimensional analog simulation device comprises a simulation experiment platform, a reservoir simulation system, an intelligent uniform distribution loading system, a real-time monitoring system and an intelligent aggregate loading and compacting system; the simulation experiment platform comprises the reservoir simulation system and a plurality of rock strata arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the reservoir simulation system, the reservoir simulation system comprises a dam body simulation system and a coal seam simulation system arranged in the dam body simulation system, the coal seam simulation system is formed by sequentially arranging n one-day coal simulation water bags from left to right, and the dam body simulation system comprises a dam body bottom plate and four dam body side protection plates. The simulation modeling experiment device of this application compares and arranges in traditional single field, can carry out the simulation of static pressure, water logging environment to the underground reservoir structure, nevertheless can't simulate the dynamic load occasion, and the structural arrangement of the collection system of this application remains to be optimized, and the data limitation of gathering is too big.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coal pillar dam accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment apparatus, including:
the experiment platform is formed by sequentially butting a top plate, a left side plate, a bottom plate and a right side plate;
the coal mine underground reservoir unit is arranged in the experiment platform and simulates the geological environment of a target area;
the multi-field information generation unit is arranged in the coal mine underground reservoir unit and applies static load, dynamic load and water immersion scenes to the coal mine underground reservoir unit;
the information interaction unit is arranged in the experiment platform and used for collecting and transmitting data information generated in each scene;
and the visual data processing and analyzing unit is in signal connection with the information interaction unit, receives the data collected and transmitted by the information interaction unit, and displays the data on the intelligent terminal equipment after analysis and processing.
According to the coal pillar dam accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device provided by the embodiment of the invention, optionally, the coal mine underground reservoir unit comprises a mining working surface, a goaf, a coal pillar dam and an artificial dam which are generated by simulating a geological environment of a target area.
According to the coal pillar dam body accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device provided by the embodiment of the invention, optionally, the multi-field information generating unit comprises:
the static hydraulic pressure applying module comprises a hydraulic jack arranged on a top plate and is used for applying static load to the coal mine underground reservoir unit;
the dynamic vibration generation module comprises a multi-frequency linear vibration motor arranged in the pillar dam body and is used for applying dynamic load to the coal mine underground reservoir unit;
the controllable water injection module comprises an external water injection pipe, an internal water injection pipe and a water valve switch, wherein the external water injection pipe is matched with the water valve switch to inject water above the coal mine underground reservoir unit, and the internal water injection pipe is matched with the water valve switch to inject water into the goaf.
According to the coal pillar dam body accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device provided by the embodiment of the invention, optionally, the multi-field information generation unit further comprises an operation module carried on intelligent terminal equipment and used for controlling the start and stop of the static hydraulic pressure application module, the dynamic vibration generation module and the controllable water injection module.
According to the coal pillar dam body accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device provided by the embodiment of the invention, optionally, the information interaction unit comprises:
a stress sensor that receives and transmits stress information;
a displacement sensor that receives and transmits displacement information;
an osmotic pressure sensor that receives and transmits osmotic pressure information;
the flow monitoring meter is arranged on the external water injection pipe and the internal water injection pipe and used for monitoring flow information;
the panoramic camera is arranged above the experiment platform;
the laser positioning instrument is arranged on one side of the experiment platform;
and the infrared imager is arranged on the other side of the experiment platform.
According to the coal pillar dam accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device provided by the embodiment of the invention, optionally, the coal mine underground reservoir unit is provided with three monitoring layers which are horizontally arranged from top to bottom, and the three monitoring layers are a water-bearing layer monitoring layer, a water-resisting layer monitoring layer and a coal pillar dam osmotic pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer in sequence.
According to the coal pillar dam body accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device provided by the embodiment of the invention, optionally, a single measuring line is arranged in the middle of the aquifer monitoring layer, a plurality of osmotic pressure sensors are arranged on the measuring line, and the arrangement distance between adjacent osmotic pressure sensors gradually increases from the middle point to two ends of the measuring line;
two measuring lines are arranged in the middle of the waterproof layer monitoring layer, one measuring line is a seepage pressure measuring line, a plurality of seepage pressure sensors are arranged on the measuring line, and the other measuring line is a displacement measuring line, and a plurality of displacement sensors are arranged on the displacement measuring line; a plurality of osmotic pressure sensors are uniformly distributed on one side of the osmotic pressure measuring line close to the external water injection pipe, and the arrangement distance between adjacent osmotic pressure sensors on one side of the osmotic pressure measuring line far away from the external water injection pipe is gradually increased from the middle point to two ends of the measuring line; the arrangement distance between adjacent displacement sensors on the displacement measuring line gradually increases from the middle point to two ends of the measuring line;
three measuring lines are arranged in the middle of the coal pillar dam body osmotic pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer, and the stress sensor, the displacement sensor and the osmotic pressure sensor are alternately arranged on each coal pillar dam body at each measuring line; and a seepage pressure sensor is also arranged on the coal pillar dam body seepage pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer outside the measuring line and is arranged on the coal pillar dam body far away from the left side plate and the right side plate.
According to the coal pillar dam body accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device provided by the embodiment of the invention, optionally, the external water injection pipe and the internal water injection pipe can perform water pumping action in cooperation with the water valve switch.
According to the coal pillar dam accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device provided by the embodiment of the invention, optionally, five multi-frequency linear vibration motors are arranged in each coal pillar dam and are arranged on a horizontal plane in a two-row five-hole mode.
According to another aspect of the invention, a comprehensive experiment method for accumulated damage evolution of a pillar dam is provided, which comprises the following steps:
A. multi-field coupling simulation
a1, static load simulation: the method comprises the steps that a static hydraulic applying module is controlled to be started on an operation module of the intelligent terminal device, so that a hydraulic jack applies static load hydraulic pressure to a coal mine underground reservoir unit, a controllable water injection module is controlled to be started on the operation module of the intelligent terminal device, an external water injection pipe injects water above the coal mine underground reservoir unit, and static load water pressure is applied;
a2, dynamic load simulation: controlling a dynamic vibration generation module to start on an operation module of the intelligent terminal device, so that a multi-frequency linear vibration motor applies dynamic load to the coal pillar dam body;
a3, water immersion simulation: controlling a controllable water injection module to start on an operation module of the intelligent terminal device, so that an internal water injection pipe injects water into the coal mine underground reservoir unit;
B. information collection
b1, collecting corresponding information by sensors arranged on an aquifer monitoring layer, a water-resisting layer monitoring layer and a coal pillar dam body osmotic pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer and transmitting the corresponding information to a visual data processing and analyzing unit;
b2, collecting corresponding information by a panoramic camera, a laser positioning instrument and an infrared imager which are arranged outside the coal mine underground reservoir unit and transmitting the corresponding information to a visual data processing and analyzing unit;
C. data presentation
The visual data processing and analyzing unit analyzes the received data and presents the analysis result on the intelligent terminal equipment.
Advantageous effects
(1) According to the coal pillar dam accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device, multi-field coupling environment simulation can be achieved on the coal mine underground reservoir unit through the multi-field information generating unit, changes of geological parameters in the multi-field are collected through the information interaction unit, an experiment result is displayed on intelligent terminal equipment after the changes are processed and analyzed through the visual data processing and analyzing unit, and the laboratory experiment requirements of the coal pillar dam in the complex stress and water immersion coupling environment are met;
(2) according to the coal pillar dam accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device, the multi-field information generation unit is matched through simple components, the simulation of the multi-field coupling environment of static load, dynamic load and water immersion can be carried out on the simulated coal mine underground reservoir unit structure, and the experiment environment requirements can be simply and effectively met;
(3) according to the coal pillar dam body accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device, static load, dynamic load and water immersion environment simulation can be operated through intelligent terminal equipment, and the operation is simple and convenient;
(4) according to the coal pillar dam accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device, the information interaction unit acquires information of each parameter under a multi-field coupling environment and sends the information to the visual data processing and analyzing unit, each parameter can be analyzed through the visual data processing and analyzing unit, and finally real-time dynamics of each data generation position is displayed on intelligent terminal equipment or the danger level of each monitored position of the dam is judged according to the set critical parameter and the record is displayed; the data monitoring is comprehensive and accurate, and the data can be effectively analyzed;
(5) according to the coal pillar dam body accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device, the multi-frequency linear vibration motors are arranged in a mode of two rows and five holes, so that when dynamic load environment simulation is carried out, dynamic load environment under geological occurrence conditions of a target mine reservoir and disturbance factors caused by working face mining can be better met, the generated dynamic load influence is more real and uniform, and physical and mechanical characteristic changes of mining surrounding rocks are conveniently and accurately transmitted to corresponding sensors;
(6) the comprehensive experimental device for accumulated damage evolution of the coal pillar dam body is provided with three monitoring layers for arranging the stress sensor, the displacement sensor and the osmotic pressure sensor, and compared with an experimental parameter acquisition device in a traditional experimental device, the comprehensive experimental device for accumulated damage evolution of the coal pillar dam body is formed by the monitoring layers, so that parameters of multiple structural layers in a coal mine underground reservoir unit can be effectively acquired, and the defect that the parameter acquisition has limitation is avoided;
(7) according to the coal pillar dam body accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device, different measuring lines are arranged on each monitoring layer to collect corresponding data, and sensors on the different measuring lines are arranged according to a specific mode, so that errors caused by influence factors are compensated while data are comprehensively received, and the reliability of experiment data and experiment results is further improved;
(8) according to the coal pillar dam accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment method, the start of each module in the multi-field information generation unit is controlled, the multi-field coupling environment is simulated for the coal mine underground reservoir unit structure, the parameter collection of the corresponding position is carried out, the data is output after being processed, the complex coupling environment of the coal pillar dam can be simulated through a simple operation method, and reliable data and results of the experiment are obtained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not limiting on the present invention.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a coal pillar dam accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device;
FIG. 2 shows a left side view of the experimental platform configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a right side view of the experimental platform configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a top plate schematic of the experimental platform configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic bottom plate of the experimental platform configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of a coal mine underground reservoir unit of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a multi-field information generating unit of the present invention;
FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a visualization data processing and analyzing unit of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the positions of monitoring layers of the invention including an aquifer, a water-resisting layer and a coal pillar dam body osmotic pressure-stress-displacement;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the placement of sensors in an aquifer monitoring zone according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement positions of sensors in a water-barrier monitoring layer according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement positions of sensors in a coal pillar dam body osmotic pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer according to the invention;
fig. 13 shows a schematic flow diagram of the dynamic vibration generation module of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. an experimental platform; 10. a top plate; 11. a base plate; 12. a left side plate; 13. a right side plate;
2. a coal mine underground reservoir unit; 20. mining a working face; 21. a gob; 22. a pillar dam body; 23. artificial dam body;
3. a multi-field information generating unit; 30. a static hydraulic pressure application module; 300. a hydraulic jack; 31. a dynamic vibration generation module; 310. a multi-frequency linear vibration motor; 32. a controllable water injection module; 320. an external water injection pipe; 321. an internal water injection pipe; 322. a water valve switch;
4. an information interaction unit; 40. a stress sensor; 41. a displacement sensor; 42. an osmotic pressure sensor; 43. a flow monitoring meter; 44. a panoramic camera; 45. a laser positioning instrument; 46. an infrared imager;
5. a visualized data processing and analyzing unit 50 and a data integrator; 51. a data comparison and judgment module; 52. a three-dimensional real-time display module; 53. a risk evaluation module;
60. an aquifer monitoring layer; 61. a water barrier monitoring layer; 62. and a coal pillar dam body osmotic pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "left," "right," and similar terms in the description and claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms "left," "right," and similar terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one.
Example 1
The coal pillar dam body accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device of this embodiment includes:
the experiment platform 1 is formed by sequentially butting a top plate 10, a left side plate 12, a bottom plate 11 and a right side plate 13;
the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2 is arranged in the experiment platform 1 and simulates the geological environment of a target area;
a multi-field information generating unit 3 which is arranged in the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2 and applies static load, dynamic load and water immersion scenes to the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2;
the information interaction unit 4 is arranged in the experiment platform 1 and is used for collecting and transmitting data information generated in each scene;
and the visual data processing and analyzing unit 5 is in signal connection with the information interaction unit 4, receives the data collected and transmitted by the information interaction unit 4, and displays the data on the intelligent terminal equipment after analysis and processing.
The existing rock body mechanics simulation experiment device is mostly in single-field physical arrangement, can only simulate the environment under a single occasion, has limitation in the acquisition mode of monitoring data, and cannot meet the laboratory experiment requirements of a coal mine underground reservoir under the complex stress and water immersion coupling environment.
As shown in fig. 1, the experiment platform 1 of the embodiment is formed by sequentially butting a top plate 10, a left side plate 12, a bottom plate 11 and a right side plate 13 to form an external environment structure for restraining stress and strain relations between layers of a paved rock mass, and each plate is formed by processing a large-rigidity steel plate, so that the phenomenon that the experiment result is influenced due to mutation of multi-field variable parameters of a rock stratum caused by additional elastic strain energy generated in the experiment platform 1 when the experiment platform 1 applies/removes dynamic and static loads is avoided;
as shown in fig. 6, the structure of the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2 of the present embodiment is a rock mass layer structure laid for simulating the geological environment of the target area, and includes a mining working surface 20, a goaf 21, a pillar dam 22 and an artificial dam 23 generated by simulating the geological environment of the target area, and the structure is that the layer is laid on the bottom plate 11 by lime, cement, fine sand and other materials according to the similar proportion of the coal rock properties, and the underground reservoir structure formed by the mining working surface 20, the goaf 21, the pillar dam 22 and the artificial dam 23 is gradually excavated;
the multi-field information production unit 3 of the embodiment can apply static load and dynamic load water immersion scenes to the simulated coal mine underground reservoir unit 2, can be applied independently, can also be coupled in multiple fields, and aims to restore the complex environment of the target area geology so as to achieve necessary experimental conditions;
the information interaction unit 4 of the embodiment collects experimental information parameters, such as stress information, displacement information, osmotic pressure information and the like, of all places of the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2 after the multi-field information production unit 3 applies the coupling environment, and transmits the collected information;
the visualized data processing and analyzing unit 5 of this embodiment collects the information collected and transmitted by the information interacting unit 4, and processes the information parameters, further, the visualized data processing and analyzing unit 5 is provided with a data integrator 50, a data comparison and judgment module 51, a three-dimensional real-time display module 52 and a risk evaluation module 53, the information transmitted by the information interacting unit 4 is processed by the data integrator 50, critical data of stress, displacement and pressure are set in the data comparison and judgment module 51, and the received stress, displacement and pressure data are compared with the set critical data to judge the limit value of the simulated coupling environment, thereby controlling the output of the multi-field information producing unit in time; the three-dimensional real-time display module 52 can dynamically display various data and sounding positions on the intelligent terminal device in real time, and the data and the sounding positions are divided into blue, yellow, orange and red grades through the risk evaluation module 53, so that positions with high risk degree and high risk occurrence degree are recorded in real time.
Example 2
The integrated experimental apparatus for cumulative damage evolution of pillar dam body in this embodiment is further improved on the basis of embodiment 1, and the multi-field information generating unit 3 includes:
a static hydraulic pressure applying module 30 including hydraulic jacks 300 arranged on the roof 10 for applying a static load to the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2;
the dynamic vibration generation module 31 comprises a multi-frequency linear vibration motor 310 arranged in the pillar dam body 22 and is used for applying dynamic load to the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2;
the controllable water injection module 32 comprises an external water injection pipe 320, an internal water injection pipe 321 and a water valve switch 322, wherein the external water injection pipe 320 is matched with the water valve switch 322 to inject water above the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2, and the internal water injection pipe 321 is matched with the water valve switch 322 to inject water into the goaf 21.
The multi-field information generating unit 3 of the present embodiment can realize simulation of static load, dynamic load and water immersion environment, wherein:
as shown in fig. 4, the hydraulic jacks 300 of the static hydraulic pressure applying module 30 are arranged on the top plate 10 of the experimental platform 1, a plurality of hydraulic jacks 300 are uniformly distributed on the top plate 10, when the static hydraulic pressure applying module is started, the hydraulic jacks 300 apply static load to the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2, further, the static hydraulic pressure applying module 30 further comprises an operation module carried on the intelligent terminal device, and the operation module can control the start and stop of the hydraulic jacks 300 and the magnitude of the applied static load on the intelligent terminal device, as shown in fig. 7;
as shown in fig. 6, the multi-frequency linear vibration motor 310 of the dynamic vibration generating module 31 is disposed on the pillar dam 22, and the multi-frequency linear vibration motor 310 generates vibration waves to apply dynamic load to the pillar dam 22, further, the dynamic vibration generating module 31 further includes an operation module mounted on the intelligent terminal device, and the start/stop and the magnitude of the applied dynamic load of the multi-frequency linear vibration motor 310 can be controlled on the intelligent terminal device through the operation module, as shown in fig. 7, the working principle flow of the multi-frequency linear vibration motor 310 is shown in fig. 13, vibration information is input to the operation module of the intelligent terminal device, after being amplified by an amplifier, the multi-frequency linear vibration motor 310 is driven to start, the transverse waves and the longitudinal waves generated by the multi-frequency linear vibration motor 310 are transmitted to the pillar dam 22, and are collected and output to the visualized data processing and analyzing unit 5 by the information interacting unit 4, after being processed, the data is displayed on the intelligent terminal equipment;
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the external water injection pipe 320 of the controllable water injection module 32 extends into the experiment platform 1 from the top of the left side plate 12 or the right side plate 13 of the experiment platform 1 to inject water above the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2, meanwhile, as shown in fig. 5, the internal water injection pipe 321 extends into the goaf 21 from the back or the front of the experiment platform 1 to inject water into the goaf 21, the water injection environment is simulated by injecting water through the external water injection pipe 320 and the internal water injection pipe 321, further, the controllable water injection module 32 further comprises an operation module mounted on the intelligent terminal device, through the operation module, the start and stop of the valve switch 322 can be controlled on the intelligent terminal device to control the water injection amount outside or inside the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2, as shown in fig. 7, and at the same time, under the control of the valve switch 322, the external water injection pipe 320 and the internal water injection pipe 321 also have a water pumping and draining function, and when the water injection quantity is overlarge or the water immersion environmental parameters need to be adjusted, the water is pumped outside or inside the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2.
Example 3
The comprehensive experimental apparatus for cumulative damage evolution of pillar dam in this embodiment is further improved on the basis of embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, and fig. 6, where the information interaction unit 4 includes:
a stress sensor 40 that receives and transmits stress information;
a displacement sensor 41 that receives and transmits displacement information;
an osmotic pressure sensor 42 that receives and transmits osmotic pressure information;
a flow rate monitor 43 which is provided on the outer water injection pipe 320 and the inner water injection pipe 321 and monitors flow rate information;
a panoramic camera 44 provided above the experiment platform 1;
the laser positioning instrument 45 is arranged on one side of the experiment platform 1;
and the infrared imager 46 is arranged at the other side of the experiment platform 1.
The stress sensor 40, the displacement sensor 41 and the osmotic pressure sensor 42 record corresponding parameter information during multi-field coupling and transmit the parameter information to the visualized data processing and analyzing unit 5, the data comparison and judgment module 51 in the visualized data processing and analyzing unit 5 compares the parameter data with a set critical value, and then the data transmitted by the panoramic camera 44, the laser positioning instrument 45 and the infrared imager 46 are matched, various data and sounding positions are dynamically displayed on the intelligent terminal equipment in real time in the three-dimensional real-time display module 52, and the parameter data of various positions are divided into blue, yellow, orange and red grades according to the comparison result of the data comparison and judgment module 51, and are displayed and recorded by the risk evaluation module 53.
The information interaction unit 4 of this embodiment, through the mutual cooperation of the stress sensor 40, the displacement sensor 41, the osmotic pressure sensor 42, the flow monitor 43, the panoramic camera 44, the laser positioning instrument 45 and the infrared imager 46, can realize the corresponding and linkage acquisition and output of data information transmission of multi-factor effect between rock strata, dam body space and the outside during simulation experiments in different working stages.
Example 4
The coal pillar dam accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device is further improved on the basis of the embodiment 3, and the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2 is provided with three monitoring layers which are horizontally arranged from top to bottom and sequentially comprise a water-bearing layer monitoring layer 60, a water-resisting layer monitoring layer 61 and a coal pillar dam osmotic pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer 62;
a single measuring line is arranged in the middle of the aquifer monitoring layer 60, the plurality of osmotic pressure sensors 42 are arranged on the measuring line, and the arrangement distance between every two adjacent osmotic pressure sensors 42 gradually increases from the middle point of the measuring line to the two ends;
two measuring lines are arranged in the middle of the waterproof layer monitoring layer 61, one measuring line is a seepage pressure measuring line, a plurality of seepage pressure sensors 42 are arranged on the measuring line, and the other measuring line is a displacement measuring line, and a plurality of displacement sensors 41 are arranged on the measuring line; a plurality of osmotic pressure sensors 42 are uniformly distributed on one side of the osmotic pressure measuring line close to the external water injection pipe 320, and the arrangement distance between the adjacent osmotic pressure sensors 42 on one side of the osmotic pressure measuring line far away from the external water injection pipe 320 is gradually increased from the middle point to the two ends of the measuring line; the distance between adjacent displacement sensors 41 on the displacement measuring line gradually increases from the middle point to two ends of the measuring line;
three measuring lines are arranged in the middle of the coal pillar dam seepage pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer 62, and the stress sensor 40, the displacement sensor 41 and the seepage pressure sensor 42 are alternately arranged on each coal pillar dam 22 at each measuring line; the coal pillar dam body osmotic pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer 62 outside the measurement line is also provided with an osmotic pressure sensor 42 which is arranged on the coal pillar dam body 22 far away from the left side plate 12 and the right side plate 13.
The position on each monitoring layer is as shown in fig. 9, and this embodiment has set up three monitoring layers and has set up stress sensor 40, displacement sensor 41 and osmotic pressure sensor 42, compares in the acquisition device of experiment parameter among traditional experimental apparatus, and the monitoring layer of this embodiment constitutes, can effectually gather the parameter of many places structural layer in colliery underground reservoir unit 2, avoids the parameter to acquire the drawback that has the limitation.
Further, the measuring lines and the sensors on the aquifer monitoring layer 60 are arranged as shown in fig. 10 (top view), the measuring lines are arranged along the length direction of the aquifer monitoring layer 60, the distance between adjacent osmometric sensors 41 in the middle of the measuring lines is 20mm, and the distance between adjacent osmometric sensors 41 is sequentially increased to 30mm, 40mm and … along the directions of the two ends of the measuring lines; by the arrangement mode of the osmotic pressure sensor 41, osmotic pressure change data transmitted by each part of the aquifer monitoring layer 60 can be comprehensively and effectively received;
further, the measuring lines and sensors on the water barrier monitoring layer 61 are arranged as shown in fig. 11 (top view), the osmometric pressure measuring lines and the displacement measuring lines are separated by 50mm, wherein a plurality of osmometric pressure sensors 42 are uniformly distributed on one side of the osmometric pressure measuring lines close to the external water injection pipe 320, in the embodiment, the external water injection pipe 320 is positioned at the left side plate 12 and extends into the upper part of the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2 for water injection operation, therefore, the osmometric pressure sensors 42 on the left side of the midpoint of the osmometric pressure measuring lines are uniformly distributed, so that the osmometric pressure data error caused by the water injection operation above the sensors can be compensated, the reliability of experimental data and experimental results is increased, the adjacent distance of the osmometric pressure sensors 42 on the right side of the midpoint of the osmometric pressure measuring lines is arranged in a mode of gradually increasing from the midpoint to the; similarly, the arrangement mode of the displacement sensors 41 on the displacement measuring line refers to the arrangement mode of the osmotic pressure sensors 42 on the measuring line of the aquifer monitoring layer 60, and the arrangement mode can ensure that displacement change data transmitted from each part of the aquifer monitoring layer 61 can be comprehensively and effectively received;
further, the measurement lines and the sensors on the pillar dam osmotic pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer 62 are arranged as shown in fig. 12 (top view), the three measurement lines are separated by 50mm, the stress sensors 40, the displacement sensors 41 and the osmotic pressure sensors 42 are alternately arranged on the pillar dam 22 on each measurement line to comprehensively receive stress, displacement and osmotic pressure change data transmitted from the pillar dam, further, the osmotic pressure sensors 42 are arranged at other positions of the monitoring layer besides the measurement line positions on the two pillar dams 22 close to the two side plates to receive the osmotic pressure data, and since the part of the pillar dam 22 close to the side plates is not subjected to the osmotic pressure effect, the osmotic pressure sensors 42 are arranged at the part far away from the side plates to further comprehensively receive the osmotic pressure data on the pillar dams.
Example 5
The coal pillar dam accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device of the embodiment is further improved on the basis of the embodiments 1-4, and five multi-frequency linear vibration motors 310 are arranged in each coal pillar dam 22 and are arranged on a horizontal plane in a two-row five-hole mode.
The arrangement mode of the multi-frequency linear vibration motor 310 is shown in an enlarged part of fig. 6, and the arrangement mode of two rows of five eyes is the same as the arrangement mode of five points of dice, so that the multi-frequency linear vibration motor 310 arranged in the pillar dam body 22 can better meet the dynamic load environment of a target mine reservoir and disturbance factors caused by working face mining under the geological occurrence condition when dynamic load environment simulation is carried out, the generated dynamic load influence is more real and uniform, and the physical and mechanical characteristic change of the mining surrounding rock is conveniently and accurately transmitted to a corresponding sensor.
Example 6
The coal pillar dam accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device is constructed by the following method:
firstly, the overall size of the experiment platform 1 of this embodiment is length 5.0 mx width 2.0 mx height 2.5m, and according to the target mine coal seam geology occurrence condition and the corresponding overlying strata physical and mechanical parameters, the analog simulation experiment is performed, and the material preparation work in the earlier stage of the simulation experiment is performed: namely modeling materials, proportion and quality requirements used in experiments, such as aggregate, cementing agent, protective agent, river sand, cement, barite powder, talcum powder, vaseline and the like;
secondly, mixing and stirring the simulation materials uniformly according to the proportion;
thirdly, according to the position and the space structure of the target coal mine underground reservoir, after determining a corresponding simulation proportion, completing coal rock body laying work according to the sequence from bottom to top: in the process of laying the coal bed bottom plate, the multi-frequency linear vibration motor 310 is installed at the position of the coal pillar dam 22, that is, as shown in fig. 6, after the multi-frequency linear vibration motor is installed in the longitudinal stratum of the bottom plate of each coal pillar dam 22 according to the scheme of two rows and five eyes, the overlying strata are laid continuously, in the period, the displacement sensor 41, the stress sensor 40 and the osmotic pressure sensor 42 are laid at the corresponding layer according to the pre-designed arrangement scheme of the aquifer monitoring layer 60, the water-resisting layer monitoring layer 61 and the coal pillar dam osmotic pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer 62, and meanwhile, the pipeline arrangement work for simulating the water immersion environment conditions inside and outside the underground reservoir is completed;
a single measuring line is arranged in the middle of the aquifer monitoring layer 60, the plurality of osmotic pressure sensors 42 are arranged on the measuring line, and the arrangement distance between adjacent osmotic pressure sensors 42 gradually increases from the middle point of the measuring line to the two ends;
two measuring lines are arranged in the middle of the waterproof layer monitoring layer 61, one measuring line is a seepage pressure measuring line on which a plurality of seepage pressure sensors 42 are arranged, and the other measuring line is a displacement measuring line on which a plurality of displacement sensors 41 are arranged; a plurality of osmotic pressure sensors 42 are uniformly distributed on one side of the osmotic pressure measuring line close to the external water injection pipe 320, and the arrangement distance between the adjacent osmotic pressure sensors 42 on one side of the osmotic pressure measuring line far away from the external water injection pipe 320 is gradually increased from the middle point to the two ends of the measuring line; the distance between adjacent displacement sensors 41 on the displacement measuring line gradually increases from the middle point to two ends of the measuring line;
three measuring lines are arranged in the middle of the coal pillar dam seepage pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer 62, and the stress sensor 40, the displacement sensor 41 and the seepage pressure sensor 42 are alternately arranged on each coal pillar dam 22 at each measuring line; a seepage pressure sensor 42 is also arranged on the coal pillar dam seepage pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer 62 outside the measuring line and is arranged on the coal pillar dam 22 far away from the left side plate 12 and the right side plate 13;
fourthly, after paving according to the relationship between coal rock layers, connecting the external actual measurement pipelines of the experiment platform 1, including water injection in a water immersion environment, data transmission lines and external systems such as intelligent terminal equipment and a visual data processing and analyzing unit 5, and then periodically performing model maintenance;
after the steps are completed, the static hydraulic applying module 30 is used for controlling the hydraulic jack 300 to form a simulated ground stress state under the geological engineering condition, and the overall working performance of the experiment and the contact condition of each module unit are debugged, wherein the linkage relation among the stress sensor 40, the displacement sensor 41 and the osmotic pressure sensor 43 in the information interaction unit 4 and the simulated ground stress-displacement relation observed by the panoramic camera 44, the laser positioning instrument 45 and the infrared imager 46 in the visual data processing and analyzing unit 5 are focused, and the test requirements of the model visualization step are completed by combining the data comparison and judgment module 51, the three-dimensional real-time display module 52 and the risk evaluation module 53;
sixthly, when the testing state of each unit module of the experimental device is excellent, model excavation work is carried out, the dam body space of the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2 is a member which comprises the excavation working face 20, the goaf 21 and the coal pillar dam body 22, static load pressure is kept during excavation, so that an excavation ring member in the ground stress state is simulated, the reliability of the monitoring result of a subsequent experimental device is improved, and overburden migration and stress-strain characteristics caused in the excavation process are observed according to the panoramic camera 44, the laser positioning instrument 45 and the infrared imager 46 during excavation;
and seventhly, the excavated component artificial dam body 23 is composed of barite powder, lime, waterproof materials and the like and is set according to the thickness and the excavation distance of the simulated coal seam and the structural parameters of the coal pillar dam body 22.
The construction method of the embodiment can simply and conveniently construct the experimental device with the construction position meeting the requirements of the corresponding geological conditions, and the monitoring unit components are reasonably distributed, can simulate a complex coupling environment field in a natural environment to simulate the experimental environment, and can comprehensively monitor the change data of the required experimental parameters.
Example 7
The comprehensive experiment method for accumulated damage evolution of the coal pillar dam body comprises the following steps:
A. multi-field coupling simulation
a1, static load simulation: the method comprises the steps that a static hydraulic pressure applying module 30 is controlled to be started on an operation module of the intelligent terminal device, so that a hydraulic jack 300 applies static load hydraulic pressure to the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2, a controllable water injection module 32 is controlled to be started on the operation module of the intelligent terminal device, an external water injection pipe 320 injects water above the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2, and static load water pressure is applied;
a2, dynamic load simulation: controlling a dynamic vibration generation module 31 to start on an operation module of the intelligent terminal device, so that a multi-frequency linear vibration motor 310 applies dynamic load to the pillar dam body 22;
a3, water immersion simulation: the controllable water injection module 32 is controlled to be started on an operation module of the intelligent terminal device, so that the internal water injection pipe 321 injects water into the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2;
B. information collection
b1, collecting corresponding information by sensors arranged on the aquifer monitoring layer 60, the water-resisting layer monitoring layer 61 and the coal pillar dam body osmotic pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer 62 and transmitting the corresponding information to the visual data processing and analyzing unit 5;
b2, acquiring corresponding information by the panoramic camera 44, the laser positioning instrument 45 and the infrared imager 46 which are arranged outside the coal mine underground reservoir unit 2, and transmitting the corresponding information to the visual data processing and analyzing unit 5;
C. data presentation
The visualized data processing and analyzing unit 5 analyzes the received data and presents the analysis result on the intelligent terminal device.
In the method, the static load simulation environment comprises two parts: static hydraulic loading and static hydraulic pressure loading, wherein the dynamic load simulation environment is that a multi-frequency linear vibration motor 310 completes the dynamic load damage condition of the pillar dam body 22; the water logging environment limits water flow pressure parameters by means of the controllable water injection module 32, the flow monitoring meter 43 is used for communicating step by step and monitoring the water flow pressure states of the external water injection pipe 320 and the internal water injection pipe 321, and if the water pressure condition of the experimental device exceeds the limit, drainage and pressure reduction measures can be taken; data of the pillar dam 22 under the multi-field stress action and the water immersion environment are collected and then output to the data integrator 50, as shown in fig. 8, and then output to the data comparison and judgment module 51, and compared with the critical seepage pressure and seepage range of the pillar dam 22 (or other displacement and stress criteria), then various data and occurrence positions are dynamically displayed on the three-dimensional display module 52 in real time, and the blue, yellow, orange and red grades are divided through the risk evaluation module 53, and positions with high risk and high risk occurrence are recorded in real time.
The examples described herein are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a coal pillar dam body accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experiment device which characterized in that includes:
an experimental platform;
the coal mine underground reservoir unit is arranged in the experiment platform and simulates the geological environment of a target area;
the multi-field information generation unit is arranged in the coal mine underground reservoir unit and applies static load, dynamic load and water immersion scenes to the coal mine underground reservoir unit;
the information interaction unit is arranged in the experiment platform and used for collecting and transmitting data information generated in each scene;
the visual data processing and analyzing unit is in signal connection with the information interaction unit, receives the data collected and transmitted by the information interaction unit, analyzes and processes the data and displays the data on the intelligent terminal equipment;
the experimental platform is formed by sequentially butting a top plate, a left side plate, a bottom plate and a right side plate;
the coal mine underground reservoir unit comprises a mining working face, a goaf, a coal pillar dam body and an artificial dam body, wherein the mining working face, the goaf, the coal pillar dam body and the artificial dam body are generated by simulating the geological environment of a target area;
the information interaction unit comprises:
a stress sensor that receives and transmits stress information;
a displacement sensor that receives and transmits displacement information;
an osmotic pressure sensor that receives and transmits osmotic pressure information;
the flow monitoring meter is arranged on the external water injection pipe and the internal water injection pipe and used for monitoring flow information;
the panoramic camera is arranged above the experiment platform;
the laser positioning instrument is arranged on one side of the experiment platform;
the infrared imager is arranged on the other side of the experiment platform;
the coal mine underground reservoir unit is provided with three monitoring layers which are horizontally arranged from top to bottom, namely a water-bearing layer monitoring layer, a water-resisting layer monitoring layer and a coal pillar dam body osmotic pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer in sequence;
a single measuring line is arranged in the middle of the aquifer monitoring layer, a plurality of osmotic pressure sensors are arranged on the measuring line, and the arrangement distance between adjacent osmotic pressure sensors gradually increases from the middle point to two ends of the measuring line;
two measuring lines are arranged in the middle of the waterproof layer monitoring layer, one measuring line is a seepage pressure measuring line, a plurality of seepage pressure sensors are arranged on the measuring line, and the other measuring line is a displacement measuring line, and a plurality of displacement sensors are arranged on the displacement measuring line; a plurality of osmotic pressure sensors are uniformly distributed on one side of the osmotic pressure measuring line close to the external water injection pipe, and the arrangement distance between adjacent osmotic pressure sensors on one side of the osmotic pressure measuring line far away from the external water injection pipe is gradually increased from the middle point to two ends of the measuring line; the arrangement distance between adjacent displacement sensors on the displacement measuring line gradually increases from the middle point to two ends of the measuring line;
three measuring lines are arranged in the middle of the coal pillar dam body osmotic pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer, and the stress sensor, the displacement sensor and the osmotic pressure sensor are alternately arranged on each coal pillar dam body at each measuring line; and a seepage pressure sensor is also arranged on the coal pillar dam body seepage pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer outside the measuring line and is arranged on the coal pillar dam body far away from the left side plate and the right side plate.
2. The integrated experimental device for cumulative damage evolution of pillar dams according to claim 1, wherein the multi-field information generating unit comprises:
the static hydraulic pressure applying module comprises a hydraulic jack arranged on a top plate and is used for applying static load to the coal mine underground reservoir unit;
the dynamic vibration generation module comprises a multi-frequency linear vibration motor arranged in the pillar dam body and is used for applying dynamic load to the coal mine underground reservoir unit;
the controllable water injection module comprises an external water injection pipe, an internal water injection pipe and a water valve switch, wherein the external water injection pipe is matched with the water valve switch to inject water above the coal mine underground reservoir unit, and the internal water injection pipe is matched with the water valve switch to inject water into the goaf.
3. The integrated experimental device for accumulated damage evolution of coal pillar dam body as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the multi-field information generation unit also comprises an operation module carried on the intelligent terminal equipment and used for controlling the starting and stopping of the static hydraulic pressure application module, the dynamic vibration generation module and the controllable water injection module.
4. The integrated experimental device for accumulated damage evolution of coal pillar dam body as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the external water injection pipe and the internal water injection pipe can perform water pumping action in cooperation with a water valve switch.
5. The integrated experimental device for accumulated damage evolution of coal pillar dam body as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: five multi-frequency linear vibration motors are arranged in each coal pillar dam body and are arranged on a horizontal plane in a mode of two rows and five holes.
6. An experimental method of the coal pillar dam body accumulated damage evolution comprehensive experimental device based on the claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. multi-field coupling simulation
a1, static load simulation: the method comprises the steps that a static hydraulic applying module is controlled to be started on an operation module of the intelligent terminal device, so that a hydraulic jack applies static load hydraulic pressure to a coal mine underground reservoir unit, a controllable water injection module is controlled to be started on the operation module of the intelligent terminal device, an external water injection pipe injects water above the coal mine underground reservoir unit, and static load water pressure is applied;
a2, dynamic load simulation: controlling a dynamic vibration generation module to start on an operation module of the intelligent terminal device, so that a multi-frequency linear vibration motor applies dynamic load to the coal pillar dam body;
a3, water immersion simulation: controlling a controllable water injection module to start on an operation module of the intelligent terminal device, so that an internal water injection pipe injects water into the coal mine underground reservoir unit;
B. information collection
b1, collecting corresponding information by sensors arranged on an aquifer monitoring layer, a water-resisting layer monitoring layer and a coal pillar dam body osmotic pressure-stress-displacement monitoring layer and transmitting the corresponding information to a visual data processing and analyzing unit;
b2, collecting corresponding information by a panoramic camera, a laser positioning instrument and an infrared imager which are arranged outside the coal mine underground reservoir unit and transmitting the corresponding information to a visual data processing and analyzing unit;
C. data presentation
The visual data processing and analyzing unit analyzes the received data and presents the analysis result on the intelligent terminal equipment.
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| CN112903558B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-03-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Seepage pressure monitoring device and method for coal pillar dam body damage area of underground reservoir |
| CN113155200B (en) * | 2021-05-16 | 2022-09-23 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Coal mine underground reservoir coal pillar dam body damage and damage determination device and method |
| CN113640494B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2023-04-07 | 清华大学 | Hydraulic power coupling disaster simulation device and method for underground reservoir of inclined stratum |
| CN113777272B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2024-01-19 | 安徽理工大学 | Multi-field source monitoring and analyzing system for intelligent loading multi-dimensional similarity model test |
| CN113945687B (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2023-06-02 | 华北科技学院(中国煤矿安全技术培训中心) | Physical simulation method for goaf ponding activation mechanism research |
| CN114199491A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-18 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Earthquake-resistant stability test evaluation device, test evaluation method, electronic device, and storage medium |
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