CN110983621B - 一种壳聚糖纤维纱织物的制造方法 - Google Patents

一种壳聚糖纤维纱织物的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN110983621B
CN110983621B CN201911355031.8A CN201911355031A CN110983621B CN 110983621 B CN110983621 B CN 110983621B CN 201911355031 A CN201911355031 A CN 201911355031A CN 110983621 B CN110983621 B CN 110983621B
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倪凯
周应山
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种壳聚糖纤维纱织物的制造方法。该方法包括了如下步骤，第一步，壳聚糖的制备纯化，第二步，筛选出细胞及组织粘附力最强的高纯度壳聚糖分子，第三步，制得壳聚糖纤维，第四步，对壳聚糖纤维进行优化处理，第五步，将处理后的壳聚糖纤维混合，梳理后采用气流沉积成网技术，得壳聚糖纤维纱织物。本发明中可实现纤维径向上强亲水性‑COOH基团的梯度取代，达到超快吸收水分、浓缩血液以使其短时间内血红细胞和血小板大量富集的效果，实现快速、高效的止血的效果。

Description

一种壳聚糖纤维纱织物的制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及医用品制造技术领域，具体涉及一种壳聚糖纤维纱织物的制造方法。
背景技术
目前生产出的医用级壳聚糖分子量偏低，不适合制备纤维，为此，国内外进行了大量的改良研究，制备出了高吸液型的壳聚糖纤维布，然而这些改良壳聚糖纤维布因其取代基团位置不确定或取代度控制问题，在接触血液时易发生脱离出血面、溶解，依然不能体现出理想的止血性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对上述背景技术中存在的不足，提供一种高粘附力和快速吸液型壳聚糖纤维织物的制造方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明一种壳聚糖纤维纱织物的制造方法，采用了如下技术方案：
一种壳聚糖纤维纱织物的制造方法，包括如下步骤，
第一步，壳聚糖的制备纯化，选取脱乙酰度在50～95%、黏均分子量在40～800万的各种市售壳聚糖，将其置于稀醋酸中溶解，在超声波（300W）-复合蛋白酶联合作用下水解，再加入氢氧化钠，之后进行过滤，之后再进行微孔膜加压过滤，再进行超滤，最后进行喷雾干燥技术，制得一定粒子形态的高纯度壳聚糖粉末；
第二步，将第一步得到的高纯度壳聚糖粉末配制成不同的浓度溶液，将溶液覆在两块处理好的小鼠皮肤组织之间，用电子剥离机和持粘仪测试其对于皮肤组织粘附力，筛选出细胞及组织粘附力最强的高纯度壳聚糖分子结构参数；
第三步，将上述筛选的分子结构参数的高纯壳聚糖，配置成不同浓度的纺丝液，选取2种喷丝头形状（圆形、6花瓣形）、2种喷丝头孔径（50μm、100μm），以氢氧化钠/乙醇体系作为凝固浴，在不凝固温度25～60℃、牵伸倍率2～5倍下，得到多种尺寸与形态的壳聚糖纤维；
第四步，将壳聚糖纤维用盐酸/乙醇溶液处理后，得到盐酸化壳聚糖纤维；对壳聚糖纤维采用纤维径向梯度取代技术，将高亲水性基团羧基接枝到特定结构与形态的壳聚糖纤维，将壳聚糖纤维在特定的溶剂条件下反应，得到分子链上接枝羧基基团的羧化壳聚糖纤维；
第五步，将上述盐酸化壳聚糖纤维、羧化壳聚糖纤维，按照不同比例混合，经梳理后采用气流沉积成网技术，得到克重在40～300g/m2、厚度在50μm～5mm的壳聚糖纤维纱织物。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明采用蛋白酶-超声波联合去蛋白技术，配合微滤与超滤技术、喷雾干燥技术，实现了高纯度壳聚糖的纯化制备。
2、本发明中可实现纤维径向上强亲水性-COOH基团的梯度取代，达到超快吸收水分、浓缩血液以使其短时间内血红细胞和血小板大量富集的效果，实现快速、高效的止血的效果。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种壳聚糖纤维纱织物的制造方法，包括如下步骤，
第一步，壳聚糖的制备纯化，选取脱乙酰度在50～95%、黏均分子量在40～800万的各种市售壳聚糖，将其置于浓度为0.5～3%的稀醋酸中溶解，在超声波（300W）-复合蛋白酶联合作用下水解10～40min，再加入氢氧化钠，沉淀后洗涤干燥，采用库马斯亮蓝法测得壳聚糖中残留蛋白质的含量、采用鲎试剂法检测壳聚糖中残留内毒素的含量，若蛋白质含量过高或内毒素含量过高，则继续超声波-蛋白酶联合处理，之后再进行微孔膜加压过滤，收集滤液进行细菌培养计数，若细菌数量过高，则重复微孔膜加压过滤步骤，对加压过滤处理后的壳聚糖醋酸溶液进行超滤，收集滤液，在滤液中加入氢氧化钠，沉淀后洗涤干燥，得粗品，粗品采用热失重法和高效液相法测定壳聚糖的纯度，若纯度过低，则重复超滤步骤，最后进行喷雾干燥技术，制得一定粒子形态的高纯度壳聚糖粉末；
第二步，将第一步得到的高纯度壳聚糖粉末配制成不同的浓度溶液，将溶液覆在两块处理好的小鼠皮肤组织之间，用电子剥离机和持粘仪测试其对于皮肤组织粘附力，筛选出细胞及组织粘附力最强的高纯度壳聚糖分子结构参数；
第三步，将上述筛选的分子结构参数的高纯壳聚糖，配置成不同浓度的纺丝液，选取2种喷丝头形状（圆形、6花瓣形）、2种喷丝头孔径（50μm、100μm），以氢氧化钠/乙醇体系作为凝固浴，在不凝固温度25～60℃、牵伸倍率2～5倍下，得到多种尺寸与形态的壳聚糖纤维，采用扫描电镜观察其纤维形态和尺寸；
第四步，将壳聚糖纤维用盐酸/乙醇溶液处理后，得到盐酸化壳聚糖纤维；对壳聚糖纤维采用纤维径向梯度取代技术，将高亲水性基团羧基接枝到特定结构与形态的壳聚糖纤维，将壳聚糖纤维在特定的溶剂条件下反应，得到分子链上接枝羧基基团的羧化壳聚糖纤维；
第五步，将上述盐酸化壳聚糖纤维、羧化壳聚糖纤维，按照不同比例混合，经梳理后采用气流沉积成网技术，得到克重在40～300g/m2、厚度在50μm～5mm的壳聚糖纤维纱织物。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。

Claims (1)

1.一种壳聚糖纤维纱织物的制造方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤，
第一步，壳聚糖的制备纯化，选取脱乙酰度在50～95%、黏均分子量在40～800万的各种市售壳聚糖，将其置于稀醋酸中溶解，在超声波（300W）-复合蛋白酶联合作用下水解，再加入氢氧化钠，之后进行过滤，之后再进行微孔膜加压过滤，再进行超滤，最后进行喷雾干燥技术，制得一定粒子形态的高纯度壳聚糖粉末；
第二步，将第一步得到的高纯度壳聚糖粉末配制成不同的浓度溶液，将溶液覆在两块处理好的小鼠皮肤组织之间，用电子剥离机和持粘仪测试其对于皮肤组织粘附力，筛选出细胞及组织粘附力最强的高纯度壳聚糖分子结构参数；
第三步，将上述筛选的分子结构参数的高纯壳聚糖，配置成不同浓度的纺丝液，选取2种喷丝头形状（圆形、6花瓣形）、2种喷丝头孔径（50μm、100μm），以氢氧化钠/乙醇体系作为凝固浴，在不凝固温度25～60℃、牵伸倍率2～5倍下，得到多种尺寸与形态的壳聚糖纤维；
第四步，将壳聚糖纤维用盐酸/乙醇溶液处理后，得到盐酸化壳聚糖纤维；对壳聚糖纤维采用纤维径向梯度取代技术，将高亲水性基团羧基接枝到特定结构与形态的壳聚糖纤维，将壳聚糖纤维在特定的溶剂条件下反应，得到分子链上接枝羧基基团的羧化壳聚糖纤维；
第五步，将上述盐酸化壳聚糖纤维、羧化壳聚糖纤维，按照不同比例混合，经梳理后采用气流沉积成网技术，得到克重在40～300g/m2、厚度在50μm～5mm的壳聚糖纤维纱织物。
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CN110384821A (zh) * 2019-08-20 2019-10-29 王文萍 一种医用抗菌敷料及其制备方法

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