CN110982116B - 一种环保无迁移再生胶的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种环保无迁移再生胶的制备方法，采用全胎胶粉载重轮胎全胎胶粉、膨润剂妥尔油、增粘剂木松香、齐聚酯、除味剂纳米蒙脱石片、吸附剂、渗透剂，依照合理的配比、选用我公司自主研发的橡胶复原机系统、严格控制工艺流程，其制备的再生胶无迁移，且经济环保，具有高标准的使用性能、工艺性能和物理机械性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于再生胶技术领域，具体涉及一种环保无迁移再生胶的制备方法。
背景技术
再生胶是废旧橡胶再利用的最主要途径，它是以废旧橡胶制品为原料，经过粉碎、脱硫和精炼工艺过程，生产得到的具有一定可塑度，能重新使用的橡胶材料。我国已成为全球最大的再生胶生产、消费大国，但距再生胶制造强国尚存在一定差距，产量大、档次低，能满足国标和国内外用户环保无迁移要求的产量更低。目前普遍采用传统生产无迁移再生胶的方法，原材料来源及环保再生活化剂选择有局限性，制备的再生胶性能指标很低。
行业内普通全胎再生胶采用煤焦油或重质沥青油作为软化剂，生产出再生胶气味重、18项多环芳香烃总量超300以上，泛蓝、迁移明显，基本无法满足一些接触类橡胶制品和拼色的应用更无法应用于出口产品；类似棉籽油或类似植物油生产的胶片泛蓝及气味也十分明显，且物理性能偏低强力7兆帕以下，伸长率小于240%，无法满足下游客户的使用要求及环保要求。
中国专利CN109232924A公开了一种环保再生胶的制备方法，废弃轮胎粉碎、过筛后与碳酸氢铵溶液进行浸泡、冷冻干燥、蒸汽爆破处理，收集蒸汽爆破物；取水、载体颗粒、葡萄糖、蔗糖、甘油酯、氯化钠、硫酸铵及硝酸钌微波加热、冷却静置、喷雾干燥，收集干燥物；将蒸汽爆破物、干燥物进行混合，挤压，粉碎，收集粉碎物，将粉 碎物、营养液及菌液进行混合，密封培养，过滤，收集滤渣；取滤渣、烯丙基硫醇、无水乙醇、吡啶及添加剂，搅拌混合，经开炼机和精炼机进行精练得环保再生胶，其制备过程复杂，其制备过程中采用烯丙基硫醇、硫酸铵、硝酸钌等各类化工原料，不经济环保，同时所制备的再生胶不具备无迁移性的性能，无法满足下游客户的使用要求及环保要求。
中国专利CN102492168A公开了一种特级再生胶的制备方法，以废旧胎胎面胶为原料，橡胶蒸汽冷却水、固体煤焦油、液体煤焦油、松香为辅料，经过脱硫工序后进行制胶，生产出再生胶气味重、18项多环芳香烃总量超300以上，泛蓝、迁移明显，基本无法满足一些接触类橡胶制品和拼色的应用更无法应用于出口产品。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种环保无迁移再生胶的制备方法，优选原材料、依照合理的配比、选用我公司自主研发的橡胶复原机系统、严格控制工艺流程，所制备的再生胶环保无迁移。
本发明解决上述问题所采用的技术方案为：一种环保无迁移再生胶的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
（1）原材料的筛选以及称量。
（2）将各组分混合，在100~130℃温度下在混合搅拌罐中高速搅拌170~260s。
（3）将步骤（2）得到的混合物在单螺杆挤出脱硫设备于250～300℃温度下进行脱硫，脱硫时间为10min～16min。
（4）脱硫后的胶料在80~90℃进行开炼捏合。
（5）开炼捏合后的胶经过滤后混炼，滤网孔径为30~60目，混炼温度为100~130℃。（6）混炼的胶在50～70℃精炼，下片得再生胶。
其中，步骤（1）中所述原材料为：载重轮胎全胎胶粉、膨润剂妥尔油、增粘剂木松香、齐聚酯、除味剂纳米蒙脱石片、吸附剂、渗透剂。
所述原材料的质量份为：
载重轮胎全胎胶粉 100份
膨润剂 10份
增粘剂 1.5份
齐聚酯 2.5份
除味剂 2.5份
吸附剂 3份
渗透剂 0.1份。
优选的，所述载重轮胎全胎胶粉为26~50目的载重轮胎全胎胶粉。
优选的，所述妥尔油为精制提纯后的妥尔油。
优选的，所述齐聚酯为齐聚酯12-I。
优选的，所述吸附剂为白炭黑。
优选的，所述渗透剂为双戊烯。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
（1）本发明采用精制提纯后的妥尔油，其无酸性气味，未检出18项多环芳香烃，是一种环保及无迁移性的原料；木松香作为增粘剂，纯植物环保，避免脂松香的气味大，且有效改善了生产工艺，尤其在补强方面；齐聚脂有助于提高硫化交联密度，可有效增强胶料的物理机械性能；除味剂纳米蒙脱石片与吸附剂白炭黑进一步吸附轻气味和小分子成分，使之不宜迁出以及迁出氧化泛蓝。
（2）与现有技术相比，本发明不加入活化剂，同时配合复原机脱硫工艺减少了胶料的迁移，环保。
（3）采用本发明的生产配方，制备的环保无迁移再生胶具有高标准的使用性能、工艺性能和物理机械性能。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1
一种环保无迁移再生胶的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
（1）筛选称量100份的40目载重轮胎全胎胶粉，10份妥尔油，1.5份木松香，2.5份齐聚酯12-I，2.5份纳米蒙脱石片，3份白炭黑，0.1份双戊烯。
（2）将步骤（1）各组分混合，在120℃温度下在混合搅拌罐中高速搅拌220s。
（3）将步骤（2）得到的混合物在单螺杆挤出脱硫设备于280℃温度下进行脱硫，脱硫时间为10min。
（4）脱硫后的胶料进行开炼捏合。
（5）开炼捏合后的胶经过滤后混炼，滤网孔径为60目，混炼温度为120℃。
（6）混炼的胶在60℃精炼，下片，得再生胶。
对比例1
与实施例1的区别仅在于：膨润剂选为芳烃油。
对比例2
与实施例1的区别仅在于：除味剂选为JH-100A。
对比例3
一种环保无迁移再生胶的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
（1）筛选称量100份的40目载重轮胎全胎胶粉，10份妥尔油，5.5份木松香，1.5份齐聚酯12-I，4.5份纳米蒙脱石片，1份白炭黑，0.1份双戊烯。
（2）将步骤（1）各组分混合，在120℃温度下在混合搅拌罐中高速搅拌220s。
（3）将步骤（2）得到的混合物在单螺杆挤出脱硫设备于280℃温度下进行脱硫，脱硫时间为10min。
（4）脱硫后的胶料进行开炼捏合。
（5）开炼捏合后的胶经过滤后混炼，滤网孔径为80目，混炼温度为120℃。
（6）混炼的胶在60℃精炼，下片，得再生胶。
实施例与对比例的物理机械性能依据国家标准（GB/T13460--2016）进行测定，性能测试结果如表1所示：
表1 性能测试结果表
| 项目 | 实施例1 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 | 对比例3 |
| 加热减量/% | 0.45 | 0.48 | 0.46 | 0.46 |
| 灰分/% | 8.5 | 8.8 | 8.4 | 8.7 |
| 丙酮抽出物/% | 14.5 | 17.8 | 15.1 | 14.8 |
| 密度/（g/cm³） | 1.187 | 1.198 | 1.186 | 1.130 |
| 门尼粘度ML100℃（1+4） | 64 | 61 | 68 | 68 |
| 拉伸强度/MPa | 9.5 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 9.6 |
| 拉断伸长率/% | 340% | 365% | 341% | 310% |
| 迁移性（喷白漆） | 不变色 | 变黄 | 轻微变色 | 轻微变色 |
除上述实施例外，本发明还包括有其他实施方式，凡采用等同变换或者等效替换方式形成的技术方案，均应落入本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种环保无迁移再生胶的制备方法，其特征在于：具体包括以下步骤：
（1）原材料的筛选以及称量；
（2）将各组分混合，在100~130℃温度下在混合罐中高速搅拌170~260s；
（3）将步骤（2）得到的混合物在单螺杆挤出脱硫设备于250～300℃温度下进行脱硫，脱硫时间为10min～16min，复原制成断硫粉；
（4）断硫粉在80~90℃进行开炼捏合；
（5）开炼捏合后的胶经过滤后混炼，滤网孔径为30~60目，混炼温度为100~130℃；
（6）混炼的胶在50～70℃温度下精炼，下片得再生胶；
其中，步骤（1）中所述原材料为：载重轮胎全胎胶粉100份、膨润剂妥尔油10份、增粘剂木松香1.5份、齐聚酯2.5份、除味剂纳米蒙脱石片2.5份、吸附剂3份、渗透剂0.1份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环保无迁移再生胶的制备方法，其特征在于：所述载重轮胎全胎胶粉为25~50目的载重轮胎全胎胶粉。
3.根据权利要求1所述的环保无迁移再生胶的制备方法，其特征在于：所述妥尔油为精制提纯后的妥尔油。
4.根据权利要求1所述的环保无迁移再生胶的制备方法，其特征在于：所述齐聚酯为齐聚酯12-I。
5.根据权利要求1所述的环保无迁移再生胶的制备方法，其特征在于：所述吸附剂为白炭黑。
6.根据权利要求1所述的环保无迁移再生胶的制备方法，其特征在于：所述渗透剂为双戊烯。
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