CN110982035A - 一种植绒胶用水性聚氨酯及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种植绒胶用水性聚氨酯及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110982035A
CN110982035A CN201911267326.XA CN201911267326A CN110982035A CN 110982035 A CN110982035 A CN 110982035A CN 201911267326 A CN201911267326 A CN 201911267326A CN 110982035 A CN110982035 A CN 110982035A
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刘礼
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SHANGHAI 3N CHEMICALS CO LTD
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种植绒胶用水性聚氨酯及其制备方法，所述水性聚氨酯包含如下组分：异氰酸酯、聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚丙烯酸酯多元醇、小分子扩链剂和水；所述异氰酸酯为4,4'‑二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯或异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯。本发明将聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚丙烯酸酯多元醇熔融混合并抽真空脱水，直至物料的含水量低于400ppm，然后通过预聚、扩链、中和乳化和后扩链制得植绒胶用水性聚氨酯，具有较好的耐水、耐乙醇性能，并同时保持耐磨、耐低温的性能，且具有很好的柔软性。

Description

一种植绒胶用水性聚氨酯及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种聚氨酯及其制备方法，尤其涉及一种植绒胶用水性聚氨酯及其制备方法。
背景技术
植绒胶水通过静电植绒工艺将材料与绒毛进行粘接，可以赋予被植绒材料的表面立体感、颜色鲜艳、手感柔和等特点。随着人们环保意识加强，水性植绒胶开始逐渐替代传统的溶剂型植绒胶。水性植绒胶主要分为水性丙烯酸和水性聚氨酯两类。水性丙烯酸乳液的价格相对便宜，但是水性聚氨酯的耐磨、耐低温柔韧性等性能优于水性丙烯酸乳液。同时水性聚氨酯植绒胶也存在着耐水、耐乙醇不佳的问题，从而限制了水性聚氨酯植绒胶更为广泛的应用。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种植绒胶用水性聚氨酯及其制备方法，具有较好的耐水、耐乙醇性能，并同时保持耐磨、耐低温的性能，且具有很好的柔软性。
本发明为解决上述技术问题而采用的技术方案是提供一种植绒胶用水性聚氨酯，包含如下组分：异氰酸酯、聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚丙烯酸酯多元醇、小分子扩链剂和水。
进一步地，所述异氰酸酯为4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯或异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯，各组分按质量百分比组成如下：
Figure BDA0002313222120000011
Figure BDA0002313222120000021
进一步地，所述异氰酸酯为4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，各组分按质量百分比组成如下：
Figure BDA0002313222120000022
进一步地，所述聚醚多元醇为直链聚醚多元醇，所述聚酯多元醇为直链聚碳酸脂二醇，所述聚丙烯酸酯多元醇为改性的聚丙烯酸酯，含有可与异氰酸反应的羟基或氨基。
进一步地，所述聚醚多元醇为数均分子量在1000-3000之间的聚四氢呋喃二醇，所述聚酯多元醇为数均分子量在1000-3000之间的聚碳酸脂二醇，所述聚丙烯酸酯多元醇为重均分子量在4000-80000之间的聚丙烯酸酯二胺。
进一步地，所述小分子扩链剂为二羟甲基丙酸、二羟甲基丁酸、1，4-丁二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、异佛尔酮二胺和乙二胺中的一种或几种。
本发明为解决上述技术问题还提供一种上述植绒胶用水性聚氨酯的制备方法，包括以下步骤：S1、将聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚丙烯酸酯多元醇熔融混合并抽真空脱水，直至物料的含水量低于400ppm；S2、预聚：将异氰酸酯和脱水的多元醇组分进行反应生成预聚体；S3、扩链：将亲水扩链剂及小分子醇类扩链剂加入预聚体中，进行扩链反应；S4、中和乳化：将预聚体温度降至一定的温度，加入中和剂快速搅拌，中和后将预聚体乳化于水中；S5、后扩链：将胺类扩链剂滴加入乳液中进行后扩链。
进一步地，所述步骤S2中预聚反应温度为70-90℃，反应时间为2-3小时；所述步骤S3中扩链反应温度为70-90℃；反应时间为2-4小时；所述步骤S4中和温度40-60℃，中和时为30-40分钟。
进一步地，所述异氰酸酯为4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯或异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯，所述亲水扩链剂为2,2-二羟甲基丙酸或2,2-二羟甲基丁酸，所述小分子醇类扩链剂为1，4-丁二醇或三羟甲基丙烷，所述胺类扩链剂为异佛尔酮二胺和乙二胺中的一种或几种。
本发明对比现有技术有如下的有益效果：本发明提供的植绒胶用水性聚氨酯及其制备方法，将聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚丙烯酸酯多元醇熔融混合并抽真空脱水，直至物料的含水量低于400ppm，然后通过预聚、扩链、中和乳化和后扩链制得植绒胶用水性聚氨酯，具有较好的耐水、耐乙醇性能，并同时保持耐磨、耐低温的性能，且具有很好的柔软性；有效避免绒毛脱落，提升植绒效果。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。
本发明提供的植绒胶用水性聚氨酯，包含如下组分：4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(HMDI)或异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚丙烯酸酯多元醇、小分子扩链剂和水。
实施例1
Figure BDA0002313222120000031
采取以下工艺制备：
S1、将PTMEG、聚碳酸酯二醇PCD、聚丙烯酸酯多元胺在125℃下熔融混合1.5小时，抽真空脱水2小时，直至物料的含水量低于400ppm；水含量越低越好，有利于预聚体合成的控制；
S2、预聚：将异氰酸酯和脱水的多元醇组分在85℃下反应2小时；
S3、扩链：将DMPA及TMP加入预聚体中，在75℃下扩链反应3小时，至NCO含量接近理论值；
S4、中和乳化：将预聚体温度降至55℃，加入中和剂快速搅拌中和，中和30分钟后将预聚体乳化于水中；
S5、后扩链：将IPDA溶于适量的水中滴加入乳液中进行后扩链。
实施例2
Figure BDA0002313222120000041
采取以下工艺制备：
S1、将聚醚多元醇PPG、PCD、聚丙烯酸酯多元醇在120℃下熔融混合1.5小时，抽真空脱水2小时，直至物料的含水量低于400ppm；
S2、预聚：将异氰酸酯和脱水的多元醇组分在85℃下反应2小时；
S3、扩链：将DMPA及TMP加入预聚体中，在75℃下扩链反应2.5小时，至NCO含量接近理论值；
S4、中和乳化：将预聚体温度降至55℃，加入中和剂快速搅拌中和，中和30分钟后将预聚体乳化于水中；
S5、后扩链：将EA溶于适量的水中滴加入乳液中进行后扩链。
实施例3
Figure BDA0002313222120000042
Figure BDA0002313222120000051
采取以下工艺制备：
S1、将PTMEG、PCD、聚丙烯酸酯多元醇在125℃下熔融混合1.5小时，抽真空脱水2小时，直至物料的含水量低于400ppm；
S2、预聚：将IPDI和脱水的多元醇组分在85℃下反应2小时；
S3、扩链：将DMBA及TMP加入预聚体中，在75℃下扩链反应3小时,直至NCO含量接近理论值；
S4、中和乳化：将预聚体温度降至55℃，加入TEA快速搅拌中和，中和30分钟后将预聚体乳化于水中；
S5、后扩链：将IPDA溶于适量的水中滴加入乳液中进行后扩链。
使用上述的配合成的植绒胶用水性聚氨酯，使用相同的复配配方制成水性植绒胶进行静电植绒，分别测试耐磨、耐水、耐乙醇性能，具体测试方式如下：
干磨：玻璃磨头、负载1Kg、机械往返摩擦15000次，观察是否存在绒毛、见底。
湿磨：去离子水浸泡1小时，玻璃磨头、负载1Kg、机械往返摩擦12000次，观察是否存在绒毛、见底。
耐水：置于80℃水中浸泡5天，金属磨头、负载250g、机械往返摩擦45次，观察是否存在绒毛、见底。
耐乙醇：置于乙醇中浸泡2小时，玻璃磨头、负载25g、机械往返摩擦10次，观察是否有绒毛脱落。
测试结果如下表所示：
试样 干磨 湿磨 耐水 耐乙醇
实施例1 OK OK OK 无
实施例2 OK OK OK 少量绒毛脱落
实施例3 OK OK OK 无
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭示如上，然其并非用以限定本发明，任何本领域技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，当可作些许的修改和完善，因此本发明的保护范围当以权利要求书所界定的为准。

Claims (10)

1.一种植绒胶用水性聚氨酯，其特征在于，包含如下组分：异氰酸酯、聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚丙烯酸酯多元醇、小分子扩链剂和水。
2.如权利要求1所述的植绒胶用水性聚氨酯，其特征在于，所述异氰酸酯为4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯或异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯，各组分按质量百分比组成如下：
Figure FDA0002313222110000011
3.如权利要求2所述的植绒胶用水性聚氨酯，其特征在于，所述异氰酸酯为4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，各组分按质量百分比组成如下：
Figure FDA0002313222110000012
4.如权利要求1所述的植绒胶用水性聚氨酯，其特征在于，所述聚醚多元醇为直链聚醚多元醇，所述聚酯多元醇为直链聚碳酸脂二醇，所述聚丙烯酸酯多元醇为改性的聚丙烯酸酯，含有可与异氰酸反应的羟基或氨基。
5.如权利要求4所述的植绒胶用水性聚氨酯，其特征在于，所述聚醚多元醇为数均分子量在1000-3000之间的聚四氢呋喃二醇，所述聚酯多元醇为数均分子量在1000-3000之间的聚碳酸脂二醇，所述聚丙烯酸酯多元醇为重均分子量在4000-80000之间的聚丙烯酸酯二胺。
6.如权利要求1所述的植绒胶用水性聚氨酯，其特征在于，所述小分子扩链剂为二羟甲基丙酸、二羟甲基丁酸、1，4-丁二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、异佛尔酮二胺和乙二胺中的一种或几种。
7.一种如权利要求1～6任一项所述的植绒胶用水性聚氨酯的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、将聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚丙烯酸酯多元醇熔融混合并抽真空脱水，直至物料的含水量低于400ppm；
S2、预聚：将异氰酸酯和脱水的多元醇组分进行反应生成预聚体；
S3、扩链：将亲水扩链剂及小分子醇类扩链剂加入预聚体中，进行扩链反应；
S4、中和乳化：将预聚体温度降至一定的温度，加入中和剂快速搅拌，中和后将预聚体乳化于水中；
S5、后扩链：将胺类扩链剂滴加入乳液中进行后扩链。
8.如权利要求7所述的植绒胶用水性聚氨酯的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S1在真空度大于0.09MPa下熔融脱水，熔融温度为120-130℃，熔融时间为1-2小时，脱水时间为2-3小时。
9.如权利要求7所述的植绒胶用水性聚氨酯的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S2中预聚反应温度为70-90℃，反应时间为2-3小时；所述步骤S3中扩链反应温度为70-90℃；反应时间为2-4小时；所述步骤S4中和温度40-60℃，中和时为30-40分钟。
10.如权利要求7所述的植绒胶用水性聚氨酯的制备方法，其特征在于，所述异氰酸酯为4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯或异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯，所述亲水扩链剂为2,2-二羟甲基丙酸或2,2-二羟甲基丁酸，所述小分子醇类扩链剂为1，4-丁二醇或三羟甲基丙烷，所述胺类扩链剂为异佛尔酮二胺和乙二胺中的一种或几种。
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