CN110981559A - Continuous feeding and full mixing type biological drying equipment and method without temperature rise period - Google Patents
Continuous feeding and full mixing type biological drying equipment and method without temperature rise period Download PDFInfo
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- CN110981559A CN110981559A CN201911311862.5A CN201911311862A CN110981559A CN 110981559 A CN110981559 A CN 110981559A CN 201911311862 A CN201911311862 A CN 201911311862A CN 110981559 A CN110981559 A CN 110981559A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
- B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
- B01F2101/25—Mixing waste with other ingredients
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Abstract
The invention discloses a continuous feeding and full mixing type biological drying device without a temperature rise period and a method thereof, wherein the device comprises a box body, a stirring screw and an aeration nozzle; the box body adopts a U-shaped reaction bin as a biological drying reaction bin, and a stirring screw and an aeration nozzle are arranged in the box body for turning, stirring and ventilating aeration; the stirring screw adopts a helical blade to avoid plastic winding and stirring dead angles; the anti-blocking design is carried out on the aeration nozzle; the method comprises a starting scheme and an operation scheme, and the microorganisms and the water are reasonably distributed by completely mixing the fresh perishable garbage and the decomposed materials to obtain extremely high microorganism biomass and microorganism activity, so that a long temperature rise period (microorganism growth period) is skipped in the fermentation process, the retention time is shortened, the occupied area is reduced, and the investment cost and the operation and maintenance cost are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a continuous feeding and full mixing type biological drying device and method without a temperature rise period, and belongs to the field of perishable garbage treatment
Background
The cities of Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Shandong, all the countries of China, the east China, are economically developed areas, the total area of the areas is less than seven percent of the total area of the whole country, the population accounts for one fourth of the China, and the crisis of the 'refuse-enclosed city' in the areas with gold inch of soil is increasingly highlighted due to the huge amount of refuse brought by dense population. In the environmental protection suggestion fed back by the central environmental protection supervision group in 2017, the problem of overload of domestic garbage treatment in each province is clearly pointed out, wherein the treatment gap in Shandong province is even as high as 1.5 million tons/day. Under the situation, the garbage classification aiming at the reduction provides a planning agenda of each government. However, a new problem arises, where the perishable waste produced by the waste classification is going out: on one hand, the disposal capacity of a composting fermentation facility is less than 10 percent; on the other hand, too high water content results in a decrease in calorific value of garbage, and it is difficult to directly burn the garbage.
Therefore, the two most direct outlets are respectively facility construction acceleration and perishable garbage drying. The difficulty of the first exit is that the address selection is difficult due to the 'proximity effect', so that the huge processing gap can be gradually filled up only by long-term construction planning. Before this, we needed a transition technology to relieve the pressure in developed areas of the east coast in the future, and the development of biological drying technology in europe over the last 15 years may be a viable approach. Taking Germany as an example, the quantity of perishable garbage subjected to biological drying treatment per year can reach 635 ten thousand tons.
The biological drying technology is a drying treatment technology which utilizes biological heat energy generated by organic matter degradation in a microbial high-temperature aerobic fermentation process and promotes water evaporation by a process control means so as to quickly remove water and improve a low calorific value. Through determination, the moisture content of the perishable garbage after the biological drying treatment can be reduced from 70% to 45%, the weight loss rate can reach 45%, and the low-grade calorific value is increased from 800kcal/kg to 2000 kcal/kg, so that the requirement of the calorific value of the perishable garbage entering a furnace is met.
Aiming at the problems in coastal areas of east China, the biological drying technology has obvious advantages: 1. the applicability is wide, the requirement of biological drying on the purity of the garbage is not high, and even mixed garbage can be treated by using a biological drying technology; 2. the biological drying technology has strong economy, the heat energy source is low-energy-consumption biomass heat, the reduction of the garbage transportation cost is realized by reducing the garbage amount mainly based on water, and the leachate dripping phenomenon in the transportation process is reduced; 3. and the garbage classification and reduction complex is butted, and the urban domestic garbage treatment capacity is improved through source reduction.
However, the traditional biological drying method is mainly a batch treatment method, and the temperature rise of the material and the growth of microorganisms are waited during the treatment process, so that the retention time is difficult to shorten. In addition, the biological drying process still faces the problems of stirring winding and aeration blockage, which not only affects the efficiency of biological drying, but also greatly increases the cost of biological drying.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides continuous feeding and full mixing type biological drying equipment and method without a temperature rise period.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
on one hand, the invention provides a continuous feeding and full mixing type biological drying device without a temperature rise period, which is characterized by comprising a box body, a stirring screw and an aeration nozzle;
a reaction bin for biological drying is arranged in the box body, and the lower part of the cross section of the reaction bin is semicircular;
the stirring screw is arranged in the box body and comprises a supporting shaft, a spiral blade, a blade supporting plate and a scraping plate; the supporting shafts are distributed along the axial direction in the reaction bin, and two ends of each supporting shaft are fixed on the box body; the two blade supporting plates are respectively fixed at two ends of the supporting shaft, and a plurality of helical blades which synchronously rotate along with the supporting shaft are fixed between the two blade supporting plates; each helical blade coaxially winds the outside of the supporting shaft in a helical form, a scraping plate is arranged on the outer arc line of the helical blade along the way, and the scraping plate faces one side of the helical blade in the rotating direction; when the helical blade rotates to the lower part of the reaction bin, the outer arc line of the helical blade is close to but not contacted with the semicircular inner wall of the reaction bin with the scraper, and the helical blade is used for driving materials at the lower part of the reaction bin to turn upwards;
the aeration spray heads are arranged at the bottom of the reaction bin of the box body in a distributed mode and used for aerating the reaction bin.
Preferably, the box body consists of a U-shaped groove, a U-shaped plate, a support frame, a box top and a heat insulation layer;
two sides of the U-shaped groove are respectively sealed by a U-shaped plate, and the top of the U-shaped groove is sealed by a box top to form a reaction bin for biological drying of materials; the lower part of the reaction bin is a semi-cylinder, the upper part of the reaction bin is a cuboid, the lower part of the U-shaped groove is uniformly provided with a plurality of threaded holes, and the bottom of the U-shaped groove is provided with a discharge hole with controllable opening and closing; each U-shaped plate is provided with a round hole for axially fixing a support shaft, and the support shaft is arranged along the axis of a semi-cylinder at the lower part of the reaction bin; the box top is provided with a feeding hole and an air suction opening;
the support frame is used for supporting the U-shaped groove to be suspended; the heat preservation layer wraps the outer wall of the reaction bin.
Preferably, the aeration nozzle comprises a cylindrical pipe, a hook-shaped air passage vent pipe and a base;
the cylindrical pipe is arranged at the lower part of the reaction bin, two ends of the cylindrical pipe are opened, and an air outlet at the top of the cylindrical pipe extends into the reaction bin but the bottom of the cylindrical pipe is positioned outside the box body;
the base is hermetically fixed at the bottom opening of the cylindrical pipe;
the hook-shaped air passage vent pipe bent pipe section is positioned outside the cylindrical pipe and is used for connecting an external aeration pipeline, and the straight pipe section penetrates through a round hole formed in the center of the base in a sealing mode and extends into the cylindrical pipe; the top of the straight pipe section is closed, the side wall is provided with an air outlet, and a space is kept between the side wall and the inner wall of the cylindrical pipe to be used as an air passage channel.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the spiral blade is larger than the outer diameter of the support shaft, and the outer diameter of the spiral blade is slightly smaller than the diameter of a semicircle at the lower part of the reaction bin.
Preferably, the scraper is welded along the externally tangent spiral surface of the spiral blade, and the surface of the scraper is parallel to the externally tangent surface of the spiral blade.
Preferably, the helical blades are fixed at equal angles in the circumferential direction of the support shaft.
Preferably, the aeration nozzle comprises a cylindrical pipe, a hook-shaped air passage vent pipe and a base;
the cylindrical pipe is arranged at the lower part of the reaction bin, two ends of the cylindrical pipe are opened, and an air outlet at the top of the cylindrical pipe extends into the reaction bin but the bottom of the cylindrical pipe is positioned outside the box body;
the base is hermetically fixed at the bottom opening of the cylindrical pipe;
the hook-shaped air passage vent pipe bent pipe section is positioned outside the cylindrical pipe and is used for connecting an external aeration pipeline, and the straight pipe section penetrates through a round hole formed in the center of the base in a sealing mode and extends into the cylindrical pipe; the top of the straight pipe section is closed, the side wall is provided with an air outlet, and a space is kept between the side wall and the inner wall of the cylindrical pipe to be used as an air passage channel.
Preferably, the aeration nozzles are made of metal, and the top ends of the hook-shaped air passage vent pipes are sealed by welding a hemispherical metal cap with the same diameter.
Preferably, the top outer wall surface and the bottom inner wall surface of the cylindrical pipe are both provided with threads; the cylindrical pipe is assembled and connected with the threaded hole at the bottom of the box body through external threads at the top; the base is a circular metal plate, and threads are tapped on the outer side wall of the base and are assembled and connected with the internal threads at the bottom of the cylindrical pipe.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a biological drying method using the biological drying apparatus according to any one of the above aspects, including: a biological drying process starting method and a biological drying process running method;
the biological drying starting method comprises the following steps:
placing decomposed compost products which are several times of the daily treatment capacity of the perishable garbage into the reaction bin; then crushing fresh perishable garbage with daily treatment capacity, and inputting the crushed garbage into the reaction bin through the feed inlet; the materials in the reaction bin are turned and thrown up and down and pushed back and forth through the stirring screw for multiple times every hour, so that the fresh perishable garbage and the decomposed compost products are completely mixed; in the treatment process, the materials are continuously aerated and supplied with oxygen through the aeration nozzle; meanwhile, high-humidity air in the reaction bin is collected through an air suction opening at the top of the box body; when the preset treatment time is reached, outputting the material with half daily treatment capacity from a discharge hole of the reaction bin, and keeping the rest material in the reaction bin;
the operation method of the biological drying process comprises the following steps:
after the fresh perishable garbage with daily treatment capacity is crushed every day, the fresh perishable garbage is input into the reaction bin through the feed inlet; the materials in the reaction bin are turned and thrown up and down and pushed back and forth through the stirring screw for multiple times every hour, so that the fresh perishable garbage and the residual materials are completely mixed; in the treatment process, the materials are continuously aerated and supplied with oxygen through the aeration nozzle; meanwhile, high-humidity air in the reaction bin is collected through an air suction opening at the top of the box body; when the preset treatment time is reached, outputting the material with half of daily treatment capacity from the discharge hole of the reaction bin, and keeping the rest material in the biological drying reaction bin for the next day of treatment.
The U-shaped reaction bin is used as a biological drying reaction bin, a stirring screw and an aeration nozzle are arranged in the U-shaped reaction bin for turning, stirring and ventilating aeration, and the stirring screw adopts a helical blade to avoid plastic winding and stirring dead angles; the aeration nozzle is designed to prevent blockage. The operation method comprises a starting method and an operation method, the fresh perishable garbage and the decomposed materials are completely mixed, the microorganisms and the water are reasonably distributed, the extremely high microorganism amount and the microorganism activity are obtained, the long temperature rise period is skipped in the degradation process, a large amount of degradation heat energy is generated, the retention time is shortened, the occupied area is reduced, and the investment cost and the operation and maintenance cost are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of an embodiment of a fully-mixed continuous-feed biological drying apparatus without a warm-up period according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an overall structure diagram of an embodiment of a continuous-feeding and full-mixing type biological drying apparatus without a temperature rise period (one side of a U-shaped plate is hidden) provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is an overall front sectional view of one embodiment of a continuous feed and full mix type biological drying apparatus without a warming period provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an overall side sectional view of one embodiment of a continuous feed and full mix type biological drying apparatus without a warm-up period according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an overall cross-sectional top view of an embodiment of a continuous feed and complete mixing type biological drying apparatus without a warming period according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a box structure diagram of an embodiment of a continuous-feed full-mixing type biological drying apparatus without a temperature rise period provided by the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front sectional view of a housing of an embodiment of a continuous feed and full mix type biological drying apparatus without a temperature rise period according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a side cross-sectional view of a housing of an embodiment of a continuous feed, full mix, biological drying apparatus of the present invention without a warm-up period;
FIG. 9 is a top sectional view of a housing of an embodiment of a continuous feed and full mix type biological drying apparatus without a warm-up period according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a structural view of a stirring screw of an embodiment of a continuous-feed full-mixing type biological drying apparatus without a temperature rise period provided by the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an aeration nozzle of an embodiment of a continuous-feed full-mixing type biological drying apparatus without a temperature rise period provided by the present invention;
in the figure, 1-box; 2-stirring the spiral; 3-an aeration nozzle; 1.1-U-shaped groove; 1.2-U-shaped plate; 1.3-a support frame; 1.4-the roof of the tank; 1.5-heat insulation layer; 1.6-threaded hole; 1.7-feed inlet; 1.8-suction opening; 1.9-discharge port; 1.10-round hole; 2.1-supporting the shaft; 2.2-helical blades; 2.3-blade support plate; 2.4-scraper; 3.1-cylindrical tube; 3.2-hook type gas path breather pipe; 3.3-base; 3.4-hemispherical metal cap.
Detailed Description
Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present invention based on the gist of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The following describes a continuous feeding and full mixing type biological drying device without a temperature rise period and a method thereof with reference to the attached drawings, wherein the device structure comprises a box body 1, a stirring screw 2 and an aeration nozzle 3, and the device structure comprises a U-shaped groove 1.1, a U-shaped plate 1.2, a support frame 1.3, a box top 1.4, a heat preservation layer 1.5, a threaded hole 1.6, a feeding hole 1.7, an air suction opening 1.8, a discharging opening 1.9, a round hole 1.10, a support shaft 2.1, a spiral blade 2.2, a blade support plate 2.3, a scraper 2.4, a cylindrical pipe 3.1, a hook-shaped air passage vent pipe 3.2, a base 3.3 and a hemispherical metal cap 3.4. The specific structure is described in detail below:
referring to fig. 1 to 5, a continuous feeding and full mixing type biological drying device without a temperature rise period is composed of a box body 1, a stirring screw 2 and an aeration nozzle 3, wherein a biological drying reaction bin takes the box body 1 as a bearing unit and carries out biological drying assistance through the stirring screw 2 and the aeration nozzle 3.
The specific structure of the box body 1 is shown in fig. 6-9 and comprises a U-shaped groove 1.1, a U-shaped plate 1.2, a support frame 1.3, a box top 1.4 and a heat preservation layer 1.5. Wherein the U-shaped groove 1.1 is a groove body with a U-shaped longitudinal section, two sides of the U-shaped groove 1.1 are respectively sealed by a U-shaped plate 1.2, and the top is sealed by a box top 1.4, thus forming a reaction bin for biological drying of materials. Therefore, the whole reaction bin can be seen as being composed of two parts, wherein the lower part is a semi-cylinder, and the upper part is a cuboid. The U-shaped material reaction bin consists of a U-shaped groove, a U-shaped plate and a box top and is used for avoiding dead angles generated when the stirring screw is stirred in the material reaction bin.
A plurality of threaded holes 1.6 are uniformly formed in the bottom surface of the semi-cylinder at the lower part of the U-shaped groove 1.1, and the threaded holes 1.6 are used for installing the aeration nozzle 3. The bottom of the semi-cylinder is provided with a discharge port 1.9, and the discharge port 1.9 is hinged on the shell, so that the opening and closing of the semi-cylinder can be controlled, and the semi-cylinder is closed in a working state and opened and closed during discharging. The top 1.4 of the tank is provided with a feed inlet 1.7 and an extraction opening 1.8 for feeding and extracting high humidity air. The same inlet 1.7 and suction 1.8 can also be arranged in an opening and closing controllable manner. Round holes 1.10 are formed in each U-shaped plate 1.2, and bearings are embedded in the round holes 1.10 and used for axially fixing supporting shafts 2.1 of the stirring screws 2. The shape of the U-shaped plate 1.2 is consistent with the longitudinal section of the U-shaped groove 1.1, the lower part of the U-shaped plate is also semicircular, and the circular hole 1.10 is arranged at the center of the semicircular circle. The support shaft 2.1 is therefore arranged along the axis of the half-cylinder of the lower part of the reaction chamber. The whole box body 1 is supported on the ground through a support frame 1.3, and the U-shaped groove 1.1 is kept suspended. In addition, in order to ensure the temperature of the composting reaction to be controllable, a layer of insulating layer 1.5 is required to be wrapped on the outer wall of the reaction bin. The heat preservation laminating U type groove outer wall plays the heat preservation effect.
The stirring screw 2 is used for stirring the materials in the reaction bin in an all-around and dead-angle-free manner, so that the form of the stirring screw is specially designed for the structure of the reaction bin. As shown in fig. 10, the main body of the stirring screw 2 is installed inside the casing 1, and the stirring screw 2 includes a support shaft 2.1, a screw blade 2.2, a blade support plate 2.3, and a scraper 2.4. Wherein, the support shaft 2.1 is arranged along the axial direction in the reaction bin, and two ends of the support shaft are fixed on the U-shaped plate 1.2 on the box body 1 through a bearing. The two blade supporting plates 2.3 are respectively fixed at two ends of the supporting shaft 2.1. The supporting shaft 2.1 is preferably a stainless steel hollow pipe, and the blade supporting plate 2.3 is preferably a circular stainless steel plate. Two blade supporting plates 2.3 are coaxially arranged at two ends of the supporting shaft 2.1. One end of the supporting shaft 2.1 extends out of the box body 1 and is connected with an external driving motor to form transmission.
3 helical blades 2.2 which synchronously rotate along with the supporting shaft 2.1 are fixed between the two blade supporting plates 2.3, and the three helical blades 2.2 are fixed in the circumferential direction of the supporting shaft 2.1 at equal angles. Two ends of each helical blade 2.2 are respectively welded on the two blade supporting plates 2.3. Each helical blade 2.2 is coaxially wound around the outside of the support shaft 2.1 in a helical form, and the helical blades 2.2 are in a certain twisted state, but the twist angle is preferably less than 90 °. And a scraper 2.4 is arranged on the outer arc line of the spiral blade 2.2 along the way, and the scraper 2.4 starts from the blade supporting plate 2.3 at one side and extends to the blade supporting plate 2.3 at the other side. And the scraper 2.4 is fixed to only one side of the helical blade 2.2, i.e. the side facing the direction of rotation of the helical blade 2.2. Referring to fig. 10, the scraping plate 2.4 in the embodiment is welded along the external tangent spiral surface of the spiral blade 2.2, the width of the scraping plate 2.4 is narrow, and the plate surface is parallel to the external tangent plane of the spiral blade. A right-angle material driving area is formed between the scraping plate 2.4 and the helical blade 2.2, and the scraping plate assists the helical blade to scrape more materials. In addition, the spiral inner diameter of the spiral blade 2.2 is larger than the outer diameter of the support shaft 2.1, and the spiral outer diameter is slightly smaller than the diameter of the semi-cylinder at the lower part of the reaction bin. Therefore, when the helical blade 2.2 rotates to the lower part of the reaction bin, the outer arc line of the helical blade and the scraper 2.4 are close to the semicircular inner wall of the reaction bin but are not in contact with each other, and the helical blade is used for driving materials at the lower part of the reaction bin to turn upwards and throw. And at the moment, the materials in the whole reaction bin can be completely stirred, so that dead angles can not exist, and full mixing and stirring can be effectively realized. In addition, the helical blade can effectively avoid the winding problem of fibrous garbage or plastic bags.
In this biological drying equipment, aeration shower nozzle 3 has a plurality ofly, and the distributing type is installed in the bottom in box 1 reaction storehouse for carry out even aeration to the material in the reaction storehouse, accelerate the mummification process.
As shown in fig. 11, the aeration nozzles 3 in this embodiment are made of metal, and include a cylindrical pipe 3.1, a hook-shaped air passage vent pipe 3.2, and a base 3.3. Wherein, the top outer wall surface and the bottom inner wall surface of the cylindrical pipe 3.1 are both provided with threads. The cylindrical pipe 3.1 is arranged in a threaded hole 1.6 formed in the lower part of the reaction bin of the box body 1 through external threads at the top part, two ends of the cylindrical pipe 3.1 are opened, an air outlet at the top part of the cylindrical pipe extends into the reaction bin, and the bottom part of the cylindrical pipe is positioned outside the box body 1. In order to prevent the cylindrical tube 3.1 from blocking the spiral blade 2.2, the top air outlet of the cylindrical tube 3.1 is as flush with the inner wall of the reaction chamber as possible or extends into the reaction chamber for a small distance. The base 3.3 is a circular metal plate, has a certain thickness, and the lateral wall is tapped with screw thread, can be assembled and connected with the internal thread of the bottom of the cylindrical pipe 3.1 when in use, and seals the bottom opening of the cylindrical pipe 3.1. Adopt threaded connection base, aim at can dismantle the clearance, the prevention material blocks up.
The hook-shaped air passage vent pipe 3.2 consists of a straight pipe section and a bent pipe section, and the internal air passage is hook-shaped. The bent pipe section is positioned outside the cylindrical pipe 3.1 and used for connecting an external aeration pipeline, the straight pipe section penetrates through a round hole formed in the center of the base 3.3 and extends into the cylindrical pipe 3.1, and the straight pipe section and the base 3.3 are sealed. The top of the straight pipe section is closed, and the side wall of the straight pipe section is provided with an air outlet. In this embodiment, the top end of the straight pipe section is sealed by welding a hemispherical metal cap 3.4 of equal diameter. The straight tube section of the hook-shaped gas path vent pipe 3.2 and the cylindrical tube 3.1 are coaxially arranged, and a certain distance is kept between the side wall of the straight tube section and the inner wall of the cylindrical tube 3.1 to be used as a gas path channel. The air that outside aeration pipeline provided can get into the straight tube section through colluding type gas circuit breather pipe 3.2's bend section, then gets into drum pipe 3.1 through the venthole on the lateral wall, and then discharges from drum pipe 3.1 top gas outlet and realize the aeration of material in the reaction bin. It should be noted that the air outlet formed in the side wall of the straight pipe section should have a certain height relative to the upper surface of the base 3.3 to prevent the liquid in the reaction chamber from entering the aeration pipeline.
Preferably, the aeration nozzles are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the U-shaped groove to achieve the effect of uniform aeration.
On the other hand, the invention provides a biological drying method adopting the biological drying equipment, which comprises a biological drying process starting method and a biological drying process running method, wherein the biological drying process starting method is used for quick starting of the device at the early stage, and the biological drying process running method is used for stable running after starting. Preferably, the treatment capacity of the equipment is preferably 0.1-0.5 ton/day, the retention time is preferably 5-7 days, and the moisture content of the material is preferably controlled to be 40-50% so as to control the optimal equipment investment and capacity ratio. Here, the treatment amount of 0.1 ton/day, the retention time of 7 days and the water content were controlled to 45% as examples.
The biological drying starting method comprises the following steps:
1. placing 600kg of compost products which are several times of 45-55% of water content in treatment amount and are close to rotten in a biological drying reaction bin, and aiming at obtaining materials with 45% of water content and higher microbial biomass after simple adjustment;
2. crushing 100kg of fresh perishable garbage, and inputting the crushed garbage into a biological drying reaction bin through a feed inlet (the garbage in the biological drying reaction bin is collectively called as materials);
3. the materials are turned and thrown up and down and pushed to and fro through spiral stirring for many times per hour, and the device is used for completely mixing fresh perishable garbage and compost products in a reaction bin, and mainly aims to:
①, the microorganism obtains a great amount of microorganism in compost products, the degradation process of the fresh perishable garbage skips a heating period (microorganism growth period), and enters a stage of degrading easily degradable organic matters at a high speed in a very short time;
②, microorganisms in the compost product can obtain extremely high water content in the fresh garbage, and the activity reduction of the microorganisms in the compost product caused by too low water content is avoided;
the extremely high microbial biomass and microbial activity can provide a large amount of biodegradation heat release for materials and provide energy guarantee for water evaporation;
4. in the treatment process, the materials are continuously aerated and supplied with oxygen for 24 hours by the aeration nozzle, and the aeration air volume is 50-100m3The biological drying reaction bin can supply oxygen and carry high-humidity air away from the biological drying reaction bin, and is a direct assistance for removing moisture;
5. in the treatment process, high-humidity air in the reaction bin is collected through an air suction opening at the top of the box body, and the high-humidity air in the biological drying reaction bin is taken away in an auxiliary manner;
6. after 24 hours, 50-60kg of materials are output from the discharge hole, and about 600kg of residual materials are remained in the biological drying reaction bin.
The operation method of the biological drying process comprises the following steps:
1. crushing 100kg of fresh perishable garbage every day, and inputting the crushed garbage into a biological drying reaction bin through a feed inlet;
2. the materials are turned and thrown up and down and pushed back and forth repeatedly through spiral stirring for many times per hour, so that the fresh perishable garbage and the residual materials are completely mixed, and the distribution of the microorganisms and the moisture is realized;
3. in the treatment process, the materials are continuously aerated and supplied with oxygen for 24 hours by the aeration nozzle, and the aeration air volume is 50-100m3/h；
4. In the treatment process, collecting high-humidity air in the reaction bin through an air suction opening;
5. after 24 hours, about 50-60kg of materials are output from the discharge hole, and about 600kg of residual materials are kept in the biological drying reaction bin for the next day of treatment.
Preferably, inoculation of the inoculum may be performed in a biodesiccation initiation protocol.
Preferably, the air is preheated to reduce heat loss caused by ventilation.
Preferably, steam condensation and waste heat recovery are carried out on the extraction gas at the suction opening, and the condensate is discharged after being treated to reach the standard.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which should not be construed as limiting the invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scheme obtained by adopting the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A continuous feeding and full mixing type biological drying device without a temperature rise period is characterized by comprising a box body (1), a stirring screw (2) and an aeration nozzle (3);
a reaction bin for biological drying is arranged in the box body (1), and the lower part of the cross section of the reaction bin is semicircular;
the stirring screw (2) is arranged in the box body (1), and the stirring screw (2) comprises a support shaft (2.1), a spiral blade (2.2), a blade support plate (2.3) and a scraper (2.4); the supporting shafts (2.1) are distributed along the axial direction in the reaction bin, and two ends of each supporting shaft are fixed on the box body (1); the two blade supporting plates (2.3) are respectively fixed at two ends of the supporting shaft (2.1), and a plurality of helical blades (2.2) which synchronously rotate along with the supporting shaft (2.1) are fixed between the two blade supporting plates (2.3); each helical blade (2.2) is coaxially wound outside the support shaft (2.1) in a helical form, a scraper (2.4) is arranged on the outer arc line of the helical blade along the way, and the scraper (2.4) faces one side of the helical blade (2.2) in the rotating direction; when the helical blade (2.2) rotates to the lower part of the reaction bin, the outer arc line of the helical blade and the scraper (2.4) are close to the semicircular inner wall of the reaction bin but are not contacted with each other, and the helical blade is used for driving materials at the lower part of the reaction bin to be turned upwards;
the aeration spray heads (3) are arranged at the bottom of the reaction bin of the box body (1) in a distributed mode and used for aerating the reaction bin.
2. The continuous-feeding full-mixing type biological drying equipment without the temperature rise period of claim 1, wherein the box body (1) consists of a U-shaped groove (1.1), a U-shaped plate (1.2), a support frame (1.3), a box top (1.4) and an insulating layer (1.5);
two sides of the U-shaped groove (1.1) are respectively sealed by a U-shaped plate (1.2), and the top of the U-shaped groove is sealed by a box top (1.4) to form a reaction bin for biological drying of materials; the lower part of the reaction bin is a semi-cylinder, the upper part of the reaction bin is a cuboid, a plurality of threaded holes (1.6) are uniformly formed in the lower part of the U-shaped groove (1.1), and a discharge hole (1.9) with controllable opening and closing is formed in the bottom of the U-shaped groove; each U-shaped plate (1.2) is provided with a round hole (1.10) for axially fixing a support shaft (2.1), and the support shafts (2.1) are arranged along the axis of a semi-cylinder at the lower part of the reaction bin; the box top (1.4) is provided with a feed inlet (1.7) and an air suction opening (1.8);
the support frame (1.3) is used for supporting the U-shaped groove (1.1) to be suspended; the heat-insulating layer (1.5) is wrapped on the outer wall of the reaction bin.
3. The continuous feeding and full mixing type biological drying equipment without the temperature rise period of claim 1, wherein the aeration nozzle (3) comprises a cylindrical pipe (3.1), a hook-shaped gas path vent pipe (3.2) and a base (3.3);
the cylindrical pipe (3.1) is arranged at the lower part of the reaction bin, two ends of the cylindrical pipe (3.1) are open, an air outlet at the top of the cylindrical pipe extends into the reaction bin, but the bottom of the cylindrical pipe is positioned outside the box body (1);
the base (3.3) is fixed at the bottom opening of the cylindrical pipe (3.1) through sealing;
the bent pipe section of the hook-shaped gas path vent pipe (3.2) is positioned outside the cylindrical pipe (3.1) and is used for connecting an external aeration pipeline, and the straight pipe section penetrates through a round hole formed in the center of the base (3.3) in a sealing mode and extends into the cylindrical pipe (3.1); the top of the straight pipe section is closed, the side wall is provided with an air outlet, and a space is kept between the side wall and the inner wall of the cylindrical pipe (3.1) to be used as an air passage channel.
4. The continuous-feed full-mixing type biological drying equipment without the temperature rise period of claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the spiral blade (2.2) is larger than the outer diameter of the support shaft (2.1), and the outer diameter of the spiral blade is slightly smaller than the semi-circle diameter of the lower part of the reaction bin.
5. The continuous-feed full-mixing type biological drying equipment without the temperature rise period of claim 1, wherein the scraper (2.4) is welded along the circumscribed spiral surface of the spiral blade (2.2), and the plate surface of the scraper (2.4) is parallel to the tangent surface of the spiral blade.
6. The continuous-feed full-mixing type biological drying equipment without the temperature rise period of claim 1, wherein the spiral blades (2.2) are three in number and fixed at equal angles in the circumferential direction of the support shaft (2.1).
7. The continuous-feeding full-mixing type biological drying equipment without the temperature rise period as set forth in claim 1, wherein the aeration nozzle (3) comprises a cylindrical pipe (3.1), a hook-shaped gas path vent pipe (3.2) and a base (3.3);
the cylindrical pipe (3.1) is arranged at the lower part of the reaction bin, two ends of the cylindrical pipe (3.1) are open, an air outlet at the top of the cylindrical pipe extends into the reaction bin, but the bottom of the cylindrical pipe is positioned outside the box body (1);
the base (3.3) is fixed at the bottom opening of the cylindrical pipe (3.1) through sealing;
the bent pipe section of the hook-shaped gas path vent pipe (3.2) is positioned outside the cylindrical pipe (3.1) and is used for connecting an external aeration pipeline, and the straight pipe section penetrates through a round hole formed in the center of the base (3.3) in a sealing mode and extends into the cylindrical pipe (3.1); the top of the straight pipe section is closed, the side wall is provided with an air outlet, and a space is kept between the side wall and the inner wall of the cylindrical pipe (3.1) to be used as an air passage channel.
8. The continuous feeding and full mixing type biological drying equipment without the temperature rise period as set forth in claim 7, wherein the aeration nozzles (3) are made of metal, and the top end of the hook-shaped air passage vent pipe (3.2) is sealed by welding a hemispherical metal cap (3.4) with the same diameter.
9. The continuous-feed full-mixing type biological drying equipment without the temperature rise period of claim 7, wherein the top outer wall surface and the bottom inner wall surface of the cylindrical pipe (3.1) are both provided with threads; the cylindrical pipe (3.1) is assembled and connected with a threaded hole at the bottom of the box body (1) through an external thread at the top; the base (3.3) is a circular metal plate, the outer side wall of the base is tapped with threads, and the base is assembled and connected with the internal threads at the bottom of the cylindrical pipe (3.1).
10. A bio-drying method using the bio-drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising: a biological drying process starting method and a biological drying process running method;
the biological drying starting method comprises the following steps:
placing decomposed compost products which are several times of the daily treatment capacity of the perishable garbage into the reaction bin; then crushing fresh perishable garbage with daily treatment capacity, and inputting the crushed garbage into the reaction bin through the feed inlet; the materials in the reaction bin are turned and thrown up and down and pushed back and forth through the stirring screw (2) for many times every hour, so that the fresh perishable garbage and the decomposed compost products are completely mixed; in the treatment process, the materials are continuously aerated and supplied with oxygen through the aeration nozzle (3); meanwhile, high-humidity air in the reaction bin is collected through an air suction opening at the top of the box body (1); when the preset treatment time is reached, outputting the material with half daily treatment capacity from a discharge hole of the reaction bin, and keeping the rest material in the reaction bin;
the operation method of the biological drying process comprises the following steps:
after the fresh perishable garbage with daily treatment capacity is crushed every day, the fresh perishable garbage is input into the reaction bin through the feed inlet; the materials in the reaction bin are turned and thrown up and down and pushed back and forth through the stirring screw (2) for many times every hour, so that the fresh perishable garbage and the residual materials are completely mixed; in the treatment process, the materials are continuously aerated and supplied with oxygen through the aeration nozzle (3); meanwhile, high-humidity air in the reaction bin is collected through an air suction opening at the top of the box body (1); when the preset treatment time is reached, outputting the material with half of daily treatment capacity from the discharge hole of the reaction bin, and keeping the rest material in the biological drying reaction bin for the next day of treatment.
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| CN201911311862.5A CN110981559B (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Continuous feeding full-mixing type biological drying equipment and method without heating period |
| PCT/CN2020/122171 WO2021120822A1 (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2020-10-20 | Biological drying device and method having continuous material feeding and full mixing and having no heating period |
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| CN201911311862.5A CN110981559B (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Continuous feeding full-mixing type biological drying equipment and method without heating period |
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| CN110981559B (en) | 2023-10-17 |
| WO2021120822A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
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