CN110978380A - 在塑胶壳体表面制作无缝结合的双层或多层装饰面的工艺 - Google Patents

在塑胶壳体表面制作无缝结合的双层或多层装饰面的工艺 Download PDF

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CN110978380A
CN110978380A CN201911268854.7A CN201911268854A CN110978380A CN 110978380 A CN110978380 A CN 110978380A CN 201911268854 A CN201911268854 A CN 201911268854A CN 110978380 A CN110978380 A CN 110978380A
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sheet
positioning
layer
fabric
plastic
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胡以锦
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Dongguan Haotong Plastic Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C45/14065—Positioning or centering articles in the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/1418—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/1418—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure
    • B29C45/14221—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure by tools, e.g. cutting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14467—Joining articles or parts of a single article
    • B29C45/14508—Joining juxtaposed sheet-like articles, e.g. for making trim panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14688—Coating articles provided with a decoration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14778—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the article consisting of a material with particular properties, e.g. porous, brittle
    • B29C45/14811—Multilayered articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/1418—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure
    • B29C2045/14237—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure the inserts being deformed or preformed outside the mould or mould cavity
    • B29C2045/14245—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure the inserts being deformed or preformed outside the mould or mould cavity using deforming or preforming means outside the mould cavity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14688—Coating articles provided with a decoration
    • B29C2045/14713—Coating articles provided with a decoration decorations in contact with injected material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
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Abstract

本发明涉及塑料加工技术领域，具体为一种在塑胶壳体表面制作无缝结合的双层或多层装饰面的工艺，包括如下步骤：开料，根据需要选取其中一种片材作为底料，其余的片材作为面料；在面料的背面贴合固体热熔胶，并在面料上制作镂空区域，对底料和面料进行切割，并分别在底料和面料的边角冲定位孔；贴合，将底料和面料进行定位贴合，得到复合片材；定位切割，根据最终产品的形状，将复合片材用带有弹性定位柱的刀模进行定位切割，并在复合片材上冲出注塑用定位孔，得到成型片材；模内注塑，将成型片材定位放入注塑模具进行注塑。本发明可显著减少片材拼接处的高低差，最大限度的还原平滑表面，具备生产效率高、品质稳定等优点。

Description

在塑胶壳体表面制作无缝结合的双层或多层装饰面的工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及塑料加工技术领域，具体为在塑胶壳体表面制作无缝结合的双层或多层装饰面的工艺。
背景技术
塑胶产品尤其是注塑产品的应用非常广泛，特别是在装饰领域，例如手机壳、平板电脑保护壳等等。随着人们个性化需求的不断升级，产品设计师们往往为设计具有独特外观的产品以吸引消费者眼球而绞尽脑汁，然而，设计师的想象空间可以无限大，厂商们生产的空间却具有局限性。例如，设计师设计出一款具有拼接撞色效果的外壳，需要在塑胶产品平面或三维表面包覆其他面料(如皮革，布料等)，现有的制作方法是，将面料以人工的方式进行包裹、粘贴、车缝、拼接到注塑产品的外观面，采用现有的制作方法，很难达到理想的效果，存在以下缺点：
1.加工过程主要靠人工，单人生产效率不高；
2.品质不稳定，一致性差，可靠性不佳,如粘合力在高温或低温下以及长时间使用后会衰减；
3.消耗并残留大量不同种类的含有害化学物质的胶水，对于环境保护及人体健康存在较大威胁；
4.存在外观设计的局限性，如通常情况下，只能包裹一种面料，当需要包裹两种及以上片材时，只能先将面料进行胶粘或车线拼接，进一步地，当设计需要呈现大量的孤岛状及精准碎片化的不同颜色/纹理的面料拼接时，会使工艺复杂程度几何级提升，造成大量成本增加；
5.拼接面料时，会造成拼接处较大的凹凸不平或车缝线，影响使用感受，将面料包裹在注塑产品的曲面外观面时，容易产生翘边，起皱，脱胶等问题。
发明内容
(一)解决的技术问题
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种在塑胶壳体表面制作无缝结合的双层或多层装饰面的工艺，可将两种或多种不同的片材同时呈现在同一塑胶壳体的平面或三维外观面，可显著减少片材拼接处的高低差，最大限度的还原平滑表面，具备生产效率高、品质稳定等优点，解决了现有技术中存在的易翘边、起皱、脱胶等问题。
(二)技术方案
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种在塑胶壳体表面制作无缝结合的双层或多层装饰面的工艺，包括如下步骤：
S1、开料：
备好需要在塑胶壳体表面制作装饰面的两种或多种片材，根据需要选取其中一种片材作为底料，其余的片材作为面料；在面料的背面贴合固体热熔胶，并在面料上制作镂空区域，根据最终产品所需的最大外形尺寸对底料和面料进行切割，并分别在底料和面料的边角冲位置对应的定位孔；
S2、贴合：
将底料和面料通过对应的定位治具和热压机进行定位贴合，得到复合片材；
S3、定位切割：根据最终产品的形状，将复合片材用带有弹性定位柱的刀模进行定位切割，并在复合片材上冲出注塑用定位孔，得到成型片材；
S4、模内注塑：
将成型片材进行预定型，将预定型后的成型片材放入注塑模具，通过注塑用定位孔精确定位，整理平整使其大致贴合注塑模具型腔，进行塑胶材料注塑；通过注塑机的高温高压以及注塑模具的塑形，将熔融塑料与成型片材进行无缝结合、挤压、冷却后即塑形成所需的产品，同时将成型片材上的高低差压平，并将整块成型片材完全嵌入到塑胶本体中，最后得到制成品。
优选的，所述成型片材的预定型步骤还包括根据最终产品的形状将成型片材的四边弯折。
优选的，所述成型片材的预定型步骤还包括在成型片材上贴合可热定型基材薄片或薄膜后再进行的热压成型。
优选的，所述片材为人造皮革或真皮或布料或塑胶薄片或塑胶薄膜或金属薄片或印制好的塑胶片材或含有微小型子装饰的片材或前述材料的任意结合。
6.优选的，所述含有微小型子装饰的片材为含有水钻或镍片或干花或彩色亮片的片材。
(三)有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明提供了一种在塑胶壳体表面制作无缝结合的双层或多层装饰面的工艺，具备以下有益效果：
1、采用本发明工艺制成的塑胶壳体产品表面能同时具有两种甚至多种不同面料的特性，可达到理想的拼接撞色效果，并且表面平整无毛刺，同时在生产时切换面料或设计非常灵活，大大丰富了注塑产品表面的设计选择，可显著增加外形设计空间及丰富产品外观美学，尤其是在呈现大量孤岛状及精准碎片化的不同颜色、面料时，具有显著优势；
2、与现有的覆有装饰面料的注塑产品相比，本发明的制成品更经久耐用，可靠性更佳，因为片材是在紧密闭合的精密注塑模具中与熔融的塑料原料在高温高压下无缝结合的；
3、本发明的工艺实施起来简单上手，大部分工作都由机器完成，减少人工使用，可有效提高生产效率，节约生产成本，同时可显著提高片材与注塑件的结合品质以及产品的可靠性；
4、本发明采用环保无毒型的固体热熔胶，实施生产全程无有毒有害物质排放，制成品无有害物质残留，对环境及人体友好；
5、本发明将装饰面与塑胶壳体一体成型，可显著减少片材拼接处的高低差，最大限度的还原平滑表面，有效提升产品质感，同时可有效解决片材包裹在注塑产品的曲面外观面时的翘边、起皱、脱胶等问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的底料结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例的面料结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例的复合片材结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例的成型片材结构示意图。
图中：1、底料；2、面料；3、复合片材；4、成型片材；5、定位孔；6、注塑用定位孔。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本实施例中以制作一款覆有双层PU人造皮革的塑料手机壳为例，包括如下步骤：
S1、开料：
如图1-2所示，备好需要在塑胶壳体表面制作装饰面的两种片材，根据需要选取其中一种片材作为底料1，另一种片材作为面料2；先在面料2的背面贴合环保无毒型的固体热熔胶，并在面料2上制作镂空区域，根据最终产品所需的最大外形尺寸通过高速模切机对底料1和面料2进行切割，并分别在底料1和面料2的边角冲2-6个位置对应的定位孔5。
S2、贴合：
将底料1和面料2通过对应的定位治具和热压机进行定位贴合，得到复合片材3；如图3所示，底料1通过面料2的镂空区域显露出来，此时底料1露出的区域要比面料2露出的区域低一层面料2的厚度。
S3、定位切割：根据最终产品的形状，将复合片材3用带有弹性定位柱的刀模进行定位切割，得到成型片材4,并在复合片材上冲出注塑用定位孔6，如图4所示。
S4、模内注塑：
将成型片材4四边弯折预定型，或在成型片材4上贴合可热定型基材薄片或薄膜，进行热压预定型，将预定型后的成型片材4放入注塑模具，通过注塑定位孔精确定位，整理平整使其大致贴合注塑模具型腔，进行塑胶材料注塑；通过注塑机的高温高压以及注塑模具的塑形，将熔融塑料与成型片材进行无缝结合、挤压、冷却后即塑形成所需的产品，同时将成型片材4上的高低差压平，并将整块成型片材4完全嵌入到塑胶本体中，最后得到制成品。
7.本发明的片材包括但不限于以下材质：人造皮革、真皮、布料、塑胶薄片或薄膜、金属薄片或薄膜、印制好的塑胶片材、含有微小型子装饰(如水钻、镍片、干花、彩色亮片)的片材、以及前述材料的任意结合。
本发明创造性的将两种甚至多种不同的片材进行镂空、切割、贴合而形成丰富的复合片材，并与模内注塑工艺相结合，从而制成了能在同一平面或三维外观面呈现不同视觉或触觉且无缝结合的真实面料的注塑产品，在提高生产效率和产品质量的同时可大大增加产品外观的设计空间。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (5)

1.一种在塑胶壳体表面制作无缝结合的双层或多层装饰面的工艺，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
S1、开料：
备好需要在塑胶壳体表面制作装饰面的两种或多种片材，根据需要选取其中一种片材作为底料，其余的片材作为面料；在面料的背面贴合固体热熔胶，并在面料上制作镂空区域，根据最终产品所需的最大外形尺寸对底料和面料进行切割，并分别在底料和面料的边角冲位置对应的定位孔；
S2、贴合：
将底料和面料通过对应的定位治具和热压机进行定位贴合，得到复合片材；
S3、定位切割：根据最终产品的形状，将复合片材用带有弹性定位柱的刀模进行定位切割，并在复合片材上冲出注塑用定位孔，得到成型片材；
S4、模内注塑：
将成型片材进行预定型，将预定型后的成型片材放入注塑模具，通过定位孔精确定位，整理平整使其大致贴合注塑模具型腔，进行塑胶材料注塑；通过注塑机的高温高压以及注塑模具的塑形，将熔融塑料与成型片材进行无缝结合、挤压、冷却后即塑形成所需的产品，同时将成型片材上的高低差压平，并将整块成型片材完全嵌入到塑胶本体中，最后得到制成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的在塑胶壳体表面制作无缝结合的双层或多层装饰面的工艺，其特征在于：所述成型片材的预定型步骤还包括根据最终产品的形状将成型片材的四边弯折。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的在塑胶壳体表面制作无缝结合的双层或多层装饰面的工艺，其特征在于：所述成型片材的预定型步骤还包括在成型片材上贴合可热定型基材薄片或薄膜后再进行的热压成型。
4.根据权利要求1所述的在塑胶壳体表面制作无缝结合的双层或多层装饰面的工艺，其特征在于：所述片材为人造皮革或真皮或布料或塑胶薄片或塑胶薄膜或金属薄片或印制好的塑胶片材或含有微小型子装饰的片材或前述材料的任意结合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的在塑胶壳体表面制作无缝结合的双层或多层装饰面的工艺，其特征在于：所述含有微小型子装饰的片材为含有水钻或镍片或干花或彩色亮片的片材。
CN201911268854.7A 2019-12-11 2019-12-11 在塑胶壳体表面制作无缝结合的双层或多层装饰面的工艺 Pending CN110978380A (zh)

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