CN110972673B - Slender root-tuber crop harvester - Google Patents
Slender root-tuber crop harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN110972673B CN110972673B CN201911293288.5A CN201911293288A CN110972673B CN 110972673 B CN110972673 B CN 110972673B CN 201911293288 A CN201911293288 A CN 201911293288A CN 110972673 B CN110972673 B CN 110972673B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D17/00—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms
- A01D17/08—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms with shaker type screens
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D17/00—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms
- A01D17/10—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms with smooth conveyor belts, lath bands or rake bands
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- Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a slender root crop harvester, which comprises a frame, wherein a separation device is movably arranged in the frame, and a walking device is movably arranged at the lower part of the frame; the upper part of the separating device is connected with the transmission device and the conveying device, and the lower part of the separating device is connected with the harvesting device through the conveying device; the harvesting device is arranged at the front part of the frame and is positioned below the transmission device. The invention has simple structure, easy operation, high mechanization degree and convenient maintenance, can greatly save manpower, realize the mechanization of crop harvesting, and can ensure higher complete rate of the roots and stems of crops and tidiness of the roots and stems.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a harvester capable of harvesting Saururaceae plants such as houttuynia cordata and harvesting slender root crops such as codonopsis pilosula.
Background
The houttuynia cordata, the salvia miltiorrhiza and other saururus chinensis and other slender root crops such as the codonopsis pilosula and other slender root crops are widely concerned and accepted at home and abroad in recent years due to unique edible and medicinal values, and the planting area of the houttuynia cordata, the salvia miltiorrhiza and other slender root crops is greatly increased. But the agricultural machinery operation area is lower, and the harvesting is still based on manual harvesting by manpower, and is combined with a small amount of harvesters for harvesting. Compared with mechanized harvesting, manual harvesting wastes time and labor, and has high labor intensity and low efficiency.
The complete and tidy rhizome needs to be preserved in the process of harvesting the slender rhizome crops such as houttuynia cordata and the like and codonopsis pilosula and the like, and the mechanical harvesting difficulty is high. At present, the mechanical harvesting of slender rhizome crops such as houttuynia cordata and the like and codonopsis pilosula and the like is still in a starting stage, and the existing harvester can not ensure higher rhizome integrity rate and rhizome tidiness of crops although the crop harvesting is realized. From the current literature data, the existing houttuynia cordata harvester and the machinery for harvesting slender root crops in China have certain defects, influence the root and stem integrity rate of the crops and the tidiness of the crops, and are difficult to popularize in a large scale.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the existing harvester for harvesting the long and thin rhizome crops is few and the harvesting efficiency is low, the invention provides the harvester for the long and thin rhizome crops, which greatly saves the manpower, realizes the mechanization of crop harvesting, and ensures the high rhizome integrity rate and the rhizome tidiness of the crops.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a slender root crop harvester comprises a frame, wherein a separation device is movably arranged in the frame and is used for removing soil from excavated crops; the lower part of the frame is movably provided with a walking device so as to better propel the harvester to move in the field; the upper part of the separating device is connected with a transmission device and a transmission device, the transmission device is connected with the tractor, so that the force and the moment from the tractor can be transmitted to the separating device and the transmission device; the lower part of the separating device is connected with the harvesting device through a conveying device, the harvesting device is used for smoothly digging out crops from soil, and the conveying device transmits the crops dug out by the harvesting device into the separating device; the harvesting device is arranged at the front part of the frame and is positioned below the transmission device.
The separating device comprises a screen, the front part of the screen corresponds to a feeding hole at the front part of the frame, and the rear part of the screen corresponds to a discharging hole at the rear part of the frame, so that crops can enter and exit the screen conveniently; the screen cloth is movably arranged in the frame through a cam mechanism, the cam mechanism is connected with a transmission device and a conveying device, the transmission device drives the screen cloth to vibrate through the cam mechanism, and the transmission device synchronously drives the conveying device to rotate through the cam mechanism.
The cam mechanism comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod and a fourth connecting rod, the lower parts of the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod are movably arranged in the frame, the upper parts of the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod are respectively and movably provided with a first eccentric chain wheel, a first eccentric wheel, a second eccentric wheel and a second eccentric wheel, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are arranged at the front part of the screen, and the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod are arranged at the rear part of; one output end of the transmission device is connected with the first eccentric chain wheel through the second gear shaft, the other output end of the transmission device is connected with the transmission device through the first eccentric wheel, the first eccentric chain wheel is connected with the second eccentric chain wheel through a chain, and the second eccentric chain wheel is connected with the second eccentric wheel through a transmission shaft; and the transmission shaft and the second gear shaft are arranged in parallel so as to facilitate the transmission of force and moment among all mechanisms. The transmission device sequentially transmits the force of the tractor to the eccentric chain wheel II and the eccentric wheel II through the eccentric chain wheel I so as to drive the eccentric chain wheel I, the eccentric chain wheel II and the eccentric wheel II to rotate and synchronously drive the screen to move up and down; the output end of the transmission device is connected with the conveying device through the first eccentric wheel, and the transmission device transmits the force of the tractor to the conveying device through the first eccentric wheel so as to drive the conveying device to rotate.
The lower parts of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are respectively connected with the front part of the rack in a sliding mode through a first sliding plate and a second sliding plate; the lower parts of the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod are respectively connected with the rear part of the frame in a sliding mode through a third sliding plate and a fourth sliding plate. Under the driving of the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod, the first sliding plate, the second sliding plate, the third sliding plate and the fourth sliding plate synchronously move up and down along the inner wall of the rack and synchronously drive the screen to move up and down.
The eccentric distance of the first eccentric chain wheel is larger than that of the second eccentric chain wheel, the eccentric distance of the first eccentric chain wheel is equal to that of the first eccentric wheel, and the eccentric distance of the second eccentric chain wheel is equal to that of the second eccentric wheel, so that the screen can shake and remove soil smoothly and can shake crops backwards synchronously when the screen shakes.
The transmission device comprises a universal joint, the universal joint is arranged at the front part of the rack, one end of the universal joint is connected with the tractor so as to be beneficial to the force transmission of the tractor, and the other end of the universal joint is in transmission connection with the cam mechanism through a transmission gear assembly; the transmission gear assembly is arranged in a gear box of the rack, and the universal joint drives the transmission gear assembly to rotate so as to drive the separating device and the conveying device to synchronously move.
The conveying device comprises a conveying belt, and the conveying belt is used for conveying the harvested crops to the separating device; the conveying belt is arranged below the universal joint, the front part of the conveying belt is matched with the harvesting device so as to be beneficial to the transmission of harvested crops, and the rear part of the conveying belt is matched with the screen through the feeding hole so as to transfer the harvested crops to the screen; the conveying belt is provided with upward inverted triangular patterns to prevent crops on the conveying belt from sliding off, the front part and the rear part of the conveying belt are respectively matched with the first roller and the third roller, and the rotation of the first roller and the third roller synchronously drives the conveying belt to rotate; the first roller and the third roller are respectively connected with two sides of the harvesting device in a rolling manner, and the third roller is connected with the cam mechanism through the power transmission mechanism. The movement of the cam mechanism drives the rotation of the power transmission mechanism, and further drives the movement of the conveyor belt.
The power transmission mechanism comprises a first belt and a second belt, one side of the first belt is connected with the three phases of the roller through a belt pulley, and the other side of the first belt is connected with one side of the second belt through a rotary connecting piece; the other side of the second belt is connected with a cam mechanism; the rotating connecting piece is arranged in the support at the bottom of the feeding hole. The rotation of the cam mechanism drives the second belt to rotate, and the rotation of the second belt drives the first belt to rotate so as to drive the conveying belt to rotate.
The harvesting device comprises a knife rest, a cutting edge is arranged at the front part of the knife rest and used for harvesting crops, the rear part of the knife rest is rotatably connected with the front part of the machine frame, the knife rest is connected with a tractor through a lifting device, the height of the knife rest can be adjusted through adjusting the lifting device, and then the excavating depth of the cutting edge is adjusted.
The lifting device comprises transmission assemblies which are arranged in bilateral symmetry, each transmission assembly comprises a first rotating rod, the front part of each first rotating rod is connected with the tractor, and the rear part of each first rotating rod is connected with the middle part of the corresponding third rotating rod through a first connecting rod; the third rotating rod is arranged below the first rotating rod, the front part of the third rotating rod is connected with the tractor, and the rear part of the third rotating rod is connected with one side of the tool rest through the fifth rotating rod.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1, the soil can be fully removed from the crops through the arrangement of the separation device, so that the higher rhizome integrity rate of the harvested crops and the tidiness of the crops are ensured; 2, the arrangement of the lifting device ensures that the cutting edge has large excavation depth, thereby ensuring higher rhizome integrity rate of the harvested crops; 3, the screen vertically shakes under the action of the eccentric wheel, and synchronously shakes the crops out of the discharge holes, so that the crops can be tidied more neatly; 4, the machine has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, high degree of mechanization, convenient maintenance, suitability for wide popularization, great labor saving and realization of high automation of rhizome crop harvesting.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a general schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the rack.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the centrifugal apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection of the transmission to the gearbox.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the connection of the transfer device to the rear housing.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the attachment of the harvesting device to the rear housing.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the connection between the walking device and the frame.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a separating device, 1-1 is a first connecting rod, 1-1-1 is a first sliding plate, 1-2 is a second connecting rod, 1-2-1 is a second sliding plate, 1-3 is a third connecting rod, 1-3-1 is a third sliding plate, 1-4 is a fourth connecting rod, 1-4-1 is a fourth sliding plate, 1-5 is a first eccentric chain wheel, 1-6 is a first eccentric wheel, 1-7 is a second eccentric wheel, 1-8 is a second eccentric wheel, 1-9 is a transmission shaft, 2 is a transmission device, 2-1 is a first gear, 2-2 is a second gear, 2-3 is a third gear, 2-4 is a fourth gear, 2-5 is a first gear shaft, 2-6 is a second gear shaft, 2-7 is a third gear shaft, 2-8 is a fourth gear shaft, 2-9 is a universal joint, 2-9-1 is a first flange, 2-9-2 is a second flange, 2-10 is a bearing seat, 3 is a frame, 3-1 is a rear shell, 3-1-1 is a first beam, 3-1-2 is a second beam, 3-1-2-1 is a bearing seat A, 3-1-2-2 is a bearing seat B, 3-1-3 is a third beam, 3-1-3-1 is a bearing seat E, 3-1-3-2 is a bearing seat F, 3-1-4 is a fourth beam, 3-1-4-1 is a bearing seat C, 3-1-5 is a fifth beam, 3-1-5-1 is a bearing seat D, and 3-1-6 is a rear shell cover, 3-2 is a gear box, 3-2-1 is a first connecting frame, 3-2-2 is a second connecting frame, 3-2-3 is a first connecting plate, 3-2-4 is a second connecting plate, 3-2-5 is a gear box cover, 3-3 is a fixed frame, 3-3-1 is a connecting beam, 3-3-2 is a bearing seat G, 3-3-3 is a fixed frame cover, 3-4 is a first sliding rail, 3-5 is a second sliding rail, 3-6 is a third sliding rail, 3-7 is a fourth sliding rail, 4 is a conveying device, 4-1 is a conveying belt, 4-2 is a first roller, 4-3 is a second roller, 4-4 is a third roller, 4-5 is a first belt, 4-5-1 is a belt pulley, 4-5-2 is a rotating connecting piece, 4-6 is a second belt, 5 is a harvesting device, 5-1 is a knife rest, 5-2 is a cutting edge, 5-3 is a lifting device, 5-3-1 is a first rotating rod, 5-3-2 is a second rotating rod, 5-3-3 is a third rotating rod, 5-3-4 is a fourth rotating rod, 5-3-5 is a fifth rotating rod, 5-3-6 is a sixth rotating rod, 5-3-7 is a first connecting rod, 5-3-8 is a second connecting rod, 5-3-11 is a first connecting piece, 5-3-12 is a second connecting piece, 5-3-13 is a first connecting pin, 5-3-14 is a second connecting pin, 5-3-15 is a third connecting piece, 5-3-16 is a fourth connecting piece, 5-3-17 is a fifth connecting piece, 6 is a walking device, 6-1 is a first rear wheel, 6-2 is a second rear wheel, and 6-3 is an axle.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
A slender root crop harvester comprises a frame 3, as shown in figure 1, a separation device 1 is movably arranged in the frame 3, and the separation device 1 is used for removing soil from excavated crops so as to realize the tidiness of the crops; the lower part of the frame 3 is movably provided with a walking device 6 so as to better propel the harvester to move in the field; the upper part of the separating device 1 is connected with a transmission device 2 and a transmission device 4, the transmission device 2 is connected with a tractor, so that the force and the moment from the tractor can be transmitted to the separating device 1 and the transmission device 4; the lower part of the separating device 1 is connected with a harvesting device 5 through a conveying device 4, the harvesting device 5 is used for smoothly digging out crops from soil and keeping the integrity of roots and stems of the crops, and the conveying device 4 conveys the crops dug out by the harvesting device 5 to the separating device 1; the harvesting device 5 is arranged at the inclined lower position of the front part of the frame 3 so as to smoothly dig out crops in the advancing process of the harvester, and the harvesting device 5 and the conveying device 4 are both positioned below the transmission device 2 so as to avoid interference with the conveying device 4 when the transmission device 2 is connected with a tractor.
As shown in fig. 2, the frame 3 comprises a rear shell 3-1 and a gear box 3-2, a fixed frame 3-3 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the front part of the rear shell 3-1, and the front part of the fixed frame 3-3 is connected with a tractor; the rear part of the fixed frame 3-3 is fixedly provided with a connecting beam 3-3-1, the connecting beam 3-3-1 is fixedly provided with a bearing seat G3-3-2, and the bearing seat G3-3-2 corresponds to the middle part of the gear box 3-2, so that the front part of the transmission device 2 is connected with a tractor through the bearing seat G3-3-2; the gearbox 3-2 is arranged in the rear shell 3-1, the transmission device 2 is movably arranged in the gearbox 3-2, one side of the gearbox 3-2 is connected with the beam V3-1-5 through the connecting frame I3-2-1 and the connecting plate I3-2-3, and the other side of the gearbox 3-2 is connected with the beam V3-1-4 through the connecting frame II 3-2-2 and the connecting plate II 3-2-4; the first connecting frame 3-2-1 and the second connecting frame 3-2-2 are symmetrically arranged at the front part of the gear box 3-2, and the first connecting plate 3-2-3 and the second connecting plate 3-2-4 are symmetrically arranged at the rear part of the gear box 3-2; the four cross beams 3-1-4 and the five cross beams 3-1-5 are symmetrically arranged on the upper portion of the rear shell 3-1 in parallel, the lower portions of the four cross beams 3-1-4 and the five cross beams 3-1-5 are respectively and symmetrically fixedly provided with a bearing seat C3-1-4-1 and a bearing seat D3-1-5-1, and the bearing seats C3-1-4-1 and the bearing seats D3-1-5-1 correspond to the middle of the gear box 3-2 so as to position the transmission device 2. In this embodiment, the rear case 3-1 is a rectangular parallelepiped rear case.
A second cross beam 3-1-2 and a third cross beam 3-1-3 are respectively arranged below the fourth cross beam 3-1-4 and the fifth cross beam 3-1-5, the second cross beam 3-1-2 and the third cross beam 3-1-3 are respectively and symmetrically and fixedly arranged in the middle of two sides of the rear shell 3-1, the front parts of the second cross beam 3-1-2 and the third cross beam 3-1-3 are respectively and symmetrically and fixedly provided with a bearing seat A3-1-2-1 and a bearing seat E3-1-31, and the rear parts of the second cross beam 3-1-2 and the third cross beam 3-1-3 are respectively and symmetrically and fixedly provided with a bearing seat B3-1-2-2 and a bearing seat F3-1-3-2; the upper part of the separating device 1 is connected with the upper part of the rear shell 3-1 through a bearing seat A3-1-2-1, a bearing seat E3-1-3-1, a bearing seat B3-1-2-2 and a bearing seat F3-1-3-2, the lower part of the separating device 1 is connected with the lower part of the rear shell 3-1 in a sliding manner, and a first cross beam 3-1-1 is arranged below the separating device 1; the first cross beam 3-1-1 is used for supporting the separating device 1, and the first cross beam 3-1-1 is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the lower central axis of the rear shell 3-1; the rear part of the rear shell 3-1 is provided with a discharge hole which is matched with the lower part of the separating device 1 so as to convey the crops treated by the separating device 1 to a tractor; the front part of the rear housing 3-1 is provided with a feed opening which cooperates with the rear part of the conveyor 4 to facilitate the transfer of the crop on the conveyor 4 to the separating apparatus 1.
In order to prevent sundries from falling into the corresponding structure to influence the operation of the harvester, as shown in figure 1, the upper part of the gear box 3-2 is detachably provided with a gear box cover 3-2-5, the upper part of the rear shell 3-1 is detachably provided with a rear shell cover 3-1-6, and the upper part of the fixed frame 3-3 is detachably provided with a fixed frame cover 3-3-3. As shown in fig. 8, the running gear 6 is arranged at the oblique rear of the rear shell 3-1, the running gear 6 comprises a first rear wheel 6-1 and a second rear wheel 6-2, the first rear wheel 6-1 and the second rear wheel 6-2 are respectively movably arranged at two sides of the axle 6-3, and the first rear wheel 6-1 and the second rear wheel 6-2 are connected with the rear shell 3-1 through the axle 6-3, so that a tractor can push the harvester to smoothly advance in the field when harvesting crops.
As shown in fig. 3, the separating device 1 includes screens 1-10, in this embodiment, the screens 1-10 are rectangular screens, and the rectangular screens have uniformly distributed screen holes, so that soil on crops can fall from the screen holes when shaking; the front part of the screen mesh 1-10 corresponds to the feeding hole, and the rear part of the screen mesh 1-10 corresponds to the discharging hole, so that harvested crops can enter and exit the screen mesh 1-10 conveniently; the screen 1-10 is movably arranged in the frame 3 through a cam mechanism, the screen 1-10 is horizontally arranged, and the screen 1-10 is matched with the rear shell 3-1 to prevent crops from falling down between the screen 1-10 and the rear shell 3-1 during screening; the cam mechanism is connected with the transmission device 2 and the conveying device 4, the transmission device 2 drives the screen meshes 1-10 to vibrate through the cam mechanism, and the transmission device 2 synchronously drives the conveying device 4 to rotate through the cam mechanism.
The cam mechanism comprises a first connecting rod 1-1, a second connecting rod 1-2, a third connecting rod 1-3 and a fourth connecting rod 1-4, and the lower parts of the first connecting rod 1-1, the second connecting rod 1-2, the third connecting rod 1-3 and the fourth connecting rod 1-4 are all arranged above the first cross beam 3-1-1; the inner sides of the upper parts of the connecting rod I1-1, the connecting rod II 1-2, the connecting rod III 1-3 and the connecting rod IV 1-4 are respectively provided with an eccentric chain wheel I1-5, an eccentric wheel I1-6, an eccentric chain wheel II 1-7 and an eccentric wheel II 1-8, the connecting rod I1-1 and the connecting rod II 1-2 are symmetrically arranged at the front part of the screen mesh 1-10, the connecting rod III 1-3 and the connecting rod IV 1-4 are symmetrically arranged at the rear part of the screen mesh 1-10, the connecting rod I1-1 corresponds to the connecting rod III 1-3 in front and back, and the connecting rod II 1-2 corresponds to the connecting rod IV 1-4 in front and; one output end of the transmission device 2 is fixedly connected with one end of a gear shaft II 2-6, the other end of the gear shaft II 2-6 sequentially penetrates through a bearing seat C3-1-4-1 and a bearing seat A3-1-2-1 and then is fixedly connected with the middle part of an eccentric chain wheel I1-5, and the other output end of the transmission device 2 is connected with the transmission device 4 through an eccentric wheel I1-6; the eccentric chain wheel I1-5 is connected with the eccentric chain wheel II 1-7 through a chain, the middle part of the eccentric chain wheel II 1-7 is fixedly connected with one end of a transmission shaft 1-9, and the other end of the transmission shaft 1-9 sequentially penetrates through a bearing seat B3-1-2-2 and a bearing seat F3-1-3-2 and then is fixedly connected with the middle part of the eccentric wheel II 1-8. The transmission device 2 sequentially transmits the force of the tractor to an eccentric chain wheel II 1-7 and an eccentric wheel II 1-8 through an eccentric chain wheel I1-5, the transmission device 2 drives the eccentric chain wheel I1-5, the eccentric chain wheel II 1-7, the eccentric wheel I1-6 and the eccentric wheel II 1-8 to rotate, the eccentric chain wheel I1-5, the eccentric chain wheel II 1-7, the eccentric wheel I1-6 and the eccentric wheel II 1-8 rotate to drive a connecting rod I1-1, a connecting rod II 1-2, a connecting rod III 1-3 and a connecting rod IV 1-4 to move up and down in a rear shell 3-1, and synchronously drives a screen mesh 1-10 to move up and down to realize the action of soil removal on crops; the transmission 2 transmits the force of the tractor to the conveyor 4 via the eccentrics one 1-6 to drive the rotation of the conveyor 4. The second gear shaft 2-6 and the transmission shaft 1-9 are arranged in parallel, if the second gear shaft and the transmission shaft are not distributed in parallel, force and torque are transmitted, and after the machine runs for a period of time, the gear shaft or the transmission shaft may be damaged due to overlarge torque borne by the gear shaft or the transmission shaft, so that the normal work of the whole machine is influenced, and the harvesting efficiency is influenced.
The lower parts of the first connecting rod 1-1 and the second connecting rod 1-2 are respectively provided with a first sliding plate 1-1 and a second sliding plate 1-2-1, and the first connecting rod 1-1 and the second connecting rod 1-2 are respectively in sliding connection with a first sliding rail 3-4 and a second sliding rail 3-5 in the front part of the rack 3 through the first sliding plate 1-1 and the second sliding plate 1-2-1; the first sliding rail 3-4 and the second sliding rail 3-5 are vertically fixed on the inner side of the front part of the rear shell 3-1; the lower ends of the connecting rod III 1-3 and the connecting rod IV 1-4 are respectively provided with a sliding plate III 1-3-1 and a sliding plate IV 1-4-1, and the connecting rod III 1-3 and the connecting rod IV 1-4 are respectively connected with a sliding rail III 3-6 and a sliding rail 3-7 at the rear part of the rack 3 in an up-and-down sliding manner through the sliding plate III 1-3-1 and the sliding plate IV 1-4-1; the third sliding rail 3-6 and the third sliding rail 3-7 are vertically and fixedly arranged on the inner side of the rear part of the rear shell 3-1; the inner sides of the sliding plate I1-1-1, the sliding plate II 1-2-1, the sliding plate III 1-3-1 and the sliding plate IV 1-4-1 are correspondingly and fixedly connected with four corners of the screen mesh 1-10. Under the driving of the connecting rod I1-1, the connecting rod II 1-2, the connecting rod III 1-3 and the connecting rod IV 1-4, the sliding plate I1-1, the sliding plate II 1-2-1, the sliding plate III 1-3-1 and the sliding plate IV 1-4-1 respectively move up and down in the rear shell 3-1 along the sliding rail I3-4, the sliding rail II 3-5, the sliding rail III 3-6 and the sliding rail 3-7, and synchronously drive the screen mesh 1-10 to move up and down.
The eccentricity of the eccentric chain wheel I1-5 is larger than the eccentricity of the eccentric chain wheel II 1-7, the eccentricity of the eccentric chain wheel I1-5 is equal to the eccentricity of the eccentric chain wheel I1-6, the eccentricity of the eccentric chain wheel II 1-7 is equal to the eccentricity of the eccentric chain wheel II 1-8, and the function of the eccentric chain wheel is to enable the screen mesh 1-10 to realize shaking operation, so that soil removal of crops is smooth. If the eccentricity of the eccentric wheel I1-6 is smaller than or equal to the eccentricity of the eccentric wheel II 1-8, the screen mesh 1-10 can shake crops forwards and accumulate the crops to the conveying device 4 until the crops are blocked and the machine cannot run normally; or the screen mesh 1-10 can not realize backward shaking and always runs up and down until the whole rear shell 3-1 is piled up, and finally the machine can not run; if the eccentricity of the eccentric chain wheel I1-5 is not equal to the eccentricity of the eccentric wheel I1-6, and the eccentricity of the eccentric chain wheel II 1-7 is not equal to the eccentricity of the eccentric wheel II 1-8, the situation that the screen 1-10 cannot shake out crops backwards normally or a serious random shaking phenomenon occurs.
As shown in fig. 5, the transmission device 2 comprises universal joints 2-9, the universal joints 2-9 are arranged in the fixed frame 3-3, one ends of the universal joints 2-9 are connected with the tractor through flange plates I2-9-1, and the other ends of the universal joints 2-9 are connected with one ends of gear shafts I2-5 through flange plates II 2-9-2; the other end of the first gear shaft 2-5 penetrates through a bearing seat G3-3-2 and then is connected with a second gear shaft 2-6 through a transmission gear assembly; the transmission gear assembly is disposed within the gear box 3-2.
As shown in fig. 4, the transmission gear assembly comprises a gear I2-1, a gear II 2-2 and a gear IV 2-4, and a gear III 2-3, and the gear I2-1 is meshed with the gear III 2-3 through the gear II 2-2 and the gear IV 2-4; the gear I2-1, the gear II 2-2, the gear III 2-3 and the gear IV 2-4 are all positioned in the gear box 3-2, the gear I2-1 and the gear III 2-3 are symmetrically arranged, the gear II 2-2 and the gear IV 2-4 are symmetrically arranged, the middle part of the gear III 2-3 is rotatably connected with the rear part of the gear box 3-2 through a gear shaft III 2-7, the middle part of the gear II 2-2 is fixedly connected with a gear shaft II 2-6, the middle part of the gear IV 2-4 is fixedly connected with one end of a gear shaft IV 2-8, and the other end of the gear shaft IV 2-8 sequentially penetrates through the bearing block D3-1-5-1 and the bearing block E3-1-3-1 and then is fixedly connected with the middle part of the eccentric wheel I1-6. The force and the moment of the tractor are transmitted to corresponding gear shafts through universal joints 2-9 and gears, and then are transmitted successively through eccentric chain wheels 1-5 by gear shafts 2-6, and simultaneously the force and the moment of the tractor are transmitted to the transmission device 4 and the harvesting device 5 through gears four 2-4 and eccentric wheels 1-6, so as to provide power sources for the separation device 1, the transmission device 4 and the harvesting device 5.
As shown in fig. 6, the conveying device 4 comprises a conveyor belt 4-1, the conveyor belt 4-1 is arranged below the fixed frame 3-3, the front part of the conveyor belt 4-1 is matched with the harvesting device 5, and the rear part of the conveyor belt 4-1 corresponds to the feeding hole, so that crops harvested by the harvesting device 5 are conveniently conveyed to the screen mesh 1-10 by the conveyor belt 4-1 for processing; in order to facilitate crops to fall into the screens 1-10, the rear part of the conveyor belt 4-1 is slightly higher than the screens 1-10; the front part and the rear part of the conveyor belt 4-1 are respectively matched with the first roller 4-2 and the third roller 4-4; two sides of the first roller 4-2 and the third roller 4-4 are correspondingly connected with two sides of a knife rest 5-1 of the harvesting device 5 in a rolling manner through bearing blocks 2-10, the correspondingly arranged bearing blocks 2-10 are connected through bearings arranged in the corresponding rollers, and the third roller 4-4 is in transmission connection with the first eccentric wheel 1-6 through a power transmission mechanism. The rotation of the eccentric wheel I1-6 drives the power transmission mechanism to rotate and synchronously drives the roller I4-2 and the roller III 4-4 to roll, and the rotation of the roller I4-2 and the roller III 4-4 drives the conveyor belt 4-1 to synchronously rotate; in order to prevent crops from sinking after being placed on the conveyor belt 4-1, the middle part of the conveyor belt 4-1 is also provided with a second roller 4-3, the first roller 4-2 and the third roller 4-4 rotate synchronously, and the second roller 4-3, the first roller 4-2, the third roller 4-4 and the conveyor belt 4-1 have enough friction force so as to drive the conveyor belt 4-1 to move; in addition, in order to increase the friction between the crops and the conveyor belt 4-1 and facilitate the smooth conveying of the crops to the screen mesh 1-10, the upward 120-degree inverted triangular patterns are uniformly arranged on the conveyor belt 4-1.
The power transmission mechanism comprises a first belt 4-5 and a second belt 4-6, one side of the first belt 4-5 is connected with a third roller 4-4 through a belt pulley 4-5-1, the belt pulley 4-5-1 is fixedly connected with the third roller 4-4, and the other side of the first belt 4-5 is connected with one side of the second belt 4-6 through a rotary connecting piece 4-5-2; the other side of the second belt 4-6 is sleeved on the eccentric wheel 1-6; the rotary connecting piece 4-5-2 is arranged in the support at the bottom of the feeding hole, and the rotary connecting piece 4-5-2 can freely rotate in the support. The rotation of the eccentric wheel I1-6 drives the belt II 4-6 to rotate, the rotation of the belt II 4-6 further drives the belt I4-5 to rotate, the rotation of the belt I4-5 drives the roller III 4-4 to roll, and further drives the conveyor belt 4-1 to roll around the roller I4-2, the roller II 4-3 and the roller III 4-4.
As shown in fig. 7, the harvesting device 5 comprises a knife rest 5-1, the front part of the knife rest 5-1 is provided with a cutting edge 5-2, the cutting edge 5-2 is in a triangular sawtooth shape, the front part of the triangular sawtooth shape has a certain taper, so that crops can be shoveled out of the soil smoothly, and the cutting edge 5-2 is not easy to break; the rear part of the tool rest 5-1 is rotatably connected with the lower part of the feeding hole, the tool rest 5-1 is connected with a tractor through a lifting device 5-3, and the tool rest 5-1 is driven to move by adjusting the lifting device 5-3 so as to realize the adjustment of the soil shoveling thickness of the cutting edge 5-2.
The lifting device 5-3 comprises transmission assemblies which are arranged on two sides of the fixed frame 3-3 in a bilateral symmetry mode, each transmission assembly comprises a rotating rod I5-3-1, the front end of each rotating rod I5-3-1 is connected with the tractor, the rear end of each rotating rod I5-3-1 is connected with the upper end of a connecting rod I5-3-7 through a connecting piece I5-3-11, and the lower end of each connecting rod I5-3-7 is connected with the middle of a rotating rod III 5-3-3 through a connecting pin I5-3-13; the rotating rod III 5-3-3 is arranged below the rotating rod I5-3-1, the front end of the rotating rod III 5-3-3 is connected with a tractor, the rear end of the rotating rod III 5-3-3 is connected with the front end of the rotating rod V5-3-5 through a connecting piece III 5-3-15, and the rear end of the rotating rod V5-3-5 is connected with one side of the tool rest 5-1 through a connecting piece VI; the rotating rod II 5-3-2 and the rotating rod I5-3-1 are arranged in bilateral symmetry, similarly, the front end of the rotating rod II 5-3-2 is connected with a tractor, the rear end of the rotating rod II 5-3-2 is connected with the upper end of the connecting rod II 5-3-8 through a connecting piece II 5-3-12, and the lower end of the connecting rod II 5-3-8 is connected with the middle part of the rotating rod IV 5-3-4 through a connecting pin II 5-3-14; the rotating rod IV 5-3-4 is arranged below the rotating rod II 5-3-2, and the rotating rod III 5-3-3 and the rotating rod IV 5-3-4 are arranged below the fixing frame 3-3 so as to prevent the lifting device 5-3 from interfering with the fixing frame 3-3 in the lifting process; the front end of the rotating rod IV 5-3-4 is connected with a tractor, and the rear end of the rotating rod IV 5-3-4 is connected with the front end of the rotating rod VI 5-3-6 through a connecting piece IV 5-3-16; the rear ends of the rotating rods six 5-3-6 are respectively connected with the other side of the tool rest 5-1 through a connecting piece six.
As shown in figure 9, the force of the tractor is transmitted to the tool rest 5-1 in sequence through the mutual matching of the first rotating rod 5-3-1, the second rotating rod 5-3-2, the third rotating rod 5-3-3, the fourth rotating rod 5-3-4, the fifth rotating rod 5-3-5 and the sixth rotating rod 5-3-6, the height of the tool rest 5-1 is adjusted up and down, and then the excavation thickness of the cutting edge 5-2 is adjusted. In the embodiment, the first connecting piece 5-3-11, the second connecting piece 5-3-12, the third connecting piece 5-3-15, the fourth connecting piece 5-3-16 and the fifth connecting piece 5-3-17 are all composed of nuts and screws; the rotary connecting piece 4-5-2 is a rotary shaft.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A slender root crop harvester comprises a frame (3), and is characterized in that a separation device (1) is movably arranged in the frame (3), and a walking device (6) is movably arranged at the lower part of the frame (3); the upper part of the separating device (1) is connected with the transmission device (2) and the conveying device (4), and the lower part of the separating device (1) is connected with the harvesting device (5) through the conveying device (4); the harvesting device (5) is arranged at the front part of the frame (3), and the harvesting device (5) is positioned below the transmission device (2); the separating device (1) comprises a screen (1-10), the front part of the screen (1-10) corresponds to a feeding hole at the front part of the frame (3), the rear part of the screen (1-10) corresponds to a discharging hole at the rear part of the frame (3), and the screen (1-10) is movably arranged in the frame (3) through a cam mechanism; the cam mechanism is connected with the transmission device (2) and the conveying device (4), the transmission device (2) drives the screen meshes (1-10) to vibrate through the cam mechanism, and the transmission device (2) synchronously drives the conveying device (4) to rotate through the cam mechanism; the cam mechanism comprises a first connecting rod (1-1), a second connecting rod (1-2), a third connecting rod (1-3) and a fourth connecting rod (1-4), the lower parts of the first connecting rod (1-1), the second connecting rod (1-2), the third connecting rod (1-3) and the fourth connecting rod (1-4) are movably arranged in the frame (3), the upper parts of the first connecting rod (1-1), the second connecting rod (1-2), the third connecting rod (1-3) and the fourth connecting rod (1-4) are respectively and movably provided with a first eccentric chain wheel (1-5), a first eccentric wheel (1-6), a second eccentric wheel (1-7) and a second eccentric wheel (1-8), and the first connecting rod (1-1) and the second connecting rod (1-2) are arranged at the front part of the screen mesh (1-10), the connecting rod III (1-3) and the connecting rod IV (1-4) are arranged at the rear part of the screen (1-10); one output end of the transmission device (2) is connected with the eccentric chain wheel I (1-5) through the gear shaft II (2-6), the other output end of the transmission device (2) is connected with the conveying device (4) through the eccentric wheel I (1-6), the eccentric chain wheel I (1-5) is connected with the eccentric chain wheel II (1-7) through a chain, and the eccentric chain wheel II (1-7) is connected with the eccentric wheel II (1-8) through the transmission shaft (1-9); the transmission shafts (1-9) and the second gear shafts (2-6) are arranged in parallel.
2. The elongated rhizome crop harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower parts of the first connecting rod (1-1) and the second connecting rod (1-2) are slidably connected to the front part of the frame (3) by a first sliding plate (1-1-1) and a second sliding plate (1-2-1), respectively; the lower parts of the third connecting rod (1-3) and the fourth connecting rod (1-4) are respectively in sliding connection with the rear part of the rack (3) through the third sliding plate (1-3-1) and the fourth sliding plate (1-4-1).
3. The elongated rhizome crop harvester according to claim 2, wherein the eccentricity of the first eccentric sprocket (1-5) is greater than the eccentricity of the second eccentric sprocket (1-7), and the eccentricity of the first eccentric sprocket (1-5) is equal to the eccentricity of the first eccentric (1-6), and the eccentricity of the second eccentric sprocket (1-7) is equal to the eccentricity of the second eccentric (1-8).
4. The elongated rhizome crop harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission means (2) comprises a universal joint (2-9), the universal joint (2-9) being arranged at the front of the frame (3), one end of the universal joint (2-9) being connected to the tractor, the other end of the universal joint (2-9) being drivingly connected to the cam mechanism via a transmission gear assembly; the transmission gear assembly is arranged in a gear box (3-2) of the stander (3).
5. The elongated rhizome crop harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that the conveyor (4) comprises a conveyor belt (4-1), the conveyor belt (4-1) being arranged below the universal joint (2-9), the front part of the conveyor belt (4-1) cooperating with the harvesting device (5), and the rear part of the conveyor belt (4-1) cooperating with the screen (1-10) through the feed opening; an upward inverted triangular pattern is arranged on the conveyor belt (4-1), and the front part and the rear part of the conveyor belt (4-1) are respectively matched with the first roller (4-2) and the third roller (4-4); the first roller (4-2) and the third roller (4-4) are respectively in rolling connection with two sides of the harvesting device (5), and the third roller (4-4) is in transmission connection with the cam mechanism through a power transmission mechanism.
6. The elongated rhizome crop harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that the power transmission mechanism comprises a first belt (4-5) and a second belt (4-6), one side of the first belt (4-5) being connected to the third drum (4-4) by means of a pulley (4-5-1), the other side of the first belt (4-5) being connected to one side of the second belt (4-6) by means of a rotary connection (4-5-2); the other side of the second belt (4-6) is connected with a cam mechanism; the rotating connecting piece (4-5-2) is arranged in the bracket at the bottom of the feeding hole.
7. The elongated rhizome crop harvester according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the harvesting device (5) comprises a blade carrier (5-1), the front of the blade carrier (5-1) is provided with a cutting edge (5-2), the rear of the blade carrier (5-1) is rotatably connected with the front of the frame (3), and the blade carrier (5-1) is connected with a tractor by means of a lifting device (5-3).
8. The elongated rhizome crop harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that the lifting device (5-3) comprises a transmission assembly arranged in bilateral symmetry, the transmission assembly comprises a first rotating rod (5-3-1), the front part of the first rotating rod (5-3-1) is connected with the tractor, the rear part of the first rotating rod (5-3-1) is connected with the middle part of the third rotating rod (5-3-3) through a first connecting rod (5-3-7); the rotating rod III (5-3-3) is arranged below the rotating rod I (5-3-1), the front part of the rotating rod III (5-3-3) is connected with a tractor, and the rear part of the rotating rod III (5-3-3) is connected with one side of the tool rest (5-1) through the rotating rod V (5-3-5).
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| CN201911293288.5A CN110972673B (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Slender root-tuber crop harvester |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH11196639A (en) * | 1998-01-20 | 1999-07-27 | Yoichiro Taniguchi | Interlocking eccentrically rotating digging up machine |
| KR100723603B1 (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2007-06-04 | 대한민국(관리부서:농촌진흥청) | Tractor attached root-harvester for crops |
| CN202425321U (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-09-12 | 国永站 | Full-automatic harvesting sorter for cyperus |
| CN104584758B (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2016-05-25 | 沈阳师范大学 | A kind of Full-automatic peanut pickup machine |
| CN104996060A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-10-28 | 贵港市嘉特电子科技有限公司 | Water chestnut harvesting method and device |
| CN106576567B (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2019-09-27 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of facility rail mounted rhizome Chinese medicinal crop harvester |
| CN206963356U (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2018-02-06 | 佳木斯市华成机械制造有限公司 | The parallel device of reciprocating vibration of chain drive grid type |
| CN108496516A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-09-07 | 张竞博 | Preposition double ridge sweet potatoes play receipts machine |
| CN110214521A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-10 | 丹阳荣嘉精密机械有限公司 | A kind of loss prevention harvester for potato |
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