CN115088458A - A sweet potato harvesting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a sweet potato harvesting device, includes the frame, and the front end of frame is equipped with digs the potato device, digs the potato device and is connected with the adjusting part who is used for adjusting the degree of depth of burying, digs and is equipped with vibration clear soil device, cleaning plant and conveyor in proper order in the frame of potato device rear side, is equipped with in the frame and clears soil the drive mechanism that device and cleaning plant drive are connected with the vibration. According to the invention, the soil penetration depth of the potato digging device can be adjusted according to the growth condition of sweet potatoes through the adjusting assembly, so that the missing digging rate and the potato damage rate are reduced, and the yield is improved; the cleaning and sorting are completed through the cleaning device, then the sweet potatoes are conveyed from the conveying device, the harvested sweet potatoes are arranged and concentrated, the good potato-soil separation effect can be achieved, and the cleaning rate and the sweet potato rate are improved; the potato-soil separation device has the advantages of strong adaptability, simplicity in operation, low loss rate, high potato rate, high operation efficiency and good potato-soil separation effect, can be matched with large, medium and small tractors, is simple to assemble and convenient to operate, and meets the requirements of users at different levels.

Description

A sweet potato harvesting device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a sweet potato harvesting device.

Background technique

Sweet potato is the main economic crop in my country and an important chemical raw material. Traditional sweet potato harvesting requires a lot of labor, which is labor-intensive and inefficient. With the development of the sweet potato industry, sweet potato harvesting has become an important part of the improvement of the sweet potato industry. At present, my country's rural labor resources are increasingly in short supply, and the use of mechanical harvesting is a necessary way to harvest sweet potatoes. Domestic sweet potato harvesting machines are mostly general-purpose tuber harvesters based on potato harvesters. The machine structure of general-purpose harvesting machines has certain limitations on sweet potato harvesting, such as high loss rate, poor separation effect of potato soil, high harvest cost, and lack of supporting equipment. Sweet potato harvesting machinery is a problem that restricts the development of the sweet potato industry.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the above background technology, and provide a sweet potato harvesting device, which has the advantages of strong adaptability, simple operation, low loss rate, high operation efficiency and good potato soil separation effect. The advantages are that it can be matched with large, medium and small tractors, which is convenient for assembly and meets the needs of users at different levels.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is: a sweet potato harvesting device, comprising a rack, the front end of the rack is provided with a potato digging device, and the potato digging device is connected with an adjustment component for adjusting the depth of the soil. A vibration soil cleaning device, a cleaning device and a conveying device are arranged in the frame on the rear side of the potato digging device in sequence, and the frame is provided with a transmission mechanism drivingly connected with the vibration soil cleaning device and the cleaning device.

Further, the rack includes a three-point suspension, a mounting plate and a side plate, the mounting plate is connected to two bottom ends of the three-point suspension, and both ends of the mounting plate are provided with side plates.

Further, the front end of the side plate is wedge-shaped and extends obliquely forward in a direction from top to bottom.

Further, the potato digging device includes a positioning plate arranged between the bottom ends of the front portions of the two side plates, and a bar-shaped shovel is fixed and installed on the positioning plate through bolts.

Further, the bar-shaped shovel is inclined and extended forward in a direction from top to bottom, and the horizontal included angle of the bar-shaped shovel is 30°.

Further, the adjustment assembly includes a connecting plate and an adjusting plate for adjusting the inclination angle of the three-point suspension in the vertical direction, and the connecting plate and the adjusting plate are respectively provided at the top and bottom ends of the three-point suspension.

Further, the vibrating soil clearing device comprises a vibrating screen and a vibrating shaft, the vibrating shaft runs through the two side plates on the rear side of the potato digging device, and the transmission mechanism is connected with the vibrating shaft and drives the vibrating shaft to rotate back and forth, The vibrating screen includes a plurality of screen teeth distributed on the vibrating shaft at intervals, the vibrating shaft is arranged close to the potato digging device, the screen teeth are extended and arranged toward the cleaning device, and the screen teeth are close to the end of the cleaning device. Bent.

Further, the cleaning device includes a plurality of cleaning rollers arranged in sequence and parallel to the rear side of the vibrating soil cleaning device, the cleaning rollers include rollers, and the rollers are provided with multiple groups of winding axes arranged at intervals. Each tooth group includes a plurality of roller teeth arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the roller. The roller teeth of the cleaning roller close to the vibrating soil cleaning device are staggered from the screen teeth. The rollers of two adjacent cleaning rollers The teeth are staggered.

Further, the transmission mechanism includes a reducer, a sprocket connected to the reducer, a crank rocker mechanism and a cleaning roller connected to the sprocket, the crank rocker mechanism is connected to the vibration shaft, and the reducer is set. Suspended at three points with protective cover.

Further, the crank-rocker mechanism includes an eccentric, a long rocker, a connecting shaft and a rocker, the eccentric is connected to the reducer, the long rocker is hinged on the eccentric, and the long rocker is connected to the eccentric through the connecting shaft. The rocking block is hinged, and the rocking block is connected with the vibration shaft.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects as follows: through the adjustment component, the depth of the digging device can be adjusted according to the growth of the sweet potato, so as to achieve a good digging effect of the sweet potato, reduce the rate of missed digging and the rate of injury to the potato, and improve the harvest rate; The cleaning device driven by the transmission mechanism completes the crushing and cleaning, and then completes the operation of conveying sweet potatoes through the simultaneous movement of the subsequent cleaning rollers. It has the advantages of strong adaptability, simple operation, low loss rate, high clear potato rate, high operation efficiency, and good potato-soil separation effect. It can be matched with large, medium and small tractors, and the assembly is simple. It is easy to operate and meets the needs of users at different levels.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are For some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is the first axonometric structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the second axonometric structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of cleaning device;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrating soil cleaning device.

In the drawings: 1. Frame; 11. Protective cover; 12. Three-point suspension; 13. Mounting plate; 14. Side plate; 2. Cleaning device; 21. Cleaning roller; 22. Roller teeth; 23. Roller Drum; 3. Vibrating soil cleaning device; 31. Vibrating screen; 32. Vibrating shaft; 4. Adjusting assembly; 41. Connecting plate; 42. Adjusting plate; 5. Crank rocker mechanism; 51. Eccentric wheel; 52. Long shake Rod; 53, connecting shaft; 54, rocking block; 6, potato digging device; 61, positioning plate; 62, bar shovel; 63, bolt.

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments of the specification, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or can be prepared by existing methods.

Example: As shown in Figures 1-4, a sweet potato harvesting device includes a rack 1, the front end of the rack 1 is provided with a potato digging device 6, and the potato digging device 6 is connected with an adjustment component 4 for adjusting the depth of the soil, The rack 1 on the rear side of the potato digging device 6 is provided with a vibrating soil cleaning device 3, a cleaning device 2 and a conveying device in sequence, and the rack 1 is provided with a transmission mechanism that is drivingly connected with the vibrating soil cleaning device 3 and the cleaning device 2. . Through the adjustment component 4, the depth of the digging device 6 can be adjusted according to the growth of the sweet potato, so as to achieve a good digging effect of sweet potatoes, reduce the rate of missed digging and the rate of damaged potatoes, and improve the harvest rate; Device 3 and cleaning device 2 complete the operations of crushing soil and conveying sweet potatoes. The sweet potatoes after harvesting are arranged in a concentrated manner, which can achieve a good separation effect of potato soil, improve the cleaning rate and clear potato rate, and achieve good harvesting efficiency; it has adaptability It has the advantages of strong, simple operation, low loss rate, high potato clearing rate, high operating efficiency, and good potato soil separation effect.

The rack 1 includes a three-point suspension 12 , a mounting plate 13 and a side plate 14 . The mounting plate 13 is connected to two bottom ends of the three-point suspension 12 , and the two ends of the mounting plate 13 are provided with side plates 14 . The two side plates 14 are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides, and the upper edges thereof are parallel to the ground, which can facilitate the installation of other components.

The front end of the side plate 14 is wedge-shaped and is inclined and extended forward in the direction from top to bottom, so as to ensure a good soil entry effect and to accommodate enough sweet potatoes and soil.

The potato digging device 6 includes a positioning plate 61 disposed between the bottom ends of the front portions of the two side plates 14 , and a strip shovel 62 is fixedly installed on the positioning plate 61 through bolts 63 . The strip shovel 62 can be easily installed through the positioning plate 61 .

The bar-shaped shovel 62 is inclined and extended forward in a direction from top to bottom, and the horizontal included angle of the bar-shaped shovel 62 is 30°. It can reduce soil entry resistance and achieve good potato digging effect.

The adjusting assembly 4 includes a connecting plate 41 and an adjusting plate 42 for adjusting the inclination angle of the three-point suspension 12 in the vertical direction. By connecting the connecting plate 41 and the adjusting plate 42 to different positions of the vehicle body, the inclination angle of the three-point suspension 12 in the vertical direction can be adjusted, and the bottom of the three-point suspension 12 can be lifted or lowered forward, so that the potato digging device 6 is lifted together And put down, so as to control the depth of the potato digging device 6 into the soil.

The vibrating soil cleaning device 3 comprises a vibrating screen 31 and a vibrating shaft 32, the vibrating shaft 32 runs through the two side plates 14 on the rear side of the potato digging device 6, and the transmission mechanism is connected with the vibrating shaft 32 and drives the vibrating shaft 32 to rotate back and forth, and the vibrating screen 31 It includes a plurality of screen teeth distributed on the vibration shaft 32 at intervals. The vibration shaft 32 is arranged close to the potato digging device 6 , the screen teeth are extended to the cleaning device 2 , and the end of the screen teeth close to the cleaning device 2 is bent. It can ensure that the sieve teeth will not damage the sweet potatoes, and the sweet potatoes dug out by the potato digging device 6 are transferred to the cleaning device 2 .

The cleaning device 2 includes a plurality of cleaning rollers 21 arranged in sequence and parallel to the rear side of the vibrating soil cleaning device 3. The cleaning roller 21 includes a roller 23, and the roller 23 is provided with a plurality of groups of teeth arranged at intervals around the axis. , each tooth group includes a plurality of roller teeth 22 arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the roller 23, the roller teeth 22 of the cleaning roller 21 close to the vibrating soil cleaning device 3 and the screen teeth are staggered and distributed, and two adjacent cleaning rollers The roller teeth 22 of 21 are distributed in a staggered manner. It avoids the tooth jamming between the vibrating soil cleaning device 3 and the cleaning device 2, and at the same time achieves a good effect of conveying sweet potatoes; The set of roller teeth 22 prevents the sweet potatoes from falling from the gap, and also achieves the cleaning effect. The arrangement direction of the roller teeth 22 is the same, and the five groups of cleaning rollers 21 rotate at the same time during movement to achieve the effect of separating the soil and conveying the sweet potatoes. In addition, it is ensured that the sweet potatoes will not be stuck on the cleaning roller 21 during the cleaning process, and the injury of the potatoes is also reduced.

The transmission mechanism includes a reducer, a sprocket connected to the reducer, a crank-rocker mechanism 5 and a cleaning roller 21 connected to the sprocket, the crank-rocker mechanism 5 is connected to the vibration shaft 32, and the reducer is located in the three-point suspension 12. And a protective cover 11 is provided. The transmission output shaft of the car body and the reducer are connected by a universal joint. When the frame 1 moves forward, the reducer drives the sprocket to rotate synchronously, and the sprocket transmits the power to the crank rocker mechanism 5 and the cleaning roller 21. The crank-rocker mechanism 5 drives the vibrating shaft 32 to do rocker motion, and the vibrating screen 31 separates the sweet potatoes and soil dug out by the bar shovel 62 in one stage, and at the same time moves the sweet potatoes to the rear cleaning roller 21, five groups of cleaning The rollers 21 rotate synchronously in the same direction to complete the separation process of the potato and soil. The sweet potatoes can be moved backward, broken and separated from the soil, and the free movement of the sweet potatoes can be restricted to make them centrally distributed. The finally harvested sweet potatoes are cleaned and transported by the cleaning device 2. , regularly arranged on the ridge surface of the sweet potato planting field.

The crank-rocker mechanism 5 includes an eccentric 51, a long rocker 52, a connecting shaft 53 and a rocker 54, the eccentric 51 is connected to the reducer, the long rocker 52 is hinged on the eccentric 51, and the long rocker 52 passes through the connecting shaft 53 The rocker 54 is hinged, and the rocker 54 is connected with the vibration shaft 32 . The structure is simple, the transmission efficiency is high, and the maintenance is easy.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a sweet potato harvesting device, includes frame (1), its characterized in that, the front end of frame (1) is equipped with digs potato device (6), it is connected with adjusting part (4) that are used for adjusting the degree of depth of burying to dig potato device (6), it clears earth device (3), cleaning plant (2) and conveyor to be equipped with the vibration in proper order in frame (1) of digging potato device (6) rear side, be equipped with the drive mechanism who is connected with the clear earth device (3) of vibration and cleaning plant (2) drive on frame (1).

2. The sweet potato harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame (1) comprises a three-point suspension (12), a mounting plate (13) and side plates (14), the mounting plate (13) is connected to the two bottom ends of the three-point suspension (12), and the two end parts of the mounting plate (13) are provided with the side plates (14).

3. A sweet potato harvesting apparatus as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the front ends of the side plates (14) are wedge-shaped and extend obliquely forward in a direction from top to bottom.

4. The sweet potato harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that the potato digging device (6) comprises a positioning plate (61) arranged between the bottom ends of the front parts of the two side plates (14), and a strip-shaped shovel (62) is fixedly arranged on the positioning plate (61) through a bolt (63).

5. The sweet potato harvesting device of claim 4, characterized in that the strip-shaped shovel (62) is arranged along the direction from top to bottom and extends obliquely forwards, and the horizontal included angle of the strip-shaped shovel (62) is 30 degrees.

6. Sweet potato harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that the adjustment assembly (4) comprises a connecting plate (41) and an adjustment plate (42) for adjusting the tilt angle of the three-point suspension (12) in the vertical direction, the connecting plate (41) and the adjustment plate (42) being provided at the top and bottom end of the three-point suspension (12), respectively.

7. The sweet potato harvesting device of claim 2, characterized in that, vibration soil removal device (3) include shale shaker (31) and vibration axle (32), vibration axle (32) run through on both sides board (14) of digging potato device (6) rear side, drive mechanism with vibration axle (32) are connected and are ordered about vibration axle (32) reciprocating rotation, shale shaker (31) are including being a plurality of sieve teeth of interval distribution on vibration axle (32), vibration axle (32) are close to and dig potato device (6) setting, the sieve tooth extends to cleaning device (2) and arranges, the tip that the sieve tooth is close to cleaning device (2) is the form of buckling.

8. The sweet potato harvesting device of claim 7, characterized in that, cleaning plant (2) is including locating vibration clear soil device (3) rear side interval in proper order and a plurality of cleaning roller (21) of parallel arrangement, cleaning roller (21) includes roller (23), roller (23) are equipped with the tooth group of multiunit axis line interval arrangement, and each tooth group includes many roller teeth (22) of interval arrangement in proper order along roller (23) axial, and roller teeth (22) and the sieve tooth that are close to cleaning roller (21) of vibration clear soil device (3) are the distribution of staggering, and roller teeth (22) of two adjacent cleaning roller (21) are the distribution of staggering.

9. The sweet potato harvesting device of claim 8, characterized in that, drive mechanism includes the reduction gear, with the sprocket of retarder connection to and the crank and rocker mechanism (5) and the cleaning roller (21) of being connected with the sprocket, crank and rocker mechanism (5) are connected with vibration axle (32), the reduction gear is located three point suspension (12) and is equipped with safety cover (11).

10. The sweet potato harvesting device according to claim 9, characterized in that the crank rocker mechanism (5) comprises an eccentric wheel (51), a long rocker (52), a connecting shaft (53) and a rocker (54), the eccentric wheel (51) is connected with a speed reducer, the long rocker (52) is hinged on the eccentric wheel (51), the long rocker (52) is hinged with the rocker (54) through the connecting shaft (53), and the rocker (54) is connected with the vibration shaft (32).

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