CN110950112A

CN110950112A - Loading and unloading device for goods

Info

Publication number: CN110950112A
Application number: CN201911166326.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈栋
Original assignee: Chongqing Industry Polytechnic College
Current assignee: Northern Rail Union (Beijing) Multimodal Transport Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-11-25
Filing date: 2019-11-25
Publication date: 2020-04-03
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-25
Also published as: CN110950112B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cargo transportation equipment, and provides a cargo handling device which comprises a base frame, a lifting mechanism, a cargo platform and a guide wheel assembly, the first rope, second leading wheel and second rope, base frame's both ends are provided with first reel and second reel respectively, elevating system's both ends are connected with base frame and cargo carrying platform respectively, cargo carrying platform includes guide rail and bearing plate, leading wheel subassembly can be dismantled with the freight train rear of a vehicle and be connected, the leading wheel subassembly includes first leading wheel, the one end of first rope is connected with the one end of keeping away from first reel of bearing plate, the other end passes behind the first leading wheel and is connected with first reel, the second leading wheel setting is in cargo carrying platform's the one end that is close to the second reel and with cargo carrying platform fixed connection, the one end of second rope is connected with the one end of keeping away from the second reel of bearing plate, the other end passes behind the second leading wheel and is connected with the second reel. The invention is convenient for transporting goods into the carriage or out of the carriage.

Description

Loading and unloading device for goods

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cargo transportation equipment, in particular to a cargo handling device.

Background

At present, freight trucks are mostly adopted for transporting goods on land. If the goods are transported outwards from a large place such as a large factory or a large company, the goods can be transported into the carriage by using a loading and unloading device such as a conveyor belt, and then the goods are stacked orderly by workers. Similarly, if the arrival place of the cargo is on the ground such as a large factory or a large company, the cargo can be similarly delivered to the outside of the vehicle by using a cargo handling device such as a conveyor belt. However, if the goods are transported from a small place to the outside or arrive at a small place, the goods can be loaded into or unloaded from the carriage only by manpower. So not only waste time and energy, still influence work efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a cargo handling device which is convenient for transporting cargos into a carriage or out of the carriage.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a cargo handling device, which comprises a base frame, a lifting mechanism, a cargo platform, a guide wheel assembly, a first rope, a second guide wheel and a second rope, wherein a first winding drum and a second winding drum are respectively arranged at two ends of the base frame in a rotating manner, one end of the lifting mechanism is connected with the base frame, the other end of the lifting mechanism is connected with the cargo platform, the cargo platform comprises a guide rail and a bearing plate, the guide rail is connected with the other end of the lifting mechanism, two sides of the bearing plate are connected with the guide rail, the guide wheel assembly is detachably connected with the tail of a truck, the guide wheel assembly comprises a first guide wheel, one end of the first rope is connected with one end of the bearing plate, which is far away from the first winding drum, the other end of the first rope penetrates through the first guide wheel and then is connected with the first winding drum, the second guide wheel is arranged at one end, close to the second winding drum, of the loading platform and fixedly connected with the loading platform, one end of the second rope is connected with one end, far away from the second winding drum, of the bearing plate, and the other end of the second rope penetrates through the second guide wheel and then is connected with the second winding drum.

Further, the guide wheel assembly also comprises a U-shaped piece, a transmission shaft, a wedge-shaped block, two clamping claws and a first spring, a first through hole is arranged at one end of the U-shaped piece opposite to the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped piece, the transmission shaft is arranged in the first through hole in a penetrating way, one end of the transmission shaft is connected with the first guide wheel, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected with the wedge-shaped block, the wedge-shaped block is arranged in the U-shaped part in a sliding manner, the two clamping claws are oppositely arranged at one end of the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped part, the middle part of the clamping claw is hinged with the U-shaped piece, one end of the clamping claw extends into the U-shaped piece and is abutted against the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped block, the other end of the clamping claw extends to a proper position outside the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped piece, the first spring is sleeved on the transmission shaft, and two ends of the first spring are respectively abutted against the U-shaped piece and the wedge-shaped block.

Further, the guide wheel subassembly still includes rocking arm and second spring, the lateral part of U-shaped piece is provided with the second through-hole, the lateral part of wedge is provided with the ratchet, the rocking arm is worn to establish in the second through-hole, the middle part of rocking arm with the U-shaped piece is articulated, the one end of rocking arm with the ratchet is contradicted, the other end extends to U-shaped piece outside suitable position, the both ends of second spring respectively with the other end of rocking arm with the U-shaped piece butt.

The clamping jaw with the one end that the wedge is contradicted rotates and is connected with the gyro wheel, the clamping jaw passes through the gyro wheel with the inclined plane butt of wedge.

Further, elevating system includes two scissors mechanisms and lift cylinder, scissors mechanism is formed by a plurality of scissors units are articulated in proper order, two scissors mechanism parallel relative setting, and two scissors mechanism's scissors unit's both sides are connected with the connecting rod each other, the both ends of lift cylinder respectively with the connecting rod is articulated.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the lifting mechanism, the first rope, the second rope, the guide wheel assembly, the second guide wheel, the first winding drum and the second winding drum are arranged, so that goods can be conveniently conveyed into a carriage or conveyed out of the carriage.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a cargo handling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the guide wheel assembly of the loading and unloading device shown in fig. 1.

Reference numerals:

the lifting device comprises a base frame 1, a first winding drum 11, a second winding drum 12, a first foot wheel 13, an adjustable supporting device 14, a lifting mechanism 2, a scissor fork mechanism 21, a scissor fork unit 211, a connecting rod 212, a lifting cylinder 22, a cargo platform 3, a guide rail 31, a rail 311, a bearing plate 32, a second foot wheel 321, a latch hole 301, a latch 302, a guide wheel assembly 4, a first guide wheel 41, a U-shaped piece 42, a first through hole 421, a second through hole 422, a transmission shaft 43, a wedge-shaped piece 44, a ratchet 441, two clamping claws 45, a first spring 46, a rocker arm 47, a second spring 48, a roller 49, a first rope 5, a second guide wheel 6 and a second rope 7.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

As shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a cargo handling device, which includes a power interface (not shown in the drawings) and a controller (not shown in the drawings), wherein an output end of the power interface is electrically connected to an input end of the controller through a wire, and an output end of the controller is electrically connected to or electrically connected to an electrical component on the device through a wire.

The lifting device further comprises a base frame 1, a lifting mechanism 2, a cargo platform 3, a guide wheel assembly 4, a first rope 5, a second guide wheel 6 and a second rope 7.

The two ends of the base frame 1 are respectively provided with a first winding drum 11 and a second winding drum 12 in a rotating manner, and the first winding drum 11 and the second winding drum 12 can be driven by a motor to rotate or can be driven by manpower to rotate. The bottom of the base frame 1 is further provided with a first caster 13 to facilitate the transfer of the loading and unloading device provided by the embodiment, and the base frame 1 is further provided with an adjustable supporting device 14 to facilitate the first caster 13 to be separated from or contact with the ground by adjusting the adjustable supporting device 14, so as to facilitate the loading and unloading of the goods. The adjustable supporting device 14 may be a supporting cylinder or an adjustable supporting foot rest, etc.

The bottom of the lifting mechanism 2 is connected with the base frame 1, and the top of the lifting mechanism is connected with the cargo platform 3.

The cargo platform 3 comprises a guide rail 31 and a bearing plate 32, the guide rail 31 is connected with the top of the lifting mechanism 2, the guide rail 31 is provided with a rail 311, two sides of the bearing plate 32 are connected with the guide rail 31 and can move along the rail 311, the bottom of the bearing plate 32 is provided with a second caster 321, so that when the bearing plate 32 moves a certain distance in the vehicle, the second caster 321 is in contact with the vehicle compartment to be stressed, and the balance of the bearing plate 32 is kept, and the second caster 321 slides on the vehicle compartment floor to also facilitate the movement of the bearing plate 32 in the vehicle compartment, the guide rail 31 and the bearing plate 32 are respectively provided with mutually matched bolt holes 301, and bolts 302 are arranged in the bolt holes 301 to prevent the bearing plate 32 from shifting in the processes of ascending and descending.

The guide wheel assembly 4 is detachably connected with the tail of the truck. The guide wheel assembly 4 comprises a first guide wheel 41, one end of the first rope 5 is connected with one end of the bearing plate 32 far away from the first reel 11, and the other end of the first rope passes through the first guide wheel 41 and then is connected with the first reel 11. The second guide wheel 6 is arranged at one end of the cargo platform 3 close to the second reel 12 and is fixedly connected with the cargo platform 3. One end of the second rope 7 is connected with one end of the bearing plate 32 far away from the second winding drum 12, and the other end of the second rope passes through the second guide wheel 6 and then is connected with the second winding drum 12.

When the loading and unloading device is used, the loading and unloading device is firstly moved to a proper position at the tail of a truck in the loading process, and the guide wheel assembly 4 is installed at the tail of the truck. The goods are loaded on the bearing plate 32, the lifting mechanism 2 drives the goods carrying platform 3 to ascend, then the bolt 302 is pulled out, the first reel 11 is rotated, the first rope 5 is collected, so that the bearing plate 32 moves towards the inside of the vehicle, the goods are conveyed into the vehicle, and then the goods are unloaded by workers in the vehicle and are placed in order.

During unloading, the loading and unloading device is firstly moved to a proper position at the tail of the truck, and the guide wheel assembly 4 is arranged at the tail of the truck. The lifting mechanism 2 drives the cargo platform 3 to ascend, then the bolt 302 is pulled out to rotate the first reel 11, the first rope 5 is collected, and the bearing plate 32 moves towards the inside of the vehicle. The in-vehicle crew places the cargo on the bearing plate 32. The second reel 12 is rotated to retract the second rope 7. The bearing plate 32 is driven to move outwards until the bearing plate 32 is completely positioned on the guide rail 31, and the bolt 302 is inserted. The lifting mechanism 2 drives the cargo platform 3 to descend, and then ground workers unload the cargo.

Further, the guide wheel assembly 4 further includes a U-shaped member 42, a transmission shaft 43, a wedge block 44, two clamping claws 45 and a first spring 46, a first through hole 421 is opened at one end of the U-shaped member 42 opposite to the U-shaped opening thereof, the transmission shaft 43 is inserted into the first through hole 421, one end of the transmission shaft 43 is connected with the first guide wheel 41, the other end is connected with the wedge block 44, the wedge block 44 is slidably disposed in the U-shaped member 42, two opposite inclined planes are disposed on the wedge block, the inclination directions are opposite, that is, one end is far away from each other, and the other end is close to each other.

The two clamping claws 45 are oppositely arranged at one end of the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped part 42, the middle parts of the clamping claws 45 are hinged with the U-shaped part 42, one ends of the clamping claws 45 extend into the U-shaped part 42 and abut against the inclined surface of the wedge block 44, the other ends of the clamping claws extend to proper positions outside the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped part 42, and the other ends of the clamping claws are provided with rubber layers (not shown in the drawing) for increasing friction force.

The first spring 46 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 43, two ends of the first spring respectively abut against the U-shaped member 42 and the wedge block 44, and in a natural state, the first spring 46 bears pressure to keep the first guide wheel 41 abutting against the U-shaped member 42.

When the U-shaped part 42 is held by a worker during use, when the first guide wheel 41 is stressed, the first guide wheel 41 drives the wedge block 44 to move forward by overcoming the elastic force of the first spring 46 through the transmission shaft 43, one end of each of the two clamping claws 45, which is in contact with the inclined surface of the wedge block 44, slides on the inclined surface of the wedge block 44 and rotates around the respective hinge center line in the direction away from each other, so that the other ends of the two clamping claws 45 approach each other, and clamping is realized. By the structure, automatic clamping and fixing can be realized, and the clamping is tighter and firmer when the first guide wheel 41 is stressed.

Further, the guide wheel assembly 4 further comprises a rocker arm 47 and a second spring 48, the side portion of the U-shaped member 42 is provided with a second through hole 422, preferably two sides to increase the number of the rocker arms 47, the side portion of the wedge-shaped block 44 is provided with a plurality of ratchet teeth 441, preferably two sides to enhance the one-way limiting capability, the rocker arm 47 is inserted into the second through hole 422, and the middle portion of the rocker arm 47 is hinged to the U-shaped member 42. One end of the swing arm 47 abuts against the ratchet 441, and the other end extends to a proper position outside the U-shaped member 42. Both ends of the second spring 48 are respectively abutted against the other end of the rocker arm 47 and the U-shaped member 42, and in a natural state, the second spring 48 bears a pressure to keep the rocker arm 47 abutted against the ratchet 441.

When the wedge 44 is forced to move forward by the first guide wheel 41, the end of the rocker arm 47 abutting against the wedge 44 slides on the slope of the ratchet 441, so that the forward movement of the wedge 44 is not prevented, but when the force applied to the first guide wheel 41 is removed, the rocker arm 47 abuts against the cross section of the ratchet 441, so that the backward movement of the wedge 44 is prevented, and the clamping pawl 45 is kept in a clamping state. When the clamping is not required, the other end of the rocker arm 47 is pressed to separate the rocker arm 47 from the ratchet 441, the wedge 44 is retracted by the elastic force of the first spring 46, the clamping claw 45 is released, and the clamping is released. This structure, by the engagement of the swing arm 47 with the ratchet teeth 441 to realize the one-way movement of the wedge 44, helps the clamping claw 45 to be held in the clamped state.

One end of the clamping claw 45 abutting against the wedge-shaped block 44 is rotatably connected with a roller 49, and the clamping claw 45 abuts against the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped block 44 through the roller 49. When the wedge block 44 moves, the roller 49 rolls on the inclined surface of the wedge block 44, thereby opening or closing the other end of the clamping claw 45. This structure converts the sliding friction force of the clamping claws 45 and the wedge blocks 44 into the rotating friction force of the rollers 49 and the wedge blocks.

In one embodiment, the lifting mechanism 2 includes two scissor mechanisms 21 and a lifting cylinder 22, the scissor mechanism 21 is formed by sequentially hinging a plurality of scissor units 211, the two scissor mechanisms 21 are arranged in parallel and oppositely, two sides of the scissor units 211 of the two scissor mechanisms 21 are connected with each other by a connecting rod 212, two ends of the lifting cylinder 22 are respectively hinged with the connecting rod 212, and the lifting cylinder 22 is used for changing an included angle of the scissor units 211, so that the scissor mechanisms 21 are contracted and expanded, and the lifting platform is lifted and lowered. Preferably, the number of the lifting mechanisms 2 is two, and the two lifting mechanisms are respectively arranged at two ends of the lifting platform, so that the lifting mechanisms 2 can still support the bearing plate 32 well when the bearing plate moves transversely.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

and (3) loading process: before loading, firstly, the loading and unloading device is moved to a proper position at the tail part of the truck, and the adjustable supporting device 14 is adjusted, so that the first caster wheel 13 is separated from the ground, and the loading and unloading device is stabilized. And then the power supply is connected with the power interface. The guide wheel set will then be mounted at the rear of the truck. Then, the goods to be loaded are placed on the bearing plate 32, the lifting cylinder 22 is started to extend to enable the scissor mechanism 21 to be unfolded, so that the cargo platform 3 is driven to ascend, the first reel 11 is rotated after the cargo platform ascends to a proper position, the first rope 5 is contracted to enable the bearing plate 32 to move towards the inside of the vehicle, and finally the goods are taken down and placed in order by the staff in the vehicle. The second reel 12 is then rotated to retract the second cable 7, drawing the bearing plate 32 from the vehicle back onto the rail 31, and the latch 302 is inserted. The lift cylinder 22 is retracted so that the inspection mechanism is closed, thereby lowering the cargo platform 3. Thus completing a cycle of loading work.

The unloading process comprises the following steps: before unloading, the loading and unloading device is moved to a proper position at the tail part of the truck, and the adjustable supporting device 14 is adjusted, so that the first caster wheel 13 is separated from the ground, and the loading and unloading device is stabilized. And then the power supply is connected with the power interface. The guide wheel set will then be mounted at the rear of the truck. Then, the lifting cylinder 22 is started to extend to enable the scissor mechanism 21 to be unfolded, so that the cargo platform 3 is driven to ascend, and after the cargo platform ascends to a proper position, the first reel 11 is rotated to contract the first rope 5, so that the bearing plate 32 moves towards the inside of the vehicle. The load-bearing plate 32 is then placed on the load-bearing plate by the vehicle crew, the second reel 12 is rotated, the second rope 7 is retracted, the load-bearing plate 32 is retracted from the vehicle onto the rail 31, and the latch 302 is inserted. The lift cylinder 22 is retracted so that the inspection mechanism is closed, thereby lowering the cargo platform 3. Finally, the goods on the bearing plate 32 are taken down and stacked in order by ground staff. Thus completing a discharge cycle.

In the description of the present invention, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a loading and unloading device of goods, its characterized in that, includes base frame, elevating system, cargo platform, leading wheel subassembly, first rope, second leading wheel and second rope, base frame's both ends are rotated respectively and are provided with first reel and second reel, elevating system's one end with base frame connects, the other end with cargo platform connects, cargo platform includes guide rail and bearing plate, the guide rail with elevating system's the other end is connected, the both sides of bearing plate with the guide rail is connected, leading wheel subassembly can be dismantled with the freight train rear of a vehicle and be connected, leading wheel subassembly includes first leading wheel, the one end of first rope with keeping away from of bearing plate the one end of first reel is connected, the other end passes behind the first leading wheel with first reel is connected, the second leading wheel sets up cargo platform be close to the one end of second reel and with cargo platform is solid And one end of the second rope is connected with one end of the bearing plate, which is far away from the second winding drum, and the other end of the second rope penetrates through the second guide wheel and then is connected with the second winding drum.

2. The cargo handling device according to claim 1, wherein the guide wheel assembly further comprises a U-shaped member, a transmission shaft, a wedge, two clamping jaws, and a first spring, the U-shaped member has a first through hole at an end opposite to the U-shaped opening thereof, the transmission shaft is inserted into the first through hole, one end of the transmission shaft is connected to the first guide wheel, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected to the wedge, the wedge is slidably disposed in the U-shaped member, the two clamping jaws are disposed at an end of the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped member, the middle of the clamping jaw is hinged to the U-shaped member, one end of the clamping jaw extends into the U-shaped member and abuts against an inclined surface of the wedge, the other end of the clamping jaw extends to a proper position outside the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped member, and the first spring is sleeved on the transmission shaft, The two ends of the wedge block are respectively abutted against the U-shaped piece and the wedge block.

3. The cargo handling device of claim 2, wherein the guide wheel assembly further comprises a rocker arm and a second spring, the side of the U-shaped member is provided with a second through hole, the side of the wedge-shaped block is provided with a ratchet, the rocker arm is inserted into the second through hole, the middle of the rocker arm is hinged to the U-shaped member, one end of the rocker arm abuts against the ratchet, the other end of the rocker arm extends to a proper position outside the U-shaped member, and two ends of the second spring abut against the other end of the rocker arm and the U-shaped member respectively.

4. The cargo handling device of claim 3 wherein the end of the clamping jaw abutting the wedge block is rotatably connected to a roller, and the clamping jaw abuts the inclined surface of the wedge block through the roller.

5. The cargo handling device of claim 1, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises two scissor mechanisms and a lifting cylinder, the scissor mechanisms are formed by sequentially hinging a plurality of scissor units, the two scissor mechanisms are arranged in parallel and oppositely, two sides of the scissor units of the two scissor mechanisms are connected with each other by a connecting rod, and two ends of the lifting cylinder are respectively hinged with the connecting rod.