CN110949117A - 离合器装置 - Google Patents

离合器装置 Download PDF

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CN110949117A
CN110949117A CN201910826879.8A CN201910826879A CN110949117A CN 110949117 A CN110949117 A CN 110949117A CN 201910826879 A CN201910826879 A CN 201910826879A CN 110949117 A CN110949117 A CN 110949117A
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pressure
pressure piston
clutch device
hub member
sealing element
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E·洛伦茨
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/06—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch
    • F16D25/062—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces
    • F16D25/063—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially
    • F16D25/0635—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs
    • F16D25/0638—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs with more than two discs, e.g. multiple lamellae
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/12—Details not specific to one of the before-mentioned types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
    • F16D2300/08—Details or arrangements of sealings not provided for in group F16D3/84
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)

Abstract

离合器装置，其包括片组，该片组具有布置在外片支架(8)上的外片(9)和布置在径向上内置的内片支架(6)上的作用在外片(9)之间的内片(7)，一个片支架与输入元件耦合且另一片支架与输出元件(23)耦合，片组能通过液压地或气动地工作的操纵装置(5)轴向地压在一起，设置有能轴向运动的压力活塞(11)、压力空间(16)以及在轴向上位置固定的毂构件(13)，压力空间通过压力活塞和毂构件限界，并且在压力活塞和毂构件之间布置有密封压力空间的弹性的且将转矩从压力活塞传递到毂构件上的密封元件(18)，压力活塞能够通过经由压力空间施加的液压或气动工作压力与能经由压力活塞压在一起的片组产生传递转矩的作用连接。

Description

离合器装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种离合器装置，其包括片组，所述片组具有布置在外片支架上的外片和布置在径向上内置的内片支架上的作用在外片之间的内片，其中，一个片支架与输入元件耦合，并且另一片支架与输出元件耦合，其中，片组能够通过液压地或者气动地工作的操纵装置轴向地压在一起。
背景技术
这样的离合器装置用于将进入的转矩传递到输出元件上，所述转矩例如由内燃机或者电机提供，所述输出元件通常与变速器耦合。所述离合器装置例如安装到混合动力模块中，所述混合动力模块实现将内燃机耦合到车辆的驱动系上，其中，同时也通过离合器装置耦合电机。离合器装置包括由外片和作用在所述外片之间的内片组成的片组，所述外片和内片分别能轴向移动地布置在片支架上。外片支架例如与输入元件(在混合动力模块的情况下，通过所述输入元件或者由内燃机或者由电机提供转矩)耦合，而内片支架与耦合到变速器的输出元件连接。
如果通过液压地或者气动地工作的操纵装置将片组压在一起，则所述片产生摩擦锁合并且通过外片支架导入的转矩传递到内片支架上并且通过该内片支架传递至输出元件。这样的混合动力模块的作用方式是已知的。片支架与输入元件和输出元件的耦合也能够是正好相反的。
然而，使用这样的离合器单元仅仅局限于能够实施为P1或者P2混合动力模块的混合动力模块，其中，在这种情况下，已知作为K0离合器的离合器装置，更确切地说，所述离合器装置也能够涉及在双离合器或者多离合器中的另外的离合器装置(通常称为K1离合器或者K2离合器)。
尤其安装在混合动力模块中的情况下，出现安装空间问题。如所说明地，混合动力模块通过将内燃机耦接到机动车的驱动系上实现内燃机运行与电动运行的组合。为此，这样的混合动力模块具有电动机、离合器装置以及其操纵装置、轴承部件和壳体部件，所述轴承部件和壳体部件使这三个主部件连接成作用良好的单元。在此，电动机实现电动的行驶、在内燃机运行时的功率增加和余热利用。分离离合器和其操纵装置负责内燃机的耦接和脱耦。混合动力模块与包括附加的离合器装置K1和K2的双离合器组合为使得混合动力模块在转矩传递方向上位于内燃机和变速器之间，而在车辆中内燃机、混合动力模块、双离合器与其相应的操纵装置以及变速器必须相继地或者并排地布置。这样定位的混合动力模块也被称作P2混合动力模块。
从DE 10 2009 059 944 A1已知一种混合动力模块，该混合动力模块在电机的转子内部具有分离离合器。双离合器设备的子离合器在轴向上错开地布置在电机的转子旁边并且因此也布置在K0离合器装置旁边。在此，子离合器在径向上相互嵌套到其中，用于单个的离合器的操纵装置在轴向上错开地布置在其旁边。
从DE 10 2007 008 946 A1已知一种用于具有混合驱动装置的车辆的多离合器。在这种混合驱动模块中，两个摩擦离合器布置在被电机的转子包围的安装空间内部。在混合动力模块中提供的安装空间决定性地由所使用的电机和其板组预先给定。尽管由此实现混合动力模块的紧凑性，也力求进一步最小化由混合动力模块占据的安装空间，以便能够将混合动力模块集成到机动车的现有的驱动系中。
发明内容
因此，基于本发明的问题在于，提出一种尤其用于集成在混合动力模块中的离合器装置，所述混合动力模块具有高的紧凑性并且需要尽可能少的安装空间。
为了解决该问题，开篇所提到的类型的离合器装置的特征在于，设置有能够轴向运动的压力活塞、压力空间以及在轴向上位置固定的毂构件，其中，压力空间通过压力活塞和毂构件限界，并且在压力活塞和毂构件之间布置有密封压力空间的弹性的并且将转矩从压力活塞传递到毂构件上的密封元件，其中，通过经由压力空间施加的液压的或者气动的工作压力，压力活塞能够与能通过压力活塞压在一起的片组产生传递转矩的作用连接。
根据本发明的离合器装置能够具有最小数量的构件并且因此允许极端紧凑的配置。离合器装置的操纵装置仅仅由能轴向运动的压力活塞以及位置固定的毂构件组成，其中，压力活塞和毂构件限界一压力空间，工作流体(通常是油)能够在压力下被引入到该压力空间中，以使压力活塞在轴向上向片组运动，用于压在一起。根据本发明，该压力空间现在通过密封元件在径向上密封，其中，该密封元件使压力活塞和毂构件连接。根据本发明，所述密封元件是弹性的并且设计为使得所述密封元件能够将转矩从压力活塞传递到毂构件上。现在，如果通过构建压力空间中的压力使压力活塞轴向地运动并且压向片组，则所述片发生摩擦锁合。通过输入元件导入的转矩能够通过毂构件传递到输出元件上。也就是说，中心的元件为密封元件，所述密封元件实现压力活塞与毂构件之间的转矩传递。因此，所述密封元件具有双重功能，即一方面密封压力空间，另一方面传递转矩的功能。操纵装置极其简单地构造并且因此能够非常紧凑并且要求少的安装空间地实施。
密封元件优选为波纹管、尤其由金属制成的波纹管，即抗扭转的密封元件，所述密封元件能够将或者由压力活塞或者由毂构件导入的转矩传递到相应的另外的构件上。
根据本发明的一种特别有利的构型，毂构件通过齿部直接与输出元件耦合。也就是说，压力活塞通过抗扭转的弹性的密封元件与毂构件耦合并且通过该毂构件与输出元件耦合，从而产生压力活塞与输出元件并且因此最终与变速器输入轴或者变速器轴的直接连接。因此，与驱动单元现在具体怎样构造无关地实现传递转矩。因此，在单离合器或者多离合器中以及在混合动力模块中的使用是可行的。
压力活塞自身优选在毂构件上轴向地并且通过密封元件密封地导向，也就是说，两个中心的构件在径向上看相互嵌套，并且因此压力空间仅仅被压力活塞、毂构件和密封元件限界。
毂构件自身优选具有径向法兰，所述径向法兰在轴向上限界压力空间并且密封元件布置在所述径向法兰上。在径向上看，压力活塞自身至少延伸至毂构件的这个径向法兰的径向端部或者优选地超过所述径向端部，因为片组通常具有比这个径向法兰更大的直径。这个构型实现能够使用一种简单的、环状的波纹管或者说相应的密封元件。
压力活塞自身也具有径向法兰，所述径向法兰在轴向上限界压力空间并且所述径向法兰与毂构件的径向法兰相邻地延伸。密封元件布置在这个压力活塞侧的径向法兰上，其中，所述径向法兰在径向上延长并且过渡到耦合区段中，压力活塞以所述耦合区段作用在片组上。因此，能够通过这个径向的延长部以简单的方式构造耦合区段，压力活塞能够以所述耦合区段直接作用在片组上。
这种发明构型的一种特别实用的扩展方案设置：耦合区段同时构成外片支架或者内片支架或者过渡到所述外片支架或者内片支架中。该发明构型在特别的限度内有助于使离合器装置进一步紧凑化。因为压力活塞不仅构成用于压缩片组的元件，而且同时也构成两个片支架中的一个，从而其具有双重功能。因此，不需要单独的外片支架或者内片支架。
毂构件自身具有一个或者多个孔，所述孔一方面与供给孔相连并且另一方面与压力空间相连，液压的或者气动的压力介质能够通过所述供给孔供给。即，通过毂构件实现供给，所述毂构件例如能转动地放置在设有供给通道的空心轴上，所述供给通道又与所述一个或多个孔相连。
离合器装置自身优选为湿式运行的单离合器、双离合器或者多离合器。
除了离合器装置自身之外，本发明还涉及一种用于将内燃机耦合到机动车的驱动系上的混合动力模块，其包括电动机以及以上所说明的类型的离合器装置。该离合器装置布置在电机的转子内部，使得不但在径向上而且在轴向上产生非常紧凑的构造形式。
附图说明
接下来，根据实施例参照附图解释本发明。
附图示出包括电机2的根据本发明的混合动力模块1，在所述电机中在这里仅仅示出转子3。混合动力模块1还包括离合器装置4，所述离合器装置包括在当前的实施例中液压的操纵装置5，该操纵装置实现了在需要时能够打开或者闭合离合器装置4。
具体实施方式
在所示出的实施例中，离合器装置4包括内片支架6，在该内片支架上，多个内片7(在所示出的实施例中为钢片)以能轴向移动的方式布置在齿部中。内片支架与未详细示出的输入元件已连接或者能够连接。即内片支架永久地或者通过内燃机或者通过电机2驱动或者说旋转。
离合器装置4还包括外片支架8，在该外片支架上，外片9也以能轴向移动的方式布置在齿部中，所述外片作用在所述内片7之间。在所示出的实施例中，外片9涉及摩擦片。外片支架8在耦合区段10上从该耦合区段伸出地布置，其中，耦合区段10为压力活塞11的一部分并且贴靠在片组上，以使由内片7和外片9组成的片组轴向地压在一起并且产生摩擦锁合，并且将通过输入元件和内片支架6导入的转矩传递到外片支架8上，并且通过该外片支架(如接下来说明地)传递至输出元件。
压力活塞11具有内部的导向区段12，该压力活塞借助所述内部的导向区段布置在位置固定的毂构件13上并且在该毂构件上以能轴向运动的方式导向，其中，密封元件14使毂构件13相对压力活塞11密封。导向区段12过渡到径向法兰15中，所述径向法兰径向地延伸并且在轴向上限界压力空间16，所述压力空间在对置的侧上被毂构件13的径向法兰17在轴向上限界。然后，径向法兰15在径向延长部中过渡到耦合区段10中，该耦合区段在它那方面过渡到外片支架8中。
压力空间16通过弹性的、然而抗扭转的密封元件18在径向上密封。该密封元件18实施为金属的波纹管19，当压力活塞15由于压力介质(例如油)引入到压力空间16中而向左压向片组以压缩所述片组时，所述波纹管能够因此在轴向上延长。在这里，金属的波纹管19建立回位力，所述回位力实现在为了打开片组或者使其通风而去负荷之后将压力活塞11又往回拉到初始位置中。流体压力轴向地支撑在位置固定的径向法兰17上，从而压力活塞15能够轴向地移动。波纹管19优选焊接在径向法兰15和17上。
此外，密封元件18或者说波纹管19也具有转矩传递的功能。如所说明地，压力活塞11可轴向运动地在毂构件13上导向。如果该压力活塞在轴向上向片组运动，则该片组向位置固定的支座区段20运动，该支座区段构造在具有内片支架6的构件21上。如以上所实施地，内片支架6和与其一起的内片7旋转，而在未闭合的位置中外片支架8和外片9静止。然而在片组压在一起的情况下，在内片7和外片9之间发生摩擦锁合，使得外片9被夹住并且因此外片支架8和与其一起的整个压力活塞11也置于旋转状态。然而，在压力活塞15和毂构件13之间的唯一的机械式抗扭转的连接装置是密封元件18或者说金属的波纹管19，从而被导入压力活塞11上的转矩通过波纹管19传递到毂构件17上并且通过该毂构件通过齿部22传递到输出元件23上。可见，在这里即密封元件18具有多重功能。一方面，该密封装置用于密封压力空间16。另一方面，该密封装置用于转矩传递，并且最后，当片组又要去负荷和打开时，所述密封元件用作压力活塞11的返回元件。
在所示出的实施例中，毂构件13安装在空心轴24上，能够相对于该空心轴转动地支承并且通过滚动轴承25在轴向上支撑在所述空心轴上。空心轴24具有例如环绕的供给通道26，通过所述供给通道供给压力介质，所述压力介质通过一个或多个在这里仅仅虚划地示出的、构造在毂构件13的轴向法兰28中的孔27而导入到压力空间16中，以建立工作压力并且使压力活塞11运动。压力介质通过未详细地示出的供给装置(如泵或者诸如此类)供给以相应大的压力。为了实现压力介质从供给通道26到孔27中的可靠的转运，供给通道26通过相应的密封元件29相对于毂构件13的轴向法兰28密封。
如附图最后还示出，安装在转子支架30上的转子3通过环式盘31以及滚动轴承32支承在空心的轴24上，在另外的侧上，转子与未详细地示出的输入元件耦合。最后，输出元件23通过另外的滚动轴承33转动支承在位置固定的空心轴24上。
附图标记列表
1 混合动力模块
2 电机
3 转子
4 离合器装置
5 操纵装置
6 内片支架
7 内片
8 外片支架
9 外片
10 耦合区段
11 压力活塞
12 导向区段
13 毂构件
14 密封元件
15 径向法兰
16 压力空间
17 径向法兰
18 密封元件
19 波纹管
20 支座区段
21 构件
22 齿部
23 输出元件
24 空心轴
25 滚动轴承
26 供给通道
27 孔
28 轴向法兰
29 密封元件
30 转子支架
31 环式盘
32 滚动轴承
33 滚动轴承。

Claims (10)

1.一种离合器装置，其包括片组，所述片组具有布置在外片支架(8)上的外片(9)和布置在径向上内置的内片支架(6)上的、作用在所述外片(9)之间的内片(7)，其中，一个片支架(6、8)与输入元件耦合，并且另一片支架(6、8)与输出元件(23)耦合，其中，所述片组能通过液压地或者气动地工作的操纵装置(5)轴向地压在一起，其特征在于，设置有能轴向运动的压力活塞(11)、压力空间(16)以及在轴向上位置固定的毂构件(13)，其中，所述压力空间(16)通过所述压力活塞(11)和所述毂构件(13)限界，并且在所述压力活塞(11)和所述毂构件(13)之间布置有密封所述压力空间(16)的弹性的和将转矩从所述压力活塞(11)传递到所述毂构件(13)上的密封元件(18)，其中，通过经由所述压力空间(16)施加的液压的或者气动的工作压力，所述压力活塞(11)能够与能通过所述压力活塞(11)压在一起的片组形成传递转矩的作用连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的离合器装置，其特征在于，所述密封元件(18)为抗扭转的波纹管，尤其由金属制成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的离合器装置，其特征在于，所述毂构件(13)通过齿部(22)与所述输出元件(23)耦合。
4.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的离合器装置，其特征在于，所述压力活塞(11)在所述毂构件(13)上轴向地并且通过密封元件(14)密封地导向。
5.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的离合器装置，其特征在于，所述毂构件(13)具有径向法兰(17)，所述径向法兰在轴向上限界所述压力空间(16)，并且所述密封元件(18)布置在所述径向法兰上。
6.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的离合器装置，其特征在于，所述压力活塞(11)具有径向法兰(15)，所述径向法兰在轴向上限界所述压力空间(16)，并且所述密封元件(18)布置在所述径向法兰上，其中，所述径向法兰(15)在径向上延长并且过渡到耦合区段(10)中，所述压力活塞(11)借助所述耦合区段作用在所述片组上。
7.根据权利要求6所述的离合器装置，其特征在于，所述耦合区段(10)同时构成所述外片支架(8)或者内片支架(6)或者过渡到所述外片支架或者内片支架中。
8.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的离合器装置，其特征在于，所述毂构件(13)具有一个或者多个孔(27)，所述孔一方面与供给通道(26)相连并且另一方面与所述压力空间(16)相连，液压的或者气动的压力介质能通过所述供给通道供给。
9.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的离合器装置，其特征在于，所述离合器装置为湿式运行的单离合器、双离合器或者多离合器。
10.一种用于将内燃机耦合到机动车的驱动系上的混合动力模块，其包括电动机以及根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的离合器装置。
CN201910826879.8A 2018-09-26 2019-09-03 离合器装置 Pending CN110949117A (zh)

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