CN110945084A - 膦酸酯表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒 - Google Patents
膦酸酯表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110945084A CN110945084A CN201880048072.XA CN201880048072A CN110945084A CN 110945084 A CN110945084 A CN 110945084A CN 201880048072 A CN201880048072 A CN 201880048072A CN 110945084 A CN110945084 A CN 110945084A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- titanium dioxide
- dioxide nanoparticles
- phosphonate
- hydrogen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims description 34
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 129
- -1 phosphonate ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 97
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 8
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HCGFUIQPSOCUHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propan-2-yloxyethanol Chemical compound CC(C)OCCO HCGFUIQPSOCUHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 41
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 13
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000004679 31P NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 7
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- IYYIVELXUANFED-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromo(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Br IYYIVELXUANFED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- PPSZHCXTGRHULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxazine Chemical compound O1ON=CC=C1 PPSZHCXTGRHULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000019239 indanthrene blue RS Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 3
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 3
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005329 float glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- UHOKSCJSTAHBSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N indanthrone blue Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=C4NC5=C6C(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7C(=O)C6=CC=C5NC4=C3C(=O)C2=C1 UHOKSCJSTAHBSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZDQNWDNMNKSMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC(C)COC(C)COCC(C)OC(=O)C=C ZDQNWDNMNKSMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZAWCLCJGSBATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cycloundecyl-1,2-diazacycloundecane Chemical compound C1CCCCCCCCCC1N1NCCCCCCCCC1 VZAWCLCJGSBATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCLJOFJIQIJXHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C=C HCLJOFJIQIJXHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PTJWCLYPVFJWMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO PTJWCLYPVFJWMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MMBYJYAFFGKUDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-aminoisoindol-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=NC(=O)C2=C1 MMBYJYAFFGKUDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XJKCIKMIYBWISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCOP(O)=O Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(O)=O XJKCIKMIYBWISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920008347 Cellulose acetate propionate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003848 UV Light-Curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQPVFBDWIUVLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CO)(CO)COC(=O)C(C)=C GQPVFBDWIUVLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical class C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- PBAYDYUZOSNJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chelidonic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC(=O)C=C(C(O)=O)O1 PBAYDYUZOSNJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- WGLUMOCWFMKWIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloromethane;methanol Chemical compound OC.ClCCl WGLUMOCWFMKWIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 description 2
- YACKEPLHDIMKIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CP(O)(O)=O YACKEPLHDIMKIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002073 nanorod Substances 0.000 description 2
- OBJNZHVOCNPSCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphtho[2,3-f]quinazoline Chemical compound C1=NC=C2C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=CC2=N1 OBJNZHVOCNPSCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nd+3].[Nd+3] PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 2
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- FSDNTQSJGHSJBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperidine-4-carbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1CCNCC1 FSDNTQSJGHSJBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYNROBRQIVCIQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5,6-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)C(=O)N=C21 FYNROBRQIVCIQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LGPAKRMZNPYPMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2-prop-2-enoyloxypropyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC(CO)COC(=O)C=C LGPAKRMZNPYPMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYWOJODOMFBVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,6-trimethylphenanthrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C2C3=CC(C)=CC=C3C=CC2=C1C MYWOJODOMFBVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDYWHVQKENANGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Butyleneglycol dimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C VDYWHVQKENANGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DREPONDJUKIQLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[ethenyl(ethoxy)phosphoryl]oxyethane Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(C=C)OCC DREPONDJUKIQLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEOJOAVYGLGAIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-diethoxyphosphorylbutane Chemical compound CCCCP(=O)(OCC)OCC KEOJOAVYGLGAIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVDVRXOWIPONFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-diethoxyphosphoryloctane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCP(=O)(OCC)OCC MVDVRXOWIPONFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFLXBUJKRRJAKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13768-86-0 Chemical compound O=[Se](=O)=O VFLXBUJKRRJAKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PUGOMSLRUSTQGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-di(prop-2-enoyloxy)propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C PUGOMSLRUSTQGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJCYDDALXPHSHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-propoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCOCCOCCO DJCYDDALXPHSHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HWSSEYVMGDIFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HWSSEYVMGDIFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHKUUQIDMUMQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)butoxymethyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCCCCOCC1CO1 SHKUUQIDMUMQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTYYGFLRBWMFRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[6-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)hexoxymethyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCCCCCCOCC1CO1 WTYYGFLRBWMFRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLDLPVSQYMQDBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)-2,2-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethoxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCC(COCC1OC1)(COCC1OC1)COCC1CO1 PLDLPVSQYMQDBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDSUVTROAWLVJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO FDSUVTROAWLVJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSYPIGPPWAJCJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)phenoxy]methyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COC(C=C1)=CC=C1OCC1CO1 FSYPIGPPWAJCJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTELLNMUWNJXMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.CCC(CO)(CO)CO GTELLNMUWNJXMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)O MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(oxolan-2-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1CCCO1 WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MECNWXGGNCJFQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-piperidin-1-ylpropane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)CN1CCCCC1 MECNWXGGNCJFQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTKKGHVQPVOXIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-isoindol-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=NCC2=C1 MTKKGHVQPVOXIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOJWAAUYNWGQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XOJWAAUYNWGQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXXRSVBVBBCFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(prop-2-enoylamino)butylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCCNC(=O)C=C SXXRSVBVBBCFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABGYRKSUMIOZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-diethoxyphosphorylbutan-1-amine Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)CCCCN ABGYRKSUMIOZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000936 Agarose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCC2OC2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OCC1CO1 LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTVITOHKHWFJKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol B Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(CC)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 HTVITOHKHWFJKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USSVPZASBDHDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=C1CCC=C2C=CC=C12 Chemical compound C=C1CCC=C2C=CC=C12 USSVPZASBDHDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTVRFTWLMQPYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCC(COP(O)=O)OC(C(C)=C)=O Chemical compound CCC(COP(O)=O)OC(C(C)=C)=O DTVRFTWLMQPYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCMYYKRYFNMIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N COP(O)=O Chemical compound COP(O)=O QCMYYKRYFNMIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cellulose propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OCC1OC(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C1OC1C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(COC(=O)CC)O1 DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VGCXGMAHQTYDJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroacetyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC(Cl)=O VGCXGMAHQTYDJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BEAWHIRRACSRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCC(CO)(CO)CO.OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O.OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO.OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O.OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O BEAWHIRRACSRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFPCSTPGEBHGHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N OP(O)=O.NC(=O)C=C Chemical compound OP(O)=O.NC(=O)C=C JFPCSTPGEBHGHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDBVZFGSKMWJFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N OP(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O Chemical group OP(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O MDBVZFGSKMWJFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001054 Poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000516 Self-adhesive stamp Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical class [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical class CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002433 Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001308 Zinc ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQHKDHVZYZUZMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-prop-2-enoyloxypropyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CO)(CO)COC(=O)C=C CQHKDHVZYZUZMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUDXBRVLWDGRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)-2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CO)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C JUDXBRVLWDGRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CO)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWHLOXLFJPTYTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-methyl-3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)-2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(C)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C SWHLOXLFJPTYTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSZUHSXXAOWGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-methyl-3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(C)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C HSZUHSXXAOWGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MPIAGWXWVAHQBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2-[[3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2,2-bis(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)C=C)(COC(=O)C=C)COCC(COC(=O)C=C)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C MPIAGWXWVAHQBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006318 anionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001000 anthraquinone dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azure blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[S-]S[S-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUCHXOAWJMEFLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC(C=C1)=CC=C1OCC1CO1 XUCHXOAWJMEFLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKRVGTLVYRYCFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol;2-methylidenebutanedioic acid Chemical compound OCCCCO.OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O.OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O GKRVGTLVYRYCFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOKRBSXOBUKDGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CCCCP(O)(O)=O UOKRBSXOBUKDGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HKQOBOMRSSHSTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cellulose acetate Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(CO)OC(O)C(O)C1O.CC(=O)OCC1OC(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C1OC1C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(COC(C)=O)O1.CCC(=O)OCC1OC(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C1OC1C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(COC(=O)CC)O1 HKQOBOMRSSHSTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006218 cellulose propionate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004700 cobalt complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PGWFQHBXMJMAPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ctk4b5078 Chemical compound [Cd].OS(=O)(=O)[Se]S(O)(=O)=O PGWFQHBXMJMAPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DZQISOJKASMITI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl-dioxido-oxo-$l^{5}-phosphane;hydron Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCP(O)(O)=O DZQISOJKASMITI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LXCYSACZTOKNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound CCO[P+](=O)OCC LXCYSACZTOKNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940028356 diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCCOCCO XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940075557 diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- VONWDASPFIQPDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl methylphosphonate Chemical compound COP(C)(=O)OC VONWDASPFIQPDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000005125 dioxazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XJUNRGGMKUAPAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum;lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O XJUNRGGMKUAPAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPWFPZBFBFHIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium 4-[(4-methyl-2-sulfophenyl)diazenyl]-3-oxidonaphthalene-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N=NC1=C(O)C(C([O-])=O)=CC2=CC=CC=C12 VPWFPZBFBFHIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHXIWUJLHYHGSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-ethoxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOCCC(=O)OCC BHXIWUJLHYHGSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001940 europium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AEBZCFFCDTZXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Eu+3].[Eu+3] AEBZCFFCDTZXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N guaiacol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1O LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHJFNYXPKGDKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium;methane Chemical compound C.[Hf] WHJFNYXPKGDKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKJWUDSZYJAQQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hex-5-enylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCCC=C UKJWUDSZYJAQQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC([O-])=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GPGMRSSBVJNWRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrochloride hydrofluoride Chemical compound F.Cl GPGMRSSBVJNWRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006115 industrial coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);iron(3+);octadecacyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000434 metal complex dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NYGZLYXAPMMJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-M metanil yellow Chemical group [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC(N=NC=2C=CC(NC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1 NYGZLYXAPMMJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VHRYZQNGTZXDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacryloyl chloride Chemical compound CC(=C)C(Cl)=O VHRYZQNGTZXDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002601 oligoester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005026 oriented polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)C1 JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);praseodymium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Pr+3].[Pr+3] MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N perinone Chemical compound C12=NC3=CC=CC=C3N2C(=O)C2=CC=C3C4=C2C1=CC=C4C(=O)N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C13 DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009512 pharmaceutical packaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001782 photodegradation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001007 phthalocyanine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002285 poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003447 praseodymium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000075 primary alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyloxy prop-2-eneperoxoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OOOC(=O)C=C KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229960003351 prussian blue Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013225 prussian blue Substances 0.000 description 1
- IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline yellow Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)=O)=CC=C21 IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940109850 royal jelly Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001954 samarium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940075630 samarium oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sm+3].[Sm+3] FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940071089 sarcosinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUFONQSOSYEWCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-(methylamino)acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CNCC([O-])=O ZUFONQSOSYEWCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005613 synthetic organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Ta](=O)O[Ta](=O)=O PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N thioindigo Chemical compound S\1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C/1=C1/C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2S1 JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGEATSXPYVGFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc ferrite Chemical compound O=[Zn].O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O WGEATSXPYVGFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
- C09D7/62—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic modified by treatment with other compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide
- C01G23/053—Producing by wet processes, e.g. hydrolysing titanium salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/373—Metallic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/36—Compounds of titanium
- C09C1/3607—Titanium dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/36—Compounds of titanium
- C09C1/3607—Titanium dioxide
- C09C1/3669—Treatment with low-molecular organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/66—Additives characterised by particle size
- C09D7/67—Particle size smaller than 100 nm
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H1/024—Hologram nature or properties
- G03H1/0244—Surface relief holograms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H1/0252—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
- G03H1/0256—Laminate comprising a hologram layer having specific functional layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/378—Special inks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide
- C01G23/053—Producing by wet processes, e.g. hydrolysing titanium salts
- C01G23/0536—Producing by wet processes, e.g. hydrolysing titanium salts by hydrolysing chloride-containing salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
- G03H1/18—Particular processing of hologram record carriers, e.g. for obtaining blazed holograms
- G03H2001/185—Applying a curing step
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2250/00—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
- G03H2250/36—Conform enhancement layer
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒、其制备方法、包含所述表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒的涂料组合物以及所述涂料组合物用于涂覆全息图、波导和太阳能电池板的用途。当用包含所述表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒的涂料组合物印刷时,全息图是明亮的,并且从任何角度都是可见的。
Description
描述
本发明涉及表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒、其制备方法、包含所述表面官能化二氧化钛纳米颗粒的涂料组合物以及所述涂料组合物用于涂覆全息图、波导和太阳能电池板的用途。当用包含表面官能化二氧化钛纳米颗粒的涂料组合物印刷时,全息图是明亮的,并且从任何角度都是可见的。
EP0707051涉及包含颗粒状二氧化钛或氧化锌的经处理的无机固体,其颗粒涂覆有基本上由选自烷基膦酸和烷基膦酸酯的有机磷化合物组成的组合物,其中烷基膦酸包含8-22个碳原子。所述二氧化钛颗粒的平均初级粒度为10-150nm。
H.Weller等,J.Amer.Chem.Soc.125(2003)14539描述了通过在低至80℃的温度下在油酸中水解四异丙醇钛来合成高纵横比的锐钛矿TiO2纳米棒。通常,TiO2纳米棒具有至多40nm的均匀长度和3-4nm的直径。
B.Wang等,Macromolecules 24(1991)3449描述了由溶胶-凝胶方法制备高折射率有机/无机杂化材料。
R.Himmelhuber等,Optical Materials Express 1(2011)252描述了具有可调折射率的氧化钛溶胶-凝胶膜。
US2012276683描述了二氧化钛糊的制备。在约20-25℃的室温下,以0.5:351.3的氯化氢与蒸馏水的摩尔比混合作为催化剂的氯化氢和作为分散介质的蒸馏水。接着,在连续搅拌下将1摩尔作为钛前体的四异丙醇钛添加到溶液中,从而形成稠的白色沉淀。最后,将该溶胶胶溶约2小时以形成澄清的二氧化钛溶胶。二氧化钛纳米颗粒显示出约10-约27nm的窄尺寸分布,其平均粒度为19nm。在实验期间,发现二氧化钛溶胶稳定至少7个月。
US2005164876涉及光催化剂的制备。在室温下,将10g异丙醇钛(TTIP,Acros)缓慢添加到无水乙醇(EtOH)在破乳剂中的溶液中,剧烈搅拌0.5小时以防止TTIP溶液局部浓缩。将混合有EtOH的乙醇添加到溶液中以促进水解。将聚乙二醇(PEG,Acros)600添加到溶液中并搅拌1小时。然后将溶液超声处理0.5小时,并在使用前静置24小时。TTIP:EtOH:PEG的摩尔比为1:15:10(对应于5%的TiO2),以便比较使用P25的光降解。通过浸涂将光催化剂T1固定在玻璃纤维上。将玻璃纤维放入溶液中30分钟,然后以10mm/s的速度缩回。将玻璃纤维在100℃下干燥2小时,然后在空气中以5.5℃/min的升温速率在450℃下煅烧2小时。沉积在玻璃纤维上的T1的平均微晶尺寸为9.8nm。
WO2006094915涉及涂覆有式(I)的膦酸酯的金属氧化物纳米颗粒。涂覆有式(I)的膦酸酯的金属氧化物纳米颗粒的制备方法包括在升高的温度下在有机溶剂中混合金属氧化物和式(I)的膦酸酯。在WO2006094915的实施例17中,用膦酸酯化合物涂覆二氧化钛P25(Φ约21nm,获自DEGUSSA)。
US2011226321涉及用化学式1-3中的任一个表示的表面稳定剂覆盖的二氧化钛纳米颗粒:
所述二氧化钛纳米颗粒的制备方法包括:使异丙醇钛与化学式1-3中任一个表示的表面稳定剂在溶剂中混合并反应;并从由此制得的二氧化钛胶体中蒸发溶剂。
G.J.Ruitencamp等,Nanopart,Res.2011,13,2779报告了在两步法中用1-癸基膦酸和十一碳-10-烯基膦酸二乙酯对金红石型二氧化钛进行表面官能化。双重官能化的颗粒具有约13nm的均匀尺寸。通过将官能化的纳米颗粒引入聚丙烯酸苄酯基体中而形成透明的纳米复合材料。包含14.0体积%TiO2的聚合物在λ=586nm下具有1.63的折射率。
对于许多光学应用,非常需要高折射率材料。然而,这些材料由金属氧化物如ZrO2(RI(折射率)约2.13)或TiO2(RI约2.59)组成,它们在印刷漆中不易加工,并且与仅有机载体材料或有机罩面层不相容。已经描述了许多的相容化方法,例如TiO2表面(D.Geldof等,Surface Science,2017,655,31)。然而,羧酸盐配体或硅氧烷配体(总是产生大量不希望的均缩合副产物)尽管易于制备,但对水解不稳定。用膦酸酯配体可以获得高度稳定的表面涂层(WO 2006/094915)。Ti-O-P键合是高度稳定的,并且形成所需的无色涂层(R.Luschtinetz等,J.Phys.Chem.C 2009,113,5730)。吸附和化学稳定键合也很快地发生。膦酸酯配体的稳定性基于膦酸酯(磷酸酯)结构部分在TiO2表面上的特异性结合模式。潜在地,3个氧原子可与金属表面连接,从而增强表面结合。
此外,除了廉价和无毒的TiO2之外,纳米颗粒还可以以各种核尺寸制备。然而,优选的粒度应<40nm,以避免在可见光谱范围内的瑞利散射(W.Casari等,Chem.Eng.Commun.2009,196,549),从而形成透明材料。
然而,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2纳米颗粒存在问题。正如从任何纳米颗粒制备得知的那样,这些颗粒倾向于附聚且随后从水溶液或有机溶液中沉淀出来,因此对于储存和在印刷漆中的应用而言,必须对TiO2纳米颗粒进行适当的处理(保护)。然而,当涂覆有机材料时,根据如下方程式,随着摩尔分数的降低,TiO2纳米晶体的折射率会“被稀释”:
其中θV,TiO2为TiO2材料的体积分数,θw,p为纳米复合材料中的官能化颗粒的重量分数,L为挥发物(例如醇或水)的重量分数(损失),ρTiO2为TiO2的密度,ρm为涂层基体的密度,ρf为颗粒上的官能化层的密度(G.J.Ruitencamp等,J.Nanopart.Res.2011,13,2779)。因此,要保持高折射率并且获得所需的杂化颗粒稳定性,就必须使无机和有机表面处理的比例达到均衡。根据该方程式,应将低折光有机物保持在最低水平,即仅使颗粒具有可溶性和可加工性,而不能过多地“稀释”颗粒的折射率。
这可根据下文给出的发明描述来实现。
本发明的一个方面涉及通过所谓的溶胶-凝胶法制备透明的、可再溶解的、储存稳定的TiO2纳米颗粒,从而得到高折射率材料。
所述制备二氧化钛纳米颗粒的方法包括:
(a)将浓氯化氢溶液(33%,于水中)用一半体积的蒸馏水(60-29.8/体积-体积)稀释,再用乙醇(90-1910/体积-体积)稀释该溶液(得到溶液I),将溶液I添加到先在(无水)乙醇中(10-90/重量-体积)搅拌从而得到溶液II的四异丙氧基钛溶液中,其中I和II的体积相等,
(b)将获得的澄清溶液在室温下搅拌5天,和
(c)将澄清溶液在20-30℃/20mm下蒸发,直至达到恒重,从而获得二氧化钛纳米颗粒。
可通过上述方法获得的二氧化钛纳米颗粒的粒度为1-40nm,优选为1-10nm,更优选为1-5nm。它们可在4℃下储存至少3个月,并可再溶解在甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、2-甲氧基乙醇、异丙醇,2-异丙氧基乙醇、丁醇、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基甲酰胺、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯、乙酸丁酯和二甲基乙酰胺中。在25℃下干燥的二氧化钛纳米颗粒的膜显示出大于1.70(589nm),特别是大于1.75,非常特别是大于1.80的折射率。当二氧化钛纳米颗粒的膜在120℃下干燥时,折射率甚至可为1.95。
通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)证实,二氧化钛纳米颗粒的TiO2含量为至少40%(w)(重量%),优选为至少45%(w),最优选为至少50%(w)。
在另一方面中,本发明涉及通过膦酸酯和醇盐对TiO2纳米颗粒的表面进行官能化。优选地,醇盐或优选的膦酸酯具有可聚合的结构部分,优选为可通过光引发和/或自由基引发而聚合的烯属双键。膦酸酯和醇盐对TiO2纳米颗粒的涂覆可先后或逐步地以任何顺序或同时进行。
表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒的制备方法包括以下步骤:
a)将二氧化钛纳米颗粒溶解在溶剂,例如乙醇或异丙醇中,
(c)搅拌步骤(b)中获得的混合物,直至获得透明溶液,和
(d)蒸发混合物,直至重量保持恒定。
在制备表面官能化二氧化钛纳米颗粒的方法中使用的二氧化钛纳米颗粒优选为根据本发明方法获得的二氧化钛纳米颗粒。
因此,本发明涉及涂覆有如下物质的表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒:
R1和R2彼此独立地为氢或C1-C4烷基,
R3为基团CH2=CH-或式–[CH2]n-R4的基团,其中:
n为1-12的整数,
当n>3时,一个-CH2–可被-S-代替,条件是S不与P或R4直接相连,
R5为氢或C1-C4烷基,
R6为氢或C1-C4烷基,
X1为O或NH,并且
R7为C1-C8烷基,其可被-O-间隔一次或多次和/或被-OH取代一次或多次,
R8为氢或C1-C4烷基,
R9为氢,-CH2OH、-CH2SPh、-CH2OPh或式R10-[CH2OH-O-CH2]n1-的基团,
n1为1-5的整数,
X2为O或NH,
R10为式-CH2-X3-CH2-C(=O)-CR11=CH2的基团,
X3为O或NH,且
R11为氢或C1-C4烷基。
表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒的尺寸为1-40nm,优选为1-10nm,更优选为1-5nm。
当涂覆在玻璃板上并在60℃下干燥时,表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒显示出大于1.70(589nm),特别是大于1.75,非常特别是大于1.80的折射率。
将表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒溶解在乙醇或异丙醇中,并旋涂在浮法玻璃基材上。将涂覆的玻璃基材在60-120℃的温度下干燥,直至重量恒定,并且通过使用Filmetrics F10-RTA-UV光谱仪以内部拟合算法(Cauchy拟合)的白光反射法测定涂层(层厚约400nm)的折射率(RI)。由拟合计算出589nm波长下的折射率。
二氧化钛纳米颗粒与式(I)的膦酸酯和式(II)和(III)的醇盐的重量比为99-1至50-50,优选为80-20至50-50,更优选为70-30至50-50,最优选为65-35至50-50。
式(I)的膦酸酯与式(II)和(III)的醇盐的重量比为1-99至50-50,优选为10-90至50-50,更优选为5-95至50-50,最优选为3-97至50-50。
所述膦酸酯优选为式(I)的膦酸酯,其中:
R1和R2为氢,
R3为基团CH2=CH-或式–[CH2]n-R4的基团,其中:
n为1-4的整数,
在式(A-1)至(A-7)的基团中,式(A-1)和(A-2)的基团是优选的。
其中:
R1和R2为氢,
R3为式–[CH2]n-R4的基团,其中:
n为1-12的整数,
R4为氢。该实施方案具有低折射率稀释和快速涂覆的优点。
其中:
R1和R2为氢,
R3为式–[CH2]n-R4的基团,其中:
n为1-12的整数,
当n>3时,一个-CH2–可被–S–代替,条件是S不与P或R4直接相连,
式(I)的膦酸酯的实例为:
与式(B2)的化合物相比,式(B3)的化合物较不优选。
在式R7O-(II)的醇盐中,R7为C1-C8烷基,其可被-O-间隔一次或多次和/或被-OH取代一次或多次。式(II)的醇盐的实例为CH3O-(D-1)、CH3CH2O-(D-2)、CH3CH2CH2O-(D-3)、(CH3)2CHO-(D-4)、CH3CH2CH2CH2O-(D-5)、(CH3)2CHCH2O-(D-6)、(CH3)2CHOCH2CH2O-(D-7)、(CH3)2CHOCHCH2OH)(CH2CH2O-)(D-8)、(CH3)2CHOCH2CH(OH)(CH2O-)(D-9)。优选的式(II)醇盐为CH3CH2O-(D-2)和(CH3)2CHO-(D-4),这是因为印刷工业中所用的有机溶剂优选包含挥发性的伯和/或仲醇。
式(III)的醇盐优选衍生自以下醇:
根据具体的应用参数,可使用单一的膦酸酯或至多三种不同的膦酸酯的混合物,优选两种重量比为1-99至99-1的膦酸酯的混合物。通常存在至少两种不同的醇盐。
下表显示了表面官能化的TiO2颗粒的实例:
目前,最优选的是表面官能化的TiO2颗粒(T-1)、(T-4)和(T-7)。
具有高折射率和稳定性的表面官能化TiO2纳米颗粒可溶于印刷工业中所用的有机溶剂或有机溶剂的含水混合物中;这些溶剂优选包含挥发性伯或仲醇,例如本领域已知的乙醇、异丙醇等。
因此,本发明涉及一种涂料组合物,其包含本发明的表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒和溶剂。
所述溶剂优选选自水,醇(例如甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、1-丁醇、2-丁醇、异丁醇、叔丁醇、叔戊醇),环状或非环状醚(例如乙醚、四氢呋喃和2-甲基四氢呋喃),酮(例如丙酮、2-丁酮、3-戊酮),醚-醇(例如2-甲氧基乙醇、1-甲氧基-2-丙醇、乙二醇单丁醚、二甘醇单乙醚、二甘醇单丙醚和二甘醇单丁醚),酯(例如乙酸乙酯、丙酸乙酯和3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯)及其混合物。
最优选的是挥发性的伯或仲醇,例如乙醇和异丙醇。
(涂料或印刷油墨)组合物中的溶剂量取决于涂覆方法,印刷方法等。对于凹版印刷,溶剂可以以80-97重量%,优选90-95重量%的量存在于印刷油墨组合物中。
所述组合物(优选印刷油墨组合物)可包含基料。通常,基料是涂料组合物中通常使用的高分子量有机化合物。高分子量有机材料通常具有约103至108g/mol或甚至更高的分子量。它们可例如为天然树脂,干性油,橡胶或酪蛋白,或由其衍生的天然物质,例如氯化橡胶,油改性的醇酸树脂,粘胶,纤维素醚或酯,例如乙基纤维素,乙酸纤维素,丙酸纤维素,乙酰丁酸纤维素或硝化纤维素,但特别为通过聚合、缩聚或加聚获得的全合成有机聚合物(热固性塑料和热塑性塑料)。在聚合树脂的类别中,尤其可提及聚烯烃,例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯或聚异丁烯,以及取代的聚烯烃,例如氯乙烯、乙酸乙烯酯、苯乙烯、丙烯腈、丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯或丁二烯的聚合产物,以及所述单体的共聚产物,例如尤其是ABS或EVA。
就基料树脂而言,可使用热塑性树脂,其实例包括基于聚乙烯的聚合物[聚乙烯(PE)、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)、氯乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯醇-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚丙烯(PP)],乙烯基聚合物[聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚偏二氯乙烯(PVdC)、聚乙酸乙烯酯(PVAc)、聚乙烯醇缩甲醛(PVF)],基于聚苯乙烯的聚合物[聚苯乙烯(PS)、苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物(AS)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)],基于丙烯酸类的聚合物[聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、MMA-苯乙烯共聚物],聚碳酸酯(PC),纤维素[乙基纤维素(EC)、乙酸纤维素(CA)、丙基纤维素(CP)、乙酸丁酸纤维素(CAB)、硝酸纤维素(CN),也称为硝化纤维素],基于氟的聚合物[聚氯氟乙烯(PCTFE)、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、四氟乙烯-六氟乙烯共聚物(FEP)、聚偏二氟乙烯(PVdF)],基于氨基甲酸酯的聚合物(PU),尼龙[6型、66型、610型、11型],聚酯(烷基)[聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚环己烷对苯二甲酸酯(PCT)]、酚醛清漆型酚醛树脂等。此外,也可使用热固性树脂,例如甲阶型酚醛树脂、尿素树脂、三聚氰胺树脂、聚氨酯树脂、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯等,以及天然树脂,例如蛋白质、树胶、紫胶、王古王巴树脂、淀粉和松香。
基料优选包括硝化纤维素、乙基纤维素、乙酸纤维素、乙酸丙酸纤维素(CAP)、乙酸丁酸纤维素(CAB)、羟乙基纤维素(HEC)、羟丙基纤维素(HPC)、醇溶性丙酸酯(ASP)、氯乙烯、乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯、乙烯基、丙烯酸类、聚氨酯、聚酰胺、松香酯、烃、醛、酮、氨基甲酸酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、萜烯酚、聚烯烃、硅酮、纤维素、聚酰胺、聚酯、松香酯树脂、紫胶及其混合物;最优选的是可溶性纤维素衍生物,例如羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、硝化纤维素、羧甲基纤维素,以及壳聚糖和琼脂糖,特别为羟乙基纤维素和羟丙基纤维素。
(涂料或印刷油墨)组合物还可包含额外的着色剂。随后将给出合适的染料和颜料的实例。
(印刷油墨或涂料)组合物还可包含表面活性剂。通常,表面活性剂改变组合物的表面张力。典型的表面活性剂是本领域技术人员所已知的,其例如为阴离子或非离子表面活性剂。阴离子表面活性剂的实例可例如为硫酸盐、磺酸盐或羧酸盐表面活性剂或其混合物。优选烷基苯磺酸盐、烷基硫酸盐、烷基醚硫酸盐、烯烃磺酸盐、脂肪酸盐、烷基和链烯基醚羧酸盐或α-磺酸脂肪酸盐或其酯。
优选的磺酸盐例如为在烷基中具有10-20个碳原子的烷基苯磺酸盐,在烷基中具有8-18个碳原子的烷基硫酸盐,在烷基中具有8-18个碳原子的烷基醚硫酸盐和衍生自棕榈油或牛脂且在烷基结构部分中具有8-18个碳原子的脂肪酸盐。加成到烷基醚硫酸盐上的氧化乙烯单元的平均摩尔数为1-20,优选为1-10。阴离子表面活性剂中的阳离子优选为碱金属阳离子,特别为钠或钾,更特别为钠。优选的羧酸盐为式R9-CON(R10)CH2COOM1的碱金属肌氨酸盐,其中R9为C9-C17烷基烷基或C9-C17链烯基,R10为C1-C4烷基,M1为碱金属,例如为锂、钠、钾,特别为钠。
C9-C17烷基意指正壬基、异壬基、正癸基、异癸基、正十一烷基、异十一烷基、正十二烷基、异十二烷基、正十三烷基、异十三烷基、正十四烷基、异十四烷基、正十五烷基、异十五烷基、正十六烷基、异十六烷基、正十七烷基、异十七烷基。
C9-C17链烯基意指正壬烯基、异壬烯基、正癸烯基、异癸烯基、正十一碳烯基、异十一碳烯基、正十二碳烯基、异十二碳烯基、正十三碳烯基、异十三碳烯基、正十四碳烯基、异十四碳烯基、正十五碳烯基、异十五碳烯基、正十六碳烯基、异十六碳烯基、正十七碳烯基、异十七碳烯基。
非离子表面活性剂可例如为伯或仲醇乙氧基化物,尤其为每醇基平均用1-20mol氧化乙烯乙氧基化的C8-C20脂族醇。优选每醇基平均用1-10mol氧化乙烯乙氧基化的伯和仲C10-C15脂族醇。同样可使用未乙氧基化的非离子表面活性剂,例如烷基多苷、甘油单醚和聚羟基酰胺(葡糖酰胺)。
此外,可适当地添加助剂,包括各种用于改善干燥性能、粘度和分散性的反应性试剂。助剂用于调节油墨的性能,例如可使用改善油墨表面的耐磨性的化合物和促进油墨干燥的干燥剂等。
此外,可根据需要添加用于稳定印刷膜的柔韧性和强度的增塑剂。
(涂料或印刷油墨)组合物可进一步包含分散剂。分散剂可为防止在加热步骤D)之后形成的球形和成型颗粒的附聚或聚集的任何聚合物。分散剂可为具有500-2,000,000g/mol,优选1,500,000-1,000,000g/mol的重均分子量的非离子、阴离子或阳离子聚合物,其在含水混合物中形成溶液或乳液。通常,聚合物可包含极性基团。合适的聚合物分散剂通常具有包含聚合物链和锚定基团的双组分结构。这些的特定组合导致其有效性。
合适的市售聚合物分散剂例如为4046、4047、4060、4300、4330、4580、4585、8512,161、162、163、164、165、166、168、169、170、2000、2001、2050、2090、2091、2095、2096、2105、2150,Ajinomoto Fine Techno的711、821、822、823、824、827,Lubrizol的24000、31845、32500、32550、32600、33500、34750、36000、36600、37500、39000、41090、44000、53095,CP30(丙烯酸和酰基膦酸酯的共聚物)及其组合。
优选的是衍生自(甲基)丙烯酸羟烷基酯的聚合物和/或聚乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯,例如(甲基)丙烯酸羟乙酯和(甲基)丙烯酸羟丙酯,聚乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯,具有胺官能团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯,例如N-[3-(二甲基氨基)丙基](甲基)丙烯酰胺或2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
本发明的涂料组合物可用于涂覆全息图、波导和太阳能电池板。
本发明的涂料或印刷油墨组合物可用于制造表面浮雕微结构,例如光学可变器件(OVD),例如全息图。
在基材上形成表面浮雕微结构的方法包括以下步骤:
a)在基材的离散部分上形成表面浮雕微结构;和
b)将本发明的涂料组合物沉积至表面浮雕微结构的至少一部分上。
本发明的另一具体实施方案涉及在基材上形成表面浮雕微结构的优选方法,其中步骤a)包括:
a1)将可固化复合物施加到基材的至少一部分上;
a2)使至少一部分可固化复合物与表面浮雕微结构形成装置接触;和
a3)使可固化复合物固化。
本发明的组合物可通过常规的印刷机施加到基材上,例如凹版印刷、柔性版印刷、平版印刷、胶印、凸凹版印刷(letterpress intaglio)和/或丝网印刷或其他印刷方法。
在另一实施方案中,所述组合物可通过涂覆技术例如喷涂、浸涂、流延或旋涂来施加。
优选地,印刷方法通过柔性版印刷、胶印或凹版印刷进行。
所得的包含表面官能化TiO2纳米颗粒的涂层在可见光区域是透明的。在干燥后,透明的含表面官能化TiO2纳米颗粒的层的厚度为50-500nm。将含有表面官能化TiO2纳米颗粒的涂层在低于120℃下干燥,以避免损坏有机基材和/涂层。
在另一方面中,本发明涉及表面官能化的TiO2纳米颗粒在可UV固化的可印刷固化油墨中的用途,优选通过凹版印刷处理,从而得到柔性杂化层。
所得产品可用保护涂层涂覆。保护涂层优选是透明或半透明的。该涂层的实例是本领域技术人员所已知的。例如,可使用水性涂料、UV固化涂料或层压涂料。典型的涂料树脂的实例将在下文给出。
可通过凹版印刷将表面官能化的TiO2纳米颗粒涂覆到有机箔上,然后涂覆透明的罩面层,随后进行UV固化(例如IrgacureIrgacure和Lumogen OVD Primer)。以此方式,带有烯烃结构部分的配体,即膦酸酯(I)和/或醇盐(II)/(III)被捕集在涂层中,从而阻止了随后的颗粒迁移和聚集(这将导致透明度的严重损失)。
可通过使用上述方法获得的(安全或装饰)产品构成了本发明的另一主题。
因此,本发明涉及一种安全或装饰元件,其包括基材,该基材在其表面内或表面上可包含标记或其他可见特征,以及位于所述基材表面的至少一部分上的本发明的涂层。
通常,安全产品包括钞票,信用卡,身份证件(例如护照、身份证、驾驶执照或其他验证文件),药物包装,软件,光盘,烟草包装和其他易于伪造或仿造的产品或包装。
基材可包括任何片材。基材可为不透明的、基本上透明的或半透明的,其中WO08/061930中所述的方法特别适于UV光不透明的基材(非透明的)。基材可包括纸,皮革,织物如丝绸、棉、tyvac,膜材料或金属如铝。基材可呈一个或多个片或网的形式。基材可为模制的、纺织的、无纺的、流延的、压延的、吹塑的、挤出的和/或双轴挤出的。基材可包括纸、织物、人造纤维和聚合化合物。基材可包括选自纸、由木浆或棉或无合成木材的纤维制成的纸和板中的任何一种或多种。纸/板可为涂覆的、压光的或机械上光的;由棉或或粗斜棉布含量、Tyvac、亚麻、棉、丝绸、皮革、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚丙烯propafilm、聚氯乙烯、硬质PVC、纤维素、三乙酸酯、乙酸酯聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯、尼龙、丙烯酸类和聚酰亚胺板涂覆的、未涂覆的、模制的。聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯基材可为Melinex型膜取向的聚丙烯(可由DuPontFilms Willimington Delaware的产品编号Melinex HS-2获得)。
基材为透明膜或不透明的基材,例如不透明的塑料,纸,包括但不限于钞票、凭证、护照和任何其他安全或受托文件、自粘邮票和消费封条、卡片、烟草、药物、计算机软件包装以及认证证书,铝等。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,基材是不透明(非透明)的片材,例如纸。有利地,纸可预涂有可UV固化的漆。合适的可UV固化的漆和涂覆方法描述于例如WO2015/049262和WO2016/156286中。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,基材为透明或半透明的片材,例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚氯乙烯、软质聚氯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚(乙烯-共聚-乙酸乙烯酯)、聚碳酸酯、三乙酸纤维素、聚醚砜、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚烯烃(例如聚丙烯)和丙烯酸类树脂。在这些中,优选的是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚丙烯。柔性基材优选是双轴取向的。
如上所述,在基材上形成光学可变图像可包括如上所述在基材的至少一部分上沉积可固化组合物。所述可固化组合物(通常为涂料或漆)可通过凹版印刷、柔性版印刷、喷墨印刷和丝网印刷来沉积。所述可固化漆可通过光化辐射,优选紫外(UV)光或电子束固化。优选地,所述可固化漆是UV固化的。UV固化漆是公知的,并且可例如由BASF SE获得。当暴露于光化辐射或电子束的本发明所用的漆再次与成像垫片分离时,要求漆达到固化阶段,以便将记录保持在亚显微全息衍射光栅图像或图案(光学可变图像,OVI)的上层中。特别适于漆组合物的是可辐射固化的工业涂料和图形技术中使用的典型公知组分(例如光引发剂、单体、低聚物、流平剂等)的混合物。特别合适的是包含一种或数种光潜催化剂的组合物,所述催化剂会引发暴露于光化辐射的漆层聚合。特别适于快速固化和转化为固态的是包含一种或数种对自由基聚合敏感的单体和低聚物如丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯或含有至少一个烯属不饱和基团的单体或/和低聚物的组合物,实例已在上文给出。进一步参考WO2008/061930的第8-35页。
所述UV漆可包含获自Sartomer Europe系列的环氧-丙烯酸酯(10-60%)和一种或数种丙烯酸酯(单官能和多官能的,可由Sartomer Europe获得的单体)(20-90%)和一种或数种光引发剂(1-15%),例如1173和流平剂,例如获自BYK Chemie的361(0.01-1%)。
环氧-丙烯酸酯选自芳族缩水甘油醚、脂族缩水甘油醚。芳族缩水甘油醚例如为双酚A二缩水甘油醚、双酚F二缩水甘油醚、双酚B二缩水甘油醚、双酚S二缩水甘油醚、氢醌二缩水甘油醚,苯酚/二环戊二烯的烷基化产物,例如2,5-双[(2,3-环氧丙氧基)苯基]八氢-4,7-亚甲基-5H-茚(CAS号[13446-85-0]),三[4-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)苯基]甲烷异构体(CAS号[66072-39-7]),苯酚基环氧酚醛清漆(CAS号[9003-35-4])和甲酚基环氧酚醛清漆(CAS号[37382-79-9])。脂族缩水甘油醚的实例包括1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚、1,6-己二醇二缩水甘油醚、三羟甲基丙烷三缩水甘油醚、季戊四醇四缩水甘油醚、1,1,2,2-四[4-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)苯基]乙烷(CAS号[27043-37-4])、聚丙二醇的二缩水甘油醚(α,ω-双(2,3-环氧丙氧基)聚氧化丙烯,CAS号[16096-30-3])和氢化双酚A(2,2-双[4-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)环己基]丙烷,CAS号[13410-58-7])。
所述一种或数种丙烯酸酯优选为选自如下的多官能单体:三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基乙烷三丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基乙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯、四亚甲基二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、三甘醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、四甘醇二丙烯酸酯、三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯(TPGDA)、二丙二醇二丙烯酸酯(DPGDA)、季戊四醇二丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇二丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇五丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯、三季戊四醇八丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三甲基丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇四甲基丙烯酸酯、三季戊四醇八甲基丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇二衣康酸酯、二季戊四醇三衣康酸酯、二季戊四醇五衣康酸酯、二季戊四醇六衣康酸酯、乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、1,3-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、1,3-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,4-丁二醇二衣康酸酯、山梨醇三丙烯酸酯、山梨醇四丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇改性的三丙烯酸酯、山梨醇四甲基丙烯酸酯、山梨醇五丙烯酸酯、山梨醇六丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯的低聚酯、甘油二丙烯酸酯和甘油三丙烯酸酯、1,4-环己烷二丙烯酸酯、分子量为200-1500的聚乙二醇的双丙烯酸酯和双甲基丙烯酸酯;单重至多重(vigintuply)烷氧基化的,更优选单重至多重乙氧基化的三羟甲基丙烷,单重至多重丙氧基化的甘油,或单重至多重乙氧基化和/或丙氧基化的季戊四醇的三丙烯酸酯,例如乙氧基化的三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯(TMEOPTA)和/或其混合物。
光引发剂优选为α-羟基酮、α-烷氧基酮或α-氨基酮化合物和二苯甲酮类化合物的混合物;或α-羟基酮、α-烷氧基酮或α-氨基酮化合物、二苯甲酮类化合物和酰基氧化膦化合物的混合物。
所述可固化组合物优选通过凹版印刷或柔性版印刷来沉积。
所述可固化组合物可为着色的。
通常使用例如Cerutti R950打印机(可由Cerrutti UK Long Hanborough Oxon获得)用许多着色油墨来印刷膜基材。然后,用可紫外固化的漆来印刷基材。将OVD浇铸到具有垫片(其上具有OVD)的可固化组合物的表面中,将全息图像传递到漆中并通过UV灯立即固化,从而成为设置在垫片上的OVD的摹写。
可使用本领域技术人员已知的任何方法来形成衍射光栅,例如US4,913,858、US5,164,227、WO2005/051675和WO2008/061930中所述的那些。
所述可固化涂料组合物可通过常规印刷机施加到基材上,例如凹版印刷、转轮凹版印刷、柔性版印刷、平版印刷、胶印、凸凹版印刷和/或丝网印刷或其他印刷方法。
优选地,当随后将带有增强的衍射图像或图案的基材覆盖在印刷的图片和/或文本上,或者将图片和/或文本预印刷到基材上并且将增强的衍射图像或图案沉积在其上时,这些印刷特征是透过基材可见的,条件是基材本身至少是不透明、半透明或透明的。优选地,印刷在OVD上的TiO2层(例如衍射光栅)也足够薄,从而允许以透射和反射方式观察。换言之,基材上的整个安全元件允许以透射和反射方式观察。
在另一优选实施方案中,安全元件包括能够干涉的多层结构,其中能够干涉的多层结构具有反射层、介电层和部分透明的层(EP1504923、WO01/03945、WO01/53113、WO05/38136、WO16173696),其中介电层设置在反射层和部分透明层之间,且吸收剂层由包含本发明的表面官能化TiO2纳米颗粒的层形成。
适于反射层的材料包括铝、银、铜的混合物或其合金。适于介电层的材料包括二氧化硅、硫化锌、氧化锌、氧化锆、二氧化锆、二氧化钛、类金刚石碳、氧化铟、氧化铟锡、五氧化二钽、氧化铈、氧化钇、氧化铕、铁氧化物、氮化铪、碳化铪、氧化铪、氧化镧、氧化镁、氟化镁、氧化钕、氧化镨、氧化钐、三氧化二锑、一氧化硅、三氧化硒、氧化锡、三氧化钨及其组以及有机聚合物丙烯酸酯。
吸收剂层优选为铝或银层,介电层优选由SiO2形成。
所述可固化组合物可进一步包含改性添加剂,例如着色剂和/或合适的溶剂。
优选地,树脂保持组合物对衍射光栅表面的粘附。
可将特定的添加剂添加到组合物中以改变其化学和/或物理性能。通过将(着色的)无机和/或有机颜料和/或溶剂可溶性染料引入油墨中而获得一系列着色色调,可以实现多色效果。通过添加染料,可以影响透射颜色。通过添加荧光或磷光材料,可以影响透射和/或反射颜色。
合适的着色颜料尤其包括选自如下组的有机颜料:偶氮、偶氮甲碱、次甲基、蒽醌、酞菁、Perinone、苝、二酮吡咯并吡咯,硫靛、二噁嗪亚氨基异吲哚啉、二噁嗪、亚氨基异吲哚啉酮、喹吖啶酮、黄烷士酮、阴丹酮、蒽嘧啶或喹酞酮颜料或其混合物或固溶体;尤其为二噁嗪、二酮吡咯并吡咯、喹吖啶酮、酞菁、阴丹酮或亚氨基异吲哚啉酮颜料,或其混合物或固溶体。
特别感兴趣的着色有机颜料包括C.I.颜料红202、C.I.颜料红122、C.I.颜料红179、C.I.颜料红170、C.I.颜料红144、C.I.颜料红177、C.I.颜料红254、C.I.颜料红255、C.I.颜料红264、C.I.颜料棕23、C.I.颜料黄109、C.I.颜料黄110、C.I.颜料黄147、C.I.颜料橙61、C.I.颜料橙71、C.I.颜料橙73、C.I.颜料橙48、C.I.颜料橙49、C.I.颜料蓝15、C.I.颜料蓝60、C.I.颜料紫23、C.I.颜料紫37、C.I.颜料紫19、C.I.颜料绿7、C.I.颜料绿36、WO08/055807中所述的片状2,9-二氯喹吖啶酮,或其混合物或固溶体。
可有利地使用片状有机颜料,例如片状喹吖啶酮、酞菁、fluororubine、二噁嗪、苝红或二酮吡咯并吡咯。
合适的着色颜料还包括常规的无机颜料;尤其是选自如下组的那些:金属氧化物,锑黄,铬酸铅,硫酸铬酸铅,钼酸铅,群青蓝,钴蓝,锰蓝,氧化铬绿,水合氧化铬绿,钴绿和金属硫化物,例如硫化铈或硫化镉,硫硒化镉,铁酸锌,钒酸铋,普鲁士蓝,Fe3O4,炭黑和混合金属氧化物。
可用于使可固化组合物着色的染料的实例选自偶氮、偶氮甲碱、次甲基、蒽醌、酞菁、二噁嗪、黄烷士酮、阴丹酮、蒽嘧啶和金属络合物染料。优选的是单偶氮染料、钴络合物染料、铬络合物染料、蒽醌染料和铜酞菁染料。
表面浮雕微结构例如为光学可变器件(OVD),其例如为衍射光学可变图像(DOVI)。本文所用的术语“衍射光学可变图像”可指代任何类型的全息图,包括例如但不限于多面全息图(例如2维全息图、3维全息图等)、立体图以及光栅图像(例如点-矩阵、像素图、Exelgram,运动图等)。
光学可变器件的实例为全息图或衍射光栅、莫尔光栅、透镜等。这些光学微结构化器件(或图像)由一系列结构化表面组成。这些表面可具有直或弯曲的轮廓,具有恒定或随机的间距,并且甚至在尺寸上可从微米级到毫米级之间变化。图案可为圆形、线性或者没有均匀的图案。例如,菲涅耳透镜的一面具有微结构化表面,而另一面具有平的表面。微结构化表面由一系列凹槽组成,所述凹槽随着距光轴的距离增加而具有变化的倾斜角。通常,位于斜面之间的拔模面(draft facet)不会影响菲涅耳透镜的光学性能。
本发明的另一方面是上述元件在防止有价、权利、身份、安全标签或商标商品的伪造或复制中的用途。
将就实施例而言进一步讨论本发明的各个方面和特征。下文实施例旨在阐述本发明的各个方面和特征。
通过使用Filmetrics F10-RTA-UV光谱仪以内部拟合算法(Cauchy拟合)的白光反射法测定浮法玻璃基材上的HRI涂层(层厚约400nm)的折射率(RI)。由拟合计算出589nm波长下的折射率。
使用透射电子显微镜(TEM)测量官能化二氧化钛纳米颗粒的尺寸。
实施例
实施例1
膦酸酯的制备:
除非另有说明或以市售形式使用,否则根据WO2006/094915合成膦酸酯丙烯酰胺和丙烯酸酯前体。所有1H-NMR均在300.13MHz下采集,31P-NMR则在121.5MHz下采集。
实施例1.1
在室温下将50.0g市售甲基膦酸二甲酯(Aldrich)溶解在400ml乙腈中,并在40℃下用135.7g三甲基甲硅烷基溴处理20小时。然后,将混合物蒸发并将残余物用过量的甲醇处理以在室温下将甲硅烷基酯水解48小时。蒸发留下了38.0g的甲基膦酸(Bla)以备进一步使用。
1H-NMR(DOCD3):1.42ppm(d)。31P-NMR(DOCD3):±28.4ppm。
实施例1.2
式(I)的膦酸丁酯(R4、R1和R2=H;n=4):
根据实施例1.1给出的方法,由50.0g膦酸二乙基丁基酯获得35.0g膦酸丁酯(B1d),以备进一步使用。
1H-NMR(CDCl3):0.94ppm(t,3H);1.48ppm(m,2H);1.61ppm(m,2H);1.76ppm(m,2H)。31P-NMR(CDCl3):+36.6ppm。
实施例1.3
式(I)的膦酸辛酯(R4、R1和R2=H;n=8):
按照实施例1.1给出的程序,由15.0g膦酸二乙基辛基酯获得11.0g膦酸辛酯(B1e),以备进一步使用。
1H-NMR(CDCl3):0.90ppm(t,3H);1.28-1.41ppm(m,8H);1.57-1.82(m,6H)。31P-NMR(CDCl3):+36.0ppm。
实施例1.4
式(I)的4-丙烯酰胺基-丁基膦酸酯(R4=丙烯酰胺基,R1和R2=H,n=4):
使112.0g 4-氨基丁基膦酸二乙酯(WO2006/094915)与75.0g 2-氯乙酰氯(Aldrich)在600ml二氯甲烷中在59.7g三乙胺存在下在0℃到室温下反应24小时。然后将混合物用1N氯化氢溶液、水和盐水萃取,并用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并蒸发,从而留下111.1g糖浆状物质,将其用于下一步。将产物溶于包含62.0g DBU(二氮杂双环十一烷)和20mg甲氧基苯酚的450ml丙酮中,并在室温下搅拌24小时。随后的蒸发留下残余物,将其用1N氯化氢、饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和盐水萃取,在移除溶剂后,得到67.2g膦酸酯。按照实施例1中给出的程序,用处于475ml乙腈中的85.5g三甲基甲硅烷基溴处理该酯,从而得到47.3g标题化合物(B3b)。
1H-NMR(DOCD3):1.44-1.80ppm(m,6H);3.30ppm(t,2H);5.67ppm(dd,1H);6.24ppm(dd,2H)。31P-NMR(DOCD3):+30.4ppm。
实施例1.5
式(I)的4-乙烯基丁基膦酸酯(R4=乙烯基,R1和R2=H,n=4):
将按照(WO2006/094915)获得的4.8g起始膦酸二乙酯(R4=乙烯基,R1=R2=Et,n=4)按照实施例1.1中的程序用处于乙腈中的6.7g三甲基甲硅烷基溴处理,从而得到3.0g标题化合物(B4b)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3):1.55ppm(m,2H);1.68ppm(m,2H);1.81ppm(m,2H);2.12ppm(m,2H);5.00ppm(m,2H);5.81ppm(m,1H)。31P-NMR(CDCl3):+30.2ppm。
实施例1.6
式(I)的2-甲基丙烯酰氧基丁基膦酸酯(R4=甲基丙烯酰氧基,R1和R2=H,n=2):
按照文献(K.Rajalakshmi等,Polym.Sci.Ser.B,2015,57(5),408)获得起始二甲基2-甲基丙烯酰氧基衍生物(R4=甲基丙烯酰氧基,R1=R2=Me,n=2)。然后,按照实施例1.1中给出的程序,将28.0g该物质用处于120ml乙腈中的41.0g三甲基硅烷基溴处理,从而得到24g标题化合物(B2a),以备进一步使用。
1H-NMR(CDCl3):2.01ppm(s,3H);2.22ppm(m,2H);4.38ppm(m,2H);5.58ppm(s,1H),6.12ppm(s,1H)。31P-NMR(CDCl3):+28.3ppm。
实施例1.7
式(I)的5-甲基丙烯酰氧基-3-硫杂戊基膦酸酯(R4=5-甲基丙烯酰氧基-3-硫杂
戊基,R1和R2=H,n=5):
使32.8g市售二乙基乙烯基膦酸酯与15.6g 2-巯基乙醇和0.5mg乙醇钠(处于1.5ml的无水乙醇中)在107℃下反应32小时。在冷却至室温后,将混合物溶解于二氯甲烷中,用水洗涤并用硫酸钠干燥。过滤并蒸发,留下残留物,将其通过硅胶柱色谱纯化(洗脱液:二氯甲烷–甲醇:40-1),从而得到38.2g中间体醇(R4=5-羟基-3-硫代戊基,R=Et,n=5)。
将34.9g该物质溶于300ml的含22.6g三乙胺和4-甲氧基苯酚作为稳定剂的二氯甲烷中,冷却至-10℃。然后添加27g甲基丙烯酰氯,将混合物搅拌20小时。随后用1N氯化氢、饱和碳酸氢盐溶液和盐水萃取,蒸发留下残留物,将其通过硅胶柱色谱纯化(洗脱液:二氯甲烷-甲醇:40-1),从而得到38.7g标题化合物(B5a)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3):1.97ppm(s,3H);2.16ppm(m,2H);2.87ppm(m,4H);4.35ppm(t,2H);5.63ppm(s,1H);6.16ppm(s,1H)。31P-NMR(CDCl3):+28.5ppm。
实施例2
(每次仅针对一种潜在配体进行理想化处理)透明、可溶和可储存的TiO2纳米颗粒 (每次仅针对一种潜在配体进行理想化处理)的制备:
首先在5L烧瓶中装入200g(0.70mol)市售四异丙醇钛(Aldrich),并用无水乙醇(Merck)填充至2L总体积。将该混合物在室温下平稳地搅拌(200rpm)。随后用漏斗向该溶液中加入第二溶液,该第二溶液由60ml 33%氯化氢(Aldrich)和29.8ml蒸馏水并用乙醇填充至2L总体积而制备。将所得的澄清溶液在室温下搅拌5天,然后在20-30℃/20mm下平稳蒸发,直至达到恒重。
获得透明的泡沫状材料(118.9g),当干燥时可将其压碎成固体。该材料可在4℃下保存至少三个月,而不发生任何可见的变化,并且可明显地再溶解于例如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、2-甲氧基乙醇、异丙醇、2-异丙氧基乙醇、丁醇、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺等中。该材料的至多450℃的TGA(热重分析)显示,重量损失约为42%,这留下至少58%的TiO2总含量。TEM(透射电子显微镜)显示,粒度<5nm。在25℃下干燥的该材料的膜的折射率(RI)(589nm)为1.72;相应地,在120℃下干燥时的RI为1.95。
将二氧化钛纳米颗粒溶解在乙醇或异丙醇中,并旋涂在浮法玻璃基材上。将涂覆的玻璃基材在25℃或120℃的温度下干燥,直至重量恒定,并通过使用Filmetrics F10-RTA-UV光谱仪以内部拟合算法(Cauchy拟合)的白光反射法测定涂层的折射率(RI)(层厚约400nm)。由拟合计算出589nm波长下的折射率.
实施例3
可溶性和可储存的TiO2纳米颗粒的涂层:
实施例3.1
用实施例1.1的式(I)的膦酸酯(R4、R1和R2=H;n=1)涂覆实施例2的TiO2纳米颗
粒:
将1.00g干燥的TiO2纳米颗粒在室温下与溶于2ml乙醇中的0.01-0.75g(1-75%)不同量的实施例1.1的膦酸酯一起溶于10ml乙醇中,并搅拌18-24小时。在搅拌1小时后,所有溶液都是澄清的。1%的样品以7%w/v的乙醇溶液或20%w/v的2-异丙氧基乙醇(R'-OH)溶液的形式保持澄清。
例如,1%的样品在40℃下干燥后,得到厚度约为875nm且RI=1.8240的膜。
实施例3.2
在室温下将10.00g干燥的TiO2纳米颗粒溶解在4.20ml的乙醇中,从而形成透明溶液;在室温下向该混合物中加入溶于0.30ml乙醇中的0.108g实施例1.1的膦酸酯溶液,并搅拌3.5小时。随后,加入溶于0.50ml乙醇中的0.96g化合物(C-10),并将透明混合物搅拌24小时,随后蒸发直至重量保持恒定,从而得到淡黄色糖浆状物质。
实施例3.3
用实施例1.1的式(I)膦酸酯(R4、R1和R2=H;n=1)和实施例1.4的式(I)膦酸酯(R4
=丙烯酰胺基,R1和R2=H,n=4)涂覆实施例2的TiO2纳米颗粒:
在室温下将10.00g干燥的TiO2纳米颗粒与0.20g实施例1.1的膦酸酯一起溶解在50ml乙醇中,从而形成透明溶液,并搅拌2.5小时;然后,在室温下向该混合物中加入溶于20ml乙醇中的0.800g实施例1.4的膦酸酯溶液,并再搅拌18.5小时。随后,将透明混合物蒸发直至重量保持恒定,从而得到淡黄色糖浆状物质。该物质在室温下干燥时显示的RI为1.70,在80℃下干燥时显示的RI为1.81。
实施例3.4
用实施例1.1的式(I)膦酸酯(R4、R1和R2=H;n=1)和实施例1.6的式(I)膦酸酯(R4
=甲基丙烯酰氧基,R1和R2=H,n=2)涂覆实施例2的TiO2纳米颗粒:
用实施例1.1的膦酸酯,实施例1.1的膦酸甲酯和膦酸I(R4=甲基丙烯酰氧基,R=H,n=2)涂覆实施例2的TiO2纳米颗粒:
在室温下将160.00g干燥的TiO2纳米颗粒溶解在60ml乙醇中,向该混合物中加入溶于5ml乙醇中的3.20g实施例1.6的膦酸酯,并搅拌3小时以形成透明溶液;在室温下向该混合物中加入溶于5ml乙醇中的12.60g实施例1.1的膦酸酯溶液,并再搅拌18.5小时。滤出细粉,蒸发透明混合物,直至重量保持恒定,从而得到淡黄色糖浆状物质。该物质在80℃干燥时显示的RI为1.76。
实施例3.5
用实施例1.1的式(I)膦酸酯(R4、R1和R2=H;n=1)和实施例1.7的式(I)膦酸酯(R4
=5-甲基丙烯酰氧基-3-硫杂戊基,R1和R2=H,n=5)涂覆实施例2的TiO2纳米颗粒:
在室温下将1.00g干燥的TiO2纳米颗粒溶解在3.00ml乙醇中,向该混合物中加入溶于2ml乙醇中的0.275g实施例1.7的膦酸酯,并搅拌7小时以形成透明溶液;在室温下向该混合物中加入溶于2ml乙醇中的0.02g实施例1.1的膦酸酯溶液,并再搅拌18.5小时。蒸发透明混合物,直至重量保持恒定,从而得到淡黄色糖浆状物质。
实施例3.6
用实施例1.3的式(I)膦酸酯(R4、R1和R2=H;n=8)和实施例1.7的式(I)膦酸酯(R4
=5-甲基丙烯酰氧基-3-硫杂戊基,R1和R2=H,n=5))涂覆实施例2的TiO2纳米颗粒:
在室温下将2.00g干燥的TiO2纳米颗粒溶解在20.00ml乙醇,向该混合物中加入溶于4ml乙醇中的0.100g实施例1.3的膦酸酯和0.50g实施例1.7的膦酸酯,并搅拌24小时以形成透明溶液。蒸发透明混合物直至重量保持恒定,从而得到白色泡沫状物质,其在乙醇中形成透明溶液。
实施例3.7
用实施例1.6的式(I)膦酸酯(R4=乙烯基,R1和R2=H,n=4)和醇(C-10)涂覆实施
例2的TiO2纳米颗粒:
在室温下将10.00g干燥的TiO2纳米颗粒溶于4.20ml乙醇中,向该混合物中加入溶于0.30ml乙醇中的0.300g实施例1.6的膦酸,并搅拌3小时;随后,加入溶于0.50ml乙醇中的0.96g醇(C-10),并再搅拌24小时。蒸发透明混合物直至重量保持恒定,从而得到淡黄色糖浆状物质,其在乙醇中形成透明溶液。
实施例4
包含钛纳米颗粒的膜的RI和膜厚的测量
将钛纳米颗粒在乙醇中以1:10的比例稀释。将该溶液在室温下用磁力搅拌器以低速(大致为50rpm)混合。用乙醇清洁玻璃板并擦拭干净,不留下任何纤维或污染。然后将玻璃板进行两次电晕处理(功率300W)。通过真空将玻璃板固定在旋涂机上。该溶液是视觉透明的。在混合后,用移液管分别取0.1g和0.2g量的溶液,施加至玻璃板的中央。打开旋涂机,并以150rpm的转速运行10秒钟,紧接着以10000rpm的转速运行4秒钟。视觉检查确保涂层是透明的。
将涂覆的玻璃板在60-120℃的温度下干燥,直至重量恒定,并通过使用Filmetrics F10-RTA-UV光谱仪以内部拟合算法(Cauchy拟合)的白光反射法测定涂层(层厚约400nm)的折射率(RI)。由拟合计算出589nm波长下的折射率。
结果汇总在下表中:
然后将涂覆的玻璃板在室温下储存在封闭的培养皿中。
实施例5
凹版印刷
将包含实施例3.1至3.7的产物(40)的钛纳米颗粒稀释至最终浓度6.5%(w/v)(固体:表面处理的TiO2颗粒)。使用70l/cm的凹版印刷滚筒以10-90m/min的印刷速度,加热90℃,通过凹版印刷将所得油墨印刷在包含全息图和无全息图的PET箔上。
所得的箔是高度透明的且颜色较少。全息图是明亮的,并且从任何角度都可以看到,在用10微米的UV漆对印刷的箔进行罩面涂覆之后,全息图的结构仍然可见。
Claims (17)
1.用如下物质处理的表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒:
R1和R2彼此独立地为氢或C1-C4烷基,
R3为基团CH2=CH-或式–[CH2]n-R4的基团,其中:
n为1-12的整数,
当n>3时,一个-CH2–可被-S-代替,条件是S不与P或R4直接相连,
R5为氢或C1-C4烷基,
R6为氢或C1-C4烷基,
X1为O或NH,并且
R7为C1-C8烷基,其可被-O-间隔一次或多次和/或被-OH取代一次或多次,
R8为氢或C1-C4烷基,
R9为氢,-CH2OH、-CH2SPh、-CH2OPh或式R10-[CH2OH-O-CH2]n1-的基团,
n1为1-5的整数,
X2为O或NH,
R10为式-CH2-X3-CH2-C(=O)-CR11=CH2的基团,
X3为O或NH,且
R11为氢或C1-C4烷基。
2.根据权利要求1的表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒,其具有1-40nm,特别为1-10nm,非常特别为1-5nm的尺寸。
3.根据权利要求1或2的表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒,其中二氧化钛纳米颗粒与式(I)的膦酸酯和式(II)和(III)的醇盐的重量比为99-1至50-50。
4.根据权利要求3的表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒,其中式(I)的膦酸酯与式(II)和(III)的醇盐的重量比在1-99至50-50之间变化。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒,当涂覆在玻璃板上并在60℃下干燥时,其表现出大于1.70,特别是大于1.75,非常特别是大于1.80的折射率。
9.一种涂料组合物,其包含根据权利要求1-8中任一项的表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒和溶剂。
10.一种安全或装饰元件,其包括:基材,该基材可在其表面内或表面上包含标记或其他可见特征;以及位于所述基材表面的至少一部分上的涂层,其包含根据权利要求1-8中的任何一项的表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒。
11.一种在基材上形成表面浮雕微结构的方法,包括以下步骤:
a)在基材的离散部分上形成表面浮雕微结构;和
b)将根据权利要求9的涂料组合物沉积在表面浮雕微结构的至少一部分上。
12.根据权利要求11的方法,其中步骤a)包括:
a1)将可固化复合物施加到基材的至少一部分上;
a2)使至少一部分可固化复合物与表面浮雕微结构形成装置接触;和
a3)使可固化复合物固化。
13.一种制备二氧化钛纳米颗粒的方法,包括:
(a)将浓氯化氢溶液(33%,于水中)用一半体积的蒸馏水(60-29.8/体积-体积)稀释,再用乙醇(90-1910/体积-体积)稀释该溶液(得到溶液I),将溶液I添加到先在(无水)乙醇中(10-90/重量-体积)搅拌从而得到溶液II的四异丙氧基钛溶液中,其中I和II的体积相等,
(b)将获得的澄清溶液在室温下搅拌5天,和
(c)将澄清溶液在20-30℃/20mm下蒸发,直至达到恒重,从而获得二氧化钛纳米颗粒。
15.可通过根据权利要求13的方法获得的二氧化钛纳米颗粒,其具有1-40nm,特别是1-10nm,非常特别是1-5nm的粒度,至少40重量%的TiO2含量,其在25℃下干燥的膜显示出大于1.70的折射率(589nm)。
16.根据权利要求15的二氧化钛纳米颗粒,其可在4℃下储存至少3个月,并且可再溶解在甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、2-甲氧基乙醇、异丙醇、2-异丙氧基乙醇、丁醇、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯和乙酸丁酯中。
17.根据权利要求9的涂料组合物用于涂覆全息图、波导和太阳能电池板的用途。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP17182268 | 2017-07-20 | ||
EP17182268.7 | 2017-07-20 | ||
PCT/EP2018/069269 WO2019016136A1 (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2018-07-16 | TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES FUNCTIONALIZED ON SURFACE BY PHOSPHONATE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN110945084A true CN110945084A (zh) | 2020-03-31 |
CN110945084B CN110945084B (zh) | 2022-05-10 |
Family
ID=59558169
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201880048072.XA Expired - Fee Related CN110945084B (zh) | 2017-07-20 | 2018-07-16 | 膦酸酯表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11274219B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3655485A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN110945084B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2019016136A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111474210A (zh) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-31 | 攀钢集团重庆钒钛科技有限公司 | 检测钛白粉在有机体系中电位的方法 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2566975B (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2020-03-25 | De La Rue Int Ltd | Security Device And Method Of Manufacture Thereof |
CA3150847A1 (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2021-03-25 | Basf Se | Metal oxide nanoparticles |
CN115867614A (zh) | 2020-08-21 | 2023-03-28 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 具有高折射率的可uv固化涂层 |
CN113120956A (zh) * | 2021-03-27 | 2021-07-16 | 邵阳学院 | 一种纳米二氧化钛-CuInSe2复合材料及其制备方法 |
EP4234641A1 (en) | 2022-02-25 | 2023-08-30 | Basf Se | Compositions, comprising modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles and uses thereof |
WO2024012962A1 (en) | 2022-07-11 | 2024-01-18 | Basf Se | Uv-curable coatings having high refractive index |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1123808A (zh) * | 1994-10-14 | 1996-06-05 | 泰奥塞集团服务有限公司 | 经过处理的无机固体粒子 |
US20050164876A1 (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2005-07-28 | The Hong Hong Polytechnic University, A University Of Hong Kong | Photocatalyst and methods of making such |
CN102658103A (zh) * | 2012-04-17 | 2012-09-12 | 太原理工大学 | 一种高活性水分散性纳米二氧化钛的制备方法及应用 |
US20120276683A1 (en) * | 2012-07-01 | 2012-11-01 | Mohammad-Reza Mohammadi | Method for preparing titania pastes for use in dye-sensitized solar cells |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5164227A (en) | 1987-06-19 | 1992-11-17 | Van Leer Metallized Products (Usa) Limited | Method for embossing a coated sheet with a diffraction or holographic pattern |
US4913858A (en) | 1987-10-26 | 1990-04-03 | Dennison Manufacturing Company | Method of embossing a coated sheet with a diffraction or holographic pattern |
US6761959B1 (en) | 1999-07-08 | 2004-07-13 | Flex Products, Inc. | Diffractive surfaces with color shifting backgrounds |
EP1849620B1 (en) | 2000-01-21 | 2016-03-23 | Viavi Solutions Inc. | Optically variable security devices |
US7161738B2 (en) | 2003-08-07 | 2007-01-09 | Agra Vadeko Inc. | Secure document of value and method of manufacturing same |
DE10349000A1 (de) | 2003-10-17 | 2005-05-19 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sicherheitselement mit Farbkippeffekt |
GB0326576D0 (en) | 2003-11-14 | 2003-12-17 | Printetch Ltd | Printing composition |
JP2008532971A (ja) | 2005-03-08 | 2008-08-21 | チバ ホールディング インコーポレーテッド | 特定のホスホネートにより被覆された金属酸化物ナノ粒子 |
EP2079807B1 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2010-10-06 | Basf Se | New 2,9-dichloroquinacridone in platelet form |
CN101541536A (zh) | 2006-11-21 | 2009-09-23 | 西巴控股有限公司 | 用于制造安全产品的装置和方法 |
KR101113658B1 (ko) | 2010-03-18 | 2012-02-14 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 표면안정제로 개질된 이산화티탄 나노 입자, 이를 포함하는 이산화티탄 나노 잉크, 이를 사용하여 제조되는 태양전지, 및 그의 제조방법 |
EP3052701B1 (en) | 2013-10-04 | 2017-06-28 | Basf Se | High gloss metal effect papers |
WO2016156286A1 (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2016-10-06 | Basf Se | High gloss metal effect papers and boards |
DE102015005446A1 (de) | 2015-04-28 | 2016-11-03 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sicherheitselement mit Mehrschichtstruktur |
-
2018
- 2018-07-16 US US16/631,617 patent/US11274219B2/en active Active
- 2018-07-16 WO PCT/EP2018/069269 patent/WO2019016136A1/en unknown
- 2018-07-16 EP EP18739549.6A patent/EP3655485A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-07-16 CN CN201880048072.XA patent/CN110945084B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1123808A (zh) * | 1994-10-14 | 1996-06-05 | 泰奥塞集团服务有限公司 | 经过处理的无机固体粒子 |
US20050164876A1 (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2005-07-28 | The Hong Hong Polytechnic University, A University Of Hong Kong | Photocatalyst and methods of making such |
CN102658103A (zh) * | 2012-04-17 | 2012-09-12 | 太原理工大学 | 一种高活性水分散性纳米二氧化钛的制备方法及应用 |
US20120276683A1 (en) * | 2012-07-01 | 2012-11-01 | Mohammad-Reza Mohammadi | Method for preparing titania pastes for use in dye-sensitized solar cells |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
B. WANG,* G. L.等: "New High Refractive Index Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Materials from Sol-Gel Processing", 《MACROMOLECULES》 * |
P. DAVIDE COZZOLI等: "Low-Temperature Synthesis of Soluble and Processable Organic-Capped Anatase TiO2 Nanorods", 《J.AM.CHEM.SOC》 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111474210A (zh) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-31 | 攀钢集团重庆钒钛科技有限公司 | 检测钛白粉在有机体系中电位的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US11274219B2 (en) | 2022-03-15 |
US20200165471A1 (en) | 2020-05-28 |
EP3655485A1 (en) | 2020-05-27 |
CN110945084B (zh) | 2022-05-10 |
WO2019016136A1 (en) | 2019-01-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN110945084B (zh) | 膦酸酯表面官能化的二氧化钛纳米颗粒 | |
JP6203253B2 (ja) | セキュリティエレメント及びホログラムの製造方法 | |
CN105392851B (zh) | 安全元件及其生产方法 | |
US9617435B2 (en) | Clear magnetic intaglio printing ink | |
CN102639651B (zh) | 用于加密元件和全息图的涂料组合物 | |
JP6126586B2 (ja) | Uvインクジェット印刷インキ組成物 | |
RU2645161C2 (ru) | Защитные элементы и способ их получения | |
JP2002513843A (ja) | 多層のコレステリック顔料 | |
CN110832040A (zh) | 制备金属纳米颗粒层的方法及其在装饰或安全元件中的用途 | |
CN110832110A (zh) | 制备金属纳米颗粒层的方法及其在装饰或安全元件中的用途 | |
US20220389245A1 (en) | Metal oxide nanoparticles | |
EP4234641A1 (en) | Compositions, comprising modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles and uses thereof |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20220510 |
|
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |