CN110927397B - Sample analyzer, sample analysis method and storage medium - Google Patents
Sample analyzer, sample analysis method and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN110927397B CN110927397B CN201811236999.4A CN201811236999A CN110927397B CN 110927397 B CN110927397 B CN 110927397B CN 201811236999 A CN201811236999 A CN 201811236999A CN 110927397 B CN110927397 B CN 110927397B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N35/00613—Quality control
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a sample analyzer, a sample analysis method and a storage medium, wherein the sample analyzer comprises the following components: a sample amount determining device, a test tube cap detecting device and a sampling and distributing device; the sample size determining device is used for determining the total sample size required by all measurement items; the test tube cap detection device is used for judging whether a test tube for containing a sample is provided with a test tube cap or not; if the sample analyzer has the test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not available, the sample analyzer enters a second mode; in a first mode, the sampling and distributing device collects at least one total sample size at a time and distributes the collected samples to all measurement items in sequence according to a first preset sequence; in the second mode, the sampling and distributing device collects the sample amount required by each measurement item in a second preset sequence in a dividing way, and distributes the sample collected at this time to the corresponding measurement item after collecting the sample amount required by one measurement item each time.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of in vitro diagnosis, and in particular, to a sample analyzer, a sample analysis method, and a storage medium.
Background
Sample analyzers, such as biochemical immunoassays, coagulation analyzers, or blood cell analyzers, typically use a test tube to hold a sample. To avoid contamination, some test tubes are provided with a test tube cap. Therefore, if the capped test tube is directly put on the machine for detection, the sampling needle needs to puncture the test tube cap during sampling, and the problems that the test tube cap falls scraps or the sampling needle bends and deforms to influence detection can occur.
For example, when using a coagulation analyzer to detect plasma in blood, the coagulation analyzer stores a blood sample in a capped tube for centrifugation and detects the centrifuged blood sample on-machine, most of the full-automatic coagulation analyzers currently do not support the on-machine detection of capped tubes, mainly because the detection of a coagulation item is usually to suck one sample, perform one item of test, and if one patient sample needs to perform conventional four items of detection, then four samples need to be sucked. If there is the condition of test tube cap, the sampling needle need pierce through the test tube cap repeatedly when carrying out the multiple sample absorption of a test tube, because the test tube cap is generally rubber material, the easy piece that produces after pierce through repeatedly, the piece then probably blocks up the sampling needle, on the other hand, the sampling needle receives certain resistance when penetrating the test tube cap, the sampling needle is when pierce through the test tube cap repeatedly, probably produce the bending deformation of sampling needle to cause collision and inhale the inaccurate problem of appearance, generally need change the sampling needle this moment.
The few coagulation analyzers can support the on-machine detection of capped test tubes, the main technology adopted is a sample split charging method, the sampling needle 1 (with a puncture function) is used for sucking the required sample amount of all test items from the capped test tubes at one time and moving the sample amount into an open buffer container (generally a test cup for coagulation analysis), and then the sampling needle 2 is used for sucking the samples one by one from the buffer container for detection.
However, when the on-machine detection of the capped test tube is performed by adopting a sample split charging mode, two sets of sampling needles and pipetting devices (such as a syringe and a plunger pump) are generally required to be equipped, so that the structure of a sample analyzer such as a coagulation analyzer is complex, and the instrument miniaturization is not facilitated; when the disposable buffer container is adopted, the buffer container needs to be replaced after each test is completed, so that the detection cost is increased; when the non-disposable buffer container is adopted, the problems of cleaning maintenance and carrying pollution are required to be considered, so that the steps of sample analysis are complicated, the maintenance cost of the instrument is increased, and the instrument is not beneficial to miniaturization.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, it is desirable in the embodiments of the present invention to provide a sample analyzer, a sample analysis method, and a storage medium, which can simplify the structure of the sample analyzer and the steps of sample analysis, reduce the maintenance cost of the apparatus, and facilitate the miniaturization of the apparatus.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a sample analyzer including: a sample amount determining device, a test tube cap detecting device and a sampling and distributing device;
the sample size determining device is used for determining the total sample size required by all measurement items;
the test tube cap detection device is used for judging whether a test tube for containing a sample is provided with a test tube cap or not; if the sample analyzer has a test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not available, the sample analyzer enters a second mode;
in the first mode, the sampling and distributing device collects at least the total sample size at one time and distributes collected samples to all measurement items in sequence according to a first preset sequence;
in the second mode, the sampling and distributing device collects the sample size required by each measurement item in a second preset sequence in a divided mode, and distributes the sample collected at this time to the corresponding measurement item after collecting the sample size required by one measurement item each time.
In the above sample analyzer, the cuvette cap detecting means includes a photodetecting section that detects whether the cuvette has a cuvette cap using a photodetecting technique.
In the above-described sample analyzer, the photodetection means includes a light emitter and a light receiver;
the detection light emitted by the light emitter is directed to the position of the test tube cap, and if the test tube does not have the test tube cap, the detection light passes through the test tube and is received by the light receiver; if the cuvette has a cuvette cap, the detection light is blocked by the cuvette cap; or alternatively
The detection light emitted by the light emitter irradiates the position of the test tube cap, and if the test tube is provided with the test tube cap, the detection light is reflected by the test tube cap and received by the light receiver; if the test tube does not have a tube cap, the detection light is emitted to the outside through the test tube.
In the above-described sample analyzer, the photodetection means includes an image sensor that acquires a test tube image, and judges whether or not the test tube has a test tube cap by performing image analysis on the test tube image.
In the above-described sample analyzer, the sampling and dispensing device includes a sampling needle and an elastic member, the sampling needle and the elastic member being connected; when the sampling needle is inserted into a test tube with a test tube cap, the elastic component deforms in the process of touching and piercing the test tube cap by the sampling needle, and the test tube cap detection device generates an electric signal according to the deformation and judges whether the test tube is provided with the test tube cap according to the electric signal.
In the sample analyzer, the cuvette cap detection device includes one of a photoelectric detection part, a pressure detection part, and a capacitance detection part.
In the above sample analyzer, the sampling and dispensing device includes a sampling needle, the cuvette cap detection device includes a pressure detection member, and the sampling needle and the pressure detection member form a liquid path connection; when the sampling needle is inserted into a test tube with a test tube cap, in the process that the sampling needle pierces the test tube cap, the pressure detection component detects pressure change before and after the sampling needle pierces, and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the pressure change.
In the sample analyzer, the sample analyzer further comprises a test tube clamping device, wherein the test tube clamping device is used for clamping and moving the test tube, and the position of the test tube clamped by the test tube clamping device is a test tube cap position;
the test tube cap detection device is arranged on the test tube clamping device, generates an electric signal according to the opening angle or the opening size of the test tube clamping device when clamping the test tube, and judges whether the test tube is provided with the test tube cap or not according to the electric signal.
In the above-described sample analyzer, the sample analyzer further includes a cleaning device;
In the first mode, after the sampling and dispensing device dispenses the collected samples to all measurement items, the sampling and dispensing device moves to a cleaning position, and the cleaning device cleans the sampling and dispensing device.
In the above-described sample analyzer, the sample analyzer further includes a reagent dispensing device; in the first mode, if the current measurement item needs to be added with a reagent, the reagent dispensing device dispenses the reagent to the current measurement item after the sampling and dispensing device dispenses the sample to the current measurement item.
In the above sample analyzer, if the sample size determining means determines that the total sample size required for all measurement items exceeds a first preset threshold, the sampling and dispensing means may collect the total sample size plus an additional sample size at once in the first mode.
In the above-described sample analyzer, if the sample size determining means determines that the total sample size required for all measurement items exceeds a second preset threshold, the sample analyzer enters a second mode.
In the above-described sample analyzer, the sample analyzer further includes a temporary storage container for temporarily storing a portion of the collected sample, which is available to a user; the sampling and dispensing device dispenses into the temporary storage container an excess sample amount in the collected sample, the excess sample amount being a residual sample amount of the collected sample minus the total sample amount.
The embodiment of the invention provides a sample processing method of a sample analyzer, which comprises the following steps:
determining the total sample size required by all measurement items;
judging whether a test tube for containing a sample is provided with a test tube cap or not;
if the sample analyzer has a test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not available, the sample analyzer enters a second mode;
in the first mode, collecting at least the total sample size at one time, and sequentially distributing collected samples to all measurement items according to a first preset sequence;
and in the second mode, the sample quantity required by each measurement item is acquired in a plurality of times according to a second preset sequence, and after the sample quantity required by one measurement item is acquired each time, the acquired sample is distributed to the corresponding measurement item.
In the above method, in the first mode, after distributing the collected samples to all measurement items, the sampling and distributing device is moved to a cleaning position, and the sampling and distributing device is cleaned.
In the above method, in the first mode, if the current measurement item needs to be added with a reagent, the sample is allocated to the current measurement item, and then the reagent is allocated to the current measurement item.
In the above method, if it is determined that the total sample size required for all measurement items exceeds a first preset threshold, in the first mode, the total sample size plus an additional sample size is collected at once.
In the above method, if it is determined that the total sample size required for all measurement items exceeds a second preset threshold, the sample analyzer enters a second mode.
In the above method, the sample analyzer further comprises a temporary storage container for temporarily storing a portion of the collected sample, which is available to a user; the method further comprises the steps of:
and distributing the redundant sample quantity in the collected sample into the temporary storage container, wherein the redundant sample quantity is the residual sample quantity obtained by subtracting the total sample quantity from the collected sample.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a sample analyzer including: a processor, a memory and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, which when executed by the processor implements the sample analysis method of any of the above.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program for use with a sample analyzer, the computer program when executed by a processor implementing a sample analysis method according to any one of the above.
The embodiment of the invention provides a sample analyzer, a sample analysis method and a storage medium, wherein the sample analyzer comprises the following components: a sample amount determining device, a test tube cap detecting device and a sampling and distributing device; the sample size determining device is used for determining the total sample size required by all measurement items; the test tube cap detection device is used for judging whether a test tube for containing a sample is provided with a test tube cap or not; if the sample analyzer has the test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not available, the sample analyzer enters a second mode; in a first mode, the sampling and distributing device collects at least one total sample size at a time and distributes the collected samples to all measurement items in sequence according to a first preset sequence; in the second mode, the sampling and distributing device collects the sample amount required by each measurement item in a second preset sequence in a dividing way, and distributes the sample collected at this time to the corresponding measurement item after collecting the sample amount required by one measurement item each time. By adopting the implementation scheme of the sample analyzer, the sample analyzer utilizes a set of sampling and distributing device to complete the suction and sample addition of the sample, thereby simplifying the structure of the sample analyzer and being beneficial to the miniaturization of the instrument; the sampling needle is used as a buffer container, and the buffer container does not need to be replaced or cleaned and maintained, so that the sample analysis step is simplified, the instrument maintenance cost is reduced, and the instrument miniaturization is facilitated; the sample analyzer can absorb and distribute samples in two modes according to whether the test tube cap exists or not, so that the sample analyzer can conduct sample analysis of the test tube with the cap and sample analysis of the test tube without the cap, and functions of the sample analyzer are enriched.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram III of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary photoelectric detection unit according to an embodiment of the present invention disposed in an auto-sampler;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary test tube with cap for detecting using an optical correlation coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary test tube without cap using an optical correlation coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary capped cuvette for inspection using a reflective optocoupler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary test tube without cap using a reflective optocoupler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary detection of a capped test tube using collision detection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary detection of uncapped test tubes using collision detection methods according to embodiments of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary test tube capped using a test tube gripping device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary test tube detection without caps using a test tube extraction device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a pressure transformation curve during a sample suction process according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary connection of a cleaning device to a sampling and dispensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 21 is a schematic structural view of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 22 is a block diagram of an exemplary sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 23 is a flow chart of a sample analysis method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 24 is a flow chart of sample analysis of a capped test tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 25 is a flow chart of sample analysis of a tube without cap according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 26 is a schematic diagram eleven of a structure of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
An embodiment of the present invention provides a sample analyzer, as shown in fig. 1, the sample analyzer 1 includes: a sample amount determining device 10, a cuvette cap detecting device 11, a sampling and dispensing device 12;
the sample size determining means 10 is used for determining the total sample size required for all measurement items;
the test tube cap detection device 11 is used for judging whether a test tube for containing a sample is provided with a test tube cap or not; if the sample analyzer has a test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not available, the sample analyzer enters a second mode;
in the first mode, the sampling and dispensing device 12 collects at least the total sample size at a time and sequentially dispenses the collected samples to each measurement item in a first preset order;
In the second mode, the sampling and dispensing device 12 collects the sample amounts required for the respective measurement items in a second preset order in several times, and dispenses the samples collected this time to the corresponding measurement items after collecting the sample amounts required for one measurement item each time.
In the embodiments of the present invention, the sample analyzer may be a biochemical immunity analyzer, a blood coagulation analyzer, a blood cell analyzer, etc., and the blood coagulation analyzer is mainly taken as an example in the following description.
In the embodiment of the invention, a sample analyzer selects different sample sucking and sample adding modes according to whether a test tube containing a sample is provided with a test tube cap or not, firstly, a test tube cap detection device judges whether the test tube containing the sample is provided with the test tube cap or not, and the detection result is uploaded to a main control system of the sample analyzer, at the moment, the main control system judges that the test tube containing the sample is provided with the test tube cap according to the detection result, and the sample analyzer enters a first mode; and when the sample analyzer judges that the test tube containing the sample does not have the test tube cap by using the test tube cap detection device, the sample analyzer enters a second mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first mode is a mode of collecting at least the total sample size at one time and distributing the total sample size to each measurement item in sequence; the second mode is a mode in which the sample amount required for each measurement item is collected in several times, and after the sample amount required for one measurement item is collected each time, the sample collected this time is allocated to the corresponding measurement item.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sample size determining device determines the sample size required by each test item, so as to obtain the total sample size required by all the test items, wherein the total sample size refers to the sample size required by all the test items, and redundant sample sizes can exist in the total sample size.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the sample analyzer 1 further comprises a scratch pad container 13, which can be obtained by a user, for scratch-pad a portion of the collected sample; the sampling and dispensing device 12 dispenses the collected sample into the temporary storage container 13.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sample analyzer further comprises a temporary storage container, wherein the temporary storage container is used for containing the collected sample, and medical staff can review the sample by using the temporary storage container.
In the embodiment of the invention, the method for detecting the pipe cap comprises the following steps:
1. correlation type optocoupler: the light emitter end emits light signals, and when the test tube cap exists, the light receiving end cannot receive the light signals due to shielding light rays; when the test tube cap does not exist, the emitted optical signal can not be shielded, and the optical receiving end can receive the optical signal, so that the detection of the existence of the test tube cap is realized.
2. Reflective optocouplers: the light emitter end emits light, and if the test tube cap exists, the light is reflected back to the light receiver end; if the test tube cap does not exist, no light is reflected to the light receiver end, and signal detection is carried out through the light receiver end, so that whether the test tube has the test tube cap is judged.
3. Gripping: the clamp is utilized to grasp the test tube (the top of the test tube is grasped, so if the test tube is capped, the test tube cap can be grasped simultaneously), the clamp grasp the open angle is different (if the test tube is capped, the open angle is larger), the test tube cap detection device converts the clamp grasp the open angle into an electric signal, and the detection of the presence or absence of the test tube cap is realized according to the electric signal.
4. The photographing identification method comprises the following steps: and acquiring a test tube image by using an image sensor, and carrying out image recognition on the test tube image to realize the detection of the existence of the test tube cap.
5. Collision detection method: the test tube cap detection device comprises a sampling needle with a collision detection function and an elastic component (such as a spring) connected with the sampling needle, when the sampling needle touches the test tube cap, the sampling needle drives the elastic component to deform, and the test tube cap detection device generates an electric signal according to the deformation and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the electric signal.
6. Pressure detection method: the test tube cap detection device comprises a pressure sensor for detecting the hydraulic condition in a pipeline connected with the sampling needle. When the sampling needle pierces into a test tube with a test tube cap, a certain negative pressure exists in the test tube, so that the hydraulic pressure in a pipeline connected with the sampling needle is influenced, and the test tube cap detection device can judge whether the test tube has the test tube cap or not through detecting the change of the pressure.
The specific manner in which the test tube cap is detected by the test tube cap detection device is described in detail below.
Optionally, the test tube cap detection device 11 includes one of a photoelectric detection component 110, a pressure detection component 111, and a capacitance detection component 112, and specifically different test tube cap detection devices are selected according to practical situations, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, the cuvette cap detecting device 11 includes a photodetection unit 110, and the photodetection unit 110 applies a photodetection technique to detect whether the cuvette has a cuvette cap.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, a photoelectric detection unit is disposed on the automatic sampler, and when a test tube containing a sample passes through the photoelectric detection unit, the photoelectric detection unit uses a photoelectric detection technology to detect whether the test tube containing the sample has a test tube cap.
In the embodiment of the invention, the detection mode of the opposite-incidence type optocoupler, the reflection type optocoupler and/or the photographing identification method is realized by utilizing the photoelectric detection component, and the detection mode is specifically selected according to the actual situation, and the embodiment of the invention is not particularly limited.
The specific manner in which the cap of the test tube is inspected using the photodetection means is described in detail below.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5, the photodetection means 110 includes an optical transmitter 1100 and an optical receiver 1101.
The detection light emitted from the light emitter 1100 is directed to the position of the cuvette cap, and if the cuvette does not have the cuvette cap, the detection light passes through the cuvette and is received by the light receiver 1101; if the cuvette has a cuvette cap, the detection light is blocked by the cuvette cap; or alternatively
The detection light emitted from the light emitter 1100 irradiates the position of the cuvette cap, and if the cuvette has the cuvette cap, the detection light is reflected by the cuvette cap and received by the light receiver 1101; if the test tube does not have a tube cap, the detection light is emitted to the outside through the test tube.
In the embodiment of the invention, the test tube cap detection device can be arranged into a door-shaped structure, and when the photoelectric detection component is utilized to realize the detection method of the correlation optical coupler, the light emitter and the light receiver are respectively arranged at the door frames at the two sides of the door-shaped structure, and the specific process for detecting the test tube cap is as follows: the detection light emitted by the light emitter is directed to the position of the test tube cap, and if the test tube does not have the test tube cap, the detection light passes through the test tube and is received by the light receiver; if the cuvette has a cuvette cap, the detection light is blocked by the cuvette cap, and at this time, the light receiver cannot receive the detection light.
As shown in fig. 6, for example, a light emitting end and a light receiving end are respectively provided at both ends of the portal structure, and when the capped cuvette passes through the portal structure, the detection light emitted from the light emitting end is blocked by the cuvette cap, and at this time, the light receiving end cannot receive the detection light.
As shown in fig. 7, for example, a light emitting end and a light receiving end are provided at both ends of the portal structure, respectively, and when a cuvette without a cap passes through the portal structure, detection light emitted from the light emitting end is received by the light receiving end.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the photoelectric detection component is utilized to realize the detection method of the reflective optical coupler, the light emitter and the light receiver are arranged at the door frame at one side of the door-shaped structure, and the specific process for detecting the test tube cap is as follows: the detection light emitted by the light emitter irradiates the position of the test tube cap, and if the test tube is provided with the test tube cap, the detection light is reflected by the test tube cap and is received by the light receiver; if the test tube does not have the test tube cap, then detection light passes through the test tube and shoots to the outside, and the optical receiver can not receive the detection light at this moment.
As shown in fig. 8, for example, the light emitting end and the light receiving end are provided at a side door frame of a door-shaped structure, and when a capped cuvette passes through the door-shaped structure, the detection light emitted from the light emitting end is reflected by the cuvette cap, and at this time, the light receiving end receives the detection light.
As shown in fig. 9, the light emitting end and the light receiving end are disposed at a side door frame of the door-shaped structure, and when the cuvette without the cap passes through the door-shaped structure, the detection light emitted from the light emitting end is not reflected by the cuvette cap, and the light receiving end cannot receive the detection light.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 10, the photodetection unit 110 includes an image sensor 1102, and the image sensor 1102 acquires a test tube image, and determines whether the test tube has a test tube cap by performing image analysis on the test tube image.
In the embodiment of the invention, the photoelectric detection part comprises an image sensor, and the detection method for realizing a photographing identification method by utilizing the photoelectric detection part comprises the following steps: when the test tube loaded with the sample passes through the test tube cap detection device, the image sensor acquires a test tube image, and performs image recognition on the test tube image, so as to judge whether the test tube loaded with the sample has the test tube cap.
The specific manner in which the caps are tested using collision detection is described in detail below.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 11, the sampling and dispensing device 12 includes a sampling needle 120 and an elastic member 121, and the sampling needle 120 is connected to the elastic member 121; when the sampling needle 120 is inserted into a test tube with a test tube cap, the elastic part 121 deforms during the process of touching and piercing the test tube cap by the sampling needle 120, and the test tube cap detection device 11 generates an electric signal according to the deformation and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the electric signal.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sampling and distributing device comprises a sampling needle and an elastic component, the sampling needle is connected with the elastic component, the test tube cap detection device comprises a capacitance detection component, and the sampling needle, the elastic component connected with the sampling needle and the capacitance detection component can be utilized to realize a detection method of a collision detection method, which comprises the following steps: when the sampling needle inserts the test tube that has the test tube cap, the sampling needle touches and pierces the test tube cap, at this moment, the elastic component takes place to deform, the deformation of elastic component arouses the change of electric capacity, test tube cap detection device utilizes the electric capacity to detect the part with the deformation of elastic component and changes the electric signal, and confirm the preset signal interval that this electric signal belongs to, when this electric signal belongs to first preset signal interval, detect that the test tube has the test tube cap, when this electric signal belongs to second preset signal interval, detect that the test tube does not have the test tube cap, at this moment, test tube cap detection device has judged whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the electric signal.
Optionally, the collision detection method may also use an optocoupler for inspection. In the embodiment of the invention, the test tube cap detection device comprises an optocoupler detection component, wherein the optocoupler detection component consists of a detection optocoupler and a baffle plate, a sampling needle and an elastic component connected with the sampling needle can be utilized, a detection method of a collision detection method is realized on the tail of the sampling needle, the baffle plate connected with the elastic component and the detection optocoupler connected with the baffle plate, as shown in fig. 12, when the sampling needle is inserted into a test tube with the test tube cap, the sampling needle touches and pierces the test tube cap, at the moment, the baffle plate prevents the elastic component from deforming, the change range of an electric signal value of the detection optocoupler is small, and the test tube is detected to be provided with the test tube cap; as shown in fig. 13, when the sampling needle is inserted into the test tube without the test tube cap, the elastic component deforms, and the position of the baffle changes at this time, so that the change range of the electric signal value of the detection optocoupler is large, and the test tube is detected to be without the test tube cap.
In the embodiment described in the collision detection method, the sampling needle used for sampling in the sampling and dispensing device is also used for detecting the test tube cap, and in other embodiments, the sampling needle used for detecting the test tube cap can be replaced by another detection probe specially used for detecting the test tube cap, that is, the sampling needle does not have the test tube cap detection function, and the description is omitted here.
The specific manner in which the caps are tested using pressure detection is described in detail below.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 14, the sampling and dispensing device 12 includes a sampling needle 120, the cuvette cap detecting device 11 includes a pressure detecting part 111, and the sampling needle 120 and the pressure detecting part 111 form a liquid path connection; when the sampling needle 120 is inserted into a test tube having a test tube cap, the pressure detecting part 111 detects a pressure change before and after the penetration of the sampling needle in the process that the sampling needle 120 penetrates the test tube cap, and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the pressure change.
In the embodiment of the invention, the test tube cap detection device comprises a pressure detection component, wherein a liquid path is formed between a sampling needle and the pressure detection component through a pipeline, when the sampling needle pierces the test tube cap and is inserted into a test tube with the test tube cap, the pressure detection component detects the pressure change value before and after the sampling needle pierces the test tube cap, and whether the test tube has the test tube cap is judged according to the pressure change.
The specific manner in which the caps are tested using the pinch grip method is described in detail below.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 15, the sample analyzer 1 further includes a test tube gripping device 14, the test tube gripping device 14 is used for gripping and moving the test tube, and a position of the test tube gripping device 14 where the test tube is gripped is a test tube cap position;
the test tube cap detection device 11 is disposed on the test tube gripping device 14, generates an electrical signal according to an opening angle or a size of the test tube gripping device 14 when gripping the test tube, and judges whether the test tube has a test tube cap according to the electrical signal.
In the embodiment of the invention, the test tube gripping device is a gripper for gripping a test cup in the sample analyzer, and is specifically selected according to practical situations, and the embodiment of the invention is not particularly limited.
In the embodiment of the invention, the test tube clamping device clamps and moves the test tube by clamping the position of the test tube cap, the capacitance detection component generates an electric signal according to the opening angle or the size of the test tube clamping device when clamping the test tube with the cap, when the test tube clamping device clamps the test tube with the cap, the opening angle of the test tube clamping device is large, and the corresponding electric signal generated according to the opening angle is large, and at the moment, the test tube is judged to have the test tube cap; when the test tube clamping device clamps the test tube without the cap, the opening angle of the test tube clamping device is small, and the corresponding electric signal generated according to the opening angle is small, so that the test tube is judged to have no test tube cap.
In the embodiment of the invention, one end of the test tube clamping device is provided with the detection optocoupler, the other end of the test tube clamping device is provided with the baffle, and the baffle is inserted in the middle position of the detection optocoupler, as shown in fig. 16, when the test tube clamping device clamps the test tube with the cap, the opening angle of the test tube clamping device is increased, and at the moment, the baffle is pulled away from the middle position of the detection optocoupler for a longer distance, and at the moment, the electric signal of the detection optocoupler is increased; as shown in fig. 17, when the test tube gripping device grips the test tube without the cap, the opening angle of the test tube gripping device becomes small, and at this time, the blocking piece is pulled away from the middle position of the detection optocoupler by a short distance, and at this time, the electric signal of the detection optocoupler becomes small, and whether the test tube has the test tube cap is judged according to the electric signal generated by the opening angle.
It should be noted that, what kind of test tube cap detection device is used to implement the corresponding test tube cap detection method, specifically, at least one kind of the above is selected according to the actual situation, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited specifically.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the test tube cap detection device detects that the test tube containing the sample has the test tube cap, the sample analyzer determines whether to enter the first mode according to the total sample size, and in the first mode, the total sample size to be collected by the sampling and distributing device.
The particular sample analyzer determines whether to enter the first mode based on the total sample size and the manner in which the entire sample size is to be collected by the sampling and dispensing device in the first mode is described in more detail below.
Optionally, if the sample size determining means determines that the total sample size required for all measurement items exceeds a first preset threshold, in the first mode the sampling and dispensing means collects the total sample size plus an additional sample size at once.
It should be noted that, in the first mode, the sampling needle is used as a buffer container for samples, and the total sample volume required by all measurement items needs to be sucked at one time, because the capacity of the sampling needle is limited (for example, 35 uL), when the sample volume buffered in the sampling needle is large, a part of samples must enter a pipeline connected to the rear end of the sampling needle, and a small amount of cleaning liquid exists in the pipeline, although the cleaning liquid and the samples are isolated by using an isolating bubble in the pipeline, after the travel of the samples in the pipeline is prolonged, the isolating bubble may be unstable, and the sample cleaning liquid caused by breakage contacts and generates dilution, so in order to prevent the samples from being diluted after entering the pipeline, when the sample analyzer judges that the total sample volume can enter the pipeline connected to the rear end of the sampling needle, the sampling and distributing device collects the total sample volume once plus the additional sample volume.
In an embodiment of the present invention,when the total sample size is greater than the threshold value V th1 When (a first preset threshold value), the characterization sample enters the pipeline connected with the rear end of the sampling needle, and the sampling and dispensing device needs to additionally suck a certain sample volume V d As a volume to prevent dilution.
Optionally, if the sample size determining means determines that the total sample size required for all measurement items exceeds a second preset threshold, the sample analyzer enters a second mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the first mode, the sample size actually required to be inhaled in the sampling needle isWherein V is i The sample size required for the ith item. Since the syringe capacity responsible for sample aspiration is limited (e.g., 500 uL), the actual aspiration sample volume V is calculated T After that, it is necessary to check again when V T > threshold V th2 When the sample quantity actually required to be inhaled in the characterization sampling needle is too large, the sampling needle is not suitable for being switched to the second mode by adopting the first mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the sample size determining device determines that the total sample size exceeds the second preset threshold value, the software interface gives a prompt such as 'sample size overrun', and informs an operator that the sample is not suitable for testing in a capped test tube mode.
After the sample analyzer determines whether to enter the first mode or the second mode, the sample analyzer performs a sample sucking and loading process in the first mode or the second mode, and a specific sample sucking and loading method of the sample analyzer in the first mode or the second mode is described in detail below.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a sample analyzer at least includes: the automatic sampler is used for dispatching test tubes containing samples on the test tube rack, clamping claws used for grabbing test cups, incubation plates used for placing the test cups, and sampling and distributing devices used for sucking and adding the samples; wherein the test tube cap detection device may be part of an autosampler.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sampling and distributing device comprises a sampling needle with puncture and liquid level detection functions, a syringe used for driving the sampling needle to suck and discharge samples, wherein the tail end of the sampling needle is connected with a needle seat of the syringe through a pipeline, the sampling needle is provided with three working positions, namely a sample sucking position, a sample adding position and a cleaning position, wherein the cleaning position can be arranged between the sample sucking position and the sample adding position; the needle is then lowered below the sample level in the tube, the syringe is activated to draw at least a total sample volume of sample from the tube, and after this is completed, the needle is lifted, at which point the sample preparation phase is completed. The sample analyzer moves the sampling needle to the sample adding position, a new test cup is grabbed by the clamp and placed in the incubation plate, the incubation plate moves the new test cup to the lower part of the sample adding position sampling needle, the sample analyzer pricks the sampling needle into the test cup, the injector is started to add the sample quantity required by the corresponding test item into the new test cup, the sampling needle is lifted after the completion, so that the sample analyzer completes the sample adding process of one test item, and the sample adding process is repeated until the sample adding process of all the test items of the sample is completed.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the sample analyzer enters the second mode, the sample analyzer moves a sampling needle to a sample sucking position by utilizing a sampling and distributing device, and moves a test tube containing a sample to the position below the sampling needle at the sample sucking position by utilizing an automatic sampler; then the sampling needle is pricked down to the position below the liquid level of the sample in the test tube, the injector is started to enable the sampling needle to absorb the sample with the required sample amount corresponding to the test item from the test tube, the sampling needle is lifted after the completion, the sample analyzer moves the sampling needle to the sample adding position, a new test cup is grabbed by a clamp and placed in an incubation plate, the incubation plate moves the new test cup to the position below the sampling needle, the sample analyzer pricks down the sampling needle into the test cup, the injector is started to add the required sample amount of the test item into the new test cup, the sampling needle is lifted after the completion, the sample analyzer completes the sample absorbing and sample adding process of the test item, and the sample absorbing and sample adding process is repeated until the sample absorbing and sample adding process of all the test items of the sample is completed.
Further, when the sample analyzer enters the first mode and performs sample suction by using the sampling and dispensing device, the sample analyzer performs state monitoring on the sample suction process by using the pressure detecting part, alarms when an abnormality of the sample suction process is identified, and prompts an abnormal result.
It should be noted that, in the process that the sample analyzer enters the first mode and the sampling needle is used to perform sample suction, since the sampling needle needs to collect the total sample volume required by all measurement items at one time, when the measurement items are too many, the total sample volume is larger than the sample volume contained in the test tube, and at this time, the sample volume contained in the test tube is insufficient, resulting in an abnormal sample suction process; or when the blood plasma contains foreign matters, the foreign matters in the blood plasma can cause needle blockage in the sample suction process, so that the abnormality of the sample suction process can influence the accuracy of the detection result, and therefore, the pressure detection part is required to monitor the sample suction process.
In the embodiment of the invention, the pressure detection component is arranged between the sampling needle and the injector, one end of the pressure detection component is connected with the tail end of the sampling needle through a pipeline, the other end of the pressure detection component is connected with the needle seat of the injector through a pipeline, when the sampling needle is used for sucking samples, the pressure detection component detects the pressure value of the sample sucking process, the sample analyzer determines the pressure change curve in the sample sucking process according to the pressure value of the sample sucking process, and the pressure change curve is compared with the standard pressure change curve, so that whether the sample sucking process is abnormal or not is judged.
Fig. 18 is a typical pressure change curve detected by the pressure detecting unit during the sampling and loading process of the sampling needle according to an embodiment, wherein the pressure is stabilized at P0 before the sampling starts, the pressure is reduced as the syringe reaches the maximum sampling speed under the drive of the motor when the sampling starts, the pressure is reduced to Pa after the syringe stops, the pressure is gradually increased to the vicinity of the initial stage P0 after a certain time (the time is a stable stage, the pressure in the stable stage is denoted as Ps), the pressure is gradually increased to the vicinity of the initial stage P0 when the sampling starts, the pressure is increased to Pd as the syringe reaches the maximum sampling speed under the drive of the motor when the sampling starts, the pressure is increased to Pd after the syringe stops, the pressure is gradually returned to the vicinity of the initial stage P0 after a certain time (the time is also a stable stage).
Specifically, the abnormality detection method includes three types: 1. the sampling needle has a liquid level detection function, the sample analyzer presets a limit position for detecting the liquid level in a descending manner, the limit position is generally a position where the needle tip of the sampling needle is positioned at the bottom of the test tube, and when the sampling needle descends to the limit position and the liquid level is not detected yet, the sample analyzer recognizes that the abnormal type is 'lack of plasma', and prompts the result. 2. And recording a pressure value Ps in a stable stage by using the pressure detection component at a certain sampling frequency, if the Ps sampled by the pressure detection component at any time are smaller than a first preset threshold Pth1, representing that the blood plasma is insufficient and absorbed into blood cells, or the blood plasma contains a clot to block a sampling needle, so that the pressure cannot be recovered and stable, and identifying that the abnormal type is 'lack of blood plasma or clot', and prompting the result. 3. And recording a pressure value Pa of the sample suction stage by using the pressure detection component at a certain sampling frequency, if Pa sampled by the pressure detection component at any time is larger than a second preset threshold Pth2, indicating that the pressure caused by insufficient plasma or bubbles in the sample suction process is too low, identifying that the abnormal type is 'lack of plasma or bubbles', and prompting the result.
In the embodiment of the invention, the pressure detection component is a pressure sensor, and is specifically selected according to practical situations, and the embodiment of the invention is not particularly limited.
Exemplary, as shown in table 1, are three exception types and corresponding hints.
| Abnormality type | Meaning of | Operation prompt bar information |
| 1 | Lack of plasma | Lack of plasma |
| 2 | The blocking needle has insufficient sample suction | Absence of plasma or presence of clotting |
| 3 | Insufficient suction sample | Absence of plasma or presence of air bubbles |
In the first mode, after the sampling and dispensing device has dispensed all of the collected samples to the corresponding measurement items, or in the second mode, after the sampling and dispensing device has completed the sample suction and sample addition process for one measurement item, the sample analyzer moves the sampling and dispensing device to the washing station and washes it. The specific manner in which the sampling and dispensing device is cleaned is described in more detail below.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 19, the sample analyzer 1 further includes a cleaning device 15;
in the first mode, after the sampling and dispensing device 12 dispenses the collected sample to all measurement items, the sampling and dispensing device 12 is moved to a cleaning position and the cleaning device 15 cleans the sampling and dispensing device 12.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 20, the sample analyzer further includes a cleaning device, wherein the cleaning device of the sample analyzer includes a cleaning swab provided at a cleaning position, and an electromagnetic valve connected to a syringe, a cleaning pump connected to the electromagnetic valve, and a cleaning liquid buffer reservoir connected to the cleaning pump, wherein the cleaning liquid buffer reservoir stores cleaning liquid, the cleaning pump and the electromagnetic valve are used for transporting the cleaning liquid, when the sampling and dispensing device needs to be cleaned, the sampling needle is moved to the cleaning position, the cleaning pump is started, the cleaning liquid stored in the cleaning liquid buffer reservoir is used for cleaning the sampling needle, and waste liquid after the cleaning is sucked from the cleaning swab to complete a cleaning process of the sampling and dispensing device, and during the cleaning process of the sampling and dispensing device, the sampling and dispensing device completes a corresponding initializing process, such as resetting of the syringe, an isolation air column is established to isolate the sample from the cleaning liquid, and the like.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the first mode, when the sampling and distributing device distributes the collected samples to all measurement items, after the sample adding process of all test items of the samples is completed, the sampling needle is moved to the cleaning position, and the cleaning pump is started to complete the cleaning process of the sampling needle.
Further, in the second mode, after each sample sucking and loading process of one measurement item is completed by the sampling and dispensing device, the sampling needle is moved to the cleaning position, and the cleaning pump is started to complete the cleaning process of the sampling needle.
When the sample analyzer determines that there is a measurement item to which a reagent is to be added, not only the sample but also the reagent is to be dispensed for the measurement item, and the manner in which the reagent is to be dispensed for the measurement item is described in detail below.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 21, the sample analyzer 1 further includes a reagent dispensing device 16; in the first mode, if the current measurement item requires reagent addition, the reagent dispensing device 16 dispenses reagent to the current measurement item after the sampling and dispensing device 12 dispenses a sample to the current measurement item.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the reagent may be a diluent for reducing the concentration of the sample.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sample analyzer further comprises a reagent distribution device, wherein the reagent distribution device comprises a reagent sucking module and a reagent tray module, and in the first mode, the sample analyzer sucks reagents required by the current measurement project by using the reagent sucking module, then clamps and grabs a test cup containing a sample of the current measurement project on the reagent tray module, and adds the reagents sucked by the reagent sucking module into the test cup.
It will be appreciated that in the first mode, the sample analyzer uses the sampling needle to add a sample to the test cup and then uses the other reagent needle to add a diluent to the test cup. Therefore, when a sample is added into the test cup by using the sampling needle, the test cup is free from diluent and cannot pollute the sampling needle, so that the sampling needle does not need to be cleaned after sample is added among different projects, and the speed of sample suction and sample addition is further improved.
The above is a detailed description of the functions of each device in the sample analyzer during the sample analysis, and the following describes the parts and functions of the blood coagulation analyzer, taking the blood coagulation analyzer as an example.
FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing a complete machine of a blood coagulation analyzer, which mainly includes an autosampler, a sample absorbing module, an incubation plate, an optical detection module 1, a pinch grip 2, an optical detection module 2, a magnetic bead detection module, a reagent absorbing module 1, a reagent plate module, an emergency treatment module, and a reagent absorbing module 2, wherein the autosampler is used for moving a test tube containing a sample; the sample sucking module is used for sucking samples from the test tubes and adding the samples into test cups corresponding to all the measurement items; the incubation tray is used for accommodating test cups corresponding to measurement items; the clamping gripper 1 and the clamping gripper 2 are used for moving the test cup to at least one of an incubation disc, an optical detection module 1, an optical detection module 2, a magnetic bead detection module and an emergency treatment module; the reagent sucking module 1 is used for sucking reagent and adding the reagent into a corresponding test cup; the reagent sucking module 2 is used for sucking the diluent and adding the diluent into a corresponding test cup; the reagent disk module is used for containing reagents and diluent; the optical detection module 1, the optical detection module 2, the magnetic bead detection module and the emergency treatment module are used for analyzing and detecting samples in the test cup.
It can be understood that the sample analyzer utilizes a set of sampling and distributing device to complete the suction and sample addition of the sample, thereby simplifying the structure of the sample analyzer and being beneficial to the miniaturization of the instrument; the sampling needle is used as a buffer container, and the buffer container is not required to be replaced or the buffer volume is not required to be cleaned and maintained, so that the sample analysis step is simplified, the instrument maintenance cost is reduced, and the instrument miniaturization is facilitated; the sample analyzer can absorb and distribute samples in two modes according to whether the test tube cap exists or not, so that the sample analyzer can conduct sample analysis of the test tube with the cap and sample analysis of the test tube without the cap, and functions of the sample analyzer are enriched.
Example two
An embodiment of the present invention provides a sample processing method of a sample analyzer, as shown in fig. 23, the method may include:
s101, determining the total sample size required by all measurement items.
The sample processing method provided by the embodiment of the invention is suitable for a scene of processing and analyzing a blood sample by using a sample analyzer.
In the embodiments of the present invention, the sample analyzer may be a biochemical immunity analyzer, a blood coagulation analyzer, a blood cell analyzer, etc., and the blood coagulation analyzer is mainly taken as an example in the following description.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sample analyzer at least comprises a sample size determining device, a test tube cap detecting device and a sampling and distributing device, and the sample analyzer utilizes the sample size determining device to determine the sample size required by each measuring item, thereby determining the total sample size required by all measuring items.
For example, in the case of performing a conventional four-item blood coagulation test using a blood coagulation analyzer, the items to be measured include four measurement items of Prothrombin Time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin Time (APTT, activated Partial Thromboplastin Time), thrombin Time (TT, thrombin Time), fibrinogen (FIB, fibrinogen), and the sample size required for each measurement item is sequentially determined using a sample size determining device, and thus the total sample size required for the four measurement items is determined.
S102, judging whether a test tube for containing a sample is provided with a test tube cap or not.
After the sample analyzer determines the total sample size required for all measurement items, the sample analyzer determines whether the test tube for holding the sample has a cap.
In the embodiment of the invention, a sample analyzer selects different sample sucking and sample adding modes according to whether a test tube containing a sample is provided with a test tube cap or not, firstly, a test tube cap detection device of the sample analyzer judges whether the test tube containing the sample is provided with the test tube cap or not, and the detection result is uploaded to a main control system of the sample analyzer, and at the moment, the main control system judges whether the test tube containing the sample is provided with the test tube cap or not according to the detection result.
In the embodiment of the invention, the method for detecting the pipe cap comprises the following steps:
1. correlation type optocoupler: the light emitter end emits light signals, and when the test tube cap exists, the light receiving end cannot receive the light signals due to shielding light rays; when the test tube cap does not exist, the emitted optical signal can not be shielded, and the optical receiving end can receive the optical signal, so that the detection of the existence of the test tube cap is realized.
2. Reflective optocouplers: the light emitter end emits light, and if the test tube cap exists, the light is reflected back to the light receiver end; if the test tube cap does not exist, no light is reflected to the light receiver end, and signal detection is carried out through the light receiver end, so that whether the test tube has the test tube cap is judged.
3. Gripping: the clamp is utilized to grasp the test tube (the top of the test tube is grasped, so if the test tube is capped, the test tube cap can be grasped simultaneously), the clamp grasp the open angle is different (if the test tube is capped, the open angle is larger), the test tube cap detection device converts the clamp grasp the open angle into an electric signal, and the detection of the presence or absence of the test tube cap is realized according to the electric signal.
4. The photographing identification method comprises the following steps: and acquiring a test tube image by using an image sensor, and carrying out image recognition on the test tube image to realize the detection of the existence of the test tube cap.
5. Collision detection method: the test tube cap detection device comprises a sampling needle with a collision detection function and an elastic component (such as a spring) connected with the sampling needle, when the sampling needle touches the test tube cap, the sampling needle drives the elastic component to deform, and the test tube cap detection device generates an electric signal according to the deformation and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the electric signal.
6. Pressure detection method: the test tube cap detection device comprises a pressure sensor for detecting the hydraulic condition in a pipeline connected with the sampling needle. When the sampling needle pierces into a test tube with a test tube cap, a certain negative pressure exists in the test tube, so that the hydraulic pressure in a pipeline connected with the sampling needle is influenced, and the test tube cap detection device can judge whether the test tube has the test tube cap or not through detecting the change of the pressure.
Specifically, if the method for detecting the correlation optical coupler is a method for detecting the correlation optical coupler, the test tube cap detection device can be arranged into a door-shaped structure, and when the method for detecting the correlation optical coupler is realized by utilizing the photoelectric detection component, the light emitter and the light receiver are respectively arranged at two door frames of the door-shaped structure, and the specific process for detecting the test tube cap is as follows: the detection light emitted by the light emitter is directed to the position of the test tube cap, and if the test tube does not have the test tube cap, the detection light passes through the test tube and is received by the light receiver; if the cuvette has a cuvette cap, the detection light is blocked by the cuvette cap, and at this time, the light receiver cannot receive the detection light.
Specifically, if the method is a detection method of a reflective optocoupler, a light emitter and a light receiver are arranged at a door frame at one side of a door-shaped structure, detection light emitted by the light emitter irradiates the position of a test tube cap, and if the test tube is provided with the test tube cap, the detection light is reflected by the test tube cap and is received by the light receiver; if the test tube does not have the test tube cap, then detection light passes through the test tube and shoots to the outside, and the optical receiver can not receive the detection light at this moment.
Specifically, if the detection method of photographing identification is adopted, the test tube cap detection device can be provided with an image sensor, when the test tube loaded with the sample passes through the test tube cap detection device, the image sensor acquires a test tube image and performs image identification on the test tube image, so as to judge whether the test tube loaded with the sample has a test tube cap or not.
Specifically, if the collision detection method is the collision detection method, the sampling and dispensing device may include a sampling needle and an elastic component (such as a spring) connected with the sampling needle, and the test tube cap detection device uses the sampling needle, the elastic component connected with the sampling needle, and the capacitance detection component to implement the detection method of the collision detection method, specifically: when the sampling needle inserts the test tube that has the test tube cap, the sampling needle touches and pierces the test tube cap, at this moment, the elastic component takes place to deform, the deformation of elastic component arouses the change of electric capacity, test tube cap detection device utilizes the electric capacity to detect the part with the deformation of elastic component and changes the electric signal, and confirm the preset signal interval that this electric signal belongs to, when this electric signal belongs to first preset signal interval, detect that the test tube has the test tube cap, when this electric signal belongs to second preset signal interval, detect that the test tube does not have the test tube cap, at this moment, test tube cap detection device has judged whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the electric signal.
Specifically, if the test tube cap detection device is a collision detection method, the test tube cap detection device may include an optocoupler detection component, where the optocoupler detection component is composed of a detection optocoupler and a baffle plate, and the detection method of the collision detection method may be implemented by using a sampling needle, an elastic component connected with the sampling needle, a baffle plate connected with the elastic component at the tail of the sampling needle, and the detection optocoupler connected with the baffle plate, as shown in fig. 12, when the sampling needle is inserted into a test tube with a test tube cap, the sampling needle touches and pierces the test tube cap, at this time, the baffle plate prevents the elastic component from deforming, and the change range of the electric signal value of the detection optocoupler is small, so as to detect that the test tube has the test tube cap; as shown in fig. 13, when the sampling needle is inserted into the test tube without the test tube cap, the elastic component deforms, and the position of the baffle changes at this time, so that the change range of the electric signal value of the detection optocoupler is large, and the test tube is detected to be without the test tube cap.
Specifically, in case of the pressure detection method, the test tube cap detection device may include a pressure detection part, wherein a liquid path is formed between the sampling needle and the pressure detection part through a pipeline, and when the sampling needle pierces the test tube cap and inserts a test tube having the test tube cap, the pressure detection part detects a pressure variation value before and after the sampling needle pierces the test tube cap, and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the pressure variation.
Specifically, if the test tube gripping device grips and moves the test tube by gripping the position of the test tube cap, the capacitance detection component can generate an electric signal according to the opening angle or the size of the test tube gripping device when gripping the test tube with the cap, when the test tube gripping device grips the test tube with the cap, the opening angle of the test tube gripping device is large, and the corresponding electric signal generated according to the opening angle is large, so that the test tube is judged to have the test tube cap; when the test tube clamping device clamps the test tube without the cap, the opening angle of the test tube clamping device is small, and the corresponding electric signal generated according to the opening angle is small, so that the test tube is judged to have no test tube cap.
It should be noted that, what kind of test tube cap detection device is used to implement the corresponding test tube cap detection method, specifically, at least one kind of the above is selected according to the actual situation, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited specifically.
S103, if the sample analyzer is provided with a test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not present, the sample analyzer enters a second mode.
When the sample analyzer judges that the test tube for containing the sample is provided with a test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; when the sample analyzer determines that the test tube for holding the sample does not have a test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a second mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the sample analyzer judges that a test tube for containing a sample is provided with a test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a first mode, wherein the first mode is a mode of at least collecting the total sample quantity at one time and distributing the total sample quantity to sample sucking and sample adding modes of all measurement items in sequence; when the sample analyzer judges that the test tube for containing the sample does not have the test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a second mode, wherein the second mode is a sample amount required by collecting each measurement item in a divided mode, and the samples collected at this time are distributed to sample sucking and sample adding modes of the corresponding measurement items.
S104, in the first mode, at least the total sample size is collected at one time, and the collected samples are sequentially distributed to all measurement items according to a first preset sequence.
When the sample analyzer enters the first mode, the sample analyzer collects at least a total sample size at a time and sequentially distributes the collected samples to each measurement item in a first preset order. Assuming that four conventional tests for hemagglutination are required, the sample size required for these four test items needs to be collected at one time.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a sample analyzer at least includes: the automatic sampler for dispatching test tubes filled with samples on test tube racks, clamping jaws for grabbing test cups, incubation plates for placing the test cups, and sampling and distributing devices for sucking and adding the samples.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sampling and distributing device comprises a sampling needle with puncture and liquid level detection functions and an injector for sucking and discharging samples, wherein the tail end of the sampling needle is connected with a needle seat of the injector through a pipeline, the sampling needle corresponds to three working positions, namely a sample sucking position, a sample adding position and a cleaning position, wherein the cleaning position is arranged between the sample sucking position and the sample adding position, a sample analyzer determines the sample amount required by each test item in advance by utilizing a sample amount determining device, so as to obtain the total sample amount required by all the test items, and when the sample analyzer enters a first mode, the sample analyzer horizontally moves the sampling needle to the sample sucking position by utilizing the sampling and distributing device and moves a test tube containing the samples to the position below the sample sucking position of the sampling needle by utilizing an automatic sampler; the needle is then lowered to the sample level in the tube, the syringe is activated to draw at least a total sample volume of sample from the tube, and after this is completed, the needle is lifted, at which point the sample preparation phase is completed. The sample analyzer moves the sampling needle to the sample adding position, a new test cup is grabbed by the clamp grab 1 and placed in the incubation plate, the incubation plate moves the new test cup to the lower part of the sample adding position of the sampling needle, the sample analyzer pricks the sampling needle into the test cup, the injector is started to add the sample amount required by a test item into the new test cup, and the sampling needle is lifted after the completion, so that the sample analyzer completes the sample adding process of the test item, and the sample adding process is repeated until the sample adding process of all the test items of the sample is completed.
Exemplary, as shown in FIG. 24, the test tube with cap is tested on-line by first determining the sampleThe number of items tested in the test mode enters a second mode if the number of the items tested is N=1; when the number of the tested items N is more than 1, the first mode is entered, the sample needle is horizontally moved to a sample sucking position, after the sample liquid level is detected by pricking, the injector is started to suck the sample, and the sample volume is at least the sum V of the sample volumes corresponding to all the tested items N of the sample T After completion, the sample needle is lifted, i.e. the sample preparation phase is completed. For the first test item, a new test cup is grabbed by the clamp grabs 1 and placed in the incubation tray, the sample needle moves to the sample adding position, meanwhile, the incubation tray moves the new test cup to the position below the sample needle sample adding position, after the sample needle and the incubation tray move in place, the sample needle is pricked into the test cup, and the injector is started to enable the sample volume V required by the first test item 1 And adding the sample needle into a test cup, and lifting the sample needle after the sample needle is completed. And (3) the sample adding process of one test is finished, the process is repeated until the sample adding process of all test items of the sample is finished, the sample needle moves to a cleaning position between a sample sucking position and a sample adding position, a cleaning pump is started to clean the sample needle, and waste liquid is sucked from a cleaning swab.
Further, one end of the pressure detection component is connected with the tail end of the sampling needle through a pipeline, the other end of the pressure detection component is connected with a needle seat of the injector through a pipeline, when the sampling needle is used for sampling a sample, the pressure detection component detects the pressure value of the sample sucking process, the sample analyzer determines a pressure change curve in the sample sucking process according to the pressure value of the sample sucking process, compares the pressure change curve with a standard pressure change curve, and further judges whether the sample sucking process is abnormal.
Fig. 18 is a typical pressure change curve detected by the pressure detecting unit during the sampling and sample application processes of the sampling needle according to an embodiment, wherein the pressure is stabilized at P0 before the sampling is started, the pressure is reduced as the syringe reaches the maximum sampling speed under the drive of the motor when the sampling is started, the pressure is delayed for a certain time (the time is a stable stage, the pressure in the stable stage is denoted as Ps) after the syringe is stopped, the pressure is gradually increased to the vicinity of the initial stage P0, the pressure is increased as the syringe reaches the maximum sampling speed under the drive of the motor when the sample application is started, the pressure is increased, and the pressure is gradually returned to the vicinity of the initial stage P0 after the syringe is stopped (the time is also a stable stage).
Specifically, the abnormality detection method includes three types: 1. the sampling needle has a liquid level detection function, the sample analyzer presets a limit position for detecting the liquid level in a descending manner, the limit position is generally a position where the needle tip of the sampling needle is positioned at the bottom of the test tube, and when the sampling needle descends to the limit position and the liquid level is not detected yet, the sample analyzer recognizes that the abnormal type is 'lack of plasma', and prompts the result. 2. And recording a pressure value Ps in a stable stage by using the pressure detection component at a certain sampling frequency, if the Ps sampled by the pressure detection component at any time are smaller than a first preset threshold Pth1, representing that the blood plasma is insufficient and absorbed into blood cells, or the blood plasma contains a clot to block a sampling needle, so that the pressure cannot be recovered and stable, and identifying that the abnormal type is 'lack of blood plasma or clot', and prompting the result. 3. And recording a pressure value Pa of the sample suction stage by using the pressure detection component at a certain sampling frequency, if Pa sampled by the pressure detection component at any time is larger than a second preset threshold Pth2, indicating that the pressure caused by insufficient plasma or bubbles in the sample suction process is too low, identifying that the abnormal type is 'lack of plasma or bubbles', and prompting the result.
In the embodiment of the invention, the pressure detection component is a pressure sensor, and is specifically selected according to practical situations, and the embodiment of the invention is not particularly limited.
Exemplary, as shown in table 1, are three exception types and corresponding hints.
| Abnormality type | Meaning of | Operation prompt bar information |
| 1 | Lack of plasma | Lack of plasma |
| 2 | The blocking needle has insufficient sample suction | Absence of plasma or presence of clotting |
| 3 | Insufficient suction sample | Absence of plasma or presence of air bubbles |
S105, in the second mode, the sample size required by each measurement item is collected in a second preset sequence in a dividing mode, and after the sample size required by one measurement item is collected each time, the collected sample is distributed to the corresponding measurement item.
When the sample analyzer enters the second mode, the sample analyzer needs to collect the sample amount required by each measurement item in a second preset sequence, and after collecting the sample amount required by one measurement item each time, the sample collected this time is distributed to the corresponding measurement item.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the sample analyzer enters the second mode, the sample analyzer horizontally moves a sampling needle to a sample sucking position by utilizing a sampling and distributing device, and moves a test tube containing a sample to the position below the sample sucking position of the sampling needle by utilizing an automatic sampler; then the sampling needle is pricked down to the sample liquid level in the test tube, the injector is started to suck the sample with the sample amount required by a test item from the test tube, the sampling needle is lifted after the completion, the sampling needle is moved to the sample adding position by the sample analyzer, a new test cup is grabbed by the clamp 1 and placed on the incubation plate, the incubation plate moves the new test cup to the position below the sample adding position of the sampling needle, the sampling needle is pricked down to the test cup by the sample analyzer, the injector is started to add the sample with the sample amount required by the test item into the new test cup, the sampling needle is lifted after the completion, so far, the sample analyzer completes the sample sucking and sample adding process of the test item, and the sample sucking and sample adding processes are repeated until the sample sucking and sample adding process of all the test items of the sample is completed.
For example, as shown in fig. 25, when the test tube without cap is tested on the machine, the method of sucking and adding the sample is as follows: the clamping gripper 1 is used for grabbing a new test cup, the sample needle is driven by the sample suction module to horizontally move to suck the sample, at the moment, the automatic sampler dispatches a corresponding test tube containing the sample on the test tube rack to the sample suction position of the sample needle, after the sample needle and the test tube are simultaneously put in place, the injector is started to suck the sample after the sample liquid level is detected, and the sample volume V1 is the sample volume corresponding to a test item of the sample. After the sample needle is sucked, the sample feeding position is lifted and moved, the incubation plate moves a new test cup to the position below the sample feeding position of the sample needle, after the sample needle and the incubation plate are moved in place, the sample needle is pricked into the test cup, the injector is started to add the sample volume V1 into the test cup, after the sample needle is lifted and moved to the cleaning position between the sample suction position and the sample feeding position, the cleaning pump is started to clean the sample needle, and waste liquid is sucked from the cleaning swab. The complete sample adding process of one item 1 of the sample is completed, and the above flow is repeated until the complete sample adding process of one item N of the sample is completed.
It should be noted that, S104 and S105 are two parallel steps after S103, and the specific execution sequence is selected according to the actual situation, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Based on the second embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, after collecting at least the total sample size at a time and sequentially distributing the collected samples to each measurement item according to the first preset sequence in the first mode, that is, after step 103, the sample processing method of the sample analyzer may further include the following steps:
and S106, in the first mode, after the collected samples are distributed to all measurement items, the sampling and distributing device is moved to a cleaning position, and the sampling and distributing device is cleaned.
When the sample analyzer is in the first mode, at least a total sample volume is collected at a time, and after the collected samples are sequentially distributed to the measurement items according to a first preset sequence, the sample analyzer moves the sampling and distribution device to a cleaning position, and the sampling and distribution device is cleaned.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 20, the sample analyzer further includes a cleaning device, wherein the cleaning device of the sample analyzer includes a cleaning swab provided at a cleaning position, and an electromagnetic valve connected to a syringe of the syringe, a cleaning pump connected to the electromagnetic valve, and a cleaning liquid buffer reservoir connected to the cleaning pump, wherein the cleaning liquid buffer reservoir stores cleaning liquid, the cleaning pump and the electromagnetic valve are used for transporting the cleaning liquid, and when the sampling and dispensing device completes a sample loading process of all test items of the sample in the first mode, the sample analyzer moves a sampling needle to the cleaning position, starts the cleaning pump, cleans the sampling needle with the cleaning liquid stored in the cleaning liquid buffer reservoir, and sucks the cleaned waste liquid from the cleaning swab to complete the cleaning process of the sampling and dispensing device.
Further, during the cleaning process of the sampling and dispensing device, the initialization process of the sampling and dispensing device, such as resetting the syringe, establishing an isolation air column to isolate the sample from the cleaning fluid, etc., may also be completed.
Further, in the second mode, after each sample sucking and loading process of one measurement item is completed by the sampling and dispensing device, the sampling needle is moved to the cleaning position, and the cleaning pump is started to complete the cleaning process of the sampling needle.
Based on the second embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, after collecting at least the total sample size at a time and sequentially distributing the collected samples to each measurement item according to the first preset sequence in the first mode, that is, after step 103, the sample processing method of the sample analyzer may further include the following steps:
s107, in the first mode, if the current measurement item needs to be added with a reagent, a sample is allocated to the current measurement item, and then the reagent is allocated to the current measurement item.
When the sample analyzer judges that the reagent needs to be added in the measurement project. In the first mode, after the sample analyzer sequentially distributes the collected samples to the measurement items, the sample analyzer distributes the reagent to the measurement item of this time.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the reagent may be a diluent for reducing the concentration of the sample.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sample analyzer further comprises a reagent distribution device, wherein the reagent distribution device comprises a reagent sucking module and a reagent tray module, and in the first mode, the sample analyzer sucks reagents required by the current measurement project by using the reagent sucking module, then clamps and grabs a test cup containing a sample of the current measurement project into the reagent tray module, and adds the reagents sucked by the reagent sucking module into the test cup.
It will be appreciated that in the first mode, the sample analyzer uses the sampling needle to add a sample to the test cup and then uses the other reagent needle to add a diluent to the test cup. Therefore, when a sample is added into the test cup by using the sampling needle, the test cup is free from diluent and cannot pollute the sampling needle, so that the sampling needle does not need to be cleaned after sample is added among different projects, and the speed of sample suction and sample addition is further improved.
Based on the second embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, after collecting at least the total sample size at a time and sequentially distributing the collected samples to each measurement item according to the first preset sequence in the first mode, that is, after step 103, the sample processing method of the sample analyzer may further include the following steps:
S108, if the total sample size required by all measurement items is determined to exceed a first preset threshold, in the first mode, the total sample size plus the additional sample size is collected at one time.
The sampling needle is used as a buffer container of the sample, the total sample quantity required by all measurement projects is required to be sucked once, because the capacity of the sampling needle is limited (for example, 35 uL), when the sample quantity buffered in the sampling needle is large, a part of the sample is inevitably introduced into a pipeline connected with the rear end of the sampling needle, and a small amount of cleaning liquid exists in the pipeline, although the cleaning liquid and the sample are isolated by using an isolating bubble in the pipeline, the isolating bubble can be unstable after the stroke of the sample in the pipeline is prolonged, and the sample cleaning liquid is crushed to be diluted due to contact, so that in order to prevent the sample from being diluted after being introduced into the pipeline, the sample analyzer judges that the total sample quantity can be introduced into the pipeline connected with the rear end of the sampling needle, and the sampling and distributing device collects the total sample quantity once and the additional sample quantity.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the total sample size is greater than the threshold V th1 When (a first preset threshold value), the characterization sample enters the pipeline connected with the rear end of the sampling needle, and the sampling and dispensing device needs to additionally suck a certain sample volume V d As a volume to prevent dilution.
Based on the second embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, after collecting at least the total sample size at a time and sequentially distributing the collected samples to each measurement item according to the first preset sequence in the first mode, that is, after step 103, the sample processing method of the sample analyzer may further include the following steps:
s109, if the total sample size required by all measurement items is determined to exceed a second preset threshold, the sample analyzer enters a second mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the first mode, the sample size actually required to be inhaled in the sampling needle isWherein V is i The sample size required for the ith item. Since the syringe capacity responsible for sample aspiration is limited (e.g., 500 uL), the actual aspiration sample volume V is calculated T After that, it is necessary to check again when V T > threshold V th2 When the sample quantity actually required to be inhaled in the characterization sampling needle is too large, the sampling needle is not suitable for being switched to the second mode by adopting the first mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the sample size determining device determines that the total sample size exceeds the second preset threshold value, the software interface gives a prompt such as 'sample size overrun', and informs an operator that the sample is not suitable for testing in a capped test tube mode.
Based on the second embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, the sample analyzer further includes a temporary storage container that can be acquired by a user and is used for temporarily storing a portion of the collected samples, where in the first mode, at least a total sample size is collected at a time, and after the collected samples are sequentially allocated to each measurement item according to the first preset order, that is, after step 103, the sample processing method of the sample analyzer may further include the following steps:
s110, distributing the redundant sample quantity in the acquired sample into a temporary storage container, wherein the redundant sample quantity is the residual sample quantity obtained by subtracting the total sample quantity from the acquired sample.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sample analyzer further comprises a temporary storage container, wherein the temporary storage container is used for containing the collected sample, and medical staff can review the sample by using the temporary storage container.
It can be understood that the sample analyzer utilizes a set of sampling and distributing device to complete the suction and sample addition of the sample, thereby simplifying the structure of the sample analyzer and being beneficial to the miniaturization of the instrument; the sampling needle is used as a buffer container, and the buffer container is not required to be replaced or the buffer volume is not required to be cleaned and maintained, so that the sample analysis step is simplified, the instrument maintenance cost is reduced, and the instrument miniaturization is facilitated; the sample analyzer can absorb and distribute samples in two modes according to whether the test tube cap exists or not, so that the sample analyzer can conduct sample analysis of the test tube with the cap and sample analysis of the test tube without the cap, and functions of the sample analyzer are enriched.
Example III
In practical application, under the same inventive concept based on the first to second embodiments, as shown in fig. 26, the sample analyzer 1 may include: a processor 17, a memory 18 and a communication bus 19;
the Processor 17 on the sample analyzer 1 is used to control the sample size determining device 10, the cuvette cap detecting device 11, the sampling and dispensing device 12, the temporary storage container 13, the cuvette clamping device 14, the cleaning device 15, and the reagent dispensing device 16 to implement corresponding functions, and the Processor 17 may be at least one of an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC, application Specific Integrated Circuit), a digital signal Processor (DSP, digitalSignal Processor), a digital signal processing device (DSPD, digital Signal Processing Device), a programmable logic device (PLD, programmable Logic Device), a field programmable gate array (FPGA, field Programmable Gate Array), a central processing unit (CPU, central Processing Unit), a controller, a microcontroller, and a microprocessor. It will be appreciated that the electronics for implementing the functions of the processor 17 described above may be other for different devices, and that the embodiments of the present application are not particularly limited, and that the sample analyzer 1 further comprises a memory 18, wherein the memory 18 is configured to store executable program code comprising computer operation instructions, and the memory 18 may comprise a high-speed RAM memory, and may further comprise a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk memory.
The communication bus 19 is used for connecting the processor 17, the memory 18 and the intercommunication among these devices;
the communication bus 19 is used for carrying out data transmission with an external network element;
the memory 18 for storing instructions and data;
the processor 17 executes the instructions for: determining the total sample size required by all measurement items; judging whether a test tube for containing a sample is provided with a test tube cap or not; if the sample analyzer has the test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not available, the sample analyzer enters a second mode; in a first mode, collecting at least one total sample size at a time, and sequentially distributing collected samples to each measurement item according to a first preset sequence; in the second mode, the sample size required by each measurement item is collected in a second preset sequence in a dividing mode, and after the sample size required by one measurement item is collected each time, the collected sample is distributed to the corresponding measurement item.
In practical applications, the Memory 18 may be a volatile Memory (RAM) such as Random-Access Memory; or a nonvolatile Memory (non-volatile Memory), such as a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a flash Memory (flash Memory), a Hard Disk (HDD) or a Solid State Drive (SSD); or a combination of memories of the above kind and providing instructions and data to the processor 17.
In addition, each functional module in the present embodiment may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional modules.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional modules, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, if not sold or used as separate products, and based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present embodiment may be embodied essentially or partly in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or processor to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in the present embodiment. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc.
The present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by the processor 17 implements the sample analysis method described in embodiments one to two, for use in the sample analyzer 1.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the invention may be provided as a method, server, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, magnetic disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (servers) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (19)
1. A sample analyzer supporting on-board detection of test tubes with test tube caps and on-board detection of test tubes without test tube caps, the sample analyzer comprising a coagulation analyzer, comprising: a sample amount determining device, a test tube cap detecting device and a sampling and distributing device;
The sample size determining device is used for determining the total sample size required by all measurement items;
the test tube cap detection device is used for judging whether a test tube for containing a sample is provided with a test tube cap or not; if the sample analyzer has a test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not available, the sample analyzer enters a second mode;
in the first mode, the sampling and distributing device collects at least the total sample size at one time and distributes collected samples to all measurement items in sequence according to a first preset sequence;
in the second mode, the sampling and distributing device collects the sample quantity required by each measurement item in a second preset sequence in a divided manner, and distributes the sample collected at this time to the corresponding measurement item after collecting the sample quantity required by one measurement item each time;
wherein the sample analyzer further comprises a reagent dispensing device; in the first mode, if the current measurement item needs to be added with a reagent, the reagent dispensing device dispenses the reagent to the current measurement item after the sampling and dispensing device dispenses the sample to the current measurement item.
2. The sample analyzer of claim 1, wherein the cuvette cap detection device comprises a photo detection component that detects whether a cuvette has a cuvette cap using a photo detection technique.
3. The sample analyzer of claim 2, wherein the photodetection means comprises a light emitter and a light receiver;
the detection light emitted by the light emitter is directed to the position of the test tube cap, and if the test tube does not have the test tube cap, the detection light passes through the test tube and is received by the light receiver; if the cuvette has a cuvette cap, the detection light is blocked by the cuvette cap; or alternatively
The detection light emitted by the light emitter irradiates the position of the test tube cap, and if the test tube is provided with the test tube cap, the detection light is reflected by the test tube cap and received by the light receiver; if the test tube does not have a tube cap, the detection light is emitted to the outside through the test tube.
4. The sample analyzer of claim 2, wherein the photodetection means comprises an image sensor that acquires a tube image, and wherein the tube image is subjected to image analysis to determine whether the tube has a tube cap.
5. The sample analyzer of claim 1, wherein the sampling and dispensing device comprises a sampling needle and an elastic member, the sampling needle and the elastic member being connected; when the sampling needle is inserted into a test tube with a test tube cap, the elastic component deforms in the process of touching and piercing the test tube cap by the sampling needle, and the test tube cap detection device generates an electric signal according to the deformation and judges whether the test tube is provided with the test tube cap according to the electric signal.
6. The sample analyzer of claim 5, wherein the cuvette cap detection device comprises one of a photoelectric detection component, a pressure detection component, and a capacitance detection component.
7. The sample analyzer of claim 1, wherein the sampling and dispensing device comprises a sampling needle, the cuvette cap detection device comprises a pressure detection component, the sampling needle and the pressure detection component forming a fluid path connection; when the sampling needle is inserted into a test tube with a test tube cap, in the process that the sampling needle pierces the test tube cap, the pressure detection component detects pressure change before and after the sampling needle pierces, and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the pressure change.
8. The sample analyzer of claim 1, further comprising a test tube gripping device for gripping and moving the test tube, the test tube gripping device gripping the test tube in a test tube cap position;
the test tube cap detection device is arranged on the test tube clamping device, generates an electric signal according to the opening angle or the opening size of the test tube clamping device when clamping the test tube, and judges whether the test tube is provided with the test tube cap or not according to the electric signal.
9. The sample analyzer of claim 1, further comprising a cleaning device;
in the first mode, after the sampling and dispensing device dispenses the collected samples to all measurement items, the sampling and dispensing device moves to a cleaning position, and the cleaning device cleans the sampling and dispensing device.
10. The sample analyzer of claim 1, wherein in the first mode the sampling and dispensing device collects the total sample size plus an additional sample size at a time if the sample size determining device determines that the total sample size required for all measurement items exceeds a first preset threshold.
11. The sample analyzer of claim 1, wherein the sample analyzer enters a second mode if the sample size determination device determines that the total sample size required for all measurement items exceeds a second preset threshold.
12. The sample analyzer of claim 1, further comprising a staging container accessible to a user for staging a portion of the acquired sample; the sampling and dispensing device dispenses into the temporary storage container an excess sample amount in the collected sample, the excess sample amount being a residual sample amount of the collected sample minus the total sample amount.
13. A sample processing method of a sample analyzer supporting on-machine detection of a test tube having a test tube cap and on-machine detection of a test tube not having a test tube cap, the sample analyzer comprising a coagulation analyzer, comprising:
determining the total sample size required by all measurement items;
judging whether a test tube for containing a sample is provided with a test tube cap or not;
if the sample analyzer has a test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not available, the sample analyzer enters a second mode;
in the first mode, collecting at least the total sample size at one time, and sequentially distributing collected samples to all measurement items according to a first preset sequence;
in the second mode, the sample quantity required by each measurement item is collected in a plurality of times according to a second preset sequence, and after the sample quantity required by one measurement item is collected each time, the collected sample is distributed to the corresponding measurement item;
wherein the method further comprises:
in the first mode, if the current measurement item needs to be added with a reagent, a sample is allocated to the current measurement item, and then the reagent is allocated to the current measurement item.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein in the first mode, after the collected samples are assigned to all measurement items, the sampling and dispensing device is moved to a cleaning position, and the sampling and dispensing device is cleaned.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein if it is determined that the total sample size required for all measurement items exceeds a first preset threshold, in the first mode, the total sample size plus an additional sample size is collected at once.
16. The method of claim 13, wherein the sample analyzer enters a second mode if it is determined that the total sample size required for all measurement items exceeds a second preset threshold.
17. The method of claim 13, wherein the sample analyzer further comprises a scratch pad container accessible to a user for scratch pad a portion of the acquired sample; the method further comprises the steps of:
and distributing the redundant sample quantity in the collected sample into the temporary storage container, wherein the redundant sample quantity is the residual sample quantity obtained by subtracting the total sample quantity from the collected sample.
18. A sample analyzer, the sample analyzer comprising: a processor, a memory and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, which when executed by the processor implements the method of any of claims 13-17.
19. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program for use in a sample analyzer, which computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method according to any of claims 13-17.
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| CN114062694B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-12-06 | 深圳市帝迈生物技术有限公司 | Blood analysis method, blood analysis apparatus, and computer-readable storage medium |
| CN114609400A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-06-10 | 深圳市帝迈生物技术有限公司 | Sample distribution method, sample analyzer and storage medium |
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