CN110927397A - Sample analyzer, sample analysis method and storage medium - Google Patents
Sample analyzer, sample analysis method and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN110927397A CN110927397A CN201811236999.4A CN201811236999A CN110927397A CN 110927397 A CN110927397 A CN 110927397A CN 201811236999 A CN201811236999 A CN 201811236999A CN 110927397 A CN110927397 A CN 110927397A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a sample analyzer, a sample analyzing method and a storage medium, wherein the sample analyzer comprises: the device comprises a sample amount determining device, a test tube cap detecting device and a sampling and distributing device; the sample amount determining device is used for determining the total sample amount required by all the measurement items; the test tube cap detection device is used for judging whether a test tube for containing a sample has a test tube cap; if a test tube cap is provided, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not available, the sample analyzer enters a second mode; in a first mode, the sampling and distribution device collects at least the total sample volume once and distributes the collected samples to each measurement item in turn according to a first preset sequence; and under a second mode, the sampling and distributing device collects the sample volume required by each measurement item in a second preset sequence, and distributes the collected sample to the corresponding measurement item after collecting the sample volume required by one measurement item each time.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of in vitro diagnosis, and in particular, to a sample analyzer, a sample analysis method, and a storage medium.
Background
Sample analyzers, such as biochemical immunoassays, blood coagulation analyzers, or hematology analyzers, typically use a tube to hold a sample. To avoid contamination, some test tubes are provided with a tube cap. Therefore, if the capped test tube is directly used for testing, the sampling needle needs to puncture the test tube cap during sampling, and the problem that the test tube cap falls off scraps or the sampling needle is bent and deformed so as to influence the testing can occur.
For example, when a blood coagulation analyzer is used for detecting plasma in blood, the blood coagulation analyzer stores a blood sample into a capped test tube for centrifugation, and performs detection on the centrifuged blood sample, most of the currently fully automatic blood coagulation analyzers do not support on-machine detection of the capped test tube, and the main reason is that the blood coagulation item is usually detected by sucking a sample once and performing a test on one item, and if a patient sample needs to be subjected to four conventional detections, the sample needs to be sucked four times. If there is the condition of test tube cap, the sampling needle when carrying out the sample absorption many times of a test tube, need pierce through the test tube cap repeatedly, because the test tube cap generally is the rubber material, easily produce the piece after penetrating through repeatedly, the piece then probably blocks up the sampling needle, on the other hand, the sampling needle receives certain resistance when penetrating through the test tube cap, when the sampling needle pierces through the test tube cap repeatedly, probably produce the bending deformation of sampling needle, thereby cause the inaccurate problem of collision and suction appearance, the sampling needle generally needs to be changed this moment.
A few blood coagulation analyzers can support the on-machine detection of a test tube with a cap, the adopted mainstream technology is a sample split charging method, a sampling needle 1 (with a puncture function) is used for sucking the sample amount required by all test items from the test tube with the cap at one time and transferring the sample amount into an open buffer container (generally, a test cup for blood coagulation analysis), and then the sampling needle 2 is used for sucking the samples from the buffer container one by one for detection.
However, when the on-machine detection of the capped test tube is performed by adopting the sample split charging mode, two sets of sampling needles and pipetting devices (syringes, plunger pumps and the like) are generally required to be equipped, which leads to the complicated structure of sample analyzers such as a blood coagulation analyzer and is not beneficial to the miniaturization of the analyzer; and a buffer container is required to be configured for the test of each sample, and when the disposable buffer container is adopted, the buffer container needs to be replaced after each test is finished, so that the detection cost is improved; when a non-disposable buffer container is adopted, the problems of cleaning, maintenance and carrying pollution need to be considered, so that the steps of sample analysis are complicated, the maintenance cost of the instrument is increased, and the miniaturization of the instrument is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention are directed to providing a sample analyzer, a sample analyzing method, and a storage medium, which can simplify the structure of the sample analyzer and the steps of sample analysis, reduce the maintenance cost of the sample analyzer, and facilitate the miniaturization of the sample analyzer.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a sample analyzer, including: the device comprises a sample amount determining device, a test tube cap detecting device and a sampling and distributing device;
the sample amount determining device is used for determining the total sample amount required by all the measurement items;
the test tube cap detection device is used for judging whether a test tube for containing a sample has a test tube cap; if a test tube cap is provided, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not available, the sample analyzer enters a second mode;
in the first mode, the sampling and distribution device collects at least the total sample amount at one time and distributes the collected samples to each measurement item in sequence according to a first preset sequence;
in the second mode, the sampling and distributing device collects the sample volume required by each measurement item in a second preset sequence, and distributes the collected sample to the corresponding measurement item after collecting the sample volume required by one measurement item each time.
In the above sample analyzer, the test tube cap detection device includes a photoelectric detection unit, and the photoelectric detection unit detects whether the test tube has a test tube cap by applying a photoelectric detection technique.
In the above sample analyzer, the photodetecting means includes a light emitter and a light receiver;
the light emitter emits detection light to the position of the test tube cap, and if the test tube does not have the test tube cap, the detection light passes through the test tube and is received by the light receiver; if the cuvette has a cuvette cap, the detection light is blocked by the cuvette cap; or
The light emitter emits detection light to irradiate the position of the test tube cap, and if the test tube has the test tube cap, the detection light is reflected by the test tube cap and is received by the light receiver; if the test tube has no test tube cap, the detection light is emitted to the outside through the test tube.
In the above sample analyzer, the photodetection unit includes an image sensor that acquires an image of the test tube, and performs image analysis on the image of the test tube to determine whether or not the test tube has a test tube cap.
In the above sample analyzer, the sampling and dispensing means comprises a sampling needle and an elastic member, the sampling needle and the elastic member being connected; when the sampling needle is inserted into a test tube with a test tube cap, the sampling needle touches and pierces the test tube cap, the elastic component deforms in the process of the test tube cap, and the test tube cap detection device generates an electric signal according to the deformation and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap or not according to the electric signal.
In the above sample analyzer, the tube cap detecting means includes one of a photoelectric detecting part, a pressure detecting part, and a capacitance detecting part.
In the above sample analyzer, the sampling and dispensing means includes a sampling needle, the test tube cap detecting means includes a pressure detecting member, and the sampling needle and the pressure detecting member form a liquid path connection; when the sampling needle is inserted into a test tube with a test tube cap, the pressure detection component detects the pressure change before and after the sampling needle is pierced in the process of piercing the test tube cap by the sampling needle, and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the pressure change.
In the sample analyzer, the sample analyzer further comprises a test tube gripping device, the test tube gripping device is configured to grip and move the test tube, and a position where the test tube is gripped by the test tube gripping device is a test tube cap position;
the test tube cap detection device is arranged on the test tube clamping device, generates an electric signal according to the opening angle or the size of the test tube when the test tube clamping device clamps the test tube, and judges whether the test tube has a test tube cap or not according to the electric signal.
In the above sample analyzer, the sample analyzer further comprises a washing device;
in the first mode, after the sampling and dispensing device dispenses the collected sample to all measurement items, the sampling and dispensing device is moved to a cleaning position, and the cleaning device cleans the sampling and dispensing device.
In the above sample analyzer, the sample analyzer further comprises a reagent dispensing device; in the first mode, if a reagent needs to be added to the current measurement item, the reagent dispensing device dispenses the reagent to the current measurement item after the sampling and dispensing device dispenses the sample to the current measurement item.
In the above sample analyzer, if the sample amount determining means determines that the total sample amount required for all the measurement items exceeds a first preset threshold, the sampling and dispensing means collects the total sample amount plus an additional sample amount at a time in the first mode.
In the above sample analyzer, if the sample amount determining means determines that the total sample amount required for all the measurement items exceeds a second preset threshold, the sample analyzer enters a second mode.
In the above sample analyzer, the sample analyzer further comprises a buffer container capable of being acquired by a user for buffering a part of the collected sample; the sampling and dispensing device dispenses an excess sample amount of the collected sample into the buffer container, the excess sample amount being a remaining sample amount of the collected sample minus the total sample amount.
The embodiment of the invention provides a sample processing method of a sample analyzer, which comprises the following steps:
determining the total sample size required by all measurement items;
judging whether a test tube for containing a sample is provided with a test tube cap or not;
if a test tube cap is provided, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not available, the sample analyzer enters a second mode;
under the first mode, collecting at least the total sample amount at one time, and distributing the collected samples to each measurement item in sequence according to a first preset sequence;
and under the second mode, acquiring the sample volume required by each measurement item in a second preset sequence, and distributing the acquired sample to the corresponding measurement item after acquiring the sample volume required by one measurement item each time.
In the above method, in the first mode, after the collected sample is assigned to all measurement items, the sampling and assigning device is moved to the cleaning position to clean the sampling and assigning device.
In the above method, in the first mode, if a reagent needs to be added to the current measurement item, the reagent is allocated to the current measurement item after the sample is allocated to the current measurement item.
In the above method, if it is determined that the total sample amount required for all measurement items exceeds a first preset threshold, the total sample amount plus an additional sample amount is collected at a time in the first mode.
In the above method, if it is determined that the total sample amount required for all the measurement items exceeds a second preset threshold, the sample analyzer enters a second mode.
In the above method, the sample analyzer further comprises a buffer container capable of being accessed by a user for buffering a portion of the collected sample; the method further comprises the following steps:
and dispensing an excess sample amount in the collected sample into the temporary storage container, wherein the excess sample amount is the residual sample amount obtained by subtracting the total sample amount from the collected sample.
The embodiment of the invention provides a sample analyzer, which comprises: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, which when executed by the processor implements the sample analysis method of any of the above.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, for application to a sample analyzer, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements any one of the sample analysis methods described above.
The embodiment of the invention provides a sample analyzer, a sample analyzing method and a storage medium, wherein the sample analyzer comprises: the device comprises a sample amount determining device, a test tube cap detecting device and a sampling and distributing device; the sample amount determining device is used for determining the total sample amount required by all the measurement items; the test tube cap detection device is used for judging whether a test tube for containing a sample has a test tube cap; if a test tube cap is provided, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not available, the sample analyzer enters a second mode; in a first mode, the sampling and distribution device collects at least the total sample volume once and distributes the collected samples to each measurement item in turn according to a first preset sequence; and under a second mode, the sampling and distributing device collects the sample volume required by each measurement item in a second preset sequence, and distributes the collected sample to the corresponding measurement item after collecting the sample volume required by one measurement item each time. By adopting the implementation scheme of the sample analyzer, the sample analyzer utilizes a set of sampling and distributing devices to complete the absorption and sample adding of the sample, thereby simplifying the structure of the sample analyzer and being beneficial to the miniaturization of the analyzer; the sampling needle is used as a buffer container, and the buffer container does not need to be replaced or cleaned and maintained, so that the sample analysis step is simplified, the instrument maintenance cost is reduced, and the instrument miniaturization is facilitated; the sample analyzer can absorb and distribute the sample of two kinds of modes according to whether the test tube cap has or not to make the sample analyzer can carry out the sample analysis of taking the cap test tube and the sample analysis of not taking the cap test tube, thereby enriched the function of sample analyzer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary optical detection component disposed in an auto-sampler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary capped cuvette utilizing correlation optical coupling detection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary uncapped cuvette using correlation optical coupling detection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary capped cuvette utilizing reflective optical coupling detection according to embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary uncapped cuvette using reflective optical coupling detection according to embodiments of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram six of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary crash detection method for detecting a capped test tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary crash detection method for detecting uncapped cuvettes in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a seventh schematic structural diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram eight of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary test tube gripping device for detecting a capped test tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary test tube gripping device for detecting uncapped test tubes according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a pressure transition curve during an exemplary sample draw process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram nine of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating the connection of an exemplary cleaning device to a sampling and dispensing device, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 21 is a schematic structural diagram ten of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 22 is a block diagram of an exemplary sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 23 is a flow chart of a method for analyzing a sample according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 24 is a flow chart illustrating sample analysis of a capped test tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 25 is a flow chart of a sample analysis process for a uncapped test tube provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 26 is an eleventh schematic structural diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Example one
An embodiment of the present invention provides a sample analyzer, as shown in fig. 1, where the sample analyzer 1 includes: a sample amount determining device 10, a test tube cap detecting device 11, a sampling and distributing device 12;
the sample amount determination means 10 is used for determining the total sample amount required for all measurement items;
the test tube cap detection device 11 is used for judging whether a test tube for containing a sample has a test tube cap; if a test tube cap is provided, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not available, the sample analyzer enters a second mode;
in the first mode, the sampling and distribution device 12 collects at least the total sample size at a time, and distributes the collected samples to each measurement item in turn according to a first preset order;
in the second mode, the sampling and distribution device 12 collects the sample amount required by each measurement item in a second preset order, and distributes the collected sample to the corresponding measurement item after collecting the sample amount required by one measurement item each time.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the sample analyzer may be a biochemical immunoassay analyzer, a blood coagulation analyzer, a blood corpuscle analyzer, or the like, and the blood coagulation analyzer is mainly used as an example in the following description.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sample analyzer selects different sample absorption and sample adding modes according to whether a test tube containing a sample has a test tube cap or not, firstly, a test tube cap detection device judges whether the test tube containing the sample has the test tube cap or not, and uploads a detection result to a main control system of the sample analyzer, and at the moment, when the main control system judges that the test tube containing the sample has the test tube cap according to the detection result, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; when the sample analyzer determines that the test tube containing the sample does not have a test tube cap using the test tube cap detection device, the sample analyzer enters a second mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first mode is a mode of at least collecting the total sample volume once and distributing the total sample volume to each measurement item in sequence; the second mode is a mode in which the amount of samples required for each measurement item is collected in several times, and after the amount of samples required for one measurement item is collected each time, the samples collected this time are assigned to the corresponding measurement items.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sample size determining device determines the sample size required by each test item, and further obtains the total sample size required by all the test items, wherein the total sample size refers to the sample size required by all the test items, and redundant sample sizes can exist in the total sample size.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the sample analyzer 1 further includes a buffer container 13 capable of being acquired by a user for buffering a part of the collected sample; the sampling and dispensing device 12 dispenses the collected sample into the buffer container 13.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sample analyzer further comprises a temporary storage container, the temporary storage container is used for containing the collected sample, and medical staff can use the sample for reinspection.
In the embodiment of the invention, the mode of detecting the test tube cap comprises the following steps:
1. correlation formula opto-coupler: the light emitter end emits light signals, and when the test tube cap exists, the light receiving end cannot receive the light signals due to the fact that light rays are shielded; when the test tube cap does not exist, the emitted optical signal cannot be shielded, and the optical receiving end can receive the optical signal, so that the detection of the existence of the test tube cap is realized.
2. Reflection-type light coupling: the light emitter end emits light, and if the test tube cap exists, the light can be reflected back to the light receiver end; if no test tube cap exists, no light is reflected to the light receiver end, signal detection is carried out through the light receiver end, and whether the test tube has the test tube cap or not is judged.
3. Clamping and grabbing: utilize the clamp to grab and snatch the test tube (snatch from the test tube top, consequently if the test tube cap is taken to the cap, then can grab the test tube cap simultaneously) the time, the clamp is grabbed open angle and is different (if take the cap test tube, then open the angle bigger), test tube cap detection device will press from both sides and grab open angle and convert the signal of telecommunication to realize the detection that the test tube cap has or not according to the signal of telecommunication.
4. And (3) photographing identification method: and an image sensor is used for acquiring a test tube image, and the test tube image is subjected to image recognition, so that the detection of whether the test tube cap exists or not is realized.
5. A collision detection method: test tube cap detection device is including the sampling needle that possesses the collision and detect the function to and the elastomeric element (like the spring) of being connected with the sampling needle, when the test tube cap was touched to the sampling needle, the sampling needle drove elastomeric element and takes place deformation, and test tube cap detection device generates the signal of telecommunication according to deformation, and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the signal of telecommunication.
6. Pressure detection method: the test tube cap detection device comprises a pressure sensor for detecting the hydraulic condition in a pipeline connected with the sampling needle. When the sampling needle punctures into the test tube with the test tube cap, because there is certain negative pressure in the test tube to influence the hydraulic pressure in the pipeline that is connected with the sampling needle, test tube cap detection device accessible detects the change of pressure and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap.
The specific manner in which the test tube cap detection apparatus detects a test tube cap is described in detail below.
Optionally, the test tube cap detection device 11 includes one of a photoelectric detection part 110, a pressure detection part 111, and a capacitance detection part 112, and specifically, different test tube cap detection devices are selected according to actual situations, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, the test tube cap detection device 11 includes a photoelectric detection unit 110, and the photoelectric detection unit 110 detects whether the test tube has a test tube cap by applying a photoelectric detection technique.
In the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 4, a photoelectric detection part is arranged on the automatic sampler, and when the test tube containing the sample passes through the photoelectric detection part, the photoelectric detection part detects whether the test tube containing the sample has a test tube cap by applying a photoelectric detection technology.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a detection mode of a correlation optical coupler, a reflection optical coupler and/or a photographing identification method is implemented by using a photoelectric detection component, which is specifically selected according to an actual situation, and the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited.
The specific manner in which the cap is detected using the photodetecting means is described in detail below.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 5, the photodetection component 110 includes a light emitter 1100 and a light receiver 1101.
The position where the light emitter 1100 emits detection light toward the cap of the cuvette, which passes through the cuvette and is received by the light receiver 1101 if the cuvette does not have a cap; if the cuvette has a cuvette cap, the detection light is blocked by the cuvette cap; or
The position of the test tube cap is illuminated by the detection light emitted by the light emitter 1100, which is reflected by the test tube cap if the test tube has a test tube cap, and received by the light receiver 1101; if the test tube has no test tube cap, the detection light is emitted to the outside through the test tube.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the test tube cap detection device may be configured in a door-shaped structure, and when the detection method of the correlation type optical coupler is implemented by using the photoelectric detection component, the light emitter and the light receiver are respectively arranged at two side door frames of the door-shaped structure, and the specific process of performing the test tube cap detection is as follows: the light emitter emits detection light to the position of the test tube cap, and if the test tube does not have the test tube cap, the detection light passes through the test tube and is received by the light receiver; if the cuvette has a cuvette cap, the detection light is blocked by the cuvette cap, at which time the light receiver cannot receive the detection light.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 6, a light emitting end and a light receiving end are respectively disposed at two ends of the gate structure, when the capped test tube passes through the gate structure, the detection light emitted from the light emitting end is blocked by the test tube cap, and the light receiving end cannot receive the detection light.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 7, a light emitting end and a light receiving end are provided at both ends of the gate structure, respectively, and detection light emitted from the light emitting end is received by the light receiving end when a cap-free cuvette passes through the gate structure.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the detection method of the reflective optical coupling is realized by using the photoelectric detection component, the optical emitter and the optical receiver are arranged at one side door frame of the door-shaped structure, and the specific process of detecting the test tube cap comprises the following steps: the position of the test tube cap is irradiated by the detection light emitted by the light emitter, and if the test tube is provided with the test tube cap, the detection light is reflected by the test tube cap and is received by the light receiver; if the test tube has no test tube cap, the detection light is emitted to the outside through the test tube, and the light receiver cannot receive the detection light at the moment.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 8, a light emitting end and a light receiving end are provided at a side door frame of a gate structure, and when a capped test tube passes through the gate structure, detection light emitted from the light emitting end is reflected by the test tube cap, and the light receiving end receives the detection light.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 9, the light emitting end and the light receiving end are disposed at one side of the door frame of the gate structure, and when a test tube without a cap passes through the gate structure, the detection light emitted from the light emitting end is not reflected by the test tube cap, and the light receiving end cannot receive the detection light.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 10, the photodetection unit 110 includes an image sensor 1102, and the image sensor 1102 acquires an image of the test tube, and performs image analysis on the image of the test tube to determine whether the test tube has a test tube cap.
In the embodiment of the invention, the photoelectric detection part comprises an image sensor, and the detection method for realizing the photographing identification method by utilizing the photoelectric detection part specifically comprises the following steps: when the test tube that loads the sample passes through test tube cap detection device, image sensor acquires the test tube image to carry out image recognition to the test tube image, and then judge whether the test tube that loads the sample has the test tube cap.
The specific manner in which the tube caps are detected using a collision detection method is described in detail below.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 11, the sampling and dispensing device 12 comprises a sampling needle 120 and an elastic member 121, wherein the sampling needle 120 is connected with the elastic member 121; when the sampling needle 120 is inserted into a test tube with a test tube cap, the sampling needle 120 touches and pierces the test tube cap, so that the elastic part 121 deforms, the test tube cap detection device 11 generates an electric signal according to the deformation, and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the electric signal.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sampling and distributing device comprises a sampling needle and an elastic part, the sampling needle is connected with the elastic part, the test tube cap detection device comprises a capacitance detection part, and the detection method of the collision detection method can be realized by utilizing the sampling needle, the elastic part connected with the sampling needle and the capacitance detection part, and specifically comprises the following steps: when the sampling needle is inserted into a test tube with a test tube cap, the sampling needle touches and pierces the test tube cap, at the moment, the elastic component deforms, the deformation of the elastic component causes the change of capacitance, the test tube cap detection device converts the deformation of the elastic component into an electric signal by using the capacitance detection component, and determines a preset signal interval to which the electric signal belongs, when the electric signal belongs to a first preset signal interval, the test tube is detected to have the test tube cap, when the electric signal belongs to a second preset signal interval, the test tube is detected not to have the test tube cap, at the moment, the test tube cap detection device judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap or not according to the electric signal.
Alternatively, the collision detection method may also use optical coupling for inspection. In the embodiment of the invention, the test tube cap detection device comprises an optical coupler detection part, wherein the optical coupler detection part consists of a detection optical coupler and a blocking piece, a detection method of a collision detection method can be realized by utilizing a sampling needle and an elastic part connected with the sampling needle, and the blocking piece connected with the elastic part and the detection optical coupler connected with the blocking piece at the tail of the sampling needle, as shown in figure 12, when the sampling needle is inserted into a test tube with a test tube cap, the sampling needle touches and pierces the test tube cap, at the moment, the blocking piece prevents the elastic part from deforming, the change range of an electric signal value of the detection optical coupler is small, and the test tube is detected to have the test tube cap; as shown in fig. 13, when the sampling needle is inserted into a test tube without a test tube cap, the elastic component deforms, and the position of the blocking piece changes, so that the change range of the electric signal value of the detection optocoupler is large, and the test tube without the test tube cap is detected.
In the embodiment described in the above collision detection method, the sampling needle used for sampling in the sampling and distributing device is also used for detecting the test tube cap, and in other embodiments, the sampling needle used for detecting the test tube cap may also be replaced with other detection probes specially used for detecting the test tube cap, that is, the sampling needle does not have the test tube cap detection function, and is not described herein again.
The specific manner in which the test tube caps are tested using pressure testing is described in detail below.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 14, the sampling and dispensing device 12 includes a sampling needle 120, the test tube cap detection device 11 includes a pressure detection component 111, and the sampling needle 120 and the pressure detection component 111 form a liquid path connection; when the sampling needle 120 is inserted into a test tube having a test tube cap, in the process that the sampling needle 120 pierces the test tube cap, the pressure detection part 111 detects a pressure change before and after the piercing of the sampling needle, and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the pressure change.
In the embodiment of the invention, the test tube cap detection device comprises a pressure detection part, wherein the sampling needle and the pressure detection part are in liquid path connection through a pipeline, when the sampling needle pierces the test tube cap and is inserted into a test tube with the test tube cap, the pressure detection part detects the pressure change value before and after the sampling needle pierces the test tube cap, and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the pressure change.
The specific manner of inspecting the test tube caps by the pinch-grip method is described in detail below.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 15, the sample analyzer 1 further includes a test tube gripping device 14, the test tube gripping device 14 is configured to grip and move the test tube, and a position where the test tube is gripped by the test tube gripping device 14 is a test tube cap position;
the test tube cap detection device 11 is arranged on the test tube clamping device 14, generates an electric signal according to the opening angle or size of the test tube clamping device 14 when clamping the test tube, and judges whether the test tube has a test tube cap according to the electric signal.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the test tube gripping device is a gripper for gripping a test cup in the sample analyzer, and is specifically selected according to actual conditions, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, the test tube clamping device clamps and moves the test tube by clamping the position of the test tube cap, the capacitance detection part generates an electric signal according to the opening angle or size of the test tube clamping device when clamping the test tube with the cap, when the test tube clamping device clamps the test tube with the cap, the opening angle of the test tube clamping device is large, the corresponding electric signal generated according to the opening angle is large, and at the moment, the test tube is judged to have the test tube cap; when the test tube clamping device clamps the test tube without the cap, the test tube clamping device has a small opening angle, and the corresponding electric signal generated according to the opening angle is small, so that the test tube is judged not to have the test tube cap.
In the embodiment of the invention, one end of the test tube clamping device is provided with the detection optocoupler, the other end of the test tube clamping device is provided with the blocking piece, and the blocking piece is inserted in the middle position of the detection optocoupler, as shown in fig. 16, when the test tube clamping device clamps the capped test tube, the opening angle of the test tube clamping device is increased, the blocking piece is withdrawn from the middle position of the detection optocoupler for a longer distance at the moment, and at the moment, the electric signal of the detection optocoupler; as shown in fig. 17, when the test tube presss from both sides and gets the device and press from both sides and get the test tube that does not take the cap, the test tube presss from both sides and gets the opening angle of device and diminishes, and the separation blade is taken out from the intermediate position that detects the opto-coupler this moment and is separated shorter distance, and at this moment, the signal of telecommunication that detects the opto-coupler diminishes, judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the signal of telecommunication that the.
It should be noted that what kind of test tube cap detection device is used to implement the corresponding test tube cap detection method, at least one of the above methods is specifically selected according to the actual situation, and the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the test tube cap detection device detects that the test tube containing the sample has the test tube cap, the sample analyzer determines whether to enter the first mode according to the total sample volume, and the total sample volume to be collected by the sampling and distribution device in the first mode.
The specific sample analyzer determines whether to enter the first mode based on the total sample size, and the manner in which the sampling and dispensing device will collect the entire sample size in the first mode is described in more detail below.
Alternatively, if the sample amount determining means determines that the total sample amount required for all the measurement items exceeds a first preset threshold, the sampling and distributing means collects the total sample amount plus an additional sample amount at a time in the first mode.
In the first mode, the sampling needle is used as a buffer container for the sample, and the total sample amount required for sucking all the measurement items at one time is required, because the capacity of the sampling needle is limited (for example, 35uL), when the amount of the sample buffered in the sampling needle is large, a part of the sample inevitably enters the pipeline connected with the rear end of the sampling needle, and a small amount of cleaning solution exists in the pipeline, although the cleaning fluid and the sample are isolated by the isolating bubble in the pipeline, when the stroke of the sample in the pipeline is lengthened, the isolated bubbles may be unstable, diluted by contact of the sample wash solution due to fragmentation, therefore, in order to prevent the sample from being diluted after entering the pipeline, when the sample analyzer judges that the total sample volume can enter the pipeline connected with the rear end of the sampling needle, the sampling and distributing device collects the total sample volume plus the extra sample volume at one time.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the total sample amount is larger than the threshold value Vth1(first preset threshold), the characteristic sample enters a pipeline connected with the rear end of the sampling needle, and at the moment, the sampling and distributing device needs to additionally absorb a certain sample volume VdAs a volume to prevent dilution.
Alternatively, if the sample amount determining means determines that the total sample amount required for all the measurement items exceeds a second preset threshold, the sample analyzer enters a second mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the first mode, the sample volume actually needed to be inhaled in the sampling needle is
Wherein ViThe amount of samples required for the ith entry. Since the syringe responsible for aspirating the sample has a limited capacity (e.g., 500uL), the amount of sample V actually required to be aspirated is calculatedTLater, it needs to be checked again when VT> threshold Vth2In time, the sample volume actually needed to be inhaled in the characterization sampling needle is too large, and the first mode is not suitable for being adopted, and the second mode is switched.
In an embodiment of the invention, when the sample amount determining means determines that the total sample amount exceeds the second predetermined threshold, the software interface gives a prompt, for example, "sample amount overrun", to inform the operator that the sample is unsuitable for the test in the capped test tube manner.
After the sample analyzer determines to enter the first mode or the second mode, the sample analyzer performs the sample sucking and sample adding process in the first mode or the second mode, and the specific sample sucking and sample adding method of the sample analyzer in the first mode or the second mode is described in detail below.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a sample analyzer includes at least: the automatic sample injector is used for scheduling test tubes containing samples on the test tube rack, the clamp grabber is used for grabbing test cups, the incubation disc is used for placing the test cups, and the sampling and distributing device is used for sucking and adding the samples; wherein the test tube cap detection means may be part of the auto-sampler.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sampling and distributing device comprises a sampling needle with the functions of puncture and liquid level detection and an injector for driving the sampling needle to suck and discharge a sample, the tail end of the sampling needle is connected with a needle seat of the injector through a pipeline, the sampling needle has three working positions, namely a sample sucking position, a sample adding position and a cleaning position, wherein the cleaning position can be arranged between the sample sucking position and the sample adding position; then the sampling needle is inserted down to the sample liquid level in the test tube, the injector is started to suck at least the sample of the total sample amount from the test tube, and the sampling needle is lifted after the completion, at this time, the sample preparation stage is completed. The sample analyzer moves the sampling needle to the sampling position, a new test cup is grabbed by the clamp to be placed in the incubation disc, the new test cup is moved to the position below the sampling needle at the sampling position by the incubation disc, the sampling needle is downwards inserted into the test cup by the sample analyzer, the injector is started to add the sample amount required by the corresponding test item into the new test cup, and the sampling needle is lifted after the sample amount is completed, so that the sample analyzer completes the sampling process of the test item, and the sampling process is repeated until the sampling process of all the test items of the sample is completed.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the sample analyzer enters the second mode, the sample analyzer moves the sampling needle to the sample sucking position by using the sampling and distributing device, and moves the test tube containing the sample to the position below the sampling needle by using the automatic sampler; then, the sampling needle is inserted below the liquid level of a sample in the test tube, the injector is started to enable the sampling needle to absorb the sample corresponding to the sample amount required by the test item from the test tube, the sampling needle is lifted after the sample is completed, then the sampling needle is moved to the sample adding position by the sample analyzer, a new test cup is grabbed by the aid of the clamp and placed in the incubation disc, the new test cup is moved to the position below the sampling needle at the sample adding position by the incubation disc, the sampling needle is inserted into the test cup by the sample analyzer, the injector is started to add the sample amount required by the test item into the new test cup, and the sampling needle is lifted after the sample is completed.
Further, when the sample analyzer enters the first mode and the sampling and distributing device is used for sucking the sample, the sample analyzer monitors the state of the sample sucking process by using the pressure detection part, gives an alarm when the sample sucking process is identified to be abnormal, and prompts an abnormal result.
It should be noted that, in the process that the sample analyzer enters the first mode and the sampling needle is used for sample suction, since the sampling needle needs to collect the total sample volume required by all measurement items at a time, when the measurement items are excessive, the total sample volume is larger than the sample volume contained in the test tube, and at this time, the sample volume contained in the test tube is insufficient, which causes an abnormality in the sample suction process; or when the plasma contains foreign matters, the foreign matters in the plasma can cause needle blockage in the sample suction process, so that the sample suction process is abnormal, and the accuracy of the detection result can be influenced by the abnormality in the sample suction process, so that the sample suction process needs to be monitored by utilizing the pressure detection component.
In the embodiment of the invention, a pressure detection part is arranged between a sampling needle and an injector, one end of the pressure detection part is connected with the tail end of the sampling needle through a pipeline, the other end of the pressure detection part is connected with a needle seat of the injector through a pipeline, when a sample is sucked by using the sampling needle, the pressure detection part detects the pressure value in the sample sucking process, a sample analyzer determines a pressure change curve in the sample sucking process according to the pressure value in the sample sucking process, and compares the pressure change curve with a standard pressure change curve to further judge whether the sample sucking process is abnormal.
Fig. 18 is a typical pressure change curve detected by the pressure detecting component during sample sucking and sample adding processes of the sampling needle according to the embodiment, wherein the pressure is stabilized at P0 before sample sucking starts, when sample sucking starts, the pressure is in a decreasing state as the injector reaches the maximum sample sucking speed driven by the motor, after the injector stops, the pressure is decreased to Pa, and after a certain time delay (the time is the stabilizing stage, and the pressure in the stabilizing stage is denoted as Ps), the pressure is gradually increased to near the initial stage P0, when sample adding starts, the pressure is in an increasing state as the injector reaches the maximum sample adding speed driven by the motor, after the injector stops, the pressure is increased to Pd, and after a certain time delay (the time is also the stabilizing stage), the pressure is gradually decreased to near the initial stage P0.
Specifically, the abnormality detection method includes three types: 1. the sampling needle has a liquid level detection function, the sample analyzer is preset with a limit position for descending detection of the liquid level, the limit position is generally the position where the needle point of the sampling needle is located at the bottom of the test tube, and when the sampling needle descends to the limit position and still does not detect the liquid level, the sample analyzer identifies that the abnormal type is 'plasma lack', and prompts the result. 2. The pressure value Ps of a stable stage is recorded by the pressure detection component at a certain sampling frequency, if the Ps sampled by the pressure detection component at any moment is smaller than a first preset threshold value Pth1, the characteristic that blood plasma is insufficient to be sucked into blood cells or the blood plasma contains clots to block a sampling needle, so that the pressure cannot be recovered stably, and at the moment, the abnormal type is recognized as 'plasma lack or clot existence', and result prompt is carried out. 3. The pressure value Pa of the sample suction stage is recorded by the pressure detection part at a certain sampling frequency, if the Pa sampled by the pressure detection part at any moment is larger than a second preset threshold value Pth2, the pressure caused by insufficient plasma or air bubbles in the sample suction process is too low, and at the moment, the abnormal type is recognized to be 'plasma lack or air bubbles' and result prompt is carried out.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure detecting component is a pressure sensor, which is specifically selected according to actual situations, and the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited.
Illustratively, as shown in table 1, there are three types of exceptions and corresponding hint information.
| Type of exception | Means of | Running |
| 1 | Lack of plasma | Lack of plasma |
| 2 | Insufficient sample suction of the blocking needle | Lack of plasma or presence of clots |
| 3 | Insufficient suction of air | Lack of plasma or presence of bubbles |
In the first mode, after the sampling and distributing device distributes all the collected samples to the corresponding measuring items, or in the second mode, after the sampling and distributing device finishes the sample sucking and sample adding process of one measuring item, the sample analyzer moves the sampling and distributing device to the cleaning position and cleans the sampling and distributing device. The particular manner in which the sampling and dispensing device is cleaned is described in detail below.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 19, the sample analyzer 1 further includes a washing device 15;
in the first mode, after the sampling and dispensing device 12 dispenses the collected sample to all measurement items, the sampling and dispensing device 12 is moved to the cleaning position, and the cleaning device 15 cleans the sampling and dispensing device 12.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the sample analyzer further includes a cleaning device, as shown in fig. 20, the cleaning device of the sample analyzer includes a cleaning swab disposed at the cleaning position, and an electromagnetic valve connected to the syringe, a cleaning pump connected to the electromagnetic valve, and a cleaning solution buffer reservoir connected to the cleaning pump, wherein the cleaning solution buffer reservoir stores a cleaning solution, the cleaning pump and the electromagnetic valve are used to deliver the cleaning solution, when the sampling and dispensing device needs to be cleaned, the sampling needle is moved to the cleaning position, the cleaning pump is started, the sampling needle is cleaned by the cleaning solution stored in the cleaning solution buffer reservoir, and the waste solution after cleaning is sucked from the cleaning swab to complete the cleaning process of the sampling and dispensing device, and during the cleaning process of the sampling and dispensing device, the sampling and dispensing device completes a corresponding initialization process, such as syringe reset, an isolation gas column is established to isolate the sample from the wash solution, etc.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the first mode, when the sampling and distributing device distributes the collected sample to all the measurement items, the sampling needle is moved to the cleaning position after the sample adding process of all the test items of the sample is completed, and the cleaning pump is started to complete the cleaning process of the sampling needle.
Further, in the second mode, after the sampling and dispensing device finishes the sample sucking and sample adding process of each measurement item, the sampling needle needs to be moved to the cleaning position, and the cleaning pump is started to finish the cleaning process of the sampling needle.
When the sample analyzer determines that there is a measurement item to which a reagent needs to be added, it is necessary to dispense not only the sample but also the reagent for the measurement item, and in particular, the manner of dispensing the reagent for the measurement item is described in detail below.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 21, the sample analyzer 1 further comprises a reagent dispensing device 16; in the first mode, if a reagent needs to be added to the current measurement item, the reagent dispensing device 16 dispenses the reagent to the current measurement item after the sampling and dispensing device 12 dispenses the sample to the current measurement item.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the reagent may be a diluent for reducing the concentration of the sample.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sample analyzer further comprises a reagent distribution device, the reagent distribution device comprises a reagent suction module and a reagent disk module, and in the first mode, the sample analyzer sucks the reagent required by the current measurement item by using the reagent suction module, then clamps and places the test cup containing the sample of the current measurement item on the reagent disk module, and adds the reagent sucked by the reagent suction module into the test cup.
It will be appreciated that in the first mode, the sample analyzer first adds the sample to the cuvette using the sampling needle, and then adds the diluent to the cuvette using the other reagent needle. Therefore, when a sample is added into the test cup by using the sampling needle, no diluent exists in the test cup, and the sampling needle cannot be polluted, so that the sampling needle does not need to be cleaned after the sample is added among different items, and the sample sucking and adding speeds are further improved.
The above is a detailed description of the functions of each device in the sample analyzer during the sample analysis process, and the following description will be given of each part and function included in the blood coagulation analyzer by taking the blood coagulation analyzer as an example.
Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of a coagulation analyzer according to an embodiment, the coagulation analyzer mainly includes an autosampler, a sample sucking module, an incubation tray, an optical detection module 1, a clamp 2, an optical detection module 2, a magnetic bead detection module, a reagent sucking module 1, a reagent tray module, an emergency treatment module, and a reagent sucking module 2, wherein the autosampler is used to move a test tube containing a sample; the sample sucking module is used for sucking a sample from the test tube and adding the sample into a test cup corresponding to each measurement item; the incubation disc is used for containing test cups corresponding to the measurement items; the clamping claw 1 and the clamping claw 2 are used for moving the test cup to at least one of the incubation disc, the optical detection module 1, the optical detection module 2, the magnetic bead detection module and the emergency call module; the reagent sucking module 1 is used for sucking a reagent and adding the reagent into a corresponding test cup; the reagent sucking module 2 is used for sucking the diluent and adding the diluent into a corresponding test cup; the reagent tray module is used for containing reagents and diluent; the optical detection module 1, the optical detection module 2, the magnetic bead detection module and the emergency call module are used for analyzing and detecting samples in the test cup.
It can be understood that the sample analyzer utilizes a set of sampling and distributing device to complete the absorption and sample adding of the sample, thereby simplifying the structure of the sample analyzer and being beneficial to the miniaturization of the analyzer; the sampling needle is used as a buffer container, and the buffer container does not need to be replaced or the buffer volume does not need to be cleaned and maintained, so that the steps of sample analysis are simplified, the maintenance cost of the instrument is reduced, and the miniaturization of the instrument is facilitated; the sample analyzer can absorb and distribute the sample of two kinds of modes according to whether the test tube cap has or not to make the sample analyzer can carry out the sample analysis of taking the cap test tube and the sample analysis of not taking the cap test tube, thereby enriched the function of sample analyzer.
Example two
An embodiment of the present invention provides a sample processing method for a sample analyzer, as shown in fig. 23, the method may include:
and S101, determining the total sample size required by all measurement items.
The sample processing method provided by the embodiment of the invention is suitable for a scene of processing and analyzing a blood sample by using a sample analyzer.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the sample analyzer may be a biochemical immunoassay analyzer, a blood coagulation analyzer, a blood corpuscle analyzer, or the like, and the blood coagulation analyzer is mainly used as an example in the following description.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sample analyzer at least comprises a sample amount determining device, a test tube cap detecting device and a sampling and distributing device, and the sample analyzer determines the sample amount required by each measuring item by using the sample amount determining device so as to determine the total sample amount required by all the measuring items.
For example, when four conventional hemagglutination tests are performed by using a blood coagulation analyzer, the items to be measured include four items of Prothrombin Time (PT), Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), Thrombin Time (TT, Thrombin Time), and Fibrinogen (FIB), and the sample amount required for each item is sequentially determined by using a sample amount determination device, so as to determine the total sample amount required for the four items.
S102, judging whether the test tube for containing the sample is provided with a test tube cap or not.
After the sample analyzer determines the total sample size required for all measurements, the sample analyzer determines whether the test tube used to hold the sample has a cap.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sample analyzer selects different sample sucking and sample adding modes according to whether a test tube containing a sample has a test tube cap or not, firstly, a test tube cap detection device of the sample analyzer judges whether the test tube containing the sample has the test tube cap or not, and uploads a detection result to a main control system of the sample analyzer, and at the moment, the main control system judges whether the test tube containing the sample has the test tube cap or not according to the detection result.
In the embodiment of the invention, the mode of detecting the test tube cap comprises the following steps:
1. correlation formula opto-coupler: the light emitter end emits light signals, and when the test tube cap exists, the light receiving end cannot receive the light signals due to the fact that light rays are shielded; when the test tube cap does not exist, the emitted optical signal cannot be shielded, and the optical receiving end can receive the optical signal, so that the detection of the existence of the test tube cap is realized.
2. Reflection-type light coupling: the light emitter end emits light, and if the test tube cap exists, the light can be reflected back to the light receiver end; if no test tube cap exists, no light is reflected to the light receiver end, signal detection is carried out through the light receiver end, and whether the test tube has the test tube cap or not is judged.
3. Clamping and grabbing: utilize the clamp to grab and snatch the test tube (snatch from the test tube top, consequently if the test tube cap is taken to the cap, then can grab the test tube cap simultaneously) the time, the clamp is grabbed open angle and is different (if take the cap test tube, then open the angle bigger), test tube cap detection device will press from both sides and grab open angle and convert the signal of telecommunication to realize the detection that the test tube cap has or not according to the signal of telecommunication.
4. And (3) photographing identification method: and an image sensor is used for acquiring a test tube image, and the test tube image is subjected to image recognition, so that the detection of whether the test tube cap exists or not is realized.
5. A collision detection method: test tube cap detection device is including the sampling needle that possesses the collision and detect the function to and the elastomeric element (like the spring) of being connected with the sampling needle, when the test tube cap was touched to the sampling needle, the sampling needle drove elastomeric element and takes place deformation, and test tube cap detection device generates the signal of telecommunication according to deformation, and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the signal of telecommunication.
6. Pressure detection method: the test tube cap detection device comprises a pressure sensor for detecting the hydraulic condition in a pipeline connected with the sampling needle. When the sampling needle punctures into the test tube with the test tube cap, because there is certain negative pressure in the test tube to influence the hydraulic pressure in the pipeline that is connected with the sampling needle, test tube cap detection device accessible detects the change of pressure and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap.
Specifically, if the detection method of correlation formula opto-coupler, test tube cap detection device can set to door shape structure, when utilizing photoelectric detection part to realize the detection method of correlation formula opto-coupler, light emitter and photoreceiver set up respectively in two side door frames department of door shape structure, and the concrete process of carrying out the test tube cap and detecting is: the light emitter emits detection light to the position of the test tube cap, and if the test tube does not have the test tube cap, the detection light passes through the test tube and is received by the light receiver; if the cuvette has a cuvette cap, the detection light is blocked by the cuvette cap, at which time the light receiver cannot receive the detection light.
Specifically, in the detection method of the reflective optical coupling, the optical transmitter and the optical receiver are arranged at a door frame on one side of the door-shaped structure, the detection light emitted by the optical transmitter irradiates the position of the test tube cap, and if the test tube has the test tube cap, the detection light is reflected by the test tube cap and is received by the optical receiver; if the test tube has no test tube cap, the detection light is emitted to the outside through the test tube, and the light receiver cannot receive the detection light at the moment.
Specifically, if the test tube is a detection method of photographing identification, the test tube cap detection device may be provided with an image sensor, and when the test tube loaded with the sample passes through the test tube cap detection device, the image sensor obtains an image of the test tube and performs image identification on the image of the test tube, thereby determining whether the test tube loaded with the sample has a test tube cap.
Specifically, if the method is a collision detection method, the sampling and distributing device may include a sampling needle and an elastic component (e.g., a spring) connected to the sampling needle, and the test tube cap detection device implements the method by using the sampling needle, the elastic component connected to the sampling needle, and the capacitance detection component, and specifically includes: when the sampling needle is inserted into a test tube with a test tube cap, the sampling needle touches and pierces the test tube cap, at the moment, the elastic component deforms, the deformation of the elastic component causes the change of capacitance, the test tube cap detection device converts the deformation of the elastic component into an electric signal by using the capacitance detection component, and determines a preset signal interval to which the electric signal belongs, when the electric signal belongs to a first preset signal interval, the test tube is detected to have the test tube cap, when the electric signal belongs to a second preset signal interval, the test tube is detected not to have the test tube cap, at the moment, the test tube cap detection device judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap or not according to the electric signal.
Specifically, if the method is a collision detection method, the test tube cap detection device may include an optical coupler detection component, wherein the optical coupler detection component is composed of a detection optical coupler and a blocking piece, a sampling needle and an elastic component connected with the sampling needle may be utilized, and the detection method of the collision detection method is implemented at the tail of the sampling needle, the blocking piece connected with the elastic component and the detection optical coupler connected with the blocking piece, as shown in fig. 12, when the sampling needle is inserted into a test tube with a test tube cap, the sampling needle touches and pierces the test tube cap, at this time, the blocking piece prevents the elastic component from deforming, the change range of the electric signal value of the detection optical coupler is small, and the test tube with the test tube cap; as shown in fig. 13, when the sampling needle is inserted into a test tube without a test tube cap, the elastic component deforms, and the position of the blocking piece changes, so that the change range of the electric signal value of the detection optocoupler is large, and the test tube without the test tube cap is detected.
Specifically, if pressure detection method, test tube cap detection device can include pressure detection part, wherein, forms the liquid circuit through the pipeline between sampling needle and the pressure detection part and connects, when the sampling needle pierces through the test tube cap and inserts the test tube that has the test tube cap, pressure detection part detects the pressure variation value around the sampling needle pierces through the test tube cap to judge whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to pressure variation.
Specifically, if the test tube clamping and grabbing detection method is adopted, the test tube clamping device clamps and moves the test tube by clamping the position of the test tube cap, the capacitance detection part can generate an electric signal according to the opening angle or size of the test tube clamping device when clamping the test tube with the cap, when the test tube clamping device clamps the test tube with the cap, the opening angle of the test tube clamping device is large, the corresponding electric signal generated according to the opening angle is large, and at the moment, the test tube is judged to have the test tube cap; when the test tube clamping device clamps the test tube without the cap, the test tube clamping device has a small opening angle, and the corresponding electric signal generated according to the opening angle is small, so that the test tube is judged not to have the test tube cap.
It should be noted that what kind of test tube cap detection device is used to implement the corresponding test tube cap detection method, at least one of the above methods is specifically selected according to the actual situation, and the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited.
S103, if the test tube cap is arranged, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not present, the sample analyzer enters a second mode.
When the sample analyzer judges that the test tube for containing the sample has the test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; when the sample analyzer determines that the test tube for containing the sample does not have a test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a second mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the sample analyzer judges that the test tube for containing the sample is provided with the test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a first mode, wherein the first mode is a sample sucking and sample adding mode which at least collects the total sample volume once and distributes the total sample volume to each measurement item in sequence; when the sample analyzer judges that the test tube for containing the sample does not have the test tube cap, the sample analyzer enters a second mode, wherein the second mode is a sample amount required by collecting each measurement item in a grading manner, and the sample collected at this time is distributed to a sample sucking and adding mode of the corresponding measurement item.
And S104, in the first mode, at least one total sample size is acquired, and the acquired samples are sequentially distributed to each measurement item according to a first preset sequence.
When the sample analyzer enters a first mode, the sample analyzer collects at least the total sample volume at one time and sequentially distributes the collected samples to the measurement items according to a first preset sequence. Assuming that four routine tests for blood coagulation are required, the sample size required for the four test items needs to be collected at one time.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a sample analyzer includes at least: the automatic sample injector is used for dispatching test tubes containing samples on the test tube rack, the clamp claw is used for grabbing test cups, the incubation disc is used for placing the test cups, and the sampling and distributing device is used for sucking and adding the samples.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sampling and distributing device comprises a sampling needle with the functions of puncture and liquid level detection and an injector for sucking and spitting out samples, the tail end of the sampling needle is connected with a needle seat of the injector through a pipeline, the sampling needle corresponds to three working positions, namely a sample sucking position, a sample adding position and a cleaning position, the cleaning position is arranged between the sample sucking position and the sample adding position, the sample analyzer determines the sample amount required by each test item by using a sample amount determining device in advance, so that the total sample amount required by all the test items is obtained, when the sample analyzer enters a first mode, the sample analyzer horizontally moves the sampling needle to the sample sucking position by using the sampling and distributing device, and moves a test tube containing the samples to the lower part of the sample sucking position of the sampling needle by using an automatic sample injector; then the sampling needle is pricked downwards to the liquid level of the sample in the test tube, the injector is started to suck at least the sample with the total sample amount from the test tube, the sampling needle is lifted after the completion, and at the moment, the sample preparation stage is completed. The sample analyzer moves the sampling needle to the sampling position, a new test cup is grabbed by the clamp claw 1 and placed in the incubation disc, the new test cup is moved to the position below the sampling position of the sampling needle by the incubation disc, the sampling needle is downwards pricked into the test cup by the sample analyzer, the injector is started to add the sample amount required by a test item into the new test cup, and the sampling needle is lifted after the sample amount is completed, so that the sample analyzer completes the sampling process of the test item, and the sampling process is repeated until the sampling process of all the test items of the sample is completed.
For example, as shown in fig. 24, when the test tube with cap is tested on the machine, the number of items in the sample test is first determined, and if the number N of test items is 1, the second mode is entered; when the number of tested items N is more than 1, entering a first mode, horizontally moving the sample needle to a sample sucking position, starting the injector to suck the sample after the liquid level of the sample is detected, wherein the sample volume is at least the sum V of the sample amount corresponding to all tested items N of the sampleTAnd lifting the sample needle after the completion, namely completing the sample preparation stage. For a first test item, the gripper 1 grabs a new test cup and places the new test cup into the incubation disc, the sample needle moves to the sample adding position, the incubation disc moves the new test cup to the position below the sample adding position of the sample needle, after the sample needle and the incubation disc move to the right position, the sample needle is inserted into the test cup, the injector is started to enable the sample volume V required by the first test item1Adding into a test cup, and lifting the sample needle after completion. And repeating the process until the sample adding process of all the test items of the sample is completed, moving the sample needle to a cleaning position between the sample sucking position and the sample adding position, starting a cleaning pump to clean the sample needle, and sucking away the waste liquid from the cleaning swab.
Furthermore, one end of the pressure detection component is connected with the tail end of the sampling needle through a pipeline, the other end of the pressure detection component is connected with a needle seat of the injector through a pipeline, when the sampling needle is used for sample suction, the pressure detection component detects a pressure value in a sample suction process, the sample analyzer determines a pressure change curve in the sample suction process according to the pressure value in the sample suction process, and compares the pressure change curve with a standard pressure change curve to judge whether the sample suction process is abnormal.
Fig. 18 is a typical pressure change curve detected by the pressure detecting component during sample sucking and sample adding processes of the sampling needle according to the embodiment, wherein the pressure is stabilized at P0 before sample sucking starts, when sample sucking starts, the pressure is in a descending state as the injector reaches the maximum sample sucking speed driven by the motor, after the injector stops, the pressure is delayed for a certain time (the time is the stabilization stage, and the pressure in the stabilization stage is denoted as Ps), the pressure is gradually increased to near the initial stage P0, when sample adding starts, the pressure is in an ascending state as the injector reaches the maximum sample adding speed driven by the motor, and after the injector stops, the pressure is gradually decreased to near the initial stage P0.
Specifically, the abnormality detection method includes three types: 1. the sampling needle has a liquid level detection function, the sample analyzer is preset with a limit position for descending detection of the liquid level, the limit position is generally the position where the needle point of the sampling needle is located at the bottom of the test tube, and when the sampling needle descends to the limit position and still does not detect the liquid level, the sample analyzer identifies that the abnormal type is 'plasma lack', and prompts the result. 2. The pressure value Ps of a stable stage is recorded by the pressure detection component at a certain sampling frequency, if the Ps sampled by the pressure detection component at any moment is smaller than a first preset threshold value Pth1, the characteristic that blood plasma is insufficient to be sucked into blood cells or the blood plasma contains clots to block a sampling needle, so that the pressure cannot be recovered stably, and at the moment, the abnormal type is recognized as 'plasma lack or clot existence', and result prompt is carried out. 3. The pressure value Pa of the sample suction stage is recorded by the pressure detection part at a certain sampling frequency, if the Pa sampled by the pressure detection part at any moment is larger than a second preset threshold value Pth2, the pressure caused by insufficient plasma or air bubbles in the sample suction process is too low, and at the moment, the abnormal type is recognized to be 'plasma lack or air bubbles' and result prompt is carried out.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure detecting component is a pressure sensor, which is specifically selected according to actual situations, and the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited.
Illustratively, as shown in table 1, there are three types of exceptions and corresponding hint information.
| Type of exception | Means of | Running |
| 1 | Lack of plasma | Lack of plasma |
| 2 | Insufficient sample suction of the blocking needle | Lack of plasma or presence of clots |
| 3 | Insufficient suction of air | Lack of plasma or presence of bubbles |
And S105, under a second mode, acquiring the sample amount required by each measurement item in a second preset sequence, and distributing the acquired sample to the corresponding measurement item after acquiring the sample amount required by one measurement item each time.
When the sample analyzer enters the second mode, the sample analyzer acquires the sample amount required by each measurement item according to a second preset sequence, and allocates the acquired sample to the corresponding measurement item after acquiring the sample amount required by each measurement item.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the sample analyzer enters the second mode, the sample analyzer utilizes the sampling and distributing device to horizontally move the sampling needle to the sample sucking position, and utilizes the automatic sample injector to move the test tube containing the sample to the position below the sample sucking position of the sampling needle; then, the sampling needle is downwards pricked to the liquid level of a sample in the test tube, the injector is started to suck a sample of the amount of the sample required by a test item from the test tube, the sampling needle is lifted up after the completion, then the sampling needle is moved to a sample adding position by the sample analyzer, a new test cup is grabbed by the clamp 1 and placed in the incubation disc, the new test cup is moved to the position below the sample adding position of the sampling needle by the incubation disc, the sampling needle is downwards pricked into the test cup by the sample analyzer, the injector is started to add the amount of the sample required by the test item into the new test cup, and the sampling needle is lifted up after the completion, so that the sample analyzer completes the sample sucking and sample adding processes of the test item, and the sample sucking and sample adding processes are repeated until the sample sucking and sample adding processes of all the test items of the sample are completed.
For example, as shown in fig. 25, when the cap-free test tube is tested on the machine, the sample sucking and loading method is as follows: the gripper 1 grabs a new test cup and puts the new test cup into the incubation tray, the sample needle horizontally moves under the control of the sample sucking module to suck the sample position, at the moment, the automatic sample injector dispatches the corresponding test tube containing the sample on the test tube rack to the sample sucking position of the sample needle, after the two are in place, the injector is started to suck the sample, and the sample volume V1 is the sample volume corresponding to the test item of the sample. After the sample needle is sucked, the sample needle is lifted and moved to the sample adding position, meanwhile, a new test cup is moved to the position below the sample adding position of the sample needle by the incubation plate, after the sample needle and the incubation plate are moved to the proper positions, the sample needle is downwards pricked into the test cup, the injector is started to add the sample volume V1 into the test cup, the sample needle is lifted after the sample needle is sucked, the sample needle is moved to the cleaning position between the sample sucking position and the sample adding position, the cleaning pump is started to clean the sample needle, and waste liquid is sucked away from the cleaning swab. And repeating the process until the complete sample adding process of one item N of the sample is completed.
It should be noted that, S104 and S105 are two parallel steps after S103, and are executed first, and a specific execution sequence is selected according to actual situations, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Based on the second embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, after the at least total sample amount is collected at a time in the first mode and the collected samples are sequentially allocated to the measurement items according to the first preset order, that is, after step 103, the sample processing method of the sample analyzer may further include the following steps:
and S106, in the first mode, after distributing the collected samples to all measurement items, moving the sampling and distributing device to a cleaning position, and cleaning the sampling and distributing device.
After the sample analyzer is in the first mode, at least a total sample volume is collected at a time and the collected samples are sequentially assigned to the respective measurement items in a first predetermined order, the sample analyzer moves the sampling and assigning device to the cleaning position and cleans the sampling and assigning device.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the sample analyzer further includes a cleaning device, as shown in fig. 20, the cleaning device of the sample analyzer includes a cleaning swab disposed at the cleaning position, an electromagnetic valve connected to the syringe of the syringe, a cleaning pump connected to the electromagnetic valve, and a cleaning solution buffer tank connected to the cleaning pump, wherein the cleaning solution buffer tank stores a cleaning solution, and the cleaning pump and the electromagnetic valve are used to deliver the cleaning solution.
Further, during the cleaning of the sampling and dispensing device, initialization of the sampling and dispensing device, such as resetting the syringe, establishing a column of insulating gas to insulate the sample from the cleaning fluid, etc., may also be accomplished.
Further, in the second mode, after the sampling and dispensing device finishes the sample sucking and sample adding process of each measurement item, the sampling needle needs to be moved to the cleaning position, and the cleaning pump is started to finish the cleaning process of the sampling needle.
Based on the second embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, after the at least total sample amount is collected at a time in the first mode and the collected samples are sequentially allocated to the measurement items according to the first preset order, that is, after step 103, the sample processing method of the sample analyzer may further include the following steps:
s107, in the first mode, if the current measurement item needs to be added with the reagent, the reagent is distributed to the current measurement item after the sample is distributed to the current measurement item.
And when the sample analyzer judges that the reagent needs to be added to the measurement item. In the first mode, after the sample analyzer sequentially allocates the collected samples to the respective measurement items, the sample analyzer allocates a reagent to the current measurement item.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the reagent may be a diluent for reducing the concentration of the sample.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sample analyzer further comprises a reagent distribution device, the reagent distribution device comprises a reagent suction module and a reagent disk module, and in the first mode, the sample analyzer sucks the reagent required by the current measurement item by using the reagent suction module, then clamps and places the test cup containing the sample of the current measurement item into the reagent disk module, and adds the reagent sucked by the reagent suction module into the test cup.
It will be appreciated that in the first mode, the sample analyzer first adds the sample to the cuvette using the sampling needle, and then adds the diluent to the cuvette using the other reagent needle. Therefore, when a sample is added into the test cup by using the sampling needle, no diluent exists in the test cup, and the sampling needle cannot be polluted, so that the sampling needle does not need to be cleaned after the sample is added among different items, and the sample sucking and adding speeds are further improved.
Based on the second embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, after the at least total sample amount is collected at a time in the first mode and the collected samples are sequentially allocated to the measurement items according to the first preset order, that is, after step 103, the sample processing method of the sample analyzer may further include the following steps:
and S108, if the total sample size required by all the measurement items is determined to exceed the first preset threshold, acquiring the total sample size plus the extra sample size at one time in the first mode.
The sampling needle is used as a buffer container of a sample, the total sample amount required by all measurement items needs to be sucked at one time, due to the limited capacity (for example, 35uL) of the sampling needle, when the sample amount buffered in the sampling needle is large, a part of the sample inevitably enters a pipeline connected with the rear end of the sampling needle, and a small amount of cleaning liquid exists in the pipeline.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the total sample amount is larger than the threshold value Vth1(first preset threshold), the characteristic sample enters a pipeline connected with the rear end of the sampling needle, and at the moment, the sampling and distributing device needs to additionally absorb a certain sample volume VdAs a volume to prevent dilution.
Based on the second embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, after the at least total sample amount is collected at a time in the first mode and the collected samples are sequentially allocated to the measurement items according to the first preset order, that is, after step 103, the sample processing method of the sample analyzer may further include the following steps:
and S109, if the total sample size required by all the measurement items is determined to exceed a second preset threshold value, the sample analyzer enters a second mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the first mode, the sample volume actually needed to be inhaled in the sampling needle is
Wherein ViThe amount of samples required for the ith entry. Since the syringe responsible for aspirating the sample has a limited capacity (e.g., 500uL), the amount of sample V actually required to be aspirated is calculatedTLater, it needs to be checked again when VT> threshold Vth2In time, the sample volume actually needed to be inhaled in the characterization sampling needle is too large, and the first mode is not suitable for being adopted, and the second mode is switched.
In an embodiment of the invention, when the sample amount determining means determines that the total sample amount exceeds the second predetermined threshold, the software interface gives a prompt, for example, "sample amount overrun", to inform the operator that the sample is unsuitable for the test in the capped test tube manner.
Based on the second embodiment, in an embodiment of the present invention, after the sample analyzer further includes a temporary storage container, which can be acquired by a user, for temporarily storing a part of the collected samples, and at least one total sample size is collected in the first mode, and the collected samples are sequentially allocated to each measurement item according to a first preset sequence, that is, after step 103, the sample processing method of the sample analyzer may further include the following steps:
and S110, distributing the excess sample amount in the collected sample to a temporary storage container, wherein the excess sample amount is the residual sample amount obtained by subtracting the total sample amount from the collected sample.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sample analyzer further comprises a temporary storage container, the temporary storage container is used for containing the collected sample, and medical staff can use the sample for reinspection.
It can be understood that the sample analyzer utilizes a set of sampling and distributing device to complete the absorption and sample adding of the sample, thereby simplifying the structure of the sample analyzer and being beneficial to the miniaturization of the analyzer; the sampling needle is used as a buffer container, and the buffer container does not need to be replaced or the buffer volume does not need to be cleaned and maintained, so that the steps of sample analysis are simplified, the maintenance cost of the instrument is reduced, and the miniaturization of the instrument is facilitated; the sample analyzer can absorb and distribute the sample of two kinds of modes according to whether the test tube cap has or not to make the sample analyzer can carry out the sample analysis of taking the cap test tube and the sample analysis of not taking the cap test tube, thereby enriched the function of sample analyzer.
EXAMPLE III
In practical applications, based on the same inventive concept of the first to second embodiments, as shown in fig. 26, the sample analyzer 1 may include: a processor 17, a memory 18 and a communication bus 19;
the Processor 17 of the sample analyzer 1 is configured to control the sample amount determining Device 10, the test tube cap detecting Device 11, the sampling and dispensing Device 12, the buffer container 13, the test tube clamping Device 14, the cleaning Device 15, and the reagent dispensing Device 16 to implement corresponding functions, and the Processor 17 may be at least one of an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), a Digital Signal Processing Device (Digital Signal Processing Device), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a controller, a microcontroller, and a microprocessor. It will be appreciated that the electronics for implementing the functions of the processor 17 described above may be other for different devices, and that the present embodiment is not limited in particular, and that the sample analyzer 1 further includes a memory 18, wherein the memory 18 is configured to store executable program code comprising computer operating instructions, and the memory 18 may include a high speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory.
The communication bus 19 is used for connecting the processor 17, the memory 18 and the intercommunication among these devices;
the communication bus 19 is used for data transmission with an external network element;
the memory 18 for storing instructions and data;
the processor 17 executing the instructions for: determining the total sample size required by all measurement items; judging whether a test tube for containing a sample is provided with a test tube cap or not; if a test tube cap is provided, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not available, the sample analyzer enters a second mode; in a first mode, collecting at least a total sample amount at one time, and distributing the collected samples to each measurement item in sequence according to a first preset sequence; and under a second mode, acquiring the sample volume required by each measurement item in a second preset sequence, and distributing the acquired sample to the corresponding measurement item after acquiring the sample volume required by one measurement item each time.
In practical applications, the Memory 18 may be a volatile Memory (volatile Memory), such as a Random-Access Memory (RAM); or a non-volatile Memory (non-volatile Memory), such as a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a flash Memory (flash Memory), a hard disk (HDD), or a Solid-State Drive (SSD); or a combination of the above types of memories and provides instructions and data to the processor 17.
In addition, each functional module in this embodiment may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware or a form of a software functional module.
Based on the understanding that the technical solution of the present embodiment essentially or a part contributing to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, and include several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps of the method of the present embodiment. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a U disk, a removable hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
The embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program is applied to the sample analyzer 1, and when the computer program is executed by the processor 17, the computer program implements the sample analysis method according to the first embodiment to the second embodiment.
It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, server, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (servers), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (21)
1. A sample analyzer, comprising: the device comprises a sample amount determining device, a test tube cap detecting device and a sampling and distributing device;
the sample amount determining device is used for determining the total sample amount required by all the measurement items;
the test tube cap detection device is used for judging whether a test tube for containing a sample has a test tube cap; if a test tube cap is provided, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not available, the sample analyzer enters a second mode;
in the first mode, the sampling and distribution device collects at least the total sample amount at one time and distributes the collected samples to each measurement item in sequence according to a first preset sequence;
in the second mode, the sampling and distributing device collects the sample volume required by each measurement item in a second preset sequence, and distributes the collected sample to the corresponding measurement item after collecting the sample volume required by one measurement item each time.
2. The sample analyzer of claim 1 wherein the tube cap detection device includes a photodetection component that employs photodetection techniques to detect whether the cuvette has a tube cap.
3. The sample analyzer of claim 2 wherein the photodetecting component comprises a light emitter and a light receiver;
the light emitter emits detection light to the position of the test tube cap, and if the test tube does not have the test tube cap, the detection light passes through the test tube and is received by the light receiver; if the cuvette has a cuvette cap, the detection light is blocked by the cuvette cap; or
The light emitter emits detection light to irradiate the position of the test tube cap, and if the test tube has the test tube cap, the detection light is reflected by the test tube cap and is received by the light receiver; if the test tube has no test tube cap, the detection light is emitted to the outside through the test tube.
4. The sample analyzer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the photodetection means comprises an image sensor, and the image sensor acquires an image of the test tube, and performs image analysis on the image of the test tube to determine whether the test tube has a test tube cap.
5. The sample analyzer as claimed in claim 1 wherein the sampling and dispensing means comprises a sampling needle and a resilient member, the sampling needle and resilient member being connected; when the sampling needle is inserted into a test tube with a test tube cap, the sampling needle touches and pierces the test tube cap, the elastic component deforms in the process of the test tube cap, and the test tube cap detection device generates an electric signal according to the deformation and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap or not according to the electric signal.
6. The sample analyzer of claim 5 wherein the test tube cap detection device comprises one of a photo detection component, a pressure detection component, and a capacitive detection component.
7. The sample analyzer of claim 1 wherein the sampling and dispensing device comprises a sampling needle, the test tube cap detection device comprises a pressure detection component, and the sampling needle and the pressure detection component form a fluid path connection; when the sampling needle is inserted into a test tube with a test tube cap, the pressure detection component detects the pressure change before and after the sampling needle is pierced in the process of piercing the test tube cap by the sampling needle, and judges whether the test tube has the test tube cap according to the pressure change.
8. The sample analyzer as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a tube gripping device for gripping and moving the tube, wherein the tube gripping device grips the tube at a cap position;
the test tube cap detection device is arranged on the test tube clamping device, generates an electric signal according to the opening angle or the size of the test tube when the test tube clamping device clamps the test tube, and judges whether the test tube has a test tube cap or not according to the electric signal.
9. The sample analyzer of claim 1, further comprising a washing device;
in the first mode, after the sampling and dispensing device dispenses the collected sample to all measurement items, the sampling and dispensing device is moved to a cleaning position, and the cleaning device cleans the sampling and dispensing device.
10. The sample analyzer of claim 9, further comprising a reagent dispensing device; in the first mode, if a reagent needs to be added to the current measurement item, the reagent dispensing device dispenses the reagent to the current measurement item after the sampling and dispensing device dispenses the sample to the current measurement item.
11. The sample analyzer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the sampling and dispensing means takes the total sample amount plus an additional sample amount at a time in the first mode if the sample amount determining means determines that the total sample amount required for all measurement items exceeds a first preset threshold.
12. The sample analyzer of claim 1, wherein the sample analyzer enters a second mode if the sample amount determining means determines that the total sample amount required for all measurement items exceeds a second preset threshold.
13. The sample analyzer of claim 1 further comprising a staging container accessible to a user for staging a portion of the collected sample; the sampling and dispensing device dispenses an excess sample amount of the collected sample into the buffer container, the excess sample amount being a remaining sample amount of the collected sample minus the total sample amount.
14. A method of sample processing for a sample analyzer, comprising:
determining the total sample size required by all measurement items;
judging whether a test tube for containing a sample is provided with a test tube cap or not;
if a test tube cap is provided, the sample analyzer enters a first mode; if the test tube cap is not available, the sample analyzer enters a second mode;
under the first mode, collecting at least the total sample amount at one time, and distributing the collected samples to each measurement item in sequence according to a first preset sequence;
and under the second mode, acquiring the sample volume required by each measurement item in a second preset sequence, and distributing the acquired sample to the corresponding measurement item after acquiring the sample volume required by one measurement item each time.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein in the first mode, after the collected sample is assigned to all measurement items, the sampling and dispensing device is moved to a cleaning position to clean the sampling and dispensing device.
16. The method according to claim 15, wherein in the first mode, if the current measurement item requires reagent addition, the sample is assigned to the current measurement item before assigning reagent to the current measurement item.
17. The method of claim 14, wherein if it is determined that the total sample size required for all measurement items exceeds a first preset threshold, the total sample size plus an additional sample size is acquired at one time in the first mode.
18. The method of claim 14, wherein the sample analyzer enters a second mode if it is determined that the total sample size required for all measurement items exceeds a second preset threshold.
19. The method of claim 14, wherein the sample analyzer further comprises a staging container accessible to a user for staging a portion of the collected sample; the method further comprises the following steps:
and dispensing an excess sample amount in the collected sample into the temporary storage container, wherein the excess sample amount is the residual sample amount obtained by subtracting the total sample amount from the collected sample.
20. A sample analyzer, comprising: a processor, a memory and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, which when executed by the processor implements the method of any one of claims 14 to 19.
21. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, for use in a sample analyzer, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method according to any one of claims 14-19.
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| CN110927397B (en) | 2024-03-08 |
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