CN110925344B - 一种可变弹簧组件 - Google Patents

一种可变弹簧组件 Download PDF

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CN110925344B
CN110925344B CN201911230943.2A CN201911230943A CN110925344B CN 110925344 B CN110925344 B CN 110925344B CN 201911230943 A CN201911230943 A CN 201911230943A CN 110925344 B CN110925344 B CN 110925344B
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陈武夷
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Universal Billion Industrial Technology Development Suzhou Co ltd
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Hangzhou Fuyang Hexiang Mould Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/002—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising at least one fluid spring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
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    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
    • F16F15/046—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means using combinations of springs of different kinds
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    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/04—Wound springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/005—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a wound spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/007—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a wound spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper
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    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/023—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means
    • F16F15/0232—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means with at least one gas spring
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    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
    • F16F9/0209—Telescopic
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    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/43—Filling or drainage arrangements, e.g. for supply of gas
    • F16F9/435—Filling or drainage arrangements, e.g. for supply of gas via opening in cylinder wall
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    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/43—Filling or drainage arrangements, e.g. for supply of gas
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    • F16F2222/126—Fluid damping using gases
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    • F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
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    • F16F2238/00—Type of springs or dampers
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    • F16F2238/026—Springs wound- or coil-like

Abstract

本发明提供了一种可变弹簧组件，属于机械技术领域。本可变弹簧组件包括顶板、底板以及设于顶板和底板之间的弹簧本体，弹簧本体有两根，两弹簧本体之间设有筒体，筒体与底板固连，底板上具有出气孔，出气孔与筒体连通，筒体内设有导桶，导桶顶部和底部分别封闭和开口，导桶与上板固连，导桶和筒体之间形成密封；导桶内设有电磁铁，电磁铁包括外壳和主轴，外壳伸出导桶，外壳和导桶之间形成密封，外壳下端通过支架与筒体固连，筒体内还水平设有板体，板体与主轴下端固连，电磁铁能驱动板体抵压在下板上并封闭出气孔；筒体筒壁上贯穿设有进气孔，进气孔位于板体和导桶之间，筒体外固定有与进气孔连通的气嘴。本可变弹簧组件缓冲精度较高。

Description

一种可变弹簧组件
技术领域
本发明属于机械技术领域，涉及一种弹簧，特别是一种可变弹簧组件。
背景技术
弹簧是一种利用弹性来工作的机械零件，用弹性材料制成的零件在外力作用下发生形变，除去外力后又恢复原状。
现有的弹簧如中国专利库公开的一种压缩弹簧【申请号：201620912062.4】包括弹簧本体，弹簧本体的两端面设置有端面固定面板，弹簧本体为一对圆柱空心螺旋体，固定面板为带有固定弹簧本体两个螺旋体的卡扣的圆饼面板，卡扣沿平行于弹簧本体中心轴方向设置于弹簧本体外侧。
上述的压缩弹簧通过两弹簧本体实现缓冲功效，但由于两弹簧本体的缓冲范围是固定不变的，导致其缓冲精度不佳，无法满足高精度工况下的需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的技术存在上述问题，提出了一种可变弹簧组件，解决的技术问题是如何提高缓冲精度。
本发明的目的可通过下列技术方案来实现：一种可变弹簧组件，包括顶板、底板以及竖直设于顶板和底板之间的弹簧本体，弹簧本体有两根且位置并列设置，其特征在于，两弹簧本体之间竖直设有筒体，且筒体的下端与底板密封固连，所述的底板上具有沿竖直方向贯穿设置的出气孔，且出气孔与筒体内腔连通，所述的筒体内竖直设有导桶，且导桶的顶部和底部分别呈封闭状和开口状，导桶的上端伸出筒体并与上板固连，导桶的外侧壁和筒体的内侧壁之间形成密封；导桶内设有电磁铁，电磁铁包括外壳和主轴，外壳的下端伸出导桶，且外壳的外侧壁和导桶内侧壁之间形成密封，外壳下端通过支架与筒体固连，所述的筒体内还水平设有板体，板体直径小于筒体内径，板体与主轴的下端固连，且电磁铁能驱动板体抵压在下板上并封闭上述的出气孔；所述的筒体的筒壁上贯穿设有进气孔，且进气孔位于板体和导桶之间，筒体外固定有与进气孔连通的气嘴。
使用过程如下：电磁铁处于失电状态时，板体在电磁铁作用下抵压在下板上并封闭出气孔，通过气嘴往筒体内灌入压缩气体直至到达设定值时停止供气；工作时，上板受外力作用同时克服两弹簧本体的弹力以及压缩气体的压力下移实现缓冲；当筒体内的压缩气体不承担缓冲作用时，电磁铁通电主轴回缩使板体上移以打开出气孔，使筒体内气压和外部环境保持平衡，从而避免导桶滑动受阻。
在上述的可变弹簧组件中，所述的导桶的外侧壁和筒体的内侧壁为相互匹配的圆柱面且两者贴靠在一起。
在上述的可变弹簧组件中，所述的导桶的外侧壁上开设有第一环形凹槽，第一环形凹槽内设有第一密封圈，第一密封圈的外侧壁与筒体的内侧壁相抵。在第一密封圈作用下，有效提高导桶和筒体之间形成的密封效果。
在上述的可变弹簧组件中，所述的外壳的外侧壁上开设有第二环形凹槽，第二环形凹槽内设有第二密封圈，且第二密封圈的外侧壁与导桶的内侧壁相抵。
在上述的可变弹簧组件中，所述的板体的底壁上开设有第三环形凹槽，第三环形凹槽内固设有环形密封垫，环形密封垫的上端面与第三环形凹槽的底壁相抵，且当板体抵压在下板上时，环形密封垫的下端面紧压在下板上。
在上述的可变弹簧组件中，所述的筒体的外侧壁上一体成型有呈管状的进气部，进气孔与进气部连通，气嘴包括呈管状的出气部，且出气部螺纹连接在进气部内。
与现有技术相比，本可变弹簧组件具有以下优点：
1、设置由筒体、板体、电磁铁、气嘴、出气孔、导桶等部件组成的缓冲组件，可通过改变筒体内气压来精准改变整个弹簧组件的缓冲效果，这样不仅可以提高缓冲精度，还可以使本弹簧组件能够满足于不同的工况，以提高实用性。
2、导桶既起到压缩筒体内的压缩气体来实现缓冲效果，又对整个缓冲行程起较好的缓冲效果，具备一物两用的效果，结构简单、安装方便。
附图说明
图1是本可变弹簧组件在电磁铁失电时的结构示意图。
图2是图1中A处的放大结构示意图。
图3是本可变弹簧组件在电磁铁得电时的结构示意图。
图中，1、顶板；2、底板；2a、出气孔；3、弹簧本体；4、筒体；4a、进气孔；4b、进气部；5、导桶；6、第一密封圈；7、电磁铁；7a、外壳；7b、主轴；8、第二密封圈；9、支架；10、板体；11、环形密封垫；12、气嘴。
具体实施方式
以下是本发明的具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述，但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
如图1所示，本可变弹簧组件包括正对设置的顶板1和底板2以及竖直设于顶板1和底板2之间的弹簧本体3，弹簧本体3有两根且位置并列设置。在本实施例中，优选弹簧本体3的两端均通过焊接方式分别与顶板1和底板2固连。
具体来说，两弹簧本体3之间竖直设有筒体4，且筒体4的下端与底板2密封固连。优选筒体4和底板2通过焊接方式密封固连。底板2上具有沿竖直方向贯穿设置的出气孔2a，且出气孔2a与筒体4内腔正对并连通。在本实施例中，优选出气孔2a有2个。筒体4内竖直设有导桶5，且导桶5的顶部和底部分别呈封闭状和开口状。导桶5的上端伸出筒体4并与上板固连，导桶5的外侧壁和筒体4的内侧壁之间形成密封。在本实施例中，导桶5的外侧壁和筒体4的内侧壁为相互匹配的圆柱面且两者贴靠在一起，导桶5的外侧壁上开设有第一环形凹槽，第一环形凹槽内设有第一密封圈6，第一密封圈6的外侧壁与筒体4的内侧壁相抵，以有效提高导桶5和筒体4之间形成的密封效果。
如图1所示，导桶5内设有电磁铁7，且电磁铁7为现有产品，且能够在市面上买到。电磁铁7包括外壳7a和主轴7b，外壳7a的下端伸出通孔，且外壳7a的外侧壁和导桶5的内侧壁之间形成密封。在本实施例中，外壳7a的外侧壁上开设有第二环形凹槽，第二环形凹槽内设有第二密封圈8，且第二密封圈8的外侧壁与导桶5的内侧壁相抵。外壳7a的下端通过支架9与筒体4固连，具体来说，支架9呈L形，支架9的一端与筒体4固连，支架9的另一端与外壳7a固连。优选支架9有两根并沿筒体4的周向分布。筒体4内还水平设有板体10，板体10直径小于筒体4内径，板体10与主轴7b的下端固连，且电磁铁7能驱动板体10抵压在下板上并封闭上述的出气孔2a。进一步说明，板体10的底壁上开设有第三环形凹槽，第三环形凹槽内固设有环形密封垫11，环形密封垫11的上端面与第三环形凹槽的底壁相抵，且当板体10抵压在下板上时，环形密封垫11的下端面紧压在下板上，以加强封闭出气孔2a的效果。
如图1和图2所示，筒体4的筒壁上贯穿设有进气孔4a，且进气孔4a位于板体10和导桶5之间，筒体4外固定有与进气孔4a连通的气嘴12。进一步说明，筒体4的外侧壁上一体成型有呈管状的进气部4b，进气孔4a与进气部4b连通，气嘴12包括呈管状的出气部，且出气部螺纹连接在进气部4b内。
使用过程如下：如图1所示，电磁铁7处于失电状态时，板体10在电磁铁7作用下抵压在下板上并封闭出气孔2a，通过气嘴12往筒体4内灌入压缩气体直至到达设定值时停止供气；工作时，上板受外力作用同时克服两弹簧本体3的弹力以及压缩气体的压力下移实现缓冲；如图3所示，当筒体4内的压缩气体不承担缓冲作用时，电磁铁7通电主轴7b回缩使板体10上移以打开出气孔2a，使筒体4内气压和外部环境保持平衡，从而避免导桶5滑动受阻。
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种可变弹簧组件，包括顶板、底板以及竖直设于顶板和底板之间的弹簧本体，弹簧本体有两根且位置并列设置，其特征在于，两弹簧本体之间竖直设有筒体，且筒体的下端与底板密封固连，所述的底板上具有沿竖直方向贯穿设置的出气孔，且出气孔与筒体内腔连通，所述的筒体内竖直设有导桶，且导桶的顶部和底部分别呈封闭状和开口状，导桶的上端伸出筒体并与上板固连，导桶的外侧壁和筒体的内侧壁之间形成密封；导桶内设有电磁铁，电磁铁包括外壳和主轴，外壳的下端伸出导桶，且外壳的外侧壁和导桶内侧壁之间形成密封，外壳下端通过支架与筒体固连，所述的筒体内还水平设有板体，板体直径小于筒体内径，板体与主轴的下端固连，且电磁铁能驱动板体抵压在下板上并封闭上述的出气孔；所述的筒体的筒壁上贯穿设有进气孔，且进气孔位于板体和导桶之间，筒体外固定有与进气孔连通的气嘴；所述的导桶的外侧壁和筒体的内侧壁为相互匹配的圆柱面且两者贴靠在一起；所述的导桶的外侧壁上开设有第一环形凹槽，第一环形凹槽内设有第一密封圈，第一密封圈的外侧壁与筒体的内侧壁相抵；所述的外壳的外侧壁上开设有第二环形凹槽，第二环形凹槽内设有第二密封圈，且第二密封圈的外侧壁与导桶的内侧壁相抵；所述的板体的底壁上开设有第三环形凹槽，第三环形凹槽内固设有环形密封垫，环形密封垫的上端面与第三环形凹槽的底壁相抵，且当板体抵压在下板上时，环形密封垫的下端面紧压在下板上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可变弹簧组件，其特征在于，所述的筒体的外侧壁上一体成型有呈管状的进气部，进气孔与进气部连通，气嘴包括呈管状的出气部，且出气部螺纹连接在进气部内。
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