CN110923706A - Laser cladding device based on 3D prints and nozzle thereof - Google Patents
Laser cladding device based on 3D prints and nozzle thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110923706A CN110923706A CN201911419203.3A CN201911419203A CN110923706A CN 110923706 A CN110923706 A CN 110923706A CN 201911419203 A CN201911419203 A CN 201911419203A CN 110923706 A CN110923706 A CN 110923706A
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- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 8
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a laser cladding device based on 3D printing and a nozzle thereof, wherein the laser cladding device comprises: the device comprises a collimator, a focusing reflection structure, a protection structure, an adjusting mechanism and a nozzle; the collimator is coaxially connected with the incident light path direction of the focusing reflection structure; the focusing reflection structure is coaxially connected with the protection structure in the direction of an emission light path; the protection structure, the adjusting mechanism and the nozzle are mutually coaxial from top to bottom and are coaxially and hermetically connected through a screw. The nozzle comprises a powder flow passage, a cooling structure and a gas path structure; the powder flow channel, the cooling structure and the air path structure are not communicated with each other and are integrally formed by a metal 3D printing technology. The invention simplifies the processing and installation of the cladding device and the nozzle; the cooling area of the nozzle is effectively increased; the integrated forming nozzle can be subjected to post machining treatment; and the workpiece oxidation in the cladding process is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser cladding, in particular to a laser cladding device based on 3D printing and a nozzle thereof.
Background
The laser cladding is that the selected coating material is added to the surface of the base material by different methods, and the high-power-density laser beam is utilized to fuse and quickly solidify the coating material and the surface of the base material, so that the wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and oxidation-resistant metallurgically bonded surface coating is formed. The method is mainly applied to the fields of laser repair remanufacturing technology, additive forming technology and the like.
The laser cladding process puts higher requirements on a cladding device, particularly a nozzle part. The heat generated by the laser when it acts on the optical components and the coating material requires the device to be equipped with a cooling function; in the working process, dust is seriously blown, and if the dust is adhered to copper glasses or protective glasses, heat can be rapidly accumulated to damage the glasses. Therefore, the sealing performance of the integral cladding device is considered, and the connecting part is sealed by using the sealing rings such as the fluororubber ring and the like; for lens surfaces exposed to air, inert gases such as argon, nitrogen, etc. are designed to form a gas flow layer over the lens surface to protect it.
In order to realize the functions, the common cladding nozzle on the market has a complex structure and needs to be formed by combining a plurality of parts. But the coaxiality requirement of the powder path of the nozzle and the optical path of the optical system is higher, so that the simplification of the nozzle structure is beneficial to improving the working quality of the cladding device.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a cladding device and a nozzle based on metal 3D printing. Through the integrated forming of the cooling structure and the nozzle complex pipeline, the assembly relation of the cladding device is simplified, the size of the nozzle is reduced, and the cooling capacity is improved.
The invention is realized by at least one of the following technical schemes.
A laser cladding device based on 3D printing comprises a collimator, a focusing reflection structure, a protection structure, an adjusting mechanism and a nozzle; the collimator is coaxially connected with the incident light path direction of the focusing reflection structure; the focusing reflection structure is coaxially connected with the protection structure in the direction of an emission light path; the protective structure, the adjusting mechanism and the nozzle are coaxially and hermetically connected from top to bottom;
the focusing and reflecting structure comprises a copper reflector and a cooling fixing block; the copper reflector is embedded into the cooling fixing block;
the protective structure comprises protective lenses and a blowing structure; the protective lens is arranged below the copper reflector, and the air blowing structure is arranged below the protective lens; the protective lens prevents dust-laden gas from entering and contaminating the optical accessory;
the adjusting mechanism can adjust the relative position of the nozzle and the optical system, and adjust the nozzle in the XYZ three-dimensional direction to enable the powder convergence point of the nozzle to coincide with the optical focus;
the nozzle is located below the adjusting mechanism.
Further, the collimator collimates the laser emitted by the laser into parallel light.
Further, the inside of cooling fixed block encircles the fashioned cooling water course of 3D printing.
Furthermore, the protective lens is made of quartz, transmits laser with the wavelength of 900 nm-1200 nm, and is hermetically arranged below the copper reflector to play a role in dust protection.
Furthermore, the air blowing structure is an annular channel, an external air pipe is conveyed in to uniformly disperse air through the annular channel, then the air flows out from the hole on the channel to the middle, and an inert gas flow layer is formed on the surface of the protective lens to prevent dust from adhering to the surface of the protective lens and being heated to cause fragmentation.
A nozzle used for the laser cladding device based on 3D printing is a nozzle for 3D printing of metal and comprises a powder flow passage, a cooling structure and a gas path structure; the powder flow channel, the cooling structure and the gas path structure are not communicated with each other and are integrally formed by a metal 3D printing technology;
the powder flow channel controls the position and the size of powder spots after powder is converged, the included angle between the outlet direction of the powder flow channel and the direction vertical to the outlet direction is 23 degrees, the distance between the powder convergence point and the plane at the bottom of the powder flow channel is 6-10mm, and powder blockage caused by overheating of a nozzle during cladding is prevented;
the cooling structure comprises a water inlet, a cooling inner cavity and a water outlet and is used for introducing circulating cooling water to remove heat accumulated on the nozzle in the cladding process, and the cooling water in the cooling inner cavity coats the powder flow channel for timely cooling; the water inlet and the water outlet are connected with an external water pipe through threads, and a cavity formed between the water inlet and the water outlet is a cooling inner cavity;
the gas path structure comprises an internal gas path and a gas curtain structure; inside gas circuit one end is connected with outside trachea through the screw thread, and gas curtain structure includes two air inlets, and two air inlets pass through the screw thread and are connected with outside trachea.
Furthermore, the powder flow channels comprise three, four or six powder flow channels for feeding powder;
the powder flow channel is subjected to inner hole diameter changing treatment by 3D printing, and the hole diameter is smoothly transited to the required flow channel inner diameter of 1mm from the inner diameter of an external powder pipe such as 4mm, 5mm and 6 mm.
Further, the water inlet of the cooling inner cavity is positioned below the water outlet.
Further, the air curtain structure is an annular structure surrounding the powder flow channel, and the thickness of the air curtain structure is more than 1 mm.
Furthermore, the connection mode of the nozzle, an external powder feeding pipeline, a cooling water channel and a gas pipeline is threaded fast connection, and connecting threads are required to be added to the nozzle after 3D printing is finished; the nozzle is made of stainless steel or bronze materials.
The invention simplifies the processing and installation of the cladding device and the nozzle; the cooling area of the nozzle is effectively increased; the integrated forming nozzle can be subjected to post machining treatment; and the workpiece oxidation in the cladding process is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the invention simplifies the processing and installation of the cladding device and the nozzle. At present, a common cladding nozzle is composed of a plurality of parts to form a cooling inner cavity, and the angle of a powder feeding flow channel also puts higher requirements on machining. The metal 3D printing technology can effectively form a complex inner cavity structure, the forming precision meets the coaxiality requirement of the powder feeding flow channel, and the processing cost is reduced.
2. The invention effectively increases the cooling area of the nozzle. Based on the design mode of metal 3D printing technology, can make the abundant cladding of coolant send the powder pipeline, the heat is in time taken away to coolant, effectively prevents the jam of powder pipe.
3. The integrated forming nozzle can be subjected to post machining treatment. Due to the limitation of the metal 3D printing technology, the surface of the formed part is rough, and the appearance of the part needs to be convenient for post-processing and post-treatment.
4. The invention reduces the workpiece oxidation in the cladding process. The metal 3D printing technology has stronger forming capability on complex pipelines, and can add air channels inside compact nozzles. The gas curtain structure is added around the nozzle to generate an inert gas protection area, so that the oxidation phenomenon of the workpiece in the actual processing process is effectively solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an assembly diagram of a laser cladding device based on 3D printing according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cooling water channel of the cooling fixture of the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the nozzle powder flow path of the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a nozzle cooling structure of the present embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the nozzle gas path structure of the present embodiment;
wherein: 1-a collimator; 2-a focusing reflective structure; 3-a protective structure; 4-an adjustment mechanism; a 41-XY direction regulating block; a 42-Z direction adjusting block; 5-a nozzle; 21-a copper mirror; 22-cooling the fixed block; 221-cooling water channels; 51-powder flow channel; 52-a cooling structure; 521-a water outlet; 522-water inlet; 523-cooling chamber; 53-gas path structure; 531-internal gas circuit; 532-air curtain structure.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
A nozzle of a laser cladding device based on 3D printing is disclosed, wherein the nozzle 5 is a nozzle for 3D metal printing and comprises a powder flow passage 51, a cooling structure 52 and an air path structure 53; the powder flow channel 51, the cooling structure 52 and the air path structure 53 are not communicated with each other, are integrated in the nozzle 5 and are integrally formed by a metal 3D printing technology;
as shown in fig. 3, the powder flow channel 51 controls the position and size of the powder spot after the powder is converged, the included angle between the outlet direction of the powder flow channel 51 and the vertical direction thereof is 23 °, the distance Z between the powder convergence point and the bottom plane of the powder flow channel 51 is between 6mm and 10mm, and the powder blockage caused by overheating of a nozzle during cladding is prevented;
as shown in fig. 4, the cooling structure 52 includes a water inlet 521, a cooling cavity 523 and a water outlet 522, and is configured to introduce a circulating cooling water to remove heat accumulated on the nozzle during cladding, so that the cooling water in the cooling cavity 523 coats the powder flow channel 51 to cool in time; the water inlet 521 and the water outlet 522 are connected with an external water pipe through threads, and a cavity formed between the water inlet 521 and the water outlet 522 is a cooling inner cavity 523;
as shown in fig. 5, the air path structure 53 includes an inner air path 531 and an air curtain structure 532; inside gas circuit 531 one end is connected with outside trachea through the screw, and gas curtain structure 532 includes two air inlets, and two air inlets are connected with outside trachea through the screw. The gas curtain structure 53 is used for forming a protective gas atmosphere around the workpiece when the workpiece is formed in the cladding process, so that the workpiece is prevented from being oxidized when being solidified. The size of the inert region formed by the gas curtain structure 532 is determined according to the moving speed of the cladding device, and the gas curtain structure is properly increased when the gas curtain structure moves faster.
The powder flow passage 51 has three, four or six powder flow passages for feeding powder;
the powder flow passage 51 is subjected to inner hole diameter changing treatment by 3D printing, and the hole diameter is smoothly transited to the required flow passage inner diameter of 1mm from the inner diameter of an external powder pipe such as 4mm, 5mm and 6 mm.
The water inlet 521 of the cooling cavity 523 is located below the water outlet 522.
The air curtain structure 532 is an annular structure surrounding the powder flow passage 51, and the thickness of the air curtain structure 532 is more than 1 mm;
the connection mode of the nozzle, an external powder feeding pipeline, a cooling water channel and a gas pipeline is threaded quick connection, and connecting threads are required to be added to the nozzle after 3D printing is finished; the nozzle is made of stainless steel or bronze material
Fig. 1 shows a laser cladding apparatus based on 3D printing, including: the device comprises a collimator 1, a focusing reflection structure 2, a protection structure 3, an adjusting mechanism 4 and a nozzle 5; the collimator 1 is coaxially connected with the incident light path direction of the focusing reflection structure 2; the focusing reflection structure 2 is coaxially connected with the protection structure 3 in the direction of a transmitting light path; the protective structure 3, the adjusting mechanism 4 and the nozzle 5 are mutually coaxial from top to bottom and are coaxially and hermetically connected through a screw;
the focusing and reflecting structure 2 comprises a copper reflector 21 and a cooling fixed block 22; the copper reflector 21 is embedded in the cooling fixing block 22 and fixed by screws;
the protective structure 3 comprises a protective lens and a blowing structure; the protective lens is fixedly arranged below the copper reflector 21 through a screw, and the air blowing structure is fixedly arranged below the protective lens through a screw; the protective lens prevents dust-laden gas from entering and contaminating the optical accessory;
the blowing structure is an annular channel, an external air pipe is conveyed in to uniformly disperse air through the annular channel, and then the air flows out from the hole in the channel to the middle, so that an inert gas flow layer is formed on the surface of the protective lens, and dust is prevented from being adhered to the surface of the protective lens and then cracked due to heating.
The collimator 1 collimates the laser emitted by the laser into parallel light.
As shown in fig. 2, the cooling water channel 221 formed by 3D printing is surrounded inside the cooling fixing block 22, so that the assembly structure is simplified, and the cooling efficiency is improved.
The protective lens is made of quartz, transmits laser with the wavelength of 900 nm-1200 nm, and is hermetically arranged below the copper reflector 21 to play a role in dust protection.
The adjusting mechanism 4 can adjust the relative position of the nozzle 5 and the optical system, and adjust the nozzle 5 in XYZ three-dimensional direction to make the powder convergence point of the nozzle 5 coincide with the optical focus;
the adjusting mechanism 4 can adjust the relative position of the nozzle 5 and the optical system, the XY direction adjusting block 41 realizes the change of the relative position with the protective structure 3 by adjusting the tightness of the fastening screws on four sides, the fastening screws are screwed for fixing after the adjustment is finished, the Z direction adjusting block 42 is a cylindrical hollow structure and can move in the XY direction adjusting block 41 in the vertical direction, the fastening screws on the side surface are screwed for fixing with the XY direction adjusting block 41 after the position is determined, the nozzle 5 is adjusted in the XYZ three-dimensional direction by the mode, and the powder convergence point of the nozzle 5 is coincided with the optical focus;
the nozzle 5 is arranged below the adjusting mechanism 4 and connected through a screw.
The adjusting mechanism 4 comprises an XY direction adjusting block 41 and a Z direction adjusting block 42, the relative position of the nozzle 5 and the optical system can be adjusted, the XY direction adjusting block 41 realizes the change of the relative position with the protective structure 3 by adjusting the tightness of the fastening screws on four sides, the fastening screws are screwed for fixing after the adjustment is finished, the Z direction adjusting block 42 is a cylindrical hollow structure and can move in the XY direction adjusting block 41 in the vertical direction, the fastening screws on the side surface are screwed for fixing with the XY direction adjusting block 41 after the position is determined, the nozzle 5 is adjusted in the XYZ three-dimensional direction by the mode, and the powder convergence point of the nozzle 5 is coincided with the optical focus;
and before laser cladding, aligning the optical focus to coincide with the powder focus. The nozzle 5 is positioned and adjusted in the horizontal direction by adjusting a set screw on the XY two-dimensional adjusting block 41 to be coaxial with the optical system; the distance of the nozzle 5 in the vertical direction is controlled by rotating the Z-axis adjusting block 42 to the same height as the optical focal point.
Before laser cladding begins, a cooling medium and inert gas are introduced into a cladding device, wherein the cooling medium can be purified water with low temperature, and the inert gas can be argon, nitrogen and the like. The cooling medium is introduced into the cooling water channel 221 of the cooling fixed block 22; and passes into the cooling chamber 523 of the nozzle 5 to cool the powder flow path 51. Introducing inert gas into the blowing structure of the protective structure 3, and generating an inert gas protective layer on the protective lens surface layer to prevent the protective lens from being adhered with powder; in the gas path structure 53 leading to the nozzle 5, the gas in the inner gas path 531 prevents the dust from entering the interior of the cladding device through the light outlet, and the gas in the gas curtain structure 532 forms an inert gas protection area.
During laser cladding, laser is collimated by the collimator 1 and then is emitted into the copper reflector 21, and the cooling medium in the cooling water channel 221 cools the copper reflector 21 in time. The copper reflector 21 reflects and focuses light beams to the lower end of the nozzle 5, powder enters the powder flow channel 51 through a pipeline by a powder feeding device and is ejected out of the lower end of the nozzle, and the powder flow channels 51 are converged to form powder spots which are matched with laser for cladding. During cladding, a large amount of heat energy is generated, the cooling medium enters the cooling cavity 523 of the nozzle 5 through the water inlet 522, the cooling medium filled in the cavity quickly takes away the heat of the powder flow channel 51, and the heat is discharged from the water outlet 521 and enters the circulating equipment. The laser cladding apparatus is moved continuously during operation, and when the melted powder solidifies, it is located in the inert gas shielded region of the gas curtain structure 532 of the nozzle 5.
The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and they are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A laser cladding device based on 3D printing is characterized by comprising a collimator (1), a focusing reflection structure (2), a protection structure (3), an adjusting mechanism (4) and a nozzle (5); the collimator (1) is coaxially connected with the incident light path direction of the focusing reflection structure (2); the focusing reflection structure (2) is coaxially connected with the protection structure (3) in the direction of a transmitting light path; the protective structure (3), the adjusting mechanism (4) and the nozzle (5) are coaxially and hermetically connected from top to bottom;
the focusing and reflecting structure (2) comprises a copper reflector (21) and a cooling fixed block (22); the copper reflector (21) is embedded in the cooling fixing block (22);
the protective structure (3) comprises protective lenses and a blowing structure; the protective lens is arranged below the copper reflector (21), and the air blowing structure is arranged below the protective lens; the protective lens prevents dust-laden gas from entering and contaminating the optical accessory;
the adjusting mechanism (4) can adjust the relative position of the nozzle (5) and the optical system, and adjust the nozzle (5) in the XYZ three-dimensional direction to enable the powder convergence point of the nozzle (5) to coincide with the optical focus;
the nozzle (5) is positioned below the adjusting mechanism (4).
2. The laser cladding device based on 3D printing is characterized in that the collimator (1) collimates the laser emitted by the laser into parallel light.
3. 3D printing-based laser cladding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inside of the cooling fixing block (22) surrounds a cooling water channel (221) formed by 3D printing.
4. The laser cladding device based on 3D printing of claim 1, wherein the protective lens is made of quartz, transmits laser with a wavelength of 900 nm-1200 nm, and is hermetically mounted below the copper reflector (21) to protect the copper reflector from dust.
5. The laser cladding device based on 3D printing of claim 1, wherein the gas blowing structure is an annular channel, an external gas pipe is conveyed in to uniformly disperse gas through the annular channel, and then the gas flows out from holes in the channel to the middle, so that an inert gas flow layer is formed on the surface of the protective lens, and dust is prevented from being broken due to heat after being adhered to the surface of the protective lens.
6. A nozzle used for the laser cladding device based on 3D printing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nozzle (5) is a nozzle for 3D metal printing, and comprises a powder flow passage (51), a cooling structure (52) and a gas path structure (53); the powder flow channel (51), the cooling structure (52) and the air channel structure (53) are not communicated with each other and are integrally formed by a metal 3D printing technology;
the powder flow channel (51) controls the position and the size of the powder spot after the powder is converged, the included angle between the outlet direction of the powder flow channel (51) and the vertical direction of the outlet direction is 23 degrees, the distance between the powder convergence point and the bottom plane of the powder flow channel (51) is 6-10mm, and the powder blockage caused by overheating of a nozzle during cladding is prevented;
the cooling structure (52) comprises a water inlet (521), a cooling inner cavity (523) and a water outlet (522) and is used for introducing circulating cooling water to carry away heat accumulated on the nozzle in the cladding process, and the cooling inner cavity (523) is used for cooling water to cover the powder flow channel (51) for timely cooling; the water inlet (521) and the water outlet (522) are connected with an external water pipe through threads, and a cavity formed between the water inlet and the water outlet is a cooling inner cavity (523);
the air path structure (53) comprises an internal air path (531) and an air curtain structure (532); one end of the internal air circuit (531) is connected with an external air pipe through threads, and the air curtain structure (532) comprises two air inlets which are connected with the external air pipe through threads.
7. The nozzle of claim 6, wherein the powder flow path (51) delivers three, four or six powder flows;
the powder flow passage (51) is subjected to inner hole reducing treatment by 3D printing, and the hole diameter is smoothly transited to the required flow passage inner diameter of 1mm from the inner diameter of an external powder pipe such as 4mm, 5mm and 6 mm.
8. The nozzle of claim 6, wherein the water inlet (521) of the cooling lumen (523) is located at a position below the water outlet (522).
9. The nozzle of claim 6, wherein the gas curtain structure (532) is an annular structure surrounding the powder flow channel (51), the gas curtain structure (532) having a thickness of 1mm or more.
10. The nozzle according to claim 6, wherein the nozzle is connected with the external powder feeding pipeline, the cooling water channel and the gas pipeline in a threaded quick connection mode, and a connecting thread is required to be added to the nozzle after 3D printing is finished; the nozzle is made of stainless steel or bronze materials.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911419203.3A CN110923706A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Laser cladding device based on 3D prints and nozzle thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911419203.3A CN110923706A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Laser cladding device based on 3D prints and nozzle thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112126925A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-25 | 江苏联宸激光科技有限公司 | Be applied to special high-efficient manipulator of laser cladding |
| CN112481612A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-12 | 华南理工大学 | Cladding device for rapid clamping |
| CN113802116A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-17 | 华南理工大学 | Heterogeneous multi-material laser cladding nozzle and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115491672A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-20 | 中机新材料研究院(郑州)有限公司 | Device and method for repairing micro-pores on surface of ultrahigh-speed laser cladding coating |
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| CN112481612A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-12 | 华南理工大学 | Cladding device for rapid clamping |
| CN113802116A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-17 | 华南理工大学 | Heterogeneous multi-material laser cladding nozzle and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115491672A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-20 | 中机新材料研究院(郑州)有限公司 | Device and method for repairing micro-pores on surface of ultrahigh-speed laser cladding coating |
| CN115491672B (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2023-11-24 | 中机新材料研究院(郑州)有限公司 | Repairing device and method for micro-pores on surface of ultrahigh-speed laser cladding coating |
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