CN106757014B - Laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device - Google Patents
Laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106757014B CN106757014B CN201710059671.9A CN201710059671A CN106757014B CN 106757014 B CN106757014 B CN 106757014B CN 201710059671 A CN201710059671 A CN 201710059671A CN 106757014 B CN106757014 B CN 106757014B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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Abstract
The invention relates to a laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device which is used for converting an incident beam to clad a clad material on a substrate, and comprises a support frame, a spectroscope and a reflection focusing assembly, wherein the spectroscope and the reflection focusing assembly are arranged on the support frame; the reflecting focusing surface reflects and focuses part of the reflected light beam to form a cladding light beam, and the cladding light beam carries out cladding on a material to be clad which is sprayed onto the base material to form a molten pool; the reflecting surface reflects part of the reflected light beam to form a preheating light beam, the preheating light beam preheats the clad material above the base material, and/or the preheating light beam preheats and slowly cools the base material; the support frame is staggered with the cladding light beam and the preheating light beam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device, and belongs to the field of laser additive manufacturing.
Background
In the advanced laser processing and forming technology, there is a key technology, that is, laser and melted material are synchronously transmitted to a processing and forming position, and metal material is continuously, accurately and uniformly thrown into a focusing light spot which scans on a processing surface according to a preset track, so that precise coupling of light and material is realized. The material is converted from light energy to heat energy in the light beam, and is instantly melted to form a molten pool, so that the metallurgical process of rapid melting and solidification of the material is completed.
In the prior art, the quenching and quenching effects of laser cladding can cause large overheating and supercooling degrees of processing materials, and easily cause cracking of a molten layer. In order to solve the problems, a preheating and slow cooling technology is introduced, and the temperature gradient can be effectively reduced by slow cooling after the substrate is preheated and cladded, so that the residual thermal stress is released. The existing preheating technology mostly adopts methods of external heat sources such as electromagnetic induction and resistance heating to integrally heat a workpiece substrate, the heating temperature is generally 200-600 ℃, the integral heating has a certain effect, but when a large workpiece is repaired or 3D formed, the position change of a processing point can cause the distance change from a heating area, so that the preheating temperature is changed, and an additional device is also troublesome. In order to avoid the above-mentioned influence, one of the methods is to directly use low-density laser beam to carry out local follow-up preheating and slow cooling in front of and behind the molten pool, and the method does not need to use other heat sources and devices. For example, US2009/0283501a1 proposes that one laser inputs a high-density small circular beam for cladding, and the other laser inputs a coaxial low-density large circular beam for preheating the material to be clad; chinese patent application No. CN201380036006.8, which proposes cladding and preheating of wire, discloses a system comprising a high intensity energy source configured to heat at least one workpiece to create a puddle and a feeder system comprising a wire feeder configured to feed consumables to the puddle. The system also includes an induction system that receives the consumable and inductively heats a section of the consumable before the section of the consumable enters the molten bath. The method includes heating at least one workpiece to create a molten pool and feeding a consumable to the molten pool. The method also includes inductively heating a section of the consumable before entering the molten bath.
The contents of the main and auxiliary light beams for follow-up preheating and slow cooling mostly report light paths and principles, some adopt a simulation method for effect verification, and some adopt a pre-coating method for cladding. However, in the prior art, the related patents which adopt the combination of cladding and preheating technologies have the following problems: as disclosed in US2009/0283501a1, preheating a workpiece with a separate laser can be problematic: 1. the structure of the spray head is very complex and the cost is high; 2. the volume of the spray head is very large, and the spray head cannot enter a narrow space to carry out some cladding work.
The disclosure of chinese patent application No. CN201380036006.8, which adopts an inductance device to preheat the material to be clad, is completely independent from the cladding operation, and has the following problems: 1. the structure of the spray head is very complex and the cost is high; 2. the volume of the spray head is very large, and the spray head cannot enter a narrow space to perform some cladding work; 3. the wire is subjected to inductive heating in the channel, and in the process of leaving the channel and entering the molten pool, the wire loses a heating source, the temperature on the wire can be changed, the position precision of the wire is easily changed, the surface quality and precision of a cladding layer are easily influenced, and even cladding work cannot be carried out; 4. the induction heating only heats the wire material, but not heats the matrix, only improves the cladding efficiency, and does not really have the functions of reducing the thermal stress of the molten layer, reducing the defects of thermal cracks and the like.
In addition, in addition to the above embodiments, the following problems are also common in other conventional internal powder feeding or wire feeding cladding feeding devices: the cladding light beam can intersect with the support frame, so that the capacity loss is caused, and the cladding light beam irradiates on the support frame, so that the strain of the support frame is accelerated, and in addition, in the prior art, a light absorption material is generally required to be coated on a light facing surface of the support frame, but if the process stability is not good, light still reflects to the condenser lens, so that the condenser lens is easily damaged by overheating, and therefore, the process difficulty requirement for coating and plating the light absorption material is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device which can realize two processes of cladding and preheating simultaneously, wherein during preheating, a base material and a clad material can be preheated, so that the cladding efficiency can be improved, the process heat treatment requirements of different materials and structures can be met, the thermal stress of a molten layer is reduced, and the generation probability of defects such as thermal cracks is reduced; the device can reduce the energy loss of the light path and improve the energy utilization rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a laser multi-beam feeding, cladding and preheating device is used for converting an incident beam to clad a clad material on a substrate and comprises a support frame, a beam splitter and a reflection focusing assembly, wherein the beam splitter and the reflection focusing assembly are arranged on the support frame; the reflecting focusing surface reflects and focuses part of the reflected light beam to form a cladding light beam, and the cladding light beam carries out cladding on a material to be clad which is sprayed onto the base material to form a molten pool; the reflecting surface reflects part of the reflected light beam to form a preheating light beam, the preheating light beam preheats a clad material above the base material, and/or the preheating light beam preheats and slowly cools the base material; the support frame is staggered with the cladding light beam and the preheating light beam.
Further: and a hollow part for passing the cladding light beam and the preheating light beam is formed on the support frame.
Further: the supporting frame comprises a lower supporting frame and an upper supporting frame fixed on the lower supporting frame, the lower supporting frame comprises an upper supporting frame installation part which is of an annular structure, a reflection focusing assembly installation part formed by upwards protruding the upper supporting frame installation part, a fixing part positioned in the hollow of the upper supporting frame installation part and a supporting rib plate for connecting the fixing part and the upper supporting frame installation part, the reflection focusing assembly installation part is annular, the excircle diameter of the upper supporting frame installation part is larger than that of the reflection focusing assembly installation part, the upper supporting frame is installed on the upper supporting frame installation part, the reflection focusing assembly is installed on the reflection focusing assembly installation part, the spectroscope is fixed on the fixing part, the fixing part is not connected with the upper supporting frame installation part, and the hollow part for the cladding light beam and the preheating light beam to pass through is formed between the fixing, the projection of the supporting rib plate is positioned in the hollow part, and the supporting rib plate is staggered with the cladding light beam and the preheating light beam.
Further: the reflection focusing surfaces are arranged along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the spectroscope, the reflection surfaces are arranged along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the spectroscope, and the orthographic projection of the reflection focusing surface projected on the base material, the orthographic projection of the reflection surface projected on the base material and the orthographic projection of the support rib plate projected on the base material are staggered.
Further: the reflecting focusing surfaces are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the spectroscope at equal intervals, and the reflecting surfaces are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the spectroscope at equal intervals.
Further: the reflecting focal plane and the reflecting plane are arranged at intervals; or the reflecting focusing surface and the reflecting surface are arranged up and down.
Further: the number of the reflecting focal planes and the number of the reflecting planes are even.
Further: the spectroscope comprises a first mirror surface part and a second mirror surface part which are arranged along the circumferential direction of a central axis of the spectroscope; the orthographic projection of the first mirror surface part projected on the base material, the orthographic projection of the second mirror surface part projected on the base material and the orthographic projection of the supporting rib plate projected on the base material are staggered; the first mirror surface part receives and reflects part of the incident light beam to form a first reflected light beam, and the first reflected light beam is projected on the reflection focusing surface to be converted to form the cladding light beam; the second mirror surface part receives and reflects part of the incident light beam to form a second reflected light beam, and the second reflected light beam is projected on the reflecting surface to be converted to form the preheating light beam.
Further: the spectroscope is provided with a first mirror surface part, the first mirror surface part faces the reflecting focusing surface and the reflecting surface at the same time, the first mirror surface part can receive incident beams and form reflecting beams, and the reflecting beams are converted through the reflecting focusing surface and the reflecting surface respectively to form cladding beams and preheating beams.
Further: the cladding light beam and the preheating light beam are at least two beams, the distance between each beam of the preheating light beam and the central axis of the spectroscope is the same, and the included angle formed by each beam of the preheating light beam and the central axis of the spectroscope is the same; the distance between each cladding light beam and the central axis of the spectroscope is the same, and the included angle formed by each cladding light beam and the central axis of the spectroscope is the same.
Further: the area of the reflecting focal plane is larger than that of the reflecting surface.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device has the following advantages:
1. the reflecting focusing mirror and the reflecting mirror convert the reflecting beam into a cladding beam for cladding the clad material and a preheating beam for preheating the clad material and/or the base material, so that two processes of cladding and preheating are realized simultaneously, wherein the cladding efficiency is improved by preheating the clad material, and the generation probability of defects such as thermal stress of a molten layer and thermal cracks is reduced by preheating the base material;
2. an incident beam is simultaneously converted into a cladding beam and a preheating beam, so that the overall size is reduced, the overall structure is simple, and the cost is reduced;
3. the arrangement of the reflecting focusing mirror and the reflecting mirror can help to correct the reflecting angle of the reflected light beam, so that even if the reflected light beam has deviation, the correction can be realized by adjusting the positions of the reflecting focusing mirror and the reflecting mirror, and the error value of the installation position of the spectroscope has a larger accommodation range;
4. when the laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device runs, the position and the size among the preheated beam, the clad material and the cladding beam cannot be changed, and the preheated beam, the clad material and the cladding beam synchronously move along with the nozzle, so that the stability of the cladding process is ensured, and the improvement of the surface quality and the precision of a cladding layer is facilitated;
5. because the support frame is staggered with the incident beam, the reflected beam, the cladding beam and the preheating beam, the support frame can not interfere with the incident beam, the reflected beam, the cladding beam and the preheating beam, the energy loss of a light path is reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the laser cladding feeding apparatus shown in fig. 1 in another direction;
FIG. 3 is a partial block diagram of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a view of FIG. 3 in another orientation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the supporting frame of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the support frame of FIG. 1 in another orientation;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the beam splitter of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of still another beam splitter;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of another beam splitter;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of another spectroscope.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is used for converting the incident beam 10 to clad a clad material (not shown) on a substrate 30, in this embodiment, the clad material is a wire. The laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device comprises a support frame 1, a spectroscope 2 and a reflection focusing assembly 3 which are arranged on the support frame 1, and a nozzle 5 which is positioned below the reflection focusing assembly 3. The beam splitter 2 converts the incident light beam 10 into a reflected light beam, the reflected light beam is reflected along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the beam splitter 2, the reflective focusing assembly 3 comprises a reflective focusing surface 311 and a reflective surface 321, and both the reflective focusing surface 311 and the reflective surface 321 face the beam splitter 2; the reflecting focusing surface 311 reflects and focuses part of the reflected light beam to form a cladding light beam 201, and the cladding light beam 201 performs cladding on a material to be clad which is sprayed onto the base material 30 to form a molten pool; the reflecting surface 321 reflects part of the reflected beam to form a preheating beam 202, and the preheating beam 202 preheats the material to be clad above the substrate 30; the support frame 1 is arranged in a staggered manner with the incident beam 10, the reflected beam, the cladding beam 201 and the preheating beam 202. When the preheating beam 202 preheats the material to be clad, a part of the preheating beam 202 is shielded by the material to be clad, and another part is not shielded, and the part of the preheating beam 202 which is not shielded is projected to the substrate 30 to form a light spot, so as to preheat and slowly cool the substrate 30. The preheating and slow cooling of the substrate 30 are determined by the cladding path during cladding. Of course, in other embodiments, when the material to be clad is a powder, it may only preheat and slow cool the substrate.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the support frame 1 includes a lower support frame 11 and an upper support frame 12 fixed on the lower support frame 11, the lower support frame 11 includes an upper support frame mounting portion 111 having an annular structure, a reflection focusing assembly mounting portion 112 formed by upward protruding from the upper support frame mounting portion 111, a fixing member 113 located in a hollow of the upper support frame mounting portion 111, and a support rib plate 114 connecting the fixing member 113 and the upper support frame mounting portion 111, the reflection focusing assembly mounting portion 112 is annular, and an outer diameter of the upper support frame mounting portion 111 is greater than an outer diameter of the reflection focusing assembly mounting portion 112. The upper support frame 12 is mounted on the upper support frame mounting part 111, the reflection focusing assembly 3 is mounted on the reflection focusing assembly mounting part 112, the fixing part 113 includes a spectroscope mounting surface 1131 and an intermediate shaft mounting surface (not numbered) which are arranged in an up-down opposite manner, and the spectroscope 2 is fixed on the spectroscope mounting surface 1131. An intermediate shaft 13 is fixed on the intermediate shaft mounting surface, the intermediate shaft 13 is positioned below the spectroscope 2, and the nozzle 5 is mounted on the intermediate shaft 13. The fixing member 113 is not connected to the upper support frame mounting portion 111. In the present embodiment, the cladding beam 201 and the preheating beam 202 surround and form the hollow no-light area 50, and the nozzle 5 is located in the hollow no-light area 50, in the present embodiment, since the nozzle 5 is disposed on the intermediate shaft 13 and located in the hollow no-light area 50, the laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device of the present embodiment employs in-light feeding. The upper support frame 12 and the lower support frame 11 are enclosed to form a cavity 14, the reflection focusing assembly 3 and the spectroscope 2 are located in the cavity 14, and an incident light beam opening 121 is arranged above the upper support frame 12. An annular hollow part 115 through which the preheating beam 202 passes is formed between the fixing member 113 and the upper support frame mounting part 111. The projection of the support rib plate 114 is positioned in the annular hollow part 115, and the support rib plate 2117 is staggered with the cladding beam 201 and the preheating beam 202. In this embodiment, the support rib plates 114 are located in the annular hollow portion 115, the number of the support rib plates 114 is four, the annular hollow portion 115 is divided into four arc areas 1151 by four support rib plates 114, and the cladding beam 201 and the preheating beam 202 respectively pass through the four arc areas 1151. Since the cladding beam 201 and the preheating beam 202 pass through the four arc regions 1151, respectively, the cladding beam 201 and the preheating beam 202 do not intersect with the support frame 1, so that optical loss can be prevented. In other embodiments, the arcuate regions 1151 may be provided in numbers as desired.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, the reflective focusing assembly 3 includes a reflective focusing mirror 31 and a reflective mirror 32, the reflective focusing surface 311 is formed on the reflective focusing mirror 31, and the reflective surface 321 is formed on the reflective mirror 32. The area of the reflective focal plane 311 is larger than the area of the reflective surface 321. In this embodiment, an inclination angle of the reflective focusing surface 311 with respect to a central axis of the beam splitter 2 (the central axis of the beam splitter 2 is coaxial with a central axis of the laser multi-beam feeding, cladding and preheating device) is not equal to an inclination angle of the reflective surface 321 with respect to the central axis of the beam splitter 2. The reflecting focusing mirror 31 and the reflecting mirror 32 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the spectroscope 2. The orthographic projection of the reflecting focal plane 311 of the reflecting focal mirror 31 projected on the base material 30, the orthographic projection of the reflecting plane 321 of the reflecting mirror 32 projected on the base material 30 and the orthographic projection of the supporting rib plate 114 projected on the base material 30 are staggered, the arrangement of the cladding light beam 201, the preheating light beam 202 and the supporting rib plate 114 in a staggered mode is achieved through the arrangement, and the cladding light beam 201, the preheating light beam 202 and the supporting rib plate 114 are not interfered with each other. The reflecting focusing mirror 31 and the reflecting mirror 32 are circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the spectroscope 2. In this embodiment, the number of the focusing mirror 31 and the reflecting mirror 32 is two, and the focusing mirror and the reflecting mirror are arranged at intervals. Since the number of the focusing mirrors 31 and the number of the reflecting mirrors 32 are two, the finally formed cladding beam 201 and the preheating beam 202 are two beams. In other embodiments, the reflecting focusing mirror 31 and the reflecting mirror 32 may be provided in other numbers according to actual requirements. In order to enable cladding and preheating to be uniform, the distance between each preheating light beam 202 and the central axis of the spectroscope 2 is the same, and the size of an included angle formed by each preheating light beam 202 and the central axis of the spectroscope 2 is the same; the distance between each cladding light beam 201 and the central axis of the spectroscope 2 is the same, and the included angle formed by each cladding light beam 201 and the central axis of the spectroscope 2 is the same. The reflecting focusing mirrors 31 are uniformly distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the spectroscope 2, and the reflecting mirrors 32 are uniformly distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the spectroscope 2. In this embodiment, the reflective focusing mirror 31 and the reflective mirror 32 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the spectroscope 2. The reflecting focusing mirror 31 and the reflecting mirror 32 are respectively a single body for the convenience of installation and maintenance. In this embodiment, the reflective focal plane 311 is an arc-shaped plane, and the reflective plane 321 is a plane. Since the reflective focus surface 311 is an arc surface, a beam formed by reflecting part of the reflected beam through the arc surface 311 is a cladding beam 201 capable of cladding a material to be clad, so that the material to be clad on the substrate 30 can be clad; since the reflecting surface 321 is a plane, a beam formed by reflecting part of the reflected beam by the plane 321 is a parallel beam (i.e., the preheating beam 202), which has no cladding function but can preheat the substrate 30 and the clad material.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the beam splitter 2 includes a first mirror surface portion 21 and a second mirror surface portion 22 arranged along a circumferential direction of a central axis of the beam splitter 2; the orthographic projection of the first mirror surface part 21 on the base material 30, the orthographic projection of the second mirror surface part 22 on the base material 30 and the orthographic projection of the supporting rib plate on the base material are staggered. The first mirror surface portion 21 receives a part of the incident beam 10 and reflects the part of the incident beam 10 to form a first reflected beam 401, and the first reflected beam 401 is projected on the reflective focal plane 311 to convert and form the cladding beam 201; the second mirror surface 22 receives a part of the incident beam 10 and reflects the part of the incident beam 10 to form a second reflected beam 402, and the second reflected beam 402 is projected on the reflecting surface 321 to be converted to form the preheating beam 201. The number of the first mirror surface portions 21 is two, and the number of the second mirror surface portions 22 is two. The two first mirror surface portions 21 and the two second mirror surface portions 22 are formed on one beam splitter (i.e., an integral structure). Indeed, the first mirror surface part 21 and the second mirror surface part 22 may be respectively independent. The integrated design can make the spectroscope 2 more compact in structure and convenient to install; and the split structure is beneficial to subsequent maintenance, and the cost of replacement and maintenance is saved. Indeed, as shown in fig. 9, the beam splitter 2 "may also have a first mirror surface portion 21" and a first mirror surface portion 22 ", the first mirror surface portion 21" facing both the reflective focal plane and the reflective plane. The inclination angle between the first mirror surface portion 21 "and the central axis of the beam splitter 2" is greater than 0 and smaller than 90 °, so that the first mirror surface portion 21 "can receive the incident beam 10" and form a reflected beam, and the reflected beam is reflected by the reflective focusing surface and the reflective surface to form a cladding beam and a preheating beam. Since the second mirror surface portion 22 ″ is inclined at an angle of 0 relative to the central axis of the beam splitter 2', it cannot receive the incident light beam 10 ″ and cannot reflect the light beam, and since the second mirror surface portion 22 ″ does not operate, it is also possible to provide only the first mirror surface portion 21 ″ without providing the second mirror surface portion 22 ″. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 10, the beam splitter (not numbered) may be a tapered device, and the first mirror surface portion (not numbered) is a tapered surface.
In this embodiment, the reflective focusing mirror 31 and the reflective mirror 32 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the beam splitter 2. Of course, in other embodiments, the reflecting focusing mirror 31 and the reflecting mirror 32 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the spectroscope 2, and the reflecting focusing mirror 31 and the reflecting mirror 32 are arranged up and down along the height direction of the spectroscope 2; in such an arrangement, the first mirror surface and the second mirror surface of the corresponding beam splitter can also be vertically arranged along the height direction of the beam splitter (the height direction is the direction indicated by the arrow a in fig. 8, and the height direction is consistent with the height direction of the laser cladding feeding device capable of reducing the light loss), as shown in fig. 8. In addition, except for the embodiment, the first mirror surface, the second mirror surface and the support rib plate can be arranged in a staggered manner, namely: the orthographic projection of the first mirror surface part projected on the base material, the orthographic projection of the second mirror surface part projected on the base material and the orthographic projection of the supporting rib plate projected on the base material are staggered. In such a structure, the arrangement of the reflecting focal plane and the reflecting plane in the present embodiment may be adopted, or the reflecting focal plane and the reflecting plane may have a ring-shaped horn structure.
Referring to fig. 2, a light path cooling system for cooling the support frame 1, the spectroscope 2 and the reflection focusing assembly 3 by circulating a cooling medium may be formed in the laser multi-beam feeding, cladding and preheating device, so as to prolong the service life of the support frame 1, the spectroscope 2 and the reflection focusing assembly 3.
In summary, the following steps: in summary, the laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device has the following advantages:
1. the reflected light beams are converted into cladding light beams 201 for cladding the clad material and preheating light beams 202 for preheating the clad material and/or the base material 30 through the reflecting focusing mirror 31 and the reflecting mirror 32, so that two processes of cladding and preheating are realized, wherein the cladding efficiency is improved by preheating the clad material, and the generation probability of defects such as thermal stress of a cladding layer and thermal cracks is reduced by preheating the base material 30;
2. an incident beam 10 is simultaneously converted into a cladding beam 201 and a preheating beam 202, so that the overall size is reduced, the overall structure is simple, and the cost is reduced;
3. the arrangement of the reflecting focusing mirror 31 and the reflecting mirror 32 can help to correct the reflecting angle of the reflected light beam, so that even if the reflected light beam has deviation, the correction can be realized by adjusting the positions of the reflecting focusing mirror 31 and the reflecting mirror 32, and the error value of the installation position of the spectroscope 2 has a larger tolerance range;
4. when the laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device operates, the position and the size among the preheating beam 202, the clad material and the cladding beam 201 cannot be changed, and the preheating beam moves synchronously with the nozzle 5, so that the stability of the cladding process is ensured, and the surface quality and the precision of a cladding layer are improved;
5. because the support frame 1 is staggered with the incident beam 10, the reflected beam, the cladding beam 201 and the preheating beam 202, the support frame 1 can not interfere with the incident beam 10, the reflected beam, the cladding beam 201 and the preheating beam 202, the energy loss of a light path is reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A laser multi-beam feeding, cladding and preheating device is used for converting an incident beam to clad a clad material on a substrate and comprises a support frame, a spectroscope and a reflection focusing assembly, wherein the spectroscope and the reflection focusing assembly are arranged on the support frame; the reflecting focusing surface reflects and focuses part of the reflected light beam to form a cladding light beam, and the cladding light beam carries out cladding on a material to be clad which is sprayed onto the base material to form a molten pool; the reflecting surface reflects part of the reflected light beam to form a preheating light beam, the preheating light beam preheats a clad material above the base material, and/or the preheating light beam preheats and slowly cools the base material; the support frame is staggered with the cladding light beam and the preheating light beam.
2. The laser multi-beam feed cladding and preheating device of claim 1, wherein a hollow portion through which cladding beams and preheating beams pass is formed on the support frame.
3. The laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device according to claim 2, wherein the support frame comprises a lower support frame and an upper support frame fixed on the lower support frame, the lower support frame comprises an upper support frame mounting part in an annular structure, a reflection focusing assembly mounting part formed by upward protruding on the upper support frame mounting part, a fixing part located in the hollow of the upper support frame mounting part, and a support rib plate connecting the fixing part and the upper support frame mounting part, the reflection focusing assembly mounting part is in an annular shape, the outer diameter of the upper support frame mounting part is greater than that of the reflection focusing assembly mounting part, the upper support frame is mounted on the upper support frame mounting part, the reflection focusing assembly is mounted on the reflection focusing assembly mounting part, the spectroscope is fixed on the fixing part, and the fixing part is not connected with the upper support frame mounting part, and a hollow part for the cladding light beam and the preheating light beam to pass through is formed between the support rib plate and the hollow part, the projection of the support rib plate is positioned in the hollow part, and the support rib plate is staggered with the cladding light beam and the preheating light beam.
4. The laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device according to claim 3, wherein the reflection focusing surfaces are arranged along a circumferential direction of a central axis of the beam splitter, the reflection surfaces are arranged along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the beam splitter, and an orthographic projection of the reflection focusing surface projected on the base material, an orthographic projection of the reflection surface projected on the base material and an orthographic projection of the support rib projected on the base material are staggered.
5. The laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device of claim 4, wherein the reflecting focusing surfaces are uniformly distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the beam splitter, and the reflecting surfaces are uniformly distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the beam splitter.
6. The laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the reflecting focusing surface and the reflecting surface are arranged at intervals; or the reflecting focusing surface and the reflecting surface are arranged up and down.
7. The laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device of claim 4 or 5, wherein the number of the reflecting focusing surfaces and the number of the reflecting surfaces are both even.
8. The laser multi-beam feed cladding and preheating device of claim 3 or 4, wherein the beam splitter comprises a first mirror surface portion and a second mirror surface portion arranged in a circumferential direction of a central axis of the beam splitter; the orthographic projection of the first mirror surface part projected on the base material, the orthographic projection of the second mirror surface part projected on the base material and the orthographic projection of the supporting rib plate projected on the base material are staggered; the first mirror surface part receives and reflects part of the incident light beam to form a first reflected light beam, and the first reflected light beam is projected on the reflection focusing surface to be converted to form the cladding light beam; the second mirror surface part receives and reflects part of the incident light beam to form a second reflected light beam, and the second reflected light beam is projected on the reflecting surface to be converted to form the preheating light beam.
9. The laser multi-beam feeder cladding and preheating device of claim 4, wherein the beam splitter has a first mirror surface portion facing both the reflective focusing surface and the reflective surface, the first mirror surface portion being capable of receiving the incident beam and forming a reflected beam, the reflected beam being converted into the cladding beam and the preheating beam by the reflective focusing surface and the reflective surface, respectively.
10. The laser multi-beam feed cladding and preheating device of claim 1, wherein the area of the reflective focusing surface is larger than the area of the reflective surface.
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| CN108070854B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2019-12-10 | 沈阳农业大学 | Plasma cladding process for agricultural easily-worn soil-contacting part |
| CN110405203A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2019-11-05 | 长沙嘉程机械制造有限公司 | Coaxial compound multiple laser+electric heating silk material deposition method |
| CN111058029A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-24 | 东南大学 | Laser cladding head capable of simultaneously performing preheating tempering and laser cladding method thereof |
| CN113770468B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2022-05-27 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Light beam welding apparatus, method, device, storage medium, and electronic device |
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| JPS6448692A (en) * | 1987-08-20 | 1989-02-23 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Multifocusing laser beam condensing device |
| CN103862173A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-18 | 大连理工大学 | High-speed laser welding method for invar film |
| CN207016853U (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2018-02-16 | 苏州大学 | Laser multiple beam feeding cladding and preheating device |
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| FI20051173A0 (en) * | 2005-11-17 | 2005-11-17 | Kari Aalto | Method and equipment for use with laser |
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| JPS6448692A (en) * | 1987-08-20 | 1989-02-23 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Multifocusing laser beam condensing device |
| CN103862173A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-18 | 大连理工大学 | High-speed laser welding method for invar film |
| CN207016853U (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2018-02-16 | 苏州大学 | Laser multiple beam feeding cladding and preheating device |
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