CN110922243A - Nutrient solution for promoting rapid rooting of gynura bicolor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Nutrient solution for promoting rapid rooting of gynura bicolor and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN110922243A
CN110922243A CN201911319724.1A CN201911319724A CN110922243A CN 110922243 A CN110922243 A CN 110922243A CN 201911319724 A CN201911319724 A CN 201911319724A CN 110922243 A CN110922243 A CN 110922243A
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nutrient solution
gynura bicolor
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杨凤娟
赵黎丽
王世显
苏长征
苏小龙
孙庆录
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Shandong Changxing Agricultural Development Co Ltd
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    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates

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Abstract

The invention discloses a nutrient solution for promoting fast rooting of gynura bicolor and a preparation method thereof, wherein the nutrient solution contains macroelements and microelements, and the macroelements comprise: n, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, wherein N is 119.44-205.66 Mg/L, P19.31.31-31.00 Mg/L, K232.95-398.19 Mg/L. When the nutrient solution is prepared, different substances are added according to specific preparation, so that the problem that the nutrient solution quality is influenced by uneven distribution of nutrient substances in the nutrient solution or other chemical reactions among various components due to precipitation formed when the material concentration is too high is avoided. The special nutrient solution is scientifically and reasonably prepared according to the absorption characteristics of the gynura bicolor to nutrient elements in summer, has comprehensive nutrient elements, effective components and simple preparation, is beneficial to the growth and development of the gynura bicolor, can effectively avoid the decay of root systems, promotes the growth of the root systems, reduces the rooting days and increases the number of root tips.

Description

Nutrient solution for promoting rapid rooting of gynura bicolor and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soilless culture of plants, in particular to a nutrient solution for promoting fast rooting of gynura bicolor and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Gynura bicolor (Gynura bicolor D.C) is called herba Gynurae Divaricatae, herba Coriandri, Notoginseng, etc., and belongs to perennial herb vegetable of Notoginseng of Compositae (Compositae). The gynura bicolor has higher edible value and health-care value, is rich in nutrient functional components such as mineral substances, proteins, various amino acids, crude fibers, various vitamins, polysaccharides, flavonoid compounds, anthocyanin, alkaloid and the like, and has various health-care functions of resisting oxidation, reducing blood sugar and blood fat, regulating immunity, resisting tumors and inflammation, improving hematopoietic function, resisting aging and the like.
In recent years, with the rapid rise of modern agricultural parks, sightseeing agriculture is pursued by people, and gynura bicolor is more and more favored by people with unique edible value and health care value. The gynura bicolor in the garden is mostly cultivated by water culture, but the gynura bicolor often suffers from root rot, slow growth and the like due to overhigh temperature of nutrient solution in summer. The prior art generally adds active substances such as auxin and the like in nutrient solution to achieve the aim of rapid rooting, but the technology not only increases the production cost, but also increases the labor force.
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field is how to provide the nutrient solution which can promote the gynura bicolor to rapidly root in summer and has low cost and low labor intensity.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a novel formula of the gynura bicolor nutrient solution, which can avoid root rot of gynura bicolor in summer and promote the gynura bicolor to root quickly, and compared with the common nutrient solution, the cost is not improved or reduced, and the labor force is not increased.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a nutrient solution for promoting the fast rooting of gynura bicolor contains macroelements and microelements, wherein the macroelements comprise: n, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, wherein N is 119.44-205.66 Mg/L, P19.31.31-31.00 Mg/L, K232.95-398.19 Mg/L.
Preferably, the nutrient solution contains N137.20 mg/L, P24.80.80 mg/L and K257.40mg/L.
Further, the nutrient solution contains Ca80 mg/L, Mg24 mg/L, S64 mg/L.
Furthermore, the nutrient solution also contains trace elements of Fe2.8 mg/L, Mn 0.5.5 mg/L, Cu 0.02.02 mg/L and Zn0.05mg/L, B0.5 mg/L, Mo 0.01.01 mg/L.
Further, in the nutrient solution, the Fe element is derived from one or more of chelated iron, ferrous sulfate and ferric chloride; the Mn element is derived from manganese sulfate; the Cu element is derived from copper sulfate; the Zn element is derived from zinc sulfate; the element B is derived from boric acid or borax; the Mo element is derived from ammonium molybdate.
Further, in the nutrient solution, the N element is derived from one or more of calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate; the P element is derived from one or more of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; the K element is derived from one or more of potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Further, in the nutrient solution, the Ca element is derived from calcium nitrate; the Mg element is derived from magnesium sulfate; the S element is derived from potassium sulfate or magnesium sulfate.
The beneficial effects of the technical method are as follows: compared with the prior art, the invention solves the problems of slow rooting and the like of gynura bicolor root rot in summer by reducing the content of elements such as N, P, K in the nutrient solution without adding auxin, and reduces the production cost. The research of the invention shows that under the condition of low phosphorus, the growth of the main root of the plant is inhibited, the development of the lateral root is induced, the density and the length of the lateral root are obviously increased, the gynura bicolor is a fibrous root system, and the reduction of the phosphorus concentration can promote the development of the root system; in summer, the temperature of the liquid rises, the solution evaporates quickly, the water absorption capacity of the plant root system in the high-concentration nutrient solution is reduced, and the absorption of the root system can be promoted to a certain extent by reducing the element content. Therefore, the invention breaks through the prior technical scheme and redefines the dosage of the three main elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the nutrient solution. Compared with the common Kawasaki chrysanthemum coronarium formula (1978), the formula provided by the invention can obviously reduce the number of rooting days and increase the number of root tips of gynura bicolor.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the nutrient solution for promoting the fast rooting of the gynura bicolor, which comprises the following steps:
1) accurately weighing nitrate required by the nutrient solution, completely dissolving the nitrate with water of which the volume is 1/10-1/5 of the nutrient solution to be prepared to obtain a mixed solution A, putting water of which the total volume is 2/5-3/5 of the nutrient solution into a liquid storage tank in advance, pouring nitrate solution into the liquid storage tank, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution A diluent;
2) accurately weighing other macroelements required by the nutrient solution in the mixed solution A obtained in the step 1), completely dissolving the macroelements in water with the total volume of 1/10-1/5 of the nutrient solution to be prepared to obtain a mixed solution B, then pouring the mixed solution B into the diluted solution of the mixed solution A obtained in the step 1), and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution C;
3) accurately weighing the trace elements required by the nutrient solution, completely dissolving the trace elements in 1/10-1/5 of the total volume of the nutrient solution to be prepared to obtain a trace element solution, then pouring the trace element solution into the mixed solution C obtained in the step 2), uniformly stirring, and then adding water to the volume of the nutrient solution to be prepared to obtain a mixed solution D;
4) uniformly stirring the mixed solution D obtained in the step 3), measuring the pH value of the mixed solution D by using a pH meter, and adding 1-3 mmol/L of pH regulator to regulate the pH value to 6.0-6.8, thus obtaining the nutrient solution for promoting the fast rooting of the gynura bicolor.
Further, in the above production method, the modifier is selected from sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide.
The preparation sequence of the invention can avoid the uneven distribution of nutrient substances in the nutrient solution caused by the formation of precipitates when the concentration of materials is too high, and the using effect is greatly reduced; meanwhile, the nutrient solution can ensure that other chemical reactions can not occur among the components to influence the quality of the nutrient solution.
Compared with the prior art, the nutrient solution for promoting the gynura bicolor to rapidly root has the following advantages that:
(1) according to the absorption characteristics of the gynura bicolor to nutrient elements in summer, the special nutrient solution is scientifically and reasonably prepared, has comprehensive nutrient elements, effective components and simple preparation, is beneficial to the growth and development of the gynura bicolor, can effectively avoid the decay of a root system, promotes the growth of the root system, reduces the rooting days and increases the number of root tips;
(2) the nutrient solution provided by the invention is not added with other auxin substances, and the content of elements such as N, P, K and the like is reduced, so that the cost is not increased but reduced;
drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a single-factor effect equation chart showing the relationship between nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and the root number and root length of gynura bicolor;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing an equation of marginal effect of the relationship between the number of roots and the length of roots of gynura bicolor;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an interaction equation of the root numbers of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and gynura bicolor;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the interaction equation of N, P, K with root length of gynura bicolor;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the time-dependent change of the root number of gynura bicolor treated by different nutrient solutions;
FIG. 6 is a graph of time-varying lines of root length of gynura bicolor treated with different nutrient solutions;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing root growth at 9d for gynura bicolor treated with different nutrient solutions.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The experiment was designed for 10 treatments, and the specific experimental design is detailed in table 1. The concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are shown in the factor code table (Table 2).
TABLE 1 NPK proportioning test design
Figure BDA0002326803250000041
Figure BDA0002326803250000051
TABLE 2 test factor coding
Figure BDA0002326803250000052
TABLE 3 test concentrations of NPK mixture
Figure BDA0002326803250000053
According to the above treatment formula, the gynura bicolor is cultured in nutrient solution, and the pH is adjusted to 6.0. The root growth was observed every day. The average root number and root length in 10 days of water culture are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 influence of different fertilizer treatments on average root count and root length of gynura bicolor
Figure BDA0002326803250000054
Figure BDA0002326803250000061
Establishment of regression model
Taking the coding values of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the table 1 as independent variables and the average root number and the root length of the gynura bicolor in the table as dependent variables, carrying out quadratic polynomial regression analysis to obtain a regression equation between the root number of the gynura bicolor and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers as follows:
Y＝6.123-0.350X1-1.156X2+0.321X3-0.158X1 2+1.939X2 2-0.705X3 2-0.371X1X2-0.229X1X3+0.385X2X3
the regression equation between the root length of gynura bicolor and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is as follows:
Y＝458.683-29.984X1-31.549X2+21.028X3-127.542X1 2+44.572X2 2-38.734X3 2-17.692X1X2+26.680X1X3-10.875X2X3
the Data Processing System (DPS V14.10) Data Processing System is used for checking the equation, the regression relationship of the equation is extremely obvious, each partial regression coefficient reaches an obvious level, the equation can reflect the relationship between the fertilizing amount and the root number and the root length of the gynura bicolor, and the model has a good prediction effect on the root number and the root length of the gynura bicolor.
Factor major effect analysis
Because the regression equation of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to the root number and the root length of the gynura bicolor has been subjected to dimensionless coding substitution, the absolute values of all partial regression coefficients are directly compared, and the importance degree of each factor can be shown. According to the first item of the regression model between the root number and the root length of the gynura bicolor and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, the influence of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer on the root number and the root length is proved to be the largest in terms of phosphate fertilizer, the second in terms of nitrogen fertilizer and the smallest in terms of potassium fertilizer.
Single factor effect analysis
Any two of the three variables in the regression model are fixed at a 0 code value, so that a single-factor effect equation of the relation between nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and the root number of the gynura bicolor can be obtained, wherein the single-factor effect equation comprises the following components:
Y11＝6.123-0.350X1-0.158X1 2；
Y12＝6.123-1.156X2+1.939X2 2；
Y13＝6.123+0.321X3-0.705X3 2；
in the same way, a single-factor effect equation of the relation between nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the root length of gynura bicolor is obtained:
Y21＝458.683-29.984X1-127.542X2 2；
Y22＝458.683-31.549X2+44.572X2 2；
Y23＝458.683+21.028X3-38.734X3 2；
factorial marginal effect analysis
The marginal effect can reflect the influence of the unit horizontal input amount change of each factor on the root number and the root length increasing and decreasing rate of the gynura bicolor. And (4) solving a derivative of each single-factor effect equation to obtain a marginal effect equation of the variable factor.
The marginal effect equations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the root number are respectively as follows:
dy1/dx1＝-0.316X1-0.350
dy1/dx2＝3.878X2-1.156
dy1/dx3＝-1.410X3+0.321
the marginal effect equations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and root length are respectively:
dy2/dx1＝-255.084X1-29.984
dy2/dx2＝89.144X2-31.549
dy2/dx3＝-77.468X3+21.028
analysis of factor interaction effects
The regression model of the root number and the root length of the gynura bicolor determined by the experiment has interactive items of nitrogen, phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and potassium, and large and significant level of partial regression coefficients, which indicates that the interactive effect of the nitrogen, the phosphorus, the nitrogen, the potassium, the phosphorus and the potassium has significant influence on the root number and the root length of the gynura bicolor, namely, under the comprehensive fertilization, the change of the root number and the root length is not simply the linear accumulation of the single effect of each factor, and a cooperation effect, namely, the factor interaction effect also exists. Returning the roots to potassium (X) in the model respectively3) Phosphorus element (X)2) Nitrogen (X)1) Fixing at 0 code value, the interactive response equation can be obtained, which is:
Y1(1，2)＝6.123-0.350X1-1.156X2-0.158X1 2+1.939X2 2-0.371X1X2
Y1(1，3)＝6.123-0.350X1+0.321X3-0.158X1 2-0.705X3 2-0.229X1X3
Y1(2，3)＝6.123-1.156X2+0.321X3+1.939X2 2-0.705X3 2+0.385X2X3
similarly, the root length interactive response equation can be obtained, which is respectively
Y2(1，2)＝458.683-29.984X1-31.549X2-127.542X1 2+44.572X2 2-17.692X1X2
Y2(1，3)＝458.683-29.984X1+21.028X3-127.542X1 2-38.734X3 2+26.680X1X3
Y2(2，3)＝458.683-31.549X2+21.028X3+44.572X2 2-38.734X3 2-10.875X2X3
Obtained by the analysis of an interaction effect equation when X is1Taking-0.4-0.077, X2take-0.612E-0.312，X3When-0.277 to 0.239 is taken, namely the amount of N, P, K in each liter of nutrient solution is 119.44 to 205.66mg, 19.31 to 31mg and 232.95 to 398.19mg respectively, and the root number and the root length of the gynura bicolor are better changed.
Example 2
A nutrient solution formula capable of improving rapid rooting of gynura bicolor in summer comprises the following elements per liter of nutrient solution:
109.2Mg of nitrate nitrogen, 28Mg of ammonium nitrogen, 24.8Mg of P24, 257.4Mg of K257.78 Mg of Ca80Mg, 24Mg of Mg, 64Mg of Fe2.8Mg of Mn0.5Mg of Cu0.02mg of Zn0.05mg of B0.5Mg of Mo0.01mg of the compound.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: 472mgCa (NO) accurately weighed3)2·4H2O、160mgNH4NO3And 384mgKNO3Dissolving the mixture into 150mL of water, firstly adding 500mL of water into a 1L container, slowly pouring the solution into the container, and uniformly stirring;
step two: accurately weigh 109mgKH2PO4，174mgK2SO4And 246mgMgSO4·7H2Dissolving O in 150mL of water, slowly pouring into a container, and uniformly stirring;
step three: accurately weighing 18.25 mgEDTA-NaFe and 2.03mgMnSO4·4H2O、0.08mgCuSO4·5H2O、0.22mgZnSO4·7H2O、0.02mg(NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O、2.82mg H3BO3Dissolving the mixture into 100mL of water, then slowly pouring the mixture into a container, uniformly stirring the mixture, and fixing the volume to 1L.
Step four: the pH was adjusted to 6.0 with 2mmol/L hydrochloric acid.
Comparative example 1:
the formula (1978) of the shanzai chrysanthemum coronarium comprises the following elements per liter of nutrient solution: 168Mg of nitrate nitrogen, 18.6Mg of ammonium nitrogen, P41.2mg, K312Mg, Ca80Mg, Mg48Mg, S64Mg, Fe2.8mg, Mn0.5mg, Cu0.02mg, Zn0.05mg, B0.5mg and Mo0.01mg.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: 472mgCa (NO) accurately weighed3)2·4H2O、809mgKNO3Dissolving the mixture into 150mL of water, firstly adding 500mL of water into a 1L container, slowly pouring the solution into the container, and uniformly stirring;
step two: 153mgKH was accurately weighed2PO4And 493mgMgSO4·7H2Dissolving O in 100mL of water, slowly pouring into a container, and uniformly stirring;
step three: accurately weighing 18.25 mgEDTA-NaFe and 2.03mgMnSO4·4H2O、0.08mg CuSO4·5H2O、0.22mgZnSO4·7H2O、0.02mg(NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O and 2.82mgH3BO3Dissolving the mixture into 100mL of water, then slowly pouring the mixture into a container, uniformly stirring the mixture, and finally fixing the volume to 1L.
Step four: adjusting pH to 6.0 with 2mmol/L hydrochloric acid to obtain the final product.
Comparative example 2:
and (3) carrying out gynura bicolor water culture by taking tap water culture as a control and adjusting the pH value to 6.0 by using 2mmol/L hydrochloric acid, and observing the rooting condition every day after water culture.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6: the root tip number and the root length of the nutrient solution prepared by the invention are optimal, and the root tip number and the root length of the nutrient solution are higher than those of the Kawasaki formula in the tap water culture;
as can be seen from FIG. 7, at 9d, the gynura bicolor stems hydroponically cultured by tap water are rotted, while the rotting phenomenon does not occur in the two treatments of nutrient solution hydroponics, and the root length and the root tip number of the nutrient solution formula of the invention are obviously better than those of the Kawasaki chrysanthemum coronarium formula (1978).
In conclusion, the nutrient solution prepared by the invention can obviously improve the root rot phenomenon of water culture in summer, promote the growth and development of the root system and accelerate the rooting of the gynura bicolor.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (8)

1. The nutrient solution for promoting the fast rooting of the gynura bicolor is characterized by comprising macroelements and microelements, wherein the macroelements comprise: n, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, wherein N is 119.44-205.66 Mg/L, P19.31.31-31.00 Mg/L, K232.95-398.19 Mg/L.
2. The nutrient solution for promoting the rapid rooting of gynura bicolor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nutrient solution contains 80mg/L, Mg24 mg/L, S64 mg/L of Ca.
3. The nutrient solution for promoting gynura bicolor to rapidly take root according to claim 2, characterized in that the nutrient solution also contains trace elements of Fe2.8 mg/L, Mn0.5 mg/L, Cu 0.02.02 mg/L, Zn0.05mg/L, B0.5.5 mg/L and Mo0.01mg/L.
4. The nutrient solution for promoting the rapid rooting of gynura bicolor according to claim 3, wherein the Fe element is derived from one or more of chelated iron, ferrous sulfate and ferric chloride; the Mn element is derived from manganese sulfate; the Cu element is derived from copper sulfate; the Zn element is derived from zinc sulfate; the element B is derived from boric acid or borax; the Mo element is derived from ammonium molybdate.
5. The nutrient solution for promoting the rapid rooting of gynura bicolor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the N element is derived from one or more of calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate; the P element is derived from one or more of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; the K element is derived from one or more of potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
6. The nutrient solution for promoting the rapid rooting of gynura bicolor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the Ca element is derived from calcium nitrate; the Mg element is derived from magnesium sulfate; the S element is derived from potassium sulfate or magnesium sulfate.
7. The preparation method of the nutrient solution for promoting the rapid rooting of the gynura bicolor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which comprises the following steps:
1) accurately weighing nitrate required by the nutrient solution, completely dissolving the nitrate with water of which the volume is 1/10-1/5 of the nutrient solution to be prepared to obtain a mixed solution A, putting water of which the total volume is 2/5-3/5 of the nutrient solution into a liquid storage tank in advance, pouring nitrate solution into the liquid storage tank, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution A diluent;
2) accurately weighing other macroelements required by the nutrient solution in the mixed solution A obtained in the step 1), completely dissolving the macroelements in water with the total volume of 1/10-1/5 of the nutrient solution to be prepared to obtain a mixed solution B, then pouring the mixed solution B into the diluted solution of the mixed solution A obtained in the step 1), and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution C;
3) accurately weighing the trace elements required by the nutrient solution, completely dissolving the trace elements in 1/10-1/5 of the total volume of the nutrient solution to be prepared to obtain a trace element solution, then pouring the trace element solution into the mixed solution C obtained in the step 2), uniformly stirring, and then adding water to the volume of the nutrient solution to be prepared to obtain a mixed solution D;
4) uniformly stirring the mixed solution D obtained in the step 3), measuring the pH value of the mixed solution D by using a pH meter, and adding 1-3 mmol/L of pH regulator to regulate the pH value to 6.0-6.8, thus obtaining the nutrient solution for promoting the fast rooting of the gynura bicolor.
8. The method for preparing the nutrient solution for promoting the rapid rooting of the gynura bicolor according to claim 7, wherein the regulator is selected from sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
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