CN110915764B - Method for controlling Chinese bee queen isolation mating through gauze greenhouse - Google Patents
Method for controlling Chinese bee queen isolation mating through gauze greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000000832 Ayote Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000009804 Cucurbita pepo subsp pepo Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 210000001520 comb Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000015136 pumpkin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000256844 Apis mellifera Species 0.000 description 52
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 description 17
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009341 apiculture Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003101 oviduct Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003899 penis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling the isolation and mating of Chinese bee queens through a gauze greenhouse, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps: s1 selection and manufacture of the isolation greenhouse: planting honey powder source plants such as rape, pumpkin and the like in the greenhouse through a gauze around the greenhouse; s2 breeding male bees outside the greenhouse: selecting strong groups of more than 5-foot frame bees, adding male bee combs, controlling male parent queens to lay male bee eggs by a queen laying controller, moving the queen bees into greenhouses after the male bees are covered, and before the queen bees are discharged from the greenhouses, placing at least 4 groups of male bee groups in each greenhouse, wherein each group has one male honeycomb, namely more than 1 million male bees; preparation of the queen bee of S3: when the drone swarm in the greenhouse begins to emerge from the greenhouse through feather, artificial queen breeding is started; s4 preparing copulated bee colony with 1-foot frame, placing the copulated bee colony in the greenhouse to introduce mature queen cells when queen cells in the queen cells are about to come out of the hive; s5 after the queen bee comes out of the room for 3 days, the queen bee is continuously observed to lay eggs until the spleen is covered. The method for controlling the Chinese bee queen isolated mating through the gauze greenhouse can stably control the source of the male bees, can effectively control the breeding male parents and perform genetic improvement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bee keeping, in particular to a method for controlling the isolation and mating of Chinese bee queens through a gauze greenhouse.
Background
In the bee breeding work, traditionally, one or more excellent queens are selected once a year or two years and used as queens to cultivate the next substitute queen, and the queens of the next generation bred by the queens naturally cross with the males gathered in the bee colony in the area. Sometimes this breeding method can improve the general characteristics of bee species, however, there are few significant genetic improvements. This is due to the inability to effectively control the genetic composition of the male bees mating with the queen bee. Although some queen bees are superior in trait expression, this is mainly a role played by heterosis and cannot be stably inherited. In modern bee breeding work, with the development of artificial insemination technology, people can control the mating of queen bees, so that the desire which cannot be realized under the condition of natural mating is realized by applying the artificial insemination technology.
However, the artificial insemination technique of bees is a very technical work and is not a skilled technique all the time. In addition, the local bee species of China, namely the Chinese bee, has the characteristics that the male bee is small in size, sensitive in sexual conditions and low in precision, and semen collection is difficult, so that the success rate is extremely low if an artificial insemination mode is adopted, and even if the artificial insemination is successful, the Chinese bee queen also has the characteristic of being married again, so that the queen after the artificial insemination flies out or bee colonies fly away along with the queen.
Therefore, the method designs a method for controlling the isolation and mating of the queen bees of the Chinese bees by the gauze greenhouse to supplement some defects of the artificial insemination technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for controlling the isolation and mating of queen bees in a Chinese bee by a gauze greenhouse, aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art.
The invention firstly provides a method for controlling the isolation and mating of Chinese bee queens through a gauze greenhouse, which comprises the following steps:
s1 selection and manufacture of the isolation greenhouse: the length and width of the greenhouse are more than 30m, the height of the greenhouse is more than 10m, the gauze net is arranged around the greenhouse, and honey powder source plants such as rape, pumpkin and the like are planted in the greenhouse;
and S2 breeding the male bees outside the greenhouse. Selecting strong groups of more than 5-foot frame bees, adding male bee combs, controlling male parent queens to lay male bee eggs by a queen laying controller, moving the queen bees into greenhouses after the male bees are covered, and before the queen bees are discharged from the greenhouses, placing at least 4 groups of male bee groups in each greenhouse, wherein each group has one male honeycomb, namely more than 1 million male bees;
s3 queen bee cultivation outside the greenhouse: when the male bee colony in the greenhouse begins to leave the greenhouse, artificial queen bee breeding is started, a parent colony and a feeding colony with good production characters are selected, and the queen bee is bred by transferring insects according to a conventional artificial queen bee breeding method;
s4 preparation and placement of the final flock: 10 mating groups with the bee quantity of 1 spleen and foot frame are selected on the 10 th day after the breeding of the insects and are placed in the greenhouse, and the 10 mating groups are introduced with a mature queen cell cultured in the previous step (S3) on the 11 th day;
s5 after the queen bee platform leaves the room for 3 days, the queen bee mating situation at the inspection position is checked regularly every day, whether the mating is carried with the marker and returns to the nest is recorded, and the queen bee is continuously observed to lay eggs until the spleen is sealed.
The invention also provides the following preferred scheme:
preferably, the greenhouse is more than 30m long, more than 30m wide and more than 10m high.
Preferably, the gauze is a 60-mesh nylon wire mesh. The gauze is a 60-mesh nylon wire mesh, so that the defect that worker bees, drone or queen bees bump against the film is overcome.
Preferably, in step S2, the 4 drone colonies are placed at 4 corners with the hive entrance facing inward, or the middle hive entrance facing outward.
Preferably, in step S4, the said joining group determines its position according to the position of the drone swarm, if the drone swarm is placed at 4 corners, it is placed at the middle with the entrance facing outwards, and if the drone swarm is placed at or with the middle entrance facing outwards, it is placed at 4 corners with the entrance facing inwards.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method for controlling the isolated mating of the queen bees of the Chinese bees by the gauze greenhouse can stably control the source of the male bees, can effectively control the breeding male parents, performs genetic improvement, and has stable properties of the offspring bees.
2. The method for controlling the isolation and the copulation of the queen bees in the medium bee by the gauze greenhouse can make up the characteristic that the queen bees lose queen bees due to the re-marriage of the queen bees after the insemination of the artificial insemination instrument.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view of a greenhouse interior according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of the daughter spleen of a queen bee in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The artificial insemination technique for bees was successful in 1927, and the research developed in China started in 1959, and is now mature in Italian bees, and the operation process of the technique is as follows.
1. Preparation of the device and physiological fluid: the device comprises an artificial insemination instrument combination, a biological entity microscope, a carbon dioxide bottle, a rubber tube, a gas washing bottle, a micrometer, a blood cell counting plate, a drone flying cage, a conventional biochemical experimental instrument device and the like; the physiological solution comprises base auxiliary physiological solution, sodium chloride physiological solution and sodium chloride physiological solution.
2. Semen collection: firstly, selecting mature drone, catching two sides of chest and abdomen from abdomen with left thumb and forefinger, pressing abdomen backboard of drone with right thumb, applying pressure to tail end of abdomen, forcing penis to turn outwards and ejaculate, and collecting semen directly by drone with injector under microscope.
3. Insemination: firstly, selectively maturing virgin queen is anesthetized, then a back and abdomen hook is moved to open a stinging needle cavity under a microscope, finally, the angle between the queen and a needle head is adjusted, physiological fluid and air bubbles in the needle head tip are removed, the needle tip is close to the vaginal orifice, a valve lobe is pressed by a probe, the needle tip is slowly pushed into the vagina until the middle oviduct is reached, the probe is taken out, and semen is slowly injected.
As an insect, the artificial insemination technology for bees is difficult to master, and a practitioner needs to practice for a long time to succeed; the artificial insemination needs to collect the semen of the drone and has higher technical requirement. In addition, if the mode of artificial insemination is adopted in local bee species of China, namely the Chinese bees, the success rate is low, and even if the artificial insemination is successful, the Chinese bee queens have the characteristic of being married again, so that the queens after the artificial insemination fly lost outside or bee colonies fly away along with each other.
Therefore, the invention provides a method for controlling the isolation and mating of the queen bees in the Chinese bees by a gauze greenhouse, which comprises the following steps:
s1 selection and manufacture of the isolation greenhouse: the length and width of the greenhouse are both required to be more than 30m and more than 10m, the gauze is arranged around the greenhouse, and honey powder source plants such as rape and pumpkin are planted in the greenhouse;
and S2 breeding the male bees outside the greenhouse. Selecting strong groups of more than 5-foot frame bees, adding male bee combs, controlling the male parent queens to lay male bee eggs by a queen laying controller, moving the queen bees into greenhouses after the male bees are covered, and before the queen bees are discharged, placing at least 4 groups of male bee groups in each greenhouse, wherein each group has one male bee comb, namely, more than 1 million male bees are ensured in the whole greenhouse;
s3 queen bee cultivation outside the greenhouse: when the male bee colony in the greenhouse begins to leave the greenhouse, artificial queen bee breeding is started, a parent colony and a feeding colony with good production characters are selected, and the queen bee is bred by transferring insects according to a conventional artificial queen bee breeding method;
s4 preparation and placement of the final flock: 10 mating groups with the bee quantity of 1 spleen and foot frame are selected on the 10 th day after the breeding of the insects and are placed in the greenhouse, and the 10 mating groups are introduced with a mature queen cell cultured in the previous step (S3) on the 11 th day;
s5 after the queen bee platform leaves the room for 3 days, the queen bee mating situation at the inspection position is checked regularly every day, whether the mating is carried with the marker and returns to the nest is recorded, and the queen bee is continuously observed to lay eggs until the spleen is sealed.
In order to increase the coverage area of the greenhouse, the length of the greenhouse is more than 30m, the width of the greenhouse is more than 30m, and the height of the greenhouse is more than 10 m.
In order to prevent worker bees, drone and queen bees from colliding with the greenhouse and being injured and to ensure that the greenhouse keeps basically consistent with the outside temperature and humidity, the gauze is a 60-mesh nylon gauze.
In order to uniformly disperse the drone swarm in the greenhouse, in the step S2, the 4 drone swarm are placed at 4 corners with the hive entrance facing inward, or the middle hive entrance facing outward.
In order to set the rendezvous and the drone swarm to correspond to each other, in step S4, the location of the rendezvous and the drone swarm is determined according to the location of the drone swarm, if the drone swarm is placed at 4 corners, the drone is placed at the middle with the entrance facing outward, and if the drone swarm is placed or the middle entrance facing outward, the drone is placed at 4 corners with the entrance facing inward.
Example one
S1 selecting or manufacturing the isolation greenhouse. The rape seed production greenhouse is 30m long, 8m wide and 3m high, and the gauze around the greenhouse is a 60-mesh nylon gauze.
And S2 breeding the male bees outside the greenhouse. The breeding method comprises the steps of selecting a strong swarm of 4 swarm of 5-foot framed bees, adding a drone honeycomb, controlling a male parent queen to lay male bee eggs by a queen laying controller, moving the queen bee into a greenhouse before the queen bee exits after being covered, managing the queen bee swarm after entering the greenhouse according to a normal swarm management technology, feeding 500g of sugar water at intervals of 1 day, and feeding 100g of pollen at intervals of 2 days.
S3 when the drone swarm in the greenhouse begins to leave the greenhouse, artificial queen breeding is started, 10 copulation groups with 1 spleen and foot frames are placed in the greenhouse on the 10 th day, and a mature queen bee platform is introduced to the 10 copulation groups on the 11 th day. After entering the greenhouse, the mating groups are fed with 100g of sugar water every 1 day.
S4 after the queen bee platform leaves the room for 3 days, the queen bee mating situation at the inspection position is regularly checked at 6 o' clock every day afternoon, whether the mating has the marker and returns to the nest is recorded, and the queen bee is continuously observed to lay eggs to the spleen and is sealed.
Effects of the implementation
In 2019, a screen greenhouse control mating test is carried out in a rape seed production greenhouse (the length is 30m, the width is 8m, the height is 3m, and the figure is 1) from 3 months to 4 months, and the results are as follows: 4 male swarms are placed in the rape seed production greenhouse: the drone quantity is about 1 ten thousand, and 1 crowd is respectively put to big-arch shelter front end and end, and 2 crowds and 10 crowds of mating groups are placed to the centre: 2 groups are respectively placed at the front end and the tail end of the greenhouse, and 6 groups are placed in the middle of the greenhouse until the mating is successful. Fig. 2 is a diagram of a group of successfully mating daughter spleens, wherein the queen in the group is exported in 2019 in 3 and 16 days, the queen in 4 and 1 days spawns, the number of spawns of the queen is normal in subsequent observation, and the worker bees are exported normally.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for controlling Chinese bee queen isolation mating through a gauze greenhouse is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1 selection and manufacture of the isolation greenhouse: the length of the greenhouse is more than 30m, the width of the greenhouse is more than 30m, the height of the greenhouse is more than 10m, the gauze net is arranged around the greenhouse, and honey powder source plants are planted in the greenhouse; the gauze is a 60-mesh nylon wire mesh;
s2 breeding male bees outside the greenhouse: selecting strong groups of more than 5-foot frame bees, adding male bee combs, controlling the male parent bees to lay male bee eggs by using a queen-laying controller, moving the queen bees into greenhouses after the male bees are covered, and before the queen bees are discharged from the greenhouses, placing at least 4 groups of male bee groups in each greenhouse, wherein each group is provided with one male bee comb, namely, more than 1 million male bees are ensured in the whole greenhouse;
s3 queen bee cultivation outside the greenhouse: when the male bee colony in the greenhouse begins to leave the greenhouse, artificial queen bee breeding is started, a parent colony and a feeding colony with good production characters are selected, and the queen bee is bred by transferring insects according to a conventional artificial queen bee breeding method;
s4 preparation and placement of the final flock: 10 mating groups with the bee quantity of 1 spleen and foot frame are selected on the 10 th day after the breeding of the insects and are placed in the greenhouse, and a mature queen cell cultivated in the step S3 is introduced to the 10 mating groups respectively on the 11 th day;
s5 after the queen bee platform leaves the room for 3 days, regularly checking the mating condition of the queen bee in the department every day, recording whether the mating is marked or not and returning to the nest, and continuously observing that the queen bee spawns everywhere until the spleen is sealed;
in the step of S2, when the 4 drone colonies are placed at 4 corners, the hive entrance is inward; when the male bee colony is placed in the middle, the hive entrance faces outwards;
in step S4, the position of the rendezvous group is determined according to the position of the drone;
the male bee colony is placed at 4 corners, the mating colony is placed in the middle, and the opening of the bee nest is outward; the male bee colony is placed in the middle, the hive entrance faces outwards, and the male bee colony is placed at 4 corners respectively, and the hive entrance faces inwards.
2. The method of claim 1 for controlling queen bee queen isolation mating through a gauze greenhouse, wherein: the honey powder source plant is at least one of rape, pumpkin and sweet potato.
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| CN114342885B (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-11-22 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Breeding method of male bees for bee breeding |
| CN114885903B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-06-27 | 四川农业大学 | Method for cultivating queen bee, worker bee and drone |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10108588A (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 1998-04-28 | Api Kk | Box body housing beehive |
| CN106508816A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-22 | 贵港市桂东南中蜂养殖专业合作社 | Artificial breeding method for queen Chinese honeybees |
| CN108782463A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-11-13 | 田林县真品农牧种养专业合作社 | A kind of breeding method of queen bee |
| CN110495427A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-11-26 | 广南顺蜂农业开发有限公司 | A kind of method of multiclass wasp science stable breeding |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CZ304594B6 (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2014-07-23 | Roman Linhart | Method of thermal treatment of bee colonies and device for making the same |
| CN206302992U (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-07-07 | 吴宪安 | A kind of new middle honeybee beehive |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10108588A (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 1998-04-28 | Api Kk | Box body housing beehive |
| CN106508816A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-22 | 贵港市桂东南中蜂养殖专业合作社 | Artificial breeding method for queen Chinese honeybees |
| CN108782463A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-11-13 | 田林县真品农牧种养专业合作社 | A kind of breeding method of queen bee |
| CN110495427A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-11-26 | 广南顺蜂农业开发有限公司 | A kind of method of multiclass wasp science stable breeding |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 隔离交尾与人工授精;李志勇;《蜜蜂杂志》;20050228(第2期);第23页 * |
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