CN110915337A

CN110915337A - Multifunctional combined saline-alkali soil improving machine

Info

Publication number: CN110915337A
Application number: CN201911298318.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王智华; 徐德芳
Original assignee: Dongying Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Dongying Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2019-12-17
Filing date: 2019-12-17
Publication date: 2020-03-27

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional combined saline-alkali soil improving machine which comprises a main body frame connected with power equipment through a traction rack, wherein a rotary cultivator, a film covering device, a hole puncher and a deep ploughing device are sequentially arranged on the main body frame from front to back; the rotary cultivator comprises a rotary cultivation shaft and a rotary cultivation blade, the rotary cultivation blade comprises a cutter handle and a blade, and the blade is in a pan shovel shape with a flat bottom surface, an arc-shaped top end and an upturned side edge; the film covering device comprises a mulching film supporting rod; the puncher comprises a film pressing punching rod, and the film pressing punching rod is provided with a punching needle; the deep ploughing device comprises a deep ploughing cutter, and the deep ploughing cutter comprises a cutter handle and a sharp cutter. The invention adopts the combination of film covering and punching, thus solving the problem of salt return of the capillary; deep ploughing by adopting a deep ploughing device to break a clay layer and accelerate drainage and desalination; the saline-alkali soil improvement and treatment cost is obviously reduced; the multifunctional rotary tillage machine integrates multiple functions of rotary tillage soil loosening, film covering and salt separation, punching and drainage, film covering, deep tillage, adhesion breaking, ridge supporting and the like.

Description

Multifunctional combined saline-alkali soil improving machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multifunctional combined saline-alkali soil improving machine.

Background

Most of the traditional saline-alkali soil improvement methods are learning and reference underground infiltration pipe improvement technologies of the Netherlands. The improved technology of the Dutch underground infiltration pipe is only suitable for the countries with rainfall larger than evaporation capacity; the actual condition of the wide area in China is that the evaporation capacity is larger than the rainfall capacity, so the technology is not suitable for the treatment work of the saline-alkali soil in China, the treatment effect is poor, the treatment efficiency is low, the machinery is complex, the price is high, and the treatment cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the multifunctional combined saline-alkali soil improving machine which has the advantages of good treatment effect, high treatment efficiency and low treatment cost.

The technical scheme is as follows: comprises power equipment and a combined agricultural implement driven by the power equipment; the combined agricultural implement comprises a main body frame connected with power equipment through a traction frame, and a rotary cultivator, a film covering device, a hole puncher and a deep ploughing device are sequentially arranged on the main body frame from front to back; the rotary cultivator comprises a rotary tillage shaft and a rotary blade arranged on the rotary tillage shaft through an installation cylinder, the rotary blade comprises a cutter handle and a blade connected with the cutter handle into a whole, the cutter handle extends into the installation cylinder and can adjust the depth of the cutter handle into the cylinder through arranging a plurality of transversely through bolts, and the blade is in a pan shovel shape with a flat bottom surface, an arc top end and an upturned side edge; the mulching film applicator comprises a mulching film supporting rod, two ends of the mulching film supporting rod are detachably connected with the main body frame, and a hollow paper shaft for bundling mulching films is sleeved on the periphery of the mulching film supporting rod; the puncher comprises a film pressing punching rod with film pressing wheels at two ends, and two rows of punching needles are symmetrically arranged on the film pressing punching rod in the axial direction; the deep ploughing device comprises deep ploughing cutters symmetrically arranged at two ends of a main body frame, each deep ploughing cutter comprises a cutter handle and a sharp cutter, a plurality of bolt holes are longitudinally formed in the cutter handle to adjust the installation position of the cutter handle on the main body frame, and the sharp cutter is gradually inclined forwards from top to bottom.

The technical scheme is further optimized as follows:

the power equipment adopts a tractor.

The distance between two adjacent punching needles on the film pressing punching rod is set to be 1-2 cm.

The diameter of the base of the punching needle is 0.5-1 mm.

The length of the sharp knife is 60-80 cm.

The sharp knife is made of stainless steel.

Compared with the prior art, the invention mainly has the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the combination of film covering and hole punching is adopted to separate the saline soil layer on the film and the salt soil layer under the film, and the capillary tube of the soil is cut off, so that the saline water can not rise and can only move downwards along the pinhole, the problem of salt return of the capillary tube is solved, the soil is desalted fundamentally, the desalting amount is 8 times of that of the salt discharge of an underground infiltration pipe, and the improvement and treatment effect of the saline-alkali soil is very obvious.

2. The adoption of the deep ploughing device can break the clay layer, is beneficial to accelerating the drainage and desalination, generally has a speed 2-3 years higher than that of the traditional saline-alkali soil improvement, obviously improves the saline-alkali soil improvement and treatment efficiency, and correspondingly increases the economic benefit of 2000-4000 Yuan.

3. Compared with the currently popularized method for improving the saline-alkali soil by underground infiltration pipe salt elimination, the method provided by the invention has the advantage that the cost for improving and treating the saline-alkali soil is obviously reduced. In terms of power costs, the former is only one tenth of the latter; the former is only one twentieth to one thirty times the latter in terms of total cost.

4. The invention adopts a reasonable combined structure, integrates multiple functions of rotary tillage soil loosening, film covering and salt separation, punching and drainage, film covering, deep tillage and adhesion breaking, ridge supporting and the like, and creates the saline-alkali soil improving machine suitable for the national conditions of China.

5. The rotary tillage and deep tillage depth is adjustable, and the adaptability is strong.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the deep-ploughing blade of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-a traction frame, 2-a blade, 3-a knife handle, 4-a bolt, 5-a rotary tillage shaft, 6-a film pressing wheel, 7-a deep ploughing knife, 8-a main body frame, 9-a mounting cylinder, 10-a hollow paper shaft, 11-a mulching film supporting rod, 12-a punching needle, 13-a film pressing punching rod, 14-a knife handle, 15-a sharp knife and 16-a bolt hole.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings.

Example 1

See fig. 1 and 2. A multifunctional combined saline-alkali soil improving machine comprises power equipment and a combined agricultural machine driven by the power equipment. The combined agricultural implement comprises a main body frame 8 connected with power equipment through a traction frame 1, and a rotary cultivator, a film covering device, a hole puncher and a deep ploughing device are sequentially arranged on the main body frame 8 from front to back. The rotary cultivator comprises a rotary tillage shaft 5 and a rotary blade arranged on the rotary tillage shaft 5 through an installation cylinder 9, the rotary blade comprises a handle 3 and a blade 2 connected with the handle as a whole, the handle 3 extends into the installation cylinder 9 and can be adjusted into a cylinder depth through a plurality of transversely-communicated bolts 4, and the blade 2 is designed into a pan shovel shape with a flat bottom surface, an arc top end and an upturned side edge. The film covering device comprises a mulching film supporting rod 11, two ends of the mulching film supporting rod 11 are detachably connected with the main body frame 8, and a hollow paper shaft 10 for bundling mulching films is sleeved on the periphery of the mulching film supporting rod 11. The puncher comprises a film pressing punching rod 13 with film pressing wheels 6 at two ends, and two rows of punching needles 12 are symmetrically arranged on the film pressing punching rod 13 in the axial direction. The deep ploughing device comprises deep ploughing blades 7 symmetrically arranged at two ends of a main body frame, each deep ploughing blade 7 comprises a blade handle 14 and a sharp knife 15, a plurality of bolt holes 16 are longitudinally formed in the blade handle 14 to adjust the installation position of the blade handle 14 on the main body frame 8, and the sharp knife 15 inclines forwards from top to bottom gradually.

Example 2

The power equipment adopts a tractor.

Example 3

The power equipment adopts a tractor. The distance between two adjacent punching needles 12 on the film pressing punching rod 13 is set to be 1-2 cm.

Example 4

The power equipment adopts a tractor. The distance between two adjacent punching needles 12 on the film pressing punching rod 13 is set to be 1-2 cm; the diameter of the base of the punching needle 12 is 0.5-1 mm.

Example 5

The power equipment adopts a tractor. The distance between two adjacent punching needles 12 on the film pressing punching rod 13 is set to be 1-2 cm; the diameter of the base of the punching needle 12 is 0.5-1 mm. The length of the sharp knife 15 is 60-80 cm.

Example 6

The power equipment adopts a tractor. The distance between two adjacent punching needles 12 on the film pressing punching rod 13 is set to be 1-2 cm; the diameter of the base of the punching needle 12 is 0.5-1 mm. The length of the sharp knife 15 is 60-80 cm; the sharp knife 15 is made of stainless steel.

The basic working principle of the invention is as follows:

the basic basis of the invention is: the rainfall in China is less than the evaporation capacity, the salt content of the saline-alkali soil is in an operation rule of continuously rising to the ground surface, and the saline-alkali soil in China can be radically treated only by blocking the continuously rising accumulation of the salt content. The invention punches rows of micropores on the mulching film through the design of the perforating needle 12, the micropores move the dissolved water of the saline soil on the film to the film under the film on the basis of covering the film to separate salt, and the dissolved water of the saline soil under the film cannot move to the film, thereby the saline soil on the film is quickly desalted. Because the rotary tillage cutter adopts the slice-shaped blade 2, the turned soil can be smoothly thrown backwards in the rotary tillage process and falls into the perforated mulching film. The deep ploughing knife 7 is designed to thoroughly break the clay layer and flow the brine deep into the soil, so as to achieve the effect of accelerating desalination. Therefore, the upper saline soil and the lower saline soil are desalted to the maximum extent, and the high efficiency of saline-alkali soil treatment is realized.

Claims

1. Many function combination formula saline and alkaline land improves machine, including power equipment and by the power equipment pull and the combination formula agricultural implement that drives, its characterized in that: the combined agricultural implement comprises a main body frame connected with power equipment through a traction frame, and a rotary cultivator, a film covering device, a hole puncher and a deep ploughing device are sequentially arranged on the main body frame from front to back; the rotary cultivator comprises a rotary tillage shaft and a rotary blade arranged on the rotary tillage shaft through an installation cylinder, the rotary blade comprises a cutter handle and a blade connected with the cutter handle into a whole, the cutter handle extends into the installation cylinder and can adjust the depth of the cutter handle into the cylinder through arranging a plurality of transversely through bolts, and the blade is in a pan shovel shape with a flat bottom surface, an arc top end and an upturned side edge; the mulching film applicator comprises a mulching film supporting rod, two ends of the mulching film supporting rod are detachably connected with the main body frame, and a hollow paper shaft for bundling mulching films is sleeved on the periphery of the mulching film supporting rod; the puncher comprises a film pressing punching rod with film pressing wheels at two ends, and two rows of punching needles are symmetrically arranged on the film pressing punching rod in the axial direction; the deep ploughing device comprises deep ploughing cutters symmetrically arranged at two ends of a main body frame, each deep ploughing cutter comprises a cutter handle and a sharp cutter, a plurality of bolt holes are longitudinally formed in the cutter handle to adjust the installation position of the cutter handle on the main body frame, and the sharp cutter is gradually inclined forwards from top to bottom.

2. The multifunctional combined saline-alkali soil improving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power equipment adopts a tractor.

3. The multifunctional combined saline-alkali soil improving machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the distance between two adjacent punching needles on the film pressing punching rod is set to be 1-2 cm.

4. The multifunctional combined saline-alkali soil improving machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the diameter of the base of the punching needle is 0.5-1 mm.

5. The multifunctional combined saline-alkali soil improving machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: the length of the sharp knife is 60-80 cm.

6. The multifunctional combined saline-alkali soil improving machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: the sharp knife is made of stainless steel.