CN110904108A - 微小rna及其在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用 - Google Patents
微小rna及其在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110904108A CN110904108A CN201911293658.5A CN201911293658A CN110904108A CN 110904108 A CN110904108 A CN 110904108A CN 201911293658 A CN201911293658 A CN 201911293658A CN 110904108 A CN110904108 A CN 110904108A
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Abstract
本发明涉及生物技术领域,特别涉及RNA或其应用。本发明提供的RNA分子长度为22个碱基;其5’端第1位~第6位碱基序列为“UGGCAG”,或者第17位~第22位碱基为“UGCCCU”;采用该RNA分子能够显著抑制肿瘤细胞生长和/或增殖,从而起到抗肿瘤的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术领域,特别涉及微小RNA及其在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
背景技术
恶性肿瘤严重威胁人类健康和生命,已经成为我国城乡居民的首要死因。其中,发病率和死亡率最高的是肺癌,其次是肝癌、结直肠癌、胃癌。相关统计学资料显示,2015年全国新发恶性肿瘤392.9万例,发病率为285.83/10万;由于肿瘤疾病造成的死亡病例达到233.8万例,死亡率为170.05/10万。根据国际癌症研究署预测,如果不采取有效措施,到2020年我国癌症发病例数将达到400万,死亡人数将达到300万,肿瘤的发生对人们的生活质量和生存质量均构成了严重威胁,给患者家庭和社会造成了沉重的负担。目前治疗恶性肿瘤的主要方法有手术切除、药物化疗、放射治疗等,而由于大多数恶性肿瘤患者在发现肿瘤时已有转移,故药物化疗是必不可少的治疗方式之一。
微小RNA(microRNA)是近年来发现于真核细胞中的一类长约22个核苷酸的内源性非编码小分子RNA,其5′-端第2-9个碱基(seed region)可通过与靶基因的3′-UTR结合,在翻译水平抑制蛋白合成,从而在基因表达中发挥重要的调节作用。迄今为止,人类基因组中已明确的微小RNA约有2588个(miRBase),调控着至少30%基因的表达,而每一个微小RNA可能参与调控100~200个靶基因的翻译。微小RNA由于其广泛的调控作用参与了细胞的生长、分化、增殖和凋亡等生命过程,影响着几乎所有的信号通路,并参与各种生理病理过程,特别在肿瘤的发生和发展中发挥了极为重要的作用。
大量研究结果显示微小RNA在肿瘤中呈现异常表达,其中有的微小RNA表达升高而有的降低,分别通过抑制抑癌基因表达或上调癌基因表达,发挥着促癌或抑癌的作用。2002年,Clain等发现两个微小RNA基因miR-15和miR-16在慢性淋巴细胞白血病患者中常发生缺失,首次揭示了微小RNA与肿瘤的密切关系。之后,越来越多的微小RNA被发现在肿瘤中异常表达,如低表达的miR-34a、miR-143、miR-145和高表达的miR-21、miR-27a、miR-155等。业已证实,通过在肿瘤细胞中转入低表达微小RNA的模拟物(mimic和agomir等),或者转入高表达微小RNA的抑制剂(inhibitor和antagomir等),可以有效抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、侵袭和转移,从而发挥抗肿瘤效果。
在肿瘤治疗领域,进展最快的微小RNA药物是miR-34a mimic的两性霉素脂质体制剂MRX34。由于miR-34a在细胞和动物水平均显示出了很好的抗肿瘤活性和安全性,美国Mirna Therapeutic公司于2013年推动了一项多中心的I期临床试验,用于治疗原发性肝癌、小细胞肺癌、淋巴瘤、黑色素瘤、多发性骨髓瘤或肾细胞癌患者,也成为第一个进入临床试验的微小RNA药物。随后,RG-101(N-乙酰-D-氨基半乳糖修饰的抗miR-122核酸片段)、RG-012(miR-21抑制剂)、RG-125/AZD4076(N-乙酰半乳糖胺修饰的miR-103/107抑制分子)、MRG-201(miR-29mimic)和MRG-106(antimiR-155锁核苷酸)等微小RNA药物相继进入临床试验,并显示出较好的疗效和安全性,已成为抗肿瘤药物研究的热点。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明要解决的技术问题在于提供微小RNA及其在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。本发明提供的微小RNA抗肿瘤效果良好。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
本发明提供了RNA,包括活性链RNA和其互补链RNA;
所述活性链RNA具有如下所示的核苷酸序列中的任意一项:
I、包括22个碱基;其5’端第1位~第6位碱基序列为“UGGCAG”或第17位~第22位碱基为“UGCCCU”;或
II、具有如I所示的核苷酸序列经修饰、取代、缺失或添加一个或多个碱基获得的核苷酸序列;或
III、具有如I所示的核苷酸序列经修饰一个或多个核糖获得的核苷酸序列;或
IV、与如I所示的核苷酸序列具有至少80%同源性的序列;
所述互补为完全互补或部分互补。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中,如I所示的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No.1~23所示;所述其互补链RNA的序列如SEQ ID No.24~46所示。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中,所述修饰的碱基个数为1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21或22个。
本发明还提供了转染所述RNA的宿主细胞。
在上述研究的基础上,本发明还提供了所述RNA或如权利要求4所述的宿主细胞在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中,所述肿瘤为星形细胞瘤、间变性大细胞淋巴瘤、急性淋巴细胞白血病、急性骨髓性白血病、血管肉瘤、乳腺癌、B细胞淋巴瘤、膀胱癌、子宫颈癌、头颈癌、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病、慢性骨髓性白血病、结肠癌、直肠癌、子宫内膜癌、神经胶质瘤、胶质母细胞瘤、胃癌、胃泌素瘤、肝母细胞瘤、肝细胞癌、霍奇金淋巴瘤、卡波西肉瘤白血病、肺癌、平滑肌肉瘤、喉鳞状细胞癌、黑色素瘤、粘膜相关淋巴组织B细胞淋巴瘤、髓母细胞瘤、套细胞淋巴瘤、脑膜瘤、骨髓性白血病、多发性骨髓瘤、高危骨髓增生异常综合征、间皮瘤、神经纤维瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、非小细胞肺癌、卵巢癌、食管癌、口咽癌骨肉瘤、胰腺癌、乳头状癌、前列腺癌、嗜铬细胞瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、头颈鳞状细胞癌、神经鞘瘤、小细胞肺癌、唾液腺肿瘤、散发性乳头状癌、甲状腺癌、睾丸肿瘤或尿路上皮癌。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中,所述肿瘤的细胞包括胃癌细胞、肠癌细胞、肝癌细胞、肺癌细胞。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中,所述肿瘤的细胞包括SGC-7901人胃癌细胞、HCT-116人肠癌细胞、HepG2人肝癌细胞、A549人肺癌细胞。
本发明还提供了一种抗肿瘤的药物,包括所述RNA或所述的宿主细胞。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中,本发明提供的抗肿瘤的药物包括活性链和互补链;所述活性链为RNA分子或经修饰的该RNA分子,该RNA分子长度为22个碱基;其5’端第1位~第6位碱基序列为“UGGCAG”,或者第17位~第22位碱基为“UGCCCU”;所述互补链与活性链完全互补或部分互补。
本发明提供的RNA分子长度为22个碱基;其5’端第1位~第6位碱基序列为“UGGCAG”,或者第17位~第22位碱基为“UGCCCU”;采用该RNA分子能够显著抑制肿瘤细胞生长和/或增殖,从而起到抗肿瘤的作用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。
图1示微小RNA模拟物抑制SGC-7901人胃癌细胞生长的能力检测结果;
图2示微小RNA模拟物抑制HCT-116人肠癌细胞生长的能力检测结果;
图3示微小RNA模拟物抑制HepG2人肝癌细胞生长的能力检测结果;
图4示微小RNA模拟物抑制A549人肺癌细胞生长的能力检测结果。
具体实施方式
本发明公开了一种微小RNA及其在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容,适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是,所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,它们都被视为包括在本发明。本发明的方法及应用已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述,相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文所述的方法和应用进行改动或适当变更与组合,来实现和应用本发明技术。
本发明说明书中提及的术语定义如下:
本发明提供的RNA分子为微小RNA(microRNA,或miRNA),其是指单链的寡核糖核酸。核糖核苷酸是由核苷酸经磷酸二酯键缩合而成长链状分子。核糖核苷酸分子由一分子碱基、一分子核糖和磷酸构成。本发明提供的miRNA的碱基有A腺嘌呤、G鸟嘌呤、C胞嘧啶、U尿嘧啶、5-甲基胞嘧啶(5-me-C)、5-羟甲基胞嘧啶、黄嘌呤、次黄嘌呤、2-氨基腺嘌呤、6-甲基和腺嘌呤和鸟嘌呤的其它烷基衍生物、腺嘌呤和鸟嘌呤的2-丙基和其它烷基衍生物、5-硫尿嘧啶和胞嘧啶、5-丙炔基尿嘧啶和嘧啶碱基的其他炔基衍生物、6-偶氮尿嘧啶、胞嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶、5-尿嘧啶(假尿嘧啶)、4-硫尿嘧啶、8-卤代、8-氨基、8-巯基、8-硫代烷基、8-羟基和其他8-取代的腺嘌呤和鸟嘌呤、5-卤素(包括5-溴、5-三氟甲基和其它5-取代的尿嘧啶和胞嘧啶)、7-甲基鸟嘌呤和7-甲基腺嘌呤、2-F-腺嘌呤、2-氨基腺嘌呤、8-氮鸟嘌呤和8-氮杂腺嘌呤、7-脱氮鸟嘌呤和7-脱氮腺嘌呤、3-脱氮鸟嘌呤和3-脱氮腺嘌呤。
所述碱基,可以是无修饰碱基,也可以是修饰碱基。
所述修饰碱基,是指碱基连接基团包括但不限于NH2、生物素、胺基、低级胺基烷基、低级烷基、NHCOCH3、乙酰基、2'-氧基-甲基(2'O-Me)、DMTO、荧光素、硫醇或吖啶。
所述修饰碱基,是指本发明提供的RNA分子链或其互补链中的1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21或22个碱基连接修饰基团。
所述修饰,是指本发明提供的RNA分子链或其互补链中的碱基连接任何一种或多种基团或其组合。
所述核糖,可以是无修饰核糖,也可以是修饰核糖。
所述修饰核糖,是指核糖连接基团包括但不限于低级烷基、烯基、炔基、烷芳基、芳烷基、O-烷芳基或O-芳烷基、SH、SCH3、Cl、Br、CN、OCN、CF3、OCF3、SOCH3、SO2CH3、ONO2、NO2、N3、NH2、杂环烷基、杂环氨基烷基、氨基烷基、聚氨基烷基、取代的甲硅烷基、RNA裂解基团、嵌入剂、用于改善微小RNA的药代动力学性质的基团或用于改善微小RNA的药效学性质的基团,以及具有相似性质的其它取代基。另外的糖取代基包括2'-O-2-甲氧基乙基(2'-O-CH2CH2OCH3)、2'-二甲基氨氧基乙氧基[2'-O-CH2-O-CH2-N(CH3)2]、烯丙基(-CH2-CH═CH2)、-O-烯丙基(-O-CH2-CH-CH2)、甲氧基(-O-CH3)、氨基丙氧基(-OCH2CH2CH2NH2)和氟(F)等。
所述修饰核糖,是指本发明提供的RNA分子链或其互补链中的任何1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21或22个核糖连接修饰基团。
所述修饰,是指本发明提供的RNA分子链或其互补链中的核糖连接任何一种或多种基团或其组合。
所述互补,又称互补配对,是指碱基通过氢键与它互补的碱基相连。互补碱基对A于U之间形成两对氢键,C与G之间形成三对氢键。
所述完全互补是指序列完全匹配且不形成粘性末端。所述部分互补是指序列完全匹配,但形成粘性末端。
本发明提供的RNA分子长度为22个碱基;其5’端第1位~第6位碱基序列为“UGGCAG”,或者第17位~第22位碱基为“UGCCCU”。
本发明还提供了与上述RNA分子序列完全互补或部分互补的RNA分子。
具体实施例中,所述部分互补形成的粘性末端为2bp。
具体实施例中,所述粘性末端位于互补RNA分子的3’端。
本发明提供的RNA分子中任意一个或多个碱基经修饰获得的RNA分子。
本发明提供的RNA分子在制备抑制肿瘤细胞生长和/或增殖的药物中的应用。
通过实验验证,本发明提供的微小RNA分子对对各种肿瘤细胞的生长均有显著的抑制作用,显示本发明提供的微小RNA分子对具有很好的广谱抗肿瘤活性。
所述肿瘤为星形细胞瘤、间变性大细胞淋巴瘤、急性淋巴细胞白血病、急性骨髓性白血病、血管肉瘤、乳腺癌、B细胞淋巴瘤、膀胱癌、子宫颈癌、头颈癌、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病、慢性骨髓性白血病、结肠癌、直肠癌、子宫内膜癌、神经胶质瘤、胶质母细胞瘤、胃癌、胃泌素瘤、肝母细胞瘤、肝细胞癌、霍奇金淋巴瘤、卡波西肉瘤白血病、肺癌、平滑肌肉瘤、喉鳞状细胞癌、黑色素瘤、粘膜相关淋巴组织B细胞淋巴瘤、髓母细胞瘤、套细胞淋巴瘤、脑膜瘤、骨髓性白血病、多发性骨髓瘤、高危骨髓增生异常综合征、间皮瘤、神经纤维瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、非小细胞肺癌、卵巢癌、食管癌、口咽癌骨肉瘤、胰腺癌、乳头状癌、前列腺癌、嗜铬细胞瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、头颈鳞状细胞癌、神经鞘瘤、小细胞肺癌、唾液腺肿瘤、散发性乳头状癌、甲状腺癌、睾丸肿瘤或尿路上皮癌。
本发明进行实验的肿瘤细胞包括胃癌细胞、肠癌细胞、肝癌细胞、肺癌细胞。
具体的,进行实验的肿瘤细胞为SGC-7901人胃癌细胞、HCT-116人肠癌细胞、HepG2人肝癌细胞、A549人肺癌细胞等肿瘤细胞中的抗肿瘤活性。
本发明还提供了一种抗肿瘤的药物,包括活性链和互补链;
本发明提供的RNA分子长度为22个碱基;其5’端第1位~第6位碱基序列为“UGGCAG”,或者第17位~第22位碱基为“UGCCCU”;采用该RNA分子及其互补链能够显著抑制肿瘤细胞生长和/或增殖,从而起到抗肿瘤的作用。
本发明采用的试材皆为普通市售品,皆可于市场购得。
CCK8(东仁化学科技(上海)有限公司,日本),微小RNA模拟物(上海吉玛基因有限公司化学合成;HPLC纯化,纯度>97%)。
电子天平(Scount SE,中国)、移液枪、高速离心机(Eppendorf,德国)、细胞培养箱、-80℃超低温冰箱(Thermo Scientific,美国)、常速离心机(Joμan,法国)、倒置显微镜(O1ympμs,日本)、电热恒温培养箱(PYX-DHS,中国);枪尖、1.5mL EP管(Axygen,美国)、细胞培养皿及培养板、离心管(Corning,美国)。
SGC-7901人胃癌细胞、HCT-116人肠癌细胞、HepG2人肝癌细胞、A549人肺癌细胞(ATCC,美国),细胞株经检测,无支原体污染。
本发明提供的微小RNA及其在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用中所用原料及试剂均可由市场购得。
下面结合实施例,进一步阐述本发明:
实施例1
进行实验的RNA序列如表1:
表1微小RNA序列
本发明的实验方法包括:
1、细胞培养
所有细胞株均采用含10%胎牛血清的RPMI-1640或DMEM培养基进行培养,培养条件为37℃、5%CO2、饱和湿度。细胞生长至80%左右,用0.25%胰酶消化传代。每天观察细胞的形态及生长速度,及时更换新鲜培养基。
2、转染微小RNA
按3×103个细胞/孔的量在96孔板中接种指数生长期的细胞,培养过夜,直到细胞80%汇片。24小时后,将1、2、10、25、50、100nM微小RNA稀释至25μL不含血清和抗生素的RPMI1640培养基中,用移液枪轻轻混合均匀;将1μL脂质体2000(Invitrogen公司)悬液加入25μL不含血清和抗生素的RPMI1640培养基中,室温孵育5min;最后将两者混合在一起,充分混匀,室温静置20min,使微小RNA与脂质体充分结合。最后,将此混合物加入细胞培养孔中。
3、CCK8法检测细胞活性
向细胞培养孔中加入CCK-8溶液,在培养箱中继续培养0.5小时后,酶标仪检测450nm处吸光值(A),计算抑制率=(样品A值-空白A值)/(对照A值-空白A值)×100%。
本发明的实验结果为:
测定如SEQ ID NO.1~23所示的RNA活性链和如SEQ ID NO.24~46所示的RNA互补链抑制SGC-7901人胃癌细胞、HCT-116人肠癌细胞、HepG2人肝癌细胞、A549人肺癌细胞生长的活性。结果如图1-4和表2所示,各种肿瘤细胞的生长均被显著抑制,显示这些微小RNA具有很好的广谱抗肿瘤活性。
表2微小RNA抑制肿瘤细胞生长的IC50值(nM)
注:“无”表示细胞不敏感。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
序列表
<110> 苏州大学
<120> 微小RNA及其在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用
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Claims (10)
1.RNA,其特征在于,包括活性链RNA和其互补链RNA;
所述活性链RNA具有如下所示的核苷酸序列中的任意一项:
I、包括22个碱基;其5’端第1位~第6位碱基序列为“UGGCAG”或第17位~第22位碱基为“UGCCCU”;或
II、具有如I所示的核苷酸序列经修饰、取代、缺失或添加一个或多个碱基获得的核苷酸序列;或
III、具有如I所示的核苷酸序列经修饰一个或多个核糖获得的核苷酸序列;或
IV、与如I所示的核苷酸序列具有至少80%同源性的序列;
所述互补为完全互补或部分互补。
2.与权利要求1所述RNA,其特征在于,如I所示的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No.1~23所示;所述其互补链RNA的序列如SEQ ID No.24~46所示。
3.权利要求1~2任一项所述RNA,其特征在于,所述修饰的碱基个数为1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21或22个。
4.转染如权利要求1至3任一项所述RNA的宿主细胞。
5.如权利要求1~3任一项所述RNA或如权利要求4所述的宿主细胞在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述肿瘤为星形细胞瘤、间变性大细胞淋巴瘤、急性淋巴细胞白血病、急性骨髓性白血病、血管肉瘤、乳腺癌、B细胞淋巴瘤、膀胱癌、子宫颈癌、头颈癌、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病、慢性骨髓性白血病、结肠癌、直肠癌、子宫内膜癌、神经胶质瘤、胶质母细胞瘤、胃癌、胃泌素瘤、肝母细胞瘤、肝细胞癌、霍奇金淋巴瘤、卡波西肉瘤白血病、肺癌、平滑肌肉瘤、喉鳞状细胞癌、黑色素瘤、粘膜相关淋巴组织B细胞淋巴瘤、髓母细胞瘤、套细胞淋巴瘤、脑膜瘤、骨髓性白血病、多发性骨髓瘤、高危骨髓增生异常综合征、间皮瘤、神经纤维瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、非小细胞肺癌、卵巢癌、食管癌、口咽癌骨肉瘤、胰腺癌、乳头状癌、前列腺癌、嗜铬细胞瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、头颈鳞状细胞癌、神经鞘瘤、小细胞肺癌、唾液腺肿瘤、散发性乳头状癌、甲状腺癌、睾丸肿瘤或尿路上皮癌。
7.如权利要求5或6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述肿瘤的细胞包括胃癌细胞、肠癌细胞、肝癌细胞、肺癌细胞。
8.如权利要求5至7任一项所述的应用,其特征在于,所述肿瘤的细胞包括SGC-7901人胃癌细胞、HCT-116人肠癌细胞、HepG2人肝癌细胞、A549人肺癌细胞。
9.一种抗肿瘤的药物,其特征在于,包括如权利要求1至3任一项所述RNA或如权利要求4所述的宿主细胞。
10.如权利要求9所述的药物,其特征在于,所述肿瘤为星形细胞瘤、间变性大细胞淋巴瘤、急性淋巴细胞白血病、急性骨髓性白血病、血管肉瘤、乳腺癌、B细胞淋巴瘤、膀胱癌、子宫颈癌、头颈癌、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病、慢性骨髓性白血病、结肠癌、直肠癌、子宫内膜癌、神经胶质瘤、胶质母细胞瘤、胃癌、胃泌素瘤、肝母细胞瘤、肝细胞癌、霍奇金淋巴瘤、卡波西肉瘤白血病、肺癌、平滑肌肉瘤、喉鳞状细胞癌、黑色素瘤、粘膜相关淋巴组织B细胞淋巴瘤、髓母细胞瘤、套细胞淋巴瘤、脑膜瘤、骨髓性白血病、多发性骨髓瘤、高危骨髓增生异常综合征、间皮瘤、神经纤维瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、非小细胞肺癌、卵巢癌、食管癌、口咽癌骨肉瘤、胰腺癌、乳头状癌、前列腺癌、嗜铬细胞瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、头颈鳞状细胞癌、神经鞘瘤、小细胞肺癌、唾液腺肿瘤、散发性乳头状癌、甲状腺癌、睾丸肿瘤或尿路上皮癌。
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