CN110899702A - Metal part assembly line 3D printing method and device - Google Patents
Metal part assembly line 3D printing method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110899702A CN110899702A CN201911424909.9A CN201911424909A CN110899702A CN 110899702 A CN110899702 A CN 110899702A CN 201911424909 A CN201911424909 A CN 201911424909A CN 110899702 A CN110899702 A CN 110899702A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/66—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/70—Recycling
- B22F10/73—Recycling of powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/70—Recycling
- B22F10/77—Recycling of gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/44—Radiation means characterised by the configuration of the radiation means
- B22F12/45—Two or more
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/80—Plants, production lines or modules
- B22F12/82—Combination of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/86—Serial processing with multiple devices grouped
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/80—Plants, production lines or modules
- B22F12/88—Handling of additively manufactured products, e.g. by robots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/49—Scanners
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
- B22F12/63—Rollers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention provides a metal part production line 3D printing method and device. The device comprises a cart device, processing equipment, a powder processing system, a substrate processing system and a post-processing system; the method comprises the following steps: firstly, the cart device loaded with the formed substrate and the powder enters a processing equipment area and is processed in a sealing and matching manner with the processing equipment; after the processing equipment finishes processing, the cart device is moved out to enter a powder processing system, powder in a powder collecting cylinder and a forming cylinder in the cart device is absorbed and filtered, and available powder is added into a powder cylinder; thirdly, the cart device enters a substrate processing system, the part substrate in the forming cylinder is moved out, and a new substrate is placed in the forming cylinder; and the moved part substrate is used as a new substrate for standby after being subjected to linear cutting by the linear cutting device, and the cut and separated part enters the post-processing system. The invention can continuously carry out processing production, simultaneously improves the processing efficiency and realizes the production line of 3D printing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to a precision metal part assembly line 3D printing method and device.
Background
As an advanced manufacturing technology with higher material utilization rate, the additive manufacturing technology has great freedom in product production, and can be quickly manufactured according to parts with different shapes, so that a large amount of processing equipment and process flows are saved, and the process of production research and development is accelerated.
The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology is a 3D printing technology capable of directly forming high-density and high-precision parts, and the working principle of the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology is that metal powder materials of each layer are selectively melted by a Laser beam and are gradually stacked into a three-dimensional metal part. Based on the principle, the rapid production of various complex modeling parts can be realized. Such advanced manufacturing techniques cannot be applied in large scale, mainly because the production efficiency is not as good as that of the conventional manufacturing process, especially the conventional flow-line manufacturing method. The powder spreading speed of each layer and the laser scanning melting speed are slow during the production of parts, so that the processing time is long, and the requirement of mass production cannot be met. Therefore, the assembly line manufacturing mode can be imitated, the assembly line manufacturing of 3D printing is realized, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
The existing production line metal 3D printing technology is still in a blank stage in China, and only a fused deposition manufacturing technology aiming at plastic molding is adopted. "a production line type 3D printer system" was proposed in 2018 by chengdu chuangzhigu science and technology limited, which improves production efficiency by adopting a multi-station mode, but is only suitable for plastic printers such as FDM; chengdu Mei Lai technology Limited company proposed a multi-laser light source forming 3D printer in 2017, and the forming efficiency is improved by adopting a multi-laser light source forming mode, but the problem of continuous working of equipment is not solved, and the maximization of the production efficiency cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a 3D printing method and a 3D printing device for a metal part production line, which can realize a flow production method for printing parts by quickly replacing equipment parts, can continuously perform processing production, improve the processing efficiency and realize the 3D printing production line.
The invention is realized by at least one of the following technical schemes.
A3D printing device for a metal part assembly line comprises processing equipment, a cart device, a powder processing system, a substrate processing system and a post-processing system;
the processing equipment comprises a powder spreading device, an air circulation system, an optical system and a frame, and is core equipment of the printing device, wherein the air circulation system is arranged on one side of the powder spreading device; the frame is used for fixing devices and systems of each part of the processing equipment in a bolt locking mode so as to enable the processing equipment to work in a stable environment; the cart device comprises a substrate, a forming cylinder, a powder feeding cylinder, a powder collecting cylinder, an electric cylinder, a piston and an AGV (automated Guided vehicle) cart, and is a carrier for forming parts in the metal printing process; the substrate provides a molding plane for equipment work; the AGV belongs to an automatic guiding device and is used for moving the cart device to an appointed position;
the powder processing system is used for cleaning and adding powder;
the substrate processing system comprises a grabbing manipulator, a linear cutting device and an annular conveyor belt, wherein the linear cutting device is arranged on one side of the annular conveyor belt, the linear cutting device puts the processed substrate into the annular conveyor belt, and the annular conveyor belt conveys the substrate to the post-processing system;
the post-treatment system is used for supporting, surface polishing and heat treatment of the machined part.
Furthermore, a plurality of processing devices are arranged on the 3D printing production line for processing together;
the powder spreading device comprises a powder spreading scraping strip, a linear guide rail module and a scraping strip fixing plate; the powder spreading scraping strip, the scraping strip fixing plate and the linear guide rail module are sequentially connected, and under the driving of the linear guide rail module, the scraping strip fixing plate moves linearly and drives the powder spreading scraping strip to spread powder on a processing plane;
the gas circulation system comprises a filter element, a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and waste gas and splashes generated in the equipment processing process enter the filter element in the gas circulation system through the gas inlet to perform a filtering action, so that the clean gas is discharged through the gas outlet;
the optical system comprises a plurality of lasers, each laser is matched with a vibrating mirror, light is emitted for scanning, an independent forming area can be scanned respectively, or the scanning areas are overlapped to be lapped to form a large-size forming part, and laser emitted by the lasers enters the vibrating mirrors and then is reflected to be scanned.
Further, the cart device comprises a substrate, a forming cylinder, a powder feeding cylinder, a powder collecting cylinder, an electric cylinder, a piston and an AGV (automatic Guided vehicle) cart, and is a carrier for forming parts in the metal printing process; the base plate provides a molding plane for equipment working, and is connected with the piston, the piston is connected with the electric cylinder, and the piston does linear motion in the Z direction in the molding cylinder under the pushing of the electric cylinder; in the powder feeding cylinder, a piston does linear motion in the Z direction under the pushing of an electric cylinder; the AGV car belongs to an automatic guide device and is used for moving the cart device to an appointed position.
The substrate is used for fixing a formed part; loading and unloading of parts are achieved by driving the electric cylinder to control the piston to move up and down in the forming cylinder, and the powder feeding cylinder supplies powder by driving the electric cylinder to control the piston to move up and down in the metal printing process; the powder collecting cylinder is used for collecting redundant powder in the forming process; the AGV dolly supports whole shaping jar structure, the AGV dolly is installed the automatic guiding device of electromagnetism or optics, can follow the regulation route and travel.
Further, the powder treatment system comprises a powder suction head, a powder screening machine, a powder storage tank, a vacuum generator, a powder feeding head and a powder manipulator, and the powder suction head, the powder screening machine, the powder storage tank, the vacuum generator, the powder feeding head and the powder manipulator are used for cleaning and adding powder; the fixed powder suction head is connected with the powder sieving machine, and powder is conveyed by suction generated by the vacuum generator and falls into the powder storage tank; the powder feeding head is connected with the powder storage groove through a vacuum generator; the powder manipulator fixes the powder suction head and the powder feeding head to move;
the powder suction head is used for absorbing powder in the powder collecting cylinder and the forming cylinder; the powder screening machine is used for filtering used powder and removing impurities and large-particle powder to enable the powder to reach the standard of reusability; the powder storage tank is used for storing the filtered powder and the newly added powder; the vacuum generator generates vacuum to provide power for absorbing and conveying powder; the powder feeding head is connected with the powder storage tank and the vacuum generator and used for conveying powder into the powder feeding cylinder under the vacuum action; the powder manipulator fixes the powder suction head and the powder feeding head to realize the powder suction and the powder feeding at the designated positions.
Furthermore, the grabbing manipulator is responsible for grabbing the processed part substrate to the linear cutting device and grabbing a new substrate to be placed in the forming cylinder; the linear cutting device is used for separating a part substrate into a processed part and a substrate
Further, the post-treatment system includes, but is not limited to, a barrel polishing apparatus and a heat treatment furnace apparatus.
The invention also provides a production line 3D printing method using the metal part production line 3D printing device, which comprises the following steps:
step one, pushing the cart device loaded with the formed substrate and the powder to processing equipment, and performing sealing matching processing with the processing equipment;
after the processing is finished, the cart device is moved to a powder treatment system, powder in the powder collecting cylinder and the powder in the forming cylinder are absorbed by the fixed powder absorbing head and filtered by the powder sieving machine, and available powder is added into the powder conveying cylinder by the powder conveying head;
moving the cart device to a substrate processing system, moving the part substrate in the molding cylinder out by a grabbing manipulator, and placing a new substrate; and (5) repeating the step one by the cart device loaded with the substrate and the powder to form the assembly line operation.
And step four, the moved part substrate is used as a new substrate for standby after being subjected to linear cutting by the linear cutting device, and the cut and separated parts enter a post-processing system.
And step one, after the trolley device is moved into the sealing fit, introducing gas into an inflatable sealing strip positioned above the trolley device, and filling a gap between the trolley device and the frame by expanding the sealing strip to ensure the air tightness of the processing cavity.
Further, the processing in the second step specifically comprises: and a piston of the powder feeding cylinder in the cart device rises by the thickness of a processing layer, the powder spreading device pushes the powder to the forming cylinder and spreads the powder, the optical system performs laser scanning to melt the powder for forming, and the process is circulated until the forming of the part is finished.
Furthermore, the grabbing manipulator grabbing mode includes and is not limited to vacuum chuck grabbing, magnetic attraction grabbing and clamp matching grabbing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the invention realizes the high-efficiency molding of the multi-laser multi-vibrating mirror structure. The number of the structures can be increased according to requirements, the speed of the 3d metal printing technology is limited by the scanning speed of the galvanometers, and the number of the galvanometers is increased, so that the processing efficiency can be effectively improved. The possibility of expanding the number of the galvanometers is more suitable for the requirement of large-batch processing.
2. The invention realizes continuous flow process. Both the substrate and the remaining powder during the metal 3D printing process can be put into use again after simple processing. Therefore, the powder and the substrate in the cart device can be put back into the cart device for repeated processing after being processed, and the printed product can be detached to form the production line of the product. The material conversion rate of the assembly line can reach more than 90% theoretically.
3. The invention has high automation degree and reduced labor cost. The cart device is driven by the AGV device to travel along a specified path; the automatic powder treatment is completed by adopting the design of a mechanical arm and vacuum auxiliary equipment; and the cutting equipment is adopted to carry out batch processing on the part substrates, so that the processing efficiency of the product is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an assembly of a 3D printing apparatus for a metal part production line according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the pipeline 3D printing method of the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the processing apparatus assembly of the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cart device of the present embodiment;
wherein: 1-processing equipment; 11-an optical system; 12-a gas circulation system; 13-a powder spreading device; 14-a frame; 2-a cart device; 21-powder feeding cylinder; 22-a forming cylinder; 23-a substrate; 24-a piston; 25-powder collecting cylinder; 26-an electric cylinder; 27-an AGV cart; 3-a powder handling system; 31-powder suction head; 32-powder feeding head; 33-powder robot; 34-a vacuum generator; 35-a powder screening machine; 36-a powder storage tank; 4-a substrate processing system; 41-a wire cutting device; 42-an endless conveyor belt; 43-a grasping robot; 5-post-treatment system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
An in-line 3D printing apparatus as shown in fig. 1, the 3D printing apparatus includes a processing device 1, a cart device 2, a powder processing system 3, a substrate processing system 4, and a post-processing system 5;
as shown in fig. 3, the processing equipment includes a powder spreading device 13, a gas circulation system 12, an optical system 11, and a frame 14, and is a core device of the printing device; the gas circulation system 12 is arranged on one side of the powder spreading device 13; the frame 14 fixes each part of the device and system of the processing equipment by using a bolt locking mode, so that the device and system work in a stable environment;
the 3D printing production line comprises a plurality of processing devices 1 for processing together;
the powder spreading device comprises a powder spreading scraping strip, a linear guide rail module and a scraping strip fixing plate; the powder spreading scraping strip, the scraping strip fixing plate and the linear guide rail module are sequentially connected, and under the driving of the linear guide rail module, the scraping strip fixing plate moves linearly and drives the powder spreading scraping strip to spread powder on a processing plane;
the gas circulation system comprises a filter element, a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and waste gas and splashes generated in the equipment processing process enter the filter element in the gas circulation system through the gas inlet to perform a filtering action, so that the clean gas is discharged through the gas outlet;
the optical system 11 comprises a plurality of lasers, each laser is matched with a vibrating mirror, light is emitted for scanning, an independent forming area can be scanned respectively, or the scanning areas can be overlapped to be lapped to form a large-size forming part, and laser emitted by the lasers enters the vibrating mirrors and then is reflected to be scanned.
As shown in fig. 4, the cart device 2 includes a substrate 23, a forming cylinder 22, a powder feeding cylinder 21, a powder collecting cylinder 25, an electric cylinder 26, a piston 24, and an AGV cart 27, which are carriers for forming parts in the metal printing process;
the powder processing system 3 comprises a powder suction head 31, a powder screening machine 35, a powder storage tank 36, a vacuum generator 34, a powder feeding head 32 and a powder manipulator 33, and is used for cleaning and adding powder; the base plate 23 provides a molding plane for the equipment to work, and is connected with the piston 24, the piston 24 is connected with the electric cylinder 26, and the piston 26 makes a Z-direction linear motion in the molding cylinder 22 under the pushing of the electric cylinder 26; in the powder feeding cylinder 21, the piston 26 makes a linear motion in the Z direction under the pushing of the electric cylinder 26; the AGV cart 27 belongs to an automatic guidance device for moving the cart device 2 to a designated position.
The powder suction head 31 is used for absorbing powder in the powder collecting cylinder 25 and the forming cylinder 22; the powder screening machine 35 is used for filtering used powder to remove impurities and large-particle powder so as to enable the powder to reach the standard of reusability; the powder storage tank 36 is used for storing the filtered powder and the newly added powder; the vacuum generator 34 generates vacuum to provide power for absorbing and conveying powder; the powder feeding head 32 is connected with the powder storage groove 36 and the vacuum generator 34, and powder is conveyed into the powder feeding cylinder 21 under the vacuum action; the powder manipulator 33 fixes the powder suction head 31 and the powder feeding head 32 to realize the powder suction and powder feeding at the designated positions.
The substrate 23 is used for fixing a molded part; the loading and unloading of the parts are realized by controlling the up-and-down movement of a piston 24 in the forming cylinder 22 through a driving electric cylinder 26, and the powder feeding cylinder 21 is used for controlling the up-and-down movement of the piston to supply powder in the metal printing process through the driving electric cylinder; the powder collecting cylinder 25 is used for collecting redundant powder in the forming process; the AGV trolley 27 supports the whole forming cylinder 22 structure, is provided with an electromagnetic or optical automatic guiding device and can run along a specified path;
the substrate processing system 4 includes a gripping robot 43, a wire cutting device 41, an endless conveyor 42, for processing the processed substrate; the wire cutting device 41 is arranged at one side of the annular conveyor belt 42, the wire cutting device 41 puts the processed substrate into the annular conveyor belt 42, and the annular conveyor belt 42 sends the substrate to the post-processing system 5;
the post-treatment system 5 is used for supporting, surface polishing and heat treatment of the machined part.
The grabbing manipulator 43 is responsible for grabbing the processed part substrate onto the linear cutting device 41 and grabbing a new substrate to be placed in the forming cylinder 22; the wire cutting device 41 is used for separating a processed part and a substrate from a part substrate; the endless conveyor 42 is used to transport the substrate to a designated location for further processing.
The post-treatment system 5 includes, but is not limited to, a tumbling apparatus, a heat treatment furnace apparatus.
A pipeline 3D printing method of a pipeline 3D printing apparatus as shown in fig. 2, comprising the steps of:
step one, the cart device 2 loaded with the molded substrate 23 and the powder enters a processing equipment area and is processed in a sealing matching manner with the processing equipment 1;
and introducing gas into the inflatable sealing strip positioned above the cart device 2, filling the gap between the cart device 2 and the frame 14 by expanding the sealing strip, and hermetically matching the cart device 2 with the processing equipment 1. When the work starts, the piston 24 of the forming cylinder 22 descends by one layer thickness, the powder of the powder feeding cylinder 21 ascends by one layer thickness, the powder spreading device 13 pushes the powder to the forming surface and spreads the powder, the optical system 11 starts to scan and melt the powder, and the gas environment in the cavity of the gas circulation system 12 is in the process;
step two, after the processing of the processing equipment 1 is finished, the device 2 is moved out to enter a powder processing area, powder in a powder collecting cylinder 25 and a forming cylinder 22 in the device 2 is absorbed and filtered, and available powder is added into a powder feeding cylinder 21;
the cart device 2 enters the powder processing system 3, the powder suction head 31 is controlled by the powder manipulator 33 to suck the powder in the forming cylinder 22 and the powder collecting cylinder 25 into the powder sieving machine 35 for filtering under the action of the vacuum generator 34, the filtered powder falls into the powder storage tank 36, the powder delivery head 32 sucks the powder from the powder storage tank 36 under the action of the vacuum generator 34, and the powder is added at the powder delivery cylinder 21 under the control of the powder manipulator 33;
the processing specifically comprises the following steps: the piston 24 of the powder feeding cylinder 21 in the cart device 2 rises by a processing layer thickness, the powder spreading device 13 pushes the powder to the forming cylinder 22 and spreads the powder, the optical system 11 performs laser scanning to melt the powder for forming, and the process is circulated until the part forming is finished.
Step three, the cart device 2 enters the substrate processing system 4, the grabbing manipulator 43 moves the part substrate 23 in the forming cylinder 22 out, and a new substrate 23 is placed in; and the cart device 2 loaded with the substrate and the powder repeats the step one to form the assembly line operation.
The grabbing manipulator 43 grabbing mode includes but is not limited to vacuum chuck grabbing, magnetic attraction grabbing and clamp cooperation grabbing.
And step four, the moved part substrate is subjected to linear cutting by the linear cutting device 41 and then is made into a new substrate for standby, and the cut and separated parts enter the post-processing system 5.
The cart device 2 enters the substrate processing system 4, the grabbing manipulator 43 grabs and moves the substrate 23 in the forming cylinder 22 to the circular assembly line 42, the substrate 23 moves to the linear cutting device 41 for cutting, the part falls into the post-processing system 5, the new substrate 23 continues to move along with the assembly line 42, and the grabbing manipulator 43 grabs and places the new substrate in the forming cylinder 22;
the number of processing devices 1 in the assembly line 3D printing device can be increased along with the requirement.
The number of mirrors and lasers of the optical system in the processing apparatus 1 of the present invention can be increased as required.
The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and they are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The metal part production line 3D printing device is characterized by comprising a processing device (1), a cart device (2), a powder processing system (3), a substrate processing system (4) and a post-processing system (5);
the processing equipment (1) comprises a powder spreading device (13), an air circulation system (12), an optical system (11) and a framework (14), and is core equipment of the printing device, wherein the air circulation system (12) is arranged on one side of the powder spreading device (13); the frame (14) is used for fixing devices and systems of each part of the processing equipment in a bolt locking mode so as to enable the processing equipment to work in a stable environment;
the cart device (2) comprises a base plate (23), a forming cylinder (22), a powder feeding cylinder (21), a powder collecting cylinder (25), an electric cylinder (26), a piston (26), an AGV (automatic Guided vehicle) cart (27), and the cart device (2) is a carrier for forming parts in the metal printing process; the base plate (23) provides a molding plane for equipment work; the AGV trolley (27) belongs to an automatic guiding device and is used for moving the trolley device (2) to a specified position;
the powder processing system (3) is used for cleaning and adding powder;
the substrate processing system (4) comprises a grabbing manipulator (43), a wire cutting device (41) and an annular conveyor belt (42), wherein the wire cutting device (41) is arranged on one side of the annular conveyor belt (42), the wire cutting device (41) puts the processed substrate into the annular conveyor belt (42), and the annular conveyor belt (42) conveys the substrate to the post-processing system (5);
the post-treatment system (5) is used for supporting, surface polishing and heat treatment of the machined part.
2. The 3D printing device of the metal part production line according to the claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of processing devices (1) are arranged in the 3D printing production line for processing together;
the powder spreading device comprises a powder spreading scraping strip, a linear guide rail module and a scraping strip fixing plate; the powder spreading scraping strip, the scraping strip fixing plate and the linear guide rail module are sequentially connected, and under the driving of the linear guide rail module, the scraping strip fixing plate moves linearly and drives the powder spreading scraping strip to spread powder on a processing plane;
the gas circulation system comprises a filter element, a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and waste gas and splashes generated in the equipment processing process enter the filter element in the gas circulation system through the gas inlet to perform a filtering action, so that the clean gas is discharged through the gas outlet;
the optical system (11) comprises a plurality of lasers, each laser is matched with a vibrating mirror, light is emitted for scanning, an independent forming area can be scanned respectively, or the scanning areas are overlapped to be lapped to form a large-size forming part, and laser emitted by the lasers enters the vibrating mirrors and then is reflected to be scanned.
3. The metal part production line 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the cart device (2) comprises a base plate (23), a forming cylinder (22), a powder feeding cylinder (21), a powder collecting cylinder (25), an electric cylinder (26), a piston (26), an AGV (automatic Guided vehicle) cart (27), and the cart device (2) is a carrier for forming parts in the metal printing process; the base plate (23) provides a molding plane for the equipment to work, and is connected with the piston (24), the piston (24) is connected with the electric cylinder (26), and the piston (26) does linear motion in the Z direction in the molding cylinder (22) under the pushing of the electric cylinder (26); in the powder feeding cylinder (21), a piston (26) makes a Z-direction linear motion under the pushing of an electric cylinder (26); an AGV trolley (27) belongs to an automatic guiding device and is used for moving the trolley device (2) to a specified position.
4. The metal part production line 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the powder processing system (3) comprises a powder suction head (31), a powder screening machine (35), a powder storage tank (36), a vacuum generator (34), a powder feeding head (32), a powder manipulator (33) for cleaning and adding powder; the fixed powder suction head (31) is connected with a powder sieving machine (35), generates suction force through a vacuum generator (34) to convey powder, and falls into a powder storage groove (36); the powder feeding head (32) is connected with the powder storage groove (36) through a vacuum generator (34); the powder manipulator (33) fixes the powder suction head (31) and the powder feeding head (32) for moving operation.
5. 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the gripping robot (43) is responsible for gripping the finished part substrate onto the wire cutting device (41) and gripping a new substrate placed in the forming cylinder (22); the wire cutting device (41) is used for separating the part substrate into a processed part and a substrate.
6. A metal parts in-line 3D printing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the post-processing system (5) includes, but is not limited to, a barrel polishing device and a heat treatment furnace device.
7. A flow-line 3D printing method using the metal part flow-line 3D printing apparatus according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step one, pushing a cart device (2) loaded with a formed substrate and powder to processing equipment (1), and performing sealing matching processing with the processing equipment (1);
step two, after the processing is finished, the cart device (2) is moved to a powder processing system (3), powder in the powder collecting cylinder (25) and the forming cylinder (22) is absorbed by a fixed powder absorbing head (31) and filtered by a powder sieving machine (35), and available powder is added into the powder feeding cylinder (21) by a powder feeding head (32);
moving the cart device (2) to a substrate processing system (4), moving the part substrate in the molding cylinder (22) out by a grabbing manipulator (43), and placing a new substrate; and (3) repeating the first step by the cart device (2) loaded with the substrate and the powder to form the assembly line operation.
And step four, the moved part substrate is used as a new substrate for standby after being subjected to linear cutting by the linear cutting device (41), and the cut and separated part enters the post-processing system (5).
8. The assembly line 3D printing method according to claim 7, wherein the sealing fit in the step one is that after the cart device (2) is moved in, an inflatable sealing strip located above the cart device (2) is inflated, and the sealing strip is inflated to fill a gap between the cart device (2) and the frame (14) so as to ensure the airtightness of the processing cavity.
9. The assembly line 3D printing method according to claim 7, wherein the processing of step two is specifically: a piston (24) of a powder feeding cylinder (21) in the cart device (2) rises by a processing layer thickness, a powder spreading device (13) pushes powder to a forming cylinder (22) and spreads the powder, an optical system (11) performs laser scanning to melt the powder for forming, and the process is circulated until the forming of parts is finished.
10. The assembly line 3D printing method according to claim 7, wherein the gripping manner of the gripping manipulator (43) includes but is not limited to vacuum chuck gripping, magnetic suction gripping and clamp-fit gripping.
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