CN110896728B - Centrifugal rotary conveying and separating device for Chinese cabbage harvesting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a centrifugal rotary conveying and separating device for a Chinese cabbage harvesting machine, which comprises a rack, a guide fixing grid, a throwing-off roller, a rack fixing and mounting disc, a conveying rod, a separating baffle, a grid fixing plate, a conveying transmission shaft, a fixing support plate and a cycloid hydraulic motor. The separating baffle is positioned at the front end of the rack and is connected with the guide fixing grid bars, the bottom of the cycloid hydraulic motor is arranged on the upper portion of the rack through a fixing support plate, the lower portion of the rack is provided with the guide fixing grid bars and a conveying transmission shaft, the conveying transmission shaft is arranged on the lower portion of the cycloid hydraulic motor and is fixedly connected with the rack fixing mounting disc, the conveying rods are uniformly arranged at the bottom end of the rack fixing mounting disc through bolt connection, the conveying transmission shaft at the lower end of the rack is driven by the cycloid hydraulic motor to drive the conveying rods to pick up the cabbages, meanwhile, partial outer leaves of the cabbages are guided and stripped by means of the guide fixing grid bars and are conveyed to the throwing roller at the tail portion, and the separated.

Description

Centrifugal rotary conveying and separating device for Chinese cabbage harvesting machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to a centrifugal rotary conveying and separating device for a Chinese cabbage harvesting machine, and belongs to the technical field of vegetable harvesting machines.

Technical Field

Chinese cabbage as one of the head-forming vegetables has the planting area and the total yield which are the first vegetables and is generally planted all over the country, but at present, the Chinese cabbage harvesting operation is mostly finished manually, the labor intensity is high, the working efficiency is low, and the harvesting cost is high. Along with the rapid development of vegetable industry and the increasing shortage of rural labor force, the mechanized harvesting problem of cabbages needs to be solved urgently, the prior art (a chinese cabbage harvester CN110063124A, a novel chinese cabbage combine harvester CN 107347368A) mainly adopts a self-propelled combine harvesting mode to pull out, cut, transport and the like the head-up vegetables such as cabbages, cabbages and the like, the structure of the conveying and separating device is relatively complex, the vertical belt is utilized to obliquely clamp and transport the cabbages after root cutting, the requirements on the belt installation position and the belt quality are high, the problems of belt slipping, feeding inlet blockage and the like are easy to occur during working, and the working efficiency and the effect are influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of the existing Chinese cabbage mechanical harvesting, conveying and separating technology, and provides a centrifugal rotary conveying and separating device for a Chinese cabbage harvesting machine, so that the structure of the device is simplified, and the conveying and separating effect and the applicability are improved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a centrifugal rotary conveying and separating device for a Chinese cabbage harvesting machine comprises a rack, a guide fixing grid, a throwing-off roller, a bearing seat, a rack fixing and mounting disc, a conveying rod, a separating baffle, a grid fixing plate, a conveying transmission shaft, a fixing support plate and a cycloid hydraulic motor. The separation baffle is located the frame front end, and with the fixed grid of direction links to each other, cycloid hydraulic motor bottom is passed through fixed support plate installs on frame upper portion, the frame lower part is equipped with the fixed grid of direction and carries the transmission shaft, the fixed grid of direction passes through the grid fixed plate to be fixed in the frame lower part, and the afterbody exit is equipped with throws away the cylinder, throw away cylinder power and provide by cycloid hydraulic motor, its upper end links to each other with the frame to with fixed grid interval certain distance, carry the transmission shaft setting in cycloid hydraulic motor lower part, and with rack fixed mounting dish fixed connection, the transmission pole passes through bolted connection equipartition and installs rack fixed mounting dish bottom.

As an improvement and an optimization, the guide fixing grid is formed by vertically arranging a plurality of S-shaped grids in a vortex shape, and a closed conveying area formed by the internal fixing grid and the external fixing grid is used for guiding and conveying the Chinese cabbages in the operation process; the conveying rod arranged on the rack fixing and mounting disk is L-shaped, and the tail part of the rack fixing and mounting disk is provided with a wedge surface with an angle of 10-30 degrees, so that the Chinese cabbages can smoothly enter a conveying area formed by the guide grid bars and the conveying rod; the maximum clearance between the conveying rods is smaller than the maximum diameter of the Chinese cabbage, so that the peeled Chinese cabbage leaves, soil and other impurities can be conveniently separated from the clearances of the conveying rods; the rotation direction of the throwing-off roller is the same as the tangential direction of the tail part of the internal fixed grid, the gap between the throwing-off roller and the internal fixed grid is 5-10mm, and the gap between the throwing-off roller and the external fixed grid is 300-400mm, so that the separated Chinese cabbage is conveniently thrown off from the conveying rod; the rack fixing mounting disc and the advancing direction of the device form a certain included angle, the lowest end of the rack fixing mounting disc is a device picking feeding port and inclines towards the advancing direction of the device, so that Chinese cabbages can conveniently enter the device smoothly, and the inclination angle of the fixing mounting disc can be adjusted as required to increase the conveying lifting height; the fixed grid of direction throw from the cylinder and the conveying rod surface all covers has soft texture rubber or silica gel material to reduce the collision damage of operation in-process, increase and carry frictional force and efficiency.

After the technical scheme is adopted, the device can be matched with a cutting device of a harvesting machine, a power device such as a tractor and the like is used for driving a centrifugal rotary conveying and separating device to separate the Chinese cabbages with the cut roots and partial outer leaves at low damage, the Chinese cabbages are thrown to the ground, and partial outer leaves of the Chinese cabbages are peeled off through centrifugal guiding, so that the conveying and separating operation is completed.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention can be summarized according to the above preferred modified scheme as follows: the centrifugal rotary conveying and separating device provided by the invention by adopting the rotary centrifugal principle can be matched with a cutting device of a harvesting machine for use, the inclination angle of the fixed mounting disc can be adjusted according to the requirement to increase the lifting height, a conveying and collecting device is conveniently added at the rear part to meet the requirement of one-time harvesting, the device is simple in structure and strong in adaptability, and the damage to Chinese cabbages is low.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a suspended Chinese cabbage harvesting machine;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a centrifugal rotary conveying and separating device for a Chinese cabbage harvesting machine;

in the figure: the device comprises a spiral disc cutting device 1, a centrifugal rotary conveying and separating device 2, a hydraulic lifting and overturning device 3 and a tractor power device 4; the device comprises a frame 21, a guide fixing grid 22, an inner fixing grid 221, an outer fixing grid 222, a throw-off roller 23, an L-shaped bearing seat 24, a rack fixing mounting disc 25, a conveying rod 26, a separating baffle 27, a grid fixing plate 28, a conveying transmission shaft 29, a fixing support plate 210 and a cycloid hydraulic motor 211.

Detailed Description

The following further describes a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

Referring to the attached figure 1, the suspension type Chinese cabbage harvesting mechanical system comprises a spiral disc cutting device 1, a centrifugal rotary conveying and separating device 2, a hydraulic lifting and turning device 3 and a tractor power device 4. The spiral disc cutting device 1 is fixedly installed at the front end of the centrifugal rotary conveying and separating device 2, the centrifugal rotary conveying and separating device 2 is hinged with the hydraulic lifting and overturning device 3, and the hydraulic lifting and overturning device 3 is hung at the rear end of the tractor power device 4 through three-point hinge. The tractor power device 4 is used for providing hydraulic power transmission and traction walking of the whole machine, and the spiral disc cutting device 1, the centrifugal rotary conveying and separating device 2 and the hydraulic lifting and overturning device 3 can be independently used with a matched tractor to respectively complete segmental harvesting operations such as root cutting, pulling, conveying, separating, overturning, folding and transporting and the like.

Referring to fig. 2, the centrifugal rotary conveying and separating device for the Chinese cabbage harvesting machine comprises a frame 21, a guide fixing grid 22, a throwing-off roller 23, an L-shaped bearing seat 24, a rack fixing and mounting disc 25, a conveying rod 26, a separating baffle 27, a grid fixing plate 28, a conveying transmission shaft 29, a fixing support plate 210 and a cycloid hydraulic motor 211.

The guiding fixed grid bars are formed by arranging a plurality of S-shaped grid bars with surfaces covered by soft rubber or silica gel materials in a vortex-shaped vertical equidistant mode, and a closed conveying area formed by the internal fixed grid bars and the external fixed grid bars is used for guiding and conveying the cabbages in the operation process; the conveying rod arranged on the rack fixing and mounting disk is L-shaped, and the tail part of the rack fixing and mounting disk is provided with a wedge surface with an angle of 10-30 degrees, so that the Chinese cabbages can smoothly enter a conveying area formed by the guide grid bars and the conveying rod; the maximum clearance between the conveying rods is smaller than the maximum diameter of the Chinese cabbage, so that the peeled Chinese cabbage leaves, soil and other impurities can be conveniently separated from the clearances of the conveying rods; the rotation direction of the throwing-off roller is the same as the tangential direction of the tail part of the internal fixed grid, the gap between the throwing-off roller and the internal fixed grid is 5-10mm, and the gap between the throwing-off roller and the external fixed grid is 300-400mm, so that the separated Chinese cabbage is conveniently thrown off from the conveying rod; the rack fixing mounting disc and the advancing direction of the device form a certain included angle, the lowest end of the rack fixing mounting disc is a device picking feeding port and inclines towards the advancing direction of the device, so that Chinese cabbages can conveniently enter the device smoothly, and the inclination angle of the fixing mounting disc can be adjusted as required to increase the conveying lifting height; the fixed grid of direction throw from the cylinder and the conveying rod surface all covers has soft texture rubber or silica gel material to reduce the collision damage of operation in-process, increase and carry frictional force and efficiency.

When in work, the power device 4 such as the tractor is started firstly, the hydraulic output system of the tractor power device 4 drives the cycloid hydraulic motor 211 to drive the throwing-off roller 23 and the conveying transmission shaft 29 to rotate, under the action of the conveying shaft 29, the L-shaped conveying rod 26 arranged on the rack fixed mounting disc 25 picks up the Chinese cabbage after root cutting and rotates along with the fixed mounting disc 25, the Chinese cabbage is gradually conveyed backwards under the guidance of the S-shaped inner and outer guide fixed grids 22, because a certain distance exists between the conveying rods 26 and the maximum gap is smaller than the maximum diameter of the Chinese cabbage, and separating out the peeled partial outer leaves of the Chinese cabbages, soil and other impurities under the action of friction force, and finally throwing the Chinese cabbages to the ground under the action of a throwing-off roller 23 at the tail part of the internal fixed grid 221 to finish harvesting operation by manual picking or throwing the Chinese cabbages to a subsequent traction and suspension conveying and collecting device to finish combined harvesting. Because the surfaces of the internal and external guide fixed grid bars 22, the throwing-off roller 23, the L-shaped conveying rod 26 and the like contacted by the Chinese cabbage in the centrifugal conveying process are all covered with soft texture materials such as rubber, the damage of the Chinese cabbage caused by collision in the whole harvesting process is avoided.

While specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and alternatives to those details could be developed in light of the teachings and teachings of the disclosure, and that such modifications are within the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is given by the appended claims and any equivalents thereof.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a centrifugal rotatory conveying separator for chinese cabbage harvester which characterized in that: the device comprises a rack (21), a guide fixing grid bar (22), a throwing-off roller (23), a bearing seat (24), a rack fixing installation disc (25), a conveying rod (26), a separating baffle plate (27), a grid bar fixing plate (28), a conveying transmission shaft (29), a fixing support plate (210) and a cycloid hydraulic motor (211); the separation baffle (27) is positioned at the front end of the rack (21) and is connected with the guide fixing grid (22), the bottom of the cycloid hydraulic motor (211) is installed on the upper part of the rack (21) through the fixing support plate (210), the lower part of the rack (21) is provided with the guide fixing grid (22) and the conveying transmission shaft (29), the guide fixing grid (22) is fixed on the lower part of the rack (21) through a grid fixing plate (28), a throwing-off roller (23) is arranged at the tail outlet, the upper part of the throwing-off roller (23) is connected with the lower part of the rack (21) through a bearing seat (24), the lower part is connected with the lower end of the grid fixing plate (28) through the bearing seat (24) and is spaced from the guide fixing grid (22), the conveying transmission shaft (29) is arranged on the lower part of the cycloid hydraulic motor (211) and is fixedly connected with the rack fixing installation disc (25), the conveying rods (26) are uniformly connected and installed at the bottom end of the rack fixing and installing disc (25) through bolts;

the guiding fixed grid bars (22) are composed of a plurality of S-shaped grid bars which are vertically arranged in parallel in a vortex shape, the guiding fixed grid bars (22) comprise internal fixed grid bars (221) and external fixed grid bars (222), and a closed conveying area formed by the internal fixed grid bars (221) and the external fixed grid bars (222) is used for guiding and conveying the cabbages in the operation process;

the conveying rods (26) are L-shaped, the tail parts of the conveying rods are provided with wedge surfaces with 10-30 degrees, the maximum gap between every two rods is smaller than the maximum diameter of the Chinese cabbage, and the conveying rods are used for picking up and separating the Chinese cabbage after root cutting;

the rotation direction of the throwing roller (23) is the same as the tangential direction of the tail part of the internal fixed grid (221), the gap between the throwing roller and the internal fixed grid (221) is 5-10mm, and the gap between the throwing roller and the external fixed grid (221) is 300-400 mm;

the rack fixed mounting disc (25) and the advancing direction of the device form a certain included angle of 5-10 degrees, the inclination angle of the fixed mounting disc (25) can be adjusted as required to increase the conveying lifting height, and the lowest end of the rack fixed mounting disc is a device picking feeding port;

the surfaces of the guide fixing grid bars (22), the throwing-off roller (23) and the conveying rod (26) are all covered with soft rubber or silica gel.

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