JPH0837878A - Harvester for vegetable with formed head - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a harvester for vegetables with the formed head designed to harvest the vegetables with the formed head such as a cabbage, a Chinese cabbage or lettuce from a field, remove the rhizomatic part and lower leaves and house each formed head part therein. CONSTITUTION:This harvester for vegetables with the formed head is obtained by (1) arranging a pair of left and right screw conveyors 6 and 6 a little toward one of left and right sides of a machine body equipped with a pair of left and right crawlers, installing a recutting device 7 and a transverse feeding conveyor 10 connected to the conveyors 6, arranging a container 11 at the rear of the transverse feeding conveyor, tilting the transverse feeding conveyor at an angle so as to locate the front side thereof at a higher level than that of the machine body and the rear side at a lower level than that of the machine body and roll each formed head part (c) released onto the conveyor 10 with their own weight and opening the container 11 to the tilted lower side of the transverse feeding conveyors, (2) enabling the regulation of the tilt angle of the transverse feeding conveyor 10, (3) arranging a separating plate 10 for permitting the passage of the rolling formed head part and preventing the lower leaves from passing therethrough under the tilted lower part of the transverse feeding conveyors or (4) constituting the separating plate of an elastic plate unit.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a headed vegetable harvesting machine in which headed vegetables such as cabbage, Chinese cabbage, lettuce and the like are harvested from a field, and rhizomes and lower leaves are cut to accommodate the headed parts.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various types of heading vegetable harvesters have been proposed for harvesting heading vegetables. For example, on one side of the machine equipped with a pair of left and right crawlers, while pulling the rhizome of the heading vegetables vegetated in the field from both the left and right sides while rotating, withdrawing part that pulls out from the field as the machine progresses, and is pulled out. A pair of left and right screw conveyors consisting of a conveyor section that conveys the headed vegetables to the rear of the machine in a tilted state are provided, and the rhizomes of the headed vegetables are cut during the transfer process by this conveyor, and re-cut at the rear of the conveyor. Proposed by the applicant of the present invention is one in which a lateral conveyor belt is provided subsequent to the sandwiching conveyor belt provided with the device, and a sorting operator selects a ball-head portion moving on the lateral conveyor belt and stores it in a container. There is.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned prior art, since the horizontal conveyor belt is horizontally arranged and provided between the sorting operator and the container, the horizontal conveyor belt is connected to the ball-forming portion. Since the lower leaves were sent together, the sorting operator had to sort out only the bulbs, stretch his arms and store them in the container. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides (1) a rhizome of a heading vegetable vegetated in a field near one side of a vehicle equipped with a pair of left and right crawlers. While pulling from the left and right sides while pulling out of the field while the machine progresses while rotating, a pair of left and right screw conveyors that convey toward the rear of the machine are provided, and a re-cutting device and a transverse feed conveyor are continuously provided to this screw conveyor. Provided, in a heading vegetable harvester in which a container is arranged at the rear of the horizontal feed conveyor, the horizontal feed conveyor has a front side higher than the machine body, a rear side lower, and the head portion discharged onto the conveyor has its own weight. Inclining to an angle that allows it to roll, and opening the container below the inclination of the horizontal feed conveyor,

(2) The inclination angle of the transverse feed conveyor is adjustable, (3) the rolling head portion is allowed to pass under the inclined lower portion of the transverse feed conveyor, and the passage of the lower lobe is prevented. Is provided, and (4) the separation plate is made of an elastic plate body.

[0006]

With the above structure, the headed vegetable harvester of the present invention has the following functions. ． The horizontal feed conveyor is higher on the front side and lower on the rear side with respect to the machine body, and is tilted at an angle such that the bulb portion discharged onto the conveyor rolls under its own weight, and the container is opened below the tilt of the horizontal feed conveyor. The ball head portion discharged onto the lateral feed conveyor rolls in the tilt direction of the lateral feed conveyor by its own weight and is automatically accommodated in the container.

[0007]. Since the inclination angle of the horizontal conveyor can be adjusted, the inclination angle of the conveyor is adjusted according to the type and size of the harvested heading vegetables, and the heading portion is properly accommodated in the container.

[0008] At the lower part of the slope of the horizontal conveyor, a separating plate that allows passage of the rolling ball portion and blocks passage of the lower leaf is provided, so only the bulb portion is accommodated in the container, and the lower leaf of the horizontal conveyor is It is released to the field from the end of transportation. ． Since the separation plate is composed of an elastic plate,
The ball-bounding portion rides over the elastic plate body and is accommodated in the container, and the lower leaf is prevented from falling by the elastic plate body and is discharged to the field from the end of conveyance of the lateral feed conveyor.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 3, reference numeral 1 is a headed vegetable harvesting machine, and the headed vegetable harvesting machine 1 is equipped with crawlers 2 and 2 which are paired left and right and are capable of spin rotation. An engine 3 is mounted on the crawlers 2 and 2 near the left and right sides of the machine body, and on the front side of the engine 3, a hydraulic pump 4, A transmission 5 including a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) is mounted, and power is transmitted from the engine 3 via a counter shaft. A tension clutch is provided in each transmission system that transmits power from the engine 3 to the hydraulic pump 4 and the transmission 5.

A pair of left and right screw conveyors 6 and 6 for removing heading vegetables vegetated in the field from the lower front part near the left and right sides of the machine body to the rear side of the machine body through the engine 3 and conveying them backward. A re-cutting device 7 is provided which is continuously provided in Nos. 6 and 6 and which automatically cuts the root base of the heading vegetables that are being conveyed while being conveyed. That is, the screw conveyors 6 as the harvesting section
The center line in the width direction of the re-cutting device 7 is located closer to the center line in the machine width direction than the center line in the width direction of the one crawler 2.
The crawlers 2 and 2 run on the ridges of the heading vegetable cultivation ridge. The base ends of the clew conveyors 6 and 6 are pivotally supported by the body so as to vertically move the front part. To the left and right of the other side of the machine, almost above the other crawler 2,
A driver's seat 8 and a step 9 for an auxiliary worker are provided at the front and rear.

The screw conveyors 6 and 6 are pull-out portions 6a and 6a for pulling out from the field as the machine progresses while rotating so that the roots of heading vegetables (eg cabbage) vegetated in the field are clamped from both left and right sides. , And the carrying parts 6b, 6b for carrying the heading vegetables pulled out by the pulling parts 6a, 6a in a state where the rhizomes are sandwiched and carrying them obliquely upward and rearward of the machine body. This transport section 6
The re-cutting device 7 is continuously provided at the conveyance end portions of b and 6b. Below the end of the re-cutting device 7, the lateral feed conveyor 10 having an open transport end is disposed, and further, behind the lateral feed conveyor 10, there is housed a bulb portion C obtained by cutting the rhizome and the lower leaf c. A forklift-shaped container mounting portion 12 on which the container 11 as a storage portion is mounted is provided so as to be vertically movable.

The re-cutting device 7 is supported in a slightly tilted shape, and its tip is conveyed by the conveyors 6b, 6 of the screw conveyors 6, 6.
A pair of left and right screw conveyors 13 and 13 connected to the transportation end portion of b, and a root portion and a lower leaf of the rhizome of the heading vegetables that are provided so as to rotate along the upper surfaces of the screw conveyors 13 and 13. Of the disc-shaped cutting blade 14 for cutting the sheet and the pair of endless wide belts for sandwiching and transporting both sides of the heading vegetables being transported, and the sandwiching / transport belts 15, 15. Above the start end side, the posture control belt 16 is composed of an endless belt that is swingably supported in the vertical direction and that controls the posture by pressing the upper portion (top portion) of the heading vegetables being conveyed. The screw conveyors 6, 6 and 13, 13
Are adapted to receive power from their respective base ends and face each other to rotate inward.

The lateral feed conveyor 10 is inclined so that its front side is higher and its rear side is lower with respect to the machine body, and is rotated by a tilt angle adjusting mechanism 10b about a fulcrum 10a provided below the tilt, and its tilt angle is adjusted. Is adjustable. Then, the bulb portion C discharged onto the conveyor 10 is inclined at such an angle that it rolls under its own weight, and the container 11 is opened below the inclination of the lateral feed conveyor 10. In addition, a separating plate 10c that allows passage of the rolling ball portion C and prevents passage of the lower leaf c below the inclined lower portion of the lateral feed conveyor 10.
Is provided. The separation plate 10c is composed of an elastic plate body such as a rubber plate.

Pull-out section 6 of screw conveyors 6 and 6
At both left and right ends of the tip portions of a and 6a, scraping wheels 17 and 17 that rotate horizontally inward toward each other and scrape the heading vegetables growing in the field toward the pull-out portions 6a and 6a.
Is provided. These scraping wheels 17, 17 are
The screw conveyors 6 and 6 are supported so as to be inclined forward and to be movable in a predetermined range in the left-right direction and the horizontal direction with a center line substantially parallel to the axis of the pull-out portions 6a, 6a sandwiched therebetween.

The conveyors 6b of the screw conveyors 6 and 6,
Below the front part of 6b, a disc-shaped cutting blade 18 for cutting the root part of the lower end of the rhizome of the heading vegetables conveyed by the screw conveyors 6, 6 is provided. The rear ends of the support frames 19, 19 supporting the screw conveyors 6, 6, the scraping wheels 17, 17 and the like are pivotally supported by a pivot shaft 20 so as to be vertically rotatable with respect to the machine body. A hydraulic cylinder 21 is interposed between the lower side of the support frames 19 and 19 and the machine body, and the screw conveyors 6 and 6, the support frames 19 and 19, and the scraping operation are performed by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 21. The harvesting parts such as the wheels 17 and 17 rotate around the rotation shaft 20 and rotate up and down (elevate).

Corresponding to the conveying portions of the screw conveyors 6 and 6, there is provided a holding belt 22 which is an endless belt and holds the headed vegetables to be conveyed from above. The presser belt 22 connects the support frames 19 and 19 with the gate-shaped frames 23 and 24 at the front and rear portions thereof,
The gate-shaped frames 23 and 24 are supported so as to be movable in the front-back and up-down directions. The moving speed of the press belt 22 and the rotating speed of the screw conveyors 6 and 6, that is, the moving speed of the headed vegetables are synchronized. Further, the screw conveyors 13, 13 of the re-cutting device 7, the sandwiching / conveying belts 15, 15, and the attitude control belt 16 are also synchronized in the same manner.

Pull-out section 6 of screw conveyors 6 and 6
Guide wheels 25 are provided at the lateral positions of a and 6a near the center of the machine body so as to come into contact with the groove portion of the ridge for cultivating headed vegetables and rotate, and to receive a reaction force for pulling out headed vegetables. The guide wheel 25 is vertically adjustable and horizontally adjustable.
Then, when the machine body travels, the machine body also rolls on the groove portion of the heading vegetable ridge to automatically steer the machine body along the ridge.
Further, the vertical movement adjustment and the horizontal movement adjustment of the guide wheel 25 can be performed according to the height and width of the heading vegetable cultivation ridge.

In the container mounting portion 12, two fork-shaped mounting bases are supported by a vertical frame composed of a pair of left and right channel members, linked to an elevating mechanism 26 via rollers, chains, etc., and not shown. An elevating device that can be moved up and down by expanding and contracting the hydraulic cylinder is configured. Then, the container 1 containing the bulb portion from which the rhizome and the lower leaf have been removed
1 is placed and moved up and down according to the storage amount thereof, and is also used for cargo handling work of the container 11. The container 11 used here has about 20 bulbs.
It is large enough to accommodate 0 kg. Further, the container mounting portion 12 has a structure that can be housed on the machine side by rotating upward from the base end portion thereof.

In the transmission 5 that receives power from the engine 3 to change gears, a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) that continuously changes gears and a speed change gear are used to change the speed continuously and continuously. The power transmission is connected and disconnected via a differential device to allow the crawlers 2 and 2 to travel continuously and stepwise. A brake device is also provided in association with the differential device. Then, when the steering lever is largely operated, the side clutch, the differential mechanism, and the brake are operated to spin the aircraft.

Screw conveyors 6 and 6, presser belt 2
2, each rotation drive unit including the scraping wheel 17,
The rotation speed and movement speed can be adjusted continuously and stepwise, and by combining this with stepless or stepwise variable speed running of the crawlers 2 and 2, the work speed for harvesting headed vegetables can be freely set. It is possible. In addition, the screw conveyor 6,
6, the presser belt 22, the scraping wheels 17, 17 and the like extend the hydraulic cylinder 21 to rotate the harvesting section about the rotation axis 20 during traveling on the road or during turning work at the end of the field, and the tip side With the vehicle raised, it makes it easier to run on the road and turns the headland in a smaller area.

Between the ends of the screw conveyors 13 and 13 and the transverse feed conveyor 10, a space 27 communicating with the lower part of the machine body is formed, and a chute 28, which also functions as an engine cover and communicates with the field scene, is provided in this space 27. The screw conveyors 13, 13 and the nipping / conveying belts 15,
From the heading vegetables conveyed by 15, the rhizomes and lower leaves cut by the cutting blade 14 are dropped onto the field. The rhizome and the lower leaf c that have not fallen from the space 27 fall on the transverse feed conveyor 10 together with the bulb C, and the bulb C rolls due to its own weight in the process of being conveyed by the transverse conveyer 10. Thus, the separation leaf 10c is passed over and the container 11 is accommodated, and the lower leaf c is discharged to the field from the end of the lateral feed conveyor 10.

Next, the operation of the headed vegetable harvester 1 constructed as described above will be described. The heading vegetable harvester 1
For example, when performing harvesting work in a field where cabbage, which is a heading vegetable, is cultivated, a guide wheel 25 is provided according to the ridges.
Up and down, and right and left to contract the hydraulic cylinder 21 to lower the front part of the harvesting section, with the guide wheel 25 in contact with the groove of the cultivation ridge, the scraping wheels 17, 1
7, the screw conveyors 6 and 6, the pressing belt 22, the re-cutting device 7, the lateral feed conveyor 10, and the like are rotationally driven, and the crawlers 2 and 2 cause the cultivation ridges to travel. Then, the cabbage vegetated on the cultivation ridges is scraped by the scraping wheels 17, 17 and the rhizomes are clamped from both sides by the pull-out portions 6a, 6a of the screw conveyors 6, 6 to rotate the pull-out portions 6a, 6a. And it is pulled out by the traveling of the aircraft and sent to the rear without stagnation.

Then, the cabbage pulled out by the pulling-out portions 6a, 6a is conveyed rearward and taken over by the conveying portions 6b, 6b, and is conveyed so as to rise rearward of the machine body at a steep angle. In this carrying process, the cabbage is pressed from above by the pressing belt 22 and moves in a stable posture, and the root part is cut by the cutting blade 18 from the rhizome part which is sandwiched and carried by the carrying parts 6b, 6b during its movement. . The presser belt 22 can be moved up and down and can be moved in parallel to the front and back. The presser belt 22 is accurately pressed according to the cabbage size, interval, etc. to correct the posture for reliable conveyance, and the cutting blade 18 allows the root portion of the root of the cabbage C to be conveyed. Is cut in place.

Further, the harvesting parts such as the screw conveyors 6, 6, the scraping wheels 17, 17 and the press belt 22 are
Since the rear end of the support frame 19 is rotatable by the rotary shaft 20 and the front end side is supported by the guide wheel 25, the front side of the screw conveyors 6, 6 is lightened by freeing the hydraulic cylinder 21. Since it is supported, it is supported in a floating state by the guide wheels 25 and quickly follows the unevenness of the field, so that highly accurate harvesting work is performed. The cabbage discharged from the conveying end portions of the clew conveyors 6 and 6 is taken over by the re-cutting device 7.

In the re-cutting device 7, the root portion of the cabbage C which is sandwiched and conveyed by the conveyors 6b and 6b of the screw conveyors 6 and 6 is taken over by the screw conveyors 13 and 13, and at the same time both sides of the cabbage are clamped and conveyed. The cabbage is sandwiched between the conveyor belts 15 and 15, and the upper portion (top portion) of the cabbage is pressed by the posture control belt 16 so that the cabbage is conveyed in a posture-controlled state. Is disconnected. The cut stem trunk and lower leaves are guided from the conveying end of the screw conveyors 13 and 13 through the space 27 to the chute 28 and discharged to the harvested field or groove.

The root portion and the lower lobe c which have not fallen from the bulb portion C and the space 27 where the root and base of the rhizome section have been cut off are conveyed from the end of conveyance of the sandwiching / conveying belts 15 and 15 to the transverse feed conveyor 10. In the process of falling onto the horizontal feed conveyor 10 and being conveyed by the horizontal feed conveyor 10, the bulb portion C rolls by its own weight, gets over the separation plate 10c, and is automatically accommodated in the container 11, and the lower leaf c is transferred to the horizontal feed conveyor 10. It is discharged to the field from the end of transportation. Therefore, step 9 for the sorter
The sorting operator on the top may monitor the container 11 and the trouble on the lateral feed conveyor 10. When the amount of the bulb portion C accommodated in the container 11 is small, the container placing portion 12 is moved up to approach the lateral feed conveyor 10 and is lowered as the amount thereof is increased. Reduces damage over time.

When the bulb portion C in the container 11 is full, the harvesting operation is interrupted, and the front side of the harvesting section is lifted by the hydraulic cylinder 21. To the new container 11
Place and restart the harvesting work. Container 1 unloaded
The bulb portion C in 1 is boxed and shipped by another worker.

[0028]

As described above, the heading vegetable harvester of the present invention has the following effects. ． The horizontal feed conveyor is tilted at an angle such that the front side is higher and the rear side is lower than the machine body, and the ball heads discharged onto the conveyor roll under their own weight, and the container is opened below the tilt of the horizontal feed conveyor. As a result, the head portion discharged together with the lower leaf onto the horizontal feed conveyor rolls under the inclination of the horizontal feed conveyor by its own weight and can be automatically accommodated in the container.

.. Since the tilt angle of the horizontal conveyor can be adjusted, the tilt angle of the conveyor is adjusted so that the bulb part rolls by its own weight according to the type and size of the heading vegetables to be harvested. Can be housed in

[0030] Since the separation plate that allows the passage of the rolling ball portion is allowed and the passage of the lower leaf is blocked at the lower inclined portion of the horizontal feed conveyor, only the ball portion is accommodated in the container from the horizontal feed conveyor, and the lower leaf is It can be discharged to the field from the end of the horizontal conveyor. ． Since the separating plate is composed of elastic plates, the bulbs can be accommodated in the container without overcoming the elastic plates, and the lower leaves can be prevented from falling by the elastic plates and transferred from the end of the horizontal conveyor to the field. Can be released.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a headed vegetable harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Heading Vegetable Harvester 2 Crawler 3 Engine 4 Hydraulic Pump 5 Transmission including Hydraulic Continuously Variable Transmission (HST) 6,13 Screw Conveyor 6a Extraction Part 6
b Conveying unit 7 Re-cutting device 8 Driver's seat 9 Step for sorting operator 10 Horizontal feed conveyor 10a Support point 10b Inclination angle adjusting mechanism 10c Separation plate 11 Container 12 Container placing part (elevating device) 14, 18 Cutting blade 15 Niping / conveying Belt 16 Posture control belt 17 Scraping wheel 19 Support frame 20 Rotating shaft 21 Hydraulic cylinder 22 Presser belt 23, 24 Gate frame 25 Guide wheel 26 Lifting mechanism 27 Space part 28 Chute C Ball part c Lower leaf

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Hiroaki Toshi, Inventor Hiroaki Toshi, 684 Nakatate, Okayama-shi, Okayama Kobashi Kogyo Co., Ltd. (72) Toshiyuki Obuchi, 684 Nakatate, Okayama-shi, Okayama Kobashi Kogyo Co., Ltd. (72) ) Inventor Takeshi Kobashi 684 Nakamata, Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture Kobashi Kogyo Co., Ltd. Tsukasa Nagaki 1-40, Nisshin-cho, Omiya-shi, Saitama, Japan Research Institute for Specified Industrial Technology (72) Hideo Kainuma 1-40, Nisshin-cho, Omiya-shi, Saitama 2 (72) Inventor Toyama Yamazaki 64 Ishizukita-machi, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Kubota Sakai Plant Co., Ltd. (72) Hiromi Togawa, Oyamazaki-cho, Otokuni-gun, Kyoto Prefecture En-en-ji Temple Small number 16 Kamata Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. Central Technology Research Institute (72) Inventor Shigeru Nakata Oyamazaki-cho, Otokuni-gun, Kyoto Character Enmyoji Small Kamata 16 Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. Central Technology Research Center (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Fukuda Susumu 16 Yamanaka Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd., Oyamazaki-cho, Oyamazaki-cho, Kyoto Prefecture Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Nakabayashi 16 Enmyoji Kamada, Oyamazaki-cho, Otokuni-gun, Kyoto Prefecture Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. In-house

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An apparatus equipped with a pair of right and left crawlers, which is pulled out from the field as the machine progresses while rotating so as to sandwich the rhizomes of heading vegetables vegetated in the field from both left and right sides. , Provided with a pair of left and right screw conveyors that convey toward the rear of the machine body, with a re-cutting device and a horizontal feed conveyor that are continuous to this screw conveyor, and in a heading vegetable harvester in which a container is arranged behind the horizontal feed conveyor , The horizontal feed conveyor is inclined at an angle such that the front side is higher and the rear side is lower with respect to the machine body, and the bulb portion discharged onto the conveyor rolls due to its own weight, and the container is provided below the inclination of the horizontal feed conveyor. A headed vegetable harvester characterized by the opening of. 2. The headed vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle of the lateral feed conveyor is adjustable. 3. A separating plate is provided below the inclined portion of the transverse feeding conveyor, and a separating plate is provided which allows passage of rolling ball portions and prevents passage of lower leaves.
The heading vegetable harvester described. 4. The headed vegetable harvester according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the separation plate is made of an elastic plate.