JP3305795B2 - Head vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a small-sized riding type headed vegetable harvesting machine having a screw conveyor for harvesting headed vegetables such as cabbage, Chinese cabbage, and lettuce from a field and transporting the headed vegetables.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various types of head vegetable harvesting machines for harvesting head vegetables have been proposed. For example, in the front part of the machine, a pulling part that pulls out the head of the head vegetable that is vegetated in the field while pulling it out of the field as the body progresses while rotating so as to sandwich it from the left and right sides, The applicant of the present invention has proposed a pair of left and right screw conveyors, each of which includes a conveying unit that conveys the paper toward the end of the conveying unit, in which a path from the front end of the drawing unit to the end of the conveying unit is divided into a plurality of sets of spiral shafts.

[0003]

The screw conveyor of the above-mentioned head vegetable harvester has a plurality of sets of helical shafts, each of which has a drawn-out section and a conveying section which are continuously and long integrally formed, so that the harvest is almost constant. Because it is transported at the speed of
For example, there is a problem in that the harvested product may not be smoothly transported when the harvested product is taken over from the extraction unit to the transport unit, or when the inclination angle is steep. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to a method for rotating a body in a front part of the body while rotating a rhizome of a head vegetable vegetated in a field from both right and left sides. With the progress of the pulling out of the field, in the head vegetable harvesting machine provided with a pair of left and right screw conveyor to transport toward the rear of the machine, the screw conveyor, the path from the front end of the drawing unit to the end of the conveying unit to a plurality of sets of spiral shafts When a continuous conveyor is constructed by connecting a plurality of sets of helical shafts in series and dividing them, by changing the helical pitch of each helical shaft, the feed speed of the crop is changed. It is characterized by having done.

[0005]

With the above construction, the screw conveyer of the head cropping machine according to the present invention divides the path from the front end of the drawing section to the end of the conveying section into a plurality of sets of spiral shafts, and connects the divided sets of spiral shafts in series. When forming a continuous conveyor, if the divided spiral shafts have different spiral pitches,
By, since to change the feeding speed of the crop, can be different for each plurality of sets of helical axes obtained by dividing the feed rate of the crop, conveying the crop at an appropriate rate, screw conveyor The overall function is improved.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a head vegetable harvester, and the head vegetable harvester 1 includes crawlers 2 and 2 that form a left-right pair and enable spin rotation. An engine 3 is mounted at a substantially central portion of the fuselage between the crawlers 2 and 2, and a lower front position of the engine 3
A transmission 5 including a hydraulic pump 4 and a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) is mounted, and power is transmitted from the engine 3. Further, a pair of left and right screw conveyors 6 and 6 for extracting head vegetables vegetated in the field and transporting them rearward are arranged diagonally from the lower front of the fuselage through the transmission 5 to the upper center of the fuselage. The screw conveyors 6, 6 pivotally support a base end so as to move up and down a front portion. A control section 7 is provided on the side of the engine 3.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 10, the screw conveyors 6 and 6 rotate while holding the rhizomes of head vegetables (eg, cabbage) vegetated in a field from both the left and right sides, and rotate the screw conveyors. A pull-out unit 6a that pulls out from the field as the process progresses, and a first transport unit 6b and a second transport unit 6c that transport the headed vegetables pulled out by the pull-out unit 6a obliquely upward and rearward of the body while taking over the rootstock. It is composed of This screw conveyor 6
A cutting table (processing space) 8 for cutting the rhizome from the transported head vegetables by human power is provided substantially at the center of the machine body facing the transport end. Behind the cutting table 8,
A forklift-shaped container mounting portion 10 for mounting a container 9 for accommodating the cut head vegetables is provided so as to be obliquely ascending and descending so as to approach the cutting table 8 at an upper portion and to be separated from the cutting table 8 at a lower portion. ing.

[0008] Pull-out portion 6a of screw conveyor 6
The front side is open in a figure-eight shape in a plane to facilitate introduction of a rhizome part of a head vegetable vegetated in a field, and a spindle-shaped guide body 11 having no screw at its tip, followed by a guide spiral body 11a And a drawing spiral body 11b which is connected to the guide spiral body 11a so as to be bent from the guide spiral body 11a so that the left and right ones are shifted back and forth. Also, the pull-out portion 6
Also, the connection position from a to the first transport unit 6b is shifted right and left. A cutting blade 12 is provided below the start end of the second conveyor 6c to cut the root of the head vegetables conveyed by the screw conveyors 6,6. On both sides of the screw conveyors 6, 6, supporting frames and transmission frames 14, 14 having a transmission shaft 13 therein are provided to rotatably support the screw conveyors 6, 6, and at the front of the pull-out portion 6a. Power is transmitted through a gear transmission mechanism 15. The support frame and transmission frame 14, 14 may be provided not only on the side of the screw conveyors 6, 6 but also above.

Rotation support members 16, 16 are fixed to both sides of the rear end of the support frame and transmission frame 14, and the rotation support members 16, 16 are pivotally supported by the body via a rotation shaft 17. ing. In addition, the supporting frame and transmission frame 1
A hydraulic cylinder 18 is interposed between the lower side of the machine 4 and the fuselage, and the screw conveyors 6, 6 and the supporting frame and transmission frame 14, 14 and the like are rotated by an extending / , And its front side moves up and down.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, a power transmission portion 19, which is transmitted by a transmission system from the engine 3, is provided at a rear end portion of the supporting frame and transmission frame 14, and this power transmission portion is provided. Power is transmitted from the motor 19 to the screw conveyor drive units 20 via a chain transmission system. From the screw conveyor drive units 20, 20,
Power is transmitted via gear transmission mechanisms 21, 22 to the transmission shafts 13, 13 mounted on the support frame and transmission frame 14, 14, and to the ends of the second conveyors 6 c, 6 c of the screw conveyors 6, respectively. The first transport units 6b, 6b are driven from the two transport units 6c, 6c. In addition, the pull-out portion 6a of the screw conveyors 6,6, the first
The transport section 6b and the second transport section 6c are configured independently of each other and can be replaced independently.

[0011] The pull-out portions 6a, which are transmitted from the transmission shafts 13, 13 through the gear transmission mechanisms 15, 15, are provided.
6a rotates outward, and the first transport unit 6b and the second transport unit 6c, which are transmitted from the screw conveyor drive units 20, 20 via the gear transmission mechanisms 21, 22, rotate inward together. Has become. The pull-out section 6a, the first transport section 6b, and the second transport section 6c rotate at rotation speeds suitable for their respective functions, and have different spiral turning directions and pitches. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the screw conveyor 6 has an a-degree (0 to 20 degrees) in the first half of the extraction unit 6a with respect to the horizontal line, and a b-degree (0 to 20 degrees) from the second half of the extraction unit 6a to the first conveyance unit 6b. 28 ±
5), and the second transport portion 6c is bent by c degrees (45 ± 10 degrees), and is connected by the universal joints 23 and 24 at the respective bent portions. Further, a bending transmission part 25 is formed on the supporting frame and transmission frame 14.

A pressing belt 26 is provided corresponding to the transporting portions of the screw conveyors 6 and 6 for pressing the transported head vegetables from above. The presser belt 26 connects the supporting frame and transmission frame 14, 14 with a portal frame 27 at the front thereof, and connects the portal frame 27 and the rear end of the support frame and transmission frame 14, 14 to each other. With respect to upper frames 29, 30 connected so as to straddle the vertical frames 28, 28, the rear portion of the support frame 26a is vertically and vertically moved by a pair of left and right link bodies 31, 31. The front part is elastically supported by a pair of left and right springs 32, 32. Presser belt 26
And the rotational speed of the screw conveyors 6, 6, ie, the moving speed of the head vegetables, is synchronized. The link members 31, 31 may be provided not only at the rear portion of the pressing belt 26 but also at an intermediate portion or a front portion.

On the outer peripheral surface of the pressing belt 26, plate-shaped scraping members 33, 33,... Made of a flexible member are provided at predetermined intervals. The scraping body 33 is not necessarily provided. Power is transmitted to the presser belt 26 from the shaft end of the screw conveyor drive unit 20 via a flexible tube (transmission mechanism) 34. Further, the power transmission to the cutting blade 12 is also performed by the flexible tube (transmission mechanism) 35 from the body side.
Is to be done through. The presser belt 26 can move up and down and back and forth within a predetermined range with respect to the screw conveyors 6 and 6, and the entire harvesting and transporting unit 36 including the presser belt 26 and the screw conveyors 6 and 6 rotates. Rotating around the shaft 17, the front side thereof can move up and down.

Pull-out part 6 of screw conveyors 6, 6
A pair of left and right guide wheels 37, 37 which contact and follow both sides of the head cultivation ridge and receive a pull-out reaction force of the head vegetables are arranged near the sides of the head cultivation ridges a, 6a. This guide wheel 3
Numeral 7 is connected to and supported by a vertical adjusting mechanism 38 provided between the upper frame 29 and the gate-shaped frame 27 via a linking member 39, is also capable of adjusting the lateral width, and has a camber angle. are doing. The guide wheels 37, 37 roll on both sides of the head cultivation ridge as the machine travels to automatically steer the machine, and a maneuver (turn) operation at the field end by one worker and cutting at the cutting table 8 are performed. Working and enabling. In addition, vertical movement adjustment and left and right width adjustment of the guide wheels 37, 37 are performed according to the height and width of the head cultivation ridge.

A step 40 is provided behind the control section 7 and beside the cutting table 8 and on which an operator rides.
A seat 41 is provided in a part thereof. Except for performing the steering (steering) operation in the control unit 7 when turning at the field end, most of the harvesting operation is performed by the guide wheels 37, 37.
Is in contact with and follows both sides of the head cultivation ridge, and is almost automatically steered. The operator is exclusively conveyed by the screw conveyors 6, 6 and the holding belt 26, and is directed toward the cutting table 8 from the conveyance end. From the discharged head vegetables, the process of cutting the rhizome with a kitchen knife or the like is performed.
The cut head vegetables are stored in the container 9 placed on the container placement unit 10.

The container mounting section 10 includes two fork-shaped mounting tables on a slanted frame 42 made of a pair of left and right channel materials provided in a forwardly inclined state behind the cutting table 8, and rollers (not shown). It is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 43 via a chain, and is supported so as to be able to move up and down by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 43 to constitute a lift device. Then, a container 9 containing head vegetables whose rhizomes have been cut is placed and moved up and down according to the amount of the container, and is also used for cargo handling work of the container 9. The container 9 used here is large enough to contain about 200 kg of head vegetables. Further, the container mounting portion 10 has a structure in which the container mounting portion 10 can be rotated upward from its base end and stored in the machine body.

In the transmission 5 which receives power from the engine 3 and shifts, a continuously variable hydraulic transmission (HST) that continuously changes the speed and a speed change gear are used to shift continuously and stepwise. The power transmission is connected and disconnected via a differential device so that the crawlers 2 and 2 can be stepped and stepped at variable speeds. Further, a brake device is provided in connection with the differential device. When the steering lever is largely operated, the side clutch, the differential mechanism, and the brake are operated to spin the aircraft.

The screw conveyors 6, 6 and the presser belt 26 are adjustable in speed with respect to their rotational speed and moving speed to be continuously variable and stepped, and can be combined with stepless or stepped variable speed traveling of the crawlers 2, 2. By doing so, the harvesting speed of the head vegetables can be freely set. Further, the screw conveyors 6, 6 and the presser belt 26 are extended in a state where the hydraulic cylinder 18 is extended and the rotary shaft 17 is rotated about the center during traveling on the road or turning work at the field end, and the tip side is raised. ,
This makes it easy to drive on the road and makes headland turns possible with a small area.

Next, the operation of the headless vegetable harvester 1 configured as described above will be described. Head cropping machine 1
For example, when performing a harvesting operation in a field where cabbage, which is a head vegetable, is grown, when the harvesting work is performed,
7, 37 is adjusted up and down by an up and down adjustment mechanism 38, and the width is adjusted. In the contact state, the screw conveyors 6 and 6 and the presser belt 26 are driven to rotate, and the crawlers 2 and 2 cause the machine body to travel. Then, the aircraft is guided by wheels 37, 3
7, the head vegetables are almost automatically steered and are vegetated in the cultivation ridges. The rhizomes are pinched from both sides by the drawn-out portions 6a, 6a of the screw conveyors 6, 6, and the rotation and the running of the machine are performed. And it is sent backward without stagnation.

The pull-out portions 6a, 6a are provided with guide bodies 11, 11 at the tips, so that they can be easily introduced into head vegetables. In addition, the rotating pull-out portions 6a, 6a are connected to the weeds growing in the field. Is prevented from being wound. The head vegetables pulled out by the pull-out portions 6a, 6a are taken over by the first transport portions 6b, 6b rotating inward, and then taken over by the second transport portions 6c, 6c, and rise at a steep angle toward the rear of the machine. Conveyed. In this transport process, the divided helical shafts are made to have different helical pitches.
Te, and are you to change the feeding speed of the heading vegetables, heading vegetable moves in a stable posture by being pressed by the pressing belt 26 from above, the cutting roots of its travel halfway heading vegetables by the cutting blade 12 Is done.

The presser belt 26 has its front end suspended by an upper frame 29 by a spring 32 and can be moved up and down and in parallel by a link 31. In addition, at the portions corresponding to the screw conveyors 6, 6, the pushing members 33, 33 are provided. , So that it can be pressed properly according to the size, spacing, etc. of the head vegetables to correct the posture and more reliably transported, and the cutting blade 12 cuts the root of the head vegetables at a fixed position. . Further, since the power transmission to the holding belt 26 is performed by the flexible tube 35, the holding belt 26 can freely move up and down and move in parallel within a predetermined range.

The harvesting / transporting section 36 such as the screw conveyors 6, 6 and the presser belt 26 has a support frame and transmission frame 14, the rear ends of which are rotatable by a rotary shaft 17, and the front end side of which is a guide wheel. Since they are supported by 37, 37, the front sides of the screw conveyors 6, 6 are very lightly supported, and can quickly follow the unevenness of the field in a floating state, thereby performing highly accurate harvesting work. . In addition, since the power transmission to the cutting blade 12 is also performed from the machine body side via the flexible tube 35, the up-and-down movement of the entire harvesting / transporting unit 36 is also smoothly performed, and a stable harvesting operation is performed.

The head vegetables discharged from the conveying end portions of the screw conveyors 6 and 6 are brought to the cutting table 8. Then, the operator cuts stem stems, lower leaves, and the like from the head vegetables with a kitchen knife or the like and processes them. The cut stems and lower leaves are released into the field. The cut head vegetables are stored in the container 9 placed on the container placement unit 10 so as to be thrown. At this time, when the amount of head vegetables contained in the container 9 is small, the container placing portion 10 is raised,
By lowering as the amount increases, the damage at the time of throwing in and dropping head vegetables is reduced.

The container mounting part 10 includes a hydraulic cylinder 43
As a result, the aircraft can be raised and lowered in an oblique direction with respect to the fuselage. Therefore, by moving up and approaching the fuselage, the center of gravity of the fuselage can be moved toward the center of the fuselage to obtain stable traveling performance. Further, when the head vegetables in the container 9 are full, the harvesting operation is suspended, and the machine body is lifted up by the hydraulic cylinder 18 and the front side of the harvesting and transporting unit 36 is lifted, or the harvesting is already finished. The user moves to the place, unloads the container 9 by the container mounting unit 10, mounts a new container 9, and resumes the harvesting operation. The head vegetables in the container 9 that has been unloaded are boxed and shipped by another worker.

Here, the headless vegetable harvesting machine 1 has a transmission 5 in front of the crawlers 2 and 2, an engine 3, an operation unit 7 and a processing space 8 in a substantially central part, and a container mounting part in the rear. By arranging 10, the balance of front and rear, right and left of the body is improved, workability and work accuracy are improved, and traveling, turning performance and stability of the body are improved. In addition, the crawlers 2 and 2 are configured to be capable of spin rotation, and the transmission 5 is arranged in the center portion on the front side of the fuselage. Therefore, when the fuselage performs the spin rotation, the fuselage can be rotated in either direction to the left or right. Therefore, the crawlers 2 and 2 do not greatly scrape the soil of the field.

The spiral direction, pitch, rotation direction, and rotation speed of the pull-out section 6a, the first transport section 6b, and the second transport section 6c of the screw conveyors 6, 6 in the above-described embodiment are set in a state suitable for each function. Therefore, proper extraction and transport of head vegetables are performed. Further, since the pull-out section 6a, the first transport section 6b, and the second transport section 6c are driven by separate power transmission systems, their respective rotation speeds can be changed, and more appropriate adjustments can be made by adjusting them. You can also do work. Further, the pull-out section 6a and the first transport section 6
b and the second transport section 6c are each composed of a plurality of spiral shafts, so that if any of them is damaged,
Only damaged ones need to be replaced.

[0027]

As described above, according to the headed vegetable harvesting machine of the present invention, the screw conveyor divides the path from the front end of the drawing section to the end of the transport section into a plurality of sets of spiral shafts and splits the plurality of sets. When a continuous conveyor is constructed by connecting a series of spiral shafts, the divided spiral shafts are
By changing the spiral pitch, the feed rate of the crop is changed, so the feed rate of the crop can be changed as appropriate for each of the multiple sets of spiral axes, and the crop is adjusted according to each part. At a high speed, and the function of the entire screw conveyor can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an entire head vegetable harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a screw conveyor part.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow A in FIGS. 5 and 6;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along arrow B in FIGS. 5 and 6;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow C in FIGS. 5 and 6;

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along arrow D in FIGS. 5 and 6;

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Head Vegetable Harvester 2 Crawler 3 Engine 4 Hydraulic Pump 5 Transmission 6 Screw Conveyor 6a Extraction Unit 6b First Transport Unit 6c Second Transport Unit 7 Operating Unit 8 Cutting Table (Processing Space) 9 Container 10 Container Placement Unit (Lift Device) 11) Guide body 11a Guide spiral body 11b Pull-out spiral body 12 Cutting blade 13 Transmission shaft 14 Support frame and transmission frame 15, 21, 22 Gear transmission mechanism 16 Rotation support member 17 Rotation shaft 18, 43 Hydraulic cylinder 19 Power transmission unit 20 Screw Conveyor drive unit 23, 24 Universal joint 25 Bending transmission unit 26 Pressing belt 26a Support frame 27 Gate frame 28 Vertical frame 29, 30 Upper frame 31 Link body 32 Spring 33 Raised body 34, 35 Flexible tube ( Angle of inclination of a moving mechanism) 36 harvest transport portion 37 guide wheel 38 up and down adjustment mechanism 39 interlocking member 40 steps 41 seat 42 inclined frame a~c horizontal plane

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 45/26

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pair of left and right for pulling out rhizomes of head vegetables vegetated in a field from the left and right sides while rotating and pulling the rhizomes from the field along the front of the body and transporting them toward the rear of the body. In the head vegetable harvesting machine provided with a screw conveyor, the screw conveyor is divided into a plurality of sets of spiral shafts from the leading end of the drawing part to the end of the conveying unit, and a plurality of sets of the divided spiral shafts are connected in series. When constructing a continuous conveyor, the divided helical shafts have different helical pitches.
A head vegetable harvester characterized by changing the feed rate of the crop by causing the crop to grow .