JPH06237627A - Harvester for vegetable with formed head - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To carry a harvested product at a proper speed by dividing a pair of screw conveyers into plural pairs of spiral shafts in a pathway from the front end of pulling out part to the final end of carrying part and changing spiral pitch and feed rate. CONSTITUTION:A pair of screw conveyers 6 and 6 is divided into a pulling out part 6a, the first carrying part 6b and the second carrying part 6c and turning direction and pitch of spirals are changed and the shafts are each rotated at proper numbers of rotation. The power is transmitted from power transmission part 19 from an engine through screw conveyer driving parts 20 and 20 to transmission shafts 13 and 13 and transmitted from the conveyer driving parts 20 and 20 to the carrying parts 6a and 6c and transmitted from the transmission shaft 13 to the pulling out part 6a. The pulling out part 6a and carrying parts 6b and 6c are each independently exchangeable.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a small-sized riding-type vegetable harvesting machine characterized by a screw conveyor for harvesting and transporting bulbous vegetables such as cabbage, Chinese cabbage, and lettuce from a field.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various types of heading vegetable harvesters have been proposed for harvesting heading vegetables. For example, in the front part of the machine, the rhizomes of heading vegetables vegetated in the field are pinched from the left and right sides while rotating and pulling out the part from the field as the machine progresses, and the pulled out heading vegetables from the back of the machine. The present applicant has proposed that a pair of left and right screw conveyors, each of which has a conveying section that conveys the sheet to a sheet, are provided by dividing the path from the front end of the pulling section to the end of the conveying section into a plurality of sets of spiral shafts.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION In the screw conveyor of the above-mentioned headed vegetable harvester, a pulling portion and a conveying portion divided into a plurality of sets of spiral shafts are continuously and integrally formed to obtain a substantially constant harvested product. Since it is transported at the speed of
For example, there is a problem that the harvested product may not be transported smoothly when the harvested product is handed over from the extraction unit to the transport unit, or when the inclination angle is steep. The present invention is intended to solve the above problems.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is to rotate a machine body in front of the machine body so that the rhizomes of the heading vegetables vegetated in the field are clamped from both left and right sides. In the heading vegetable harvester provided with a pair of left and right screw conveyors that are pulled out from the field and conveyed toward the rear of the machine, the screw conveyor has a path from the front end of the withdrawal section to the end of the transfer section with multiple sets of spiral shafts. When connecting multiple sets of divided spiral shafts in series to form a continuous conveyor, the divided spiral shafts are formed in a spiral pitch to suit each function, and the feed rate of the harvest is changed. It is characterized by doing so.

[0005]

According to the screw conveyor of the headed vegetable harvester of the present invention having the above-described structure, the path from the front end of the pulling section to the end of the conveying section is divided into a plurality of spiral shafts, and the plurality of divided spiral shafts are connected in series. When constructing a continuous conveyor, the divided spiral axes were formed into a spiral pitch to suit each function and the feed rate of the harvest was changed, so the feed rate of the harvest was divided. It can be changed for multiple sets of spiral axes, and the harvested product can be conveyed at an appropriate speed to improve the function of the entire screw conveyor.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 4, reference numeral 1 is a headed vegetable harvesting machine, and the headed vegetable harvesting machine 1 is equipped with crawlers 2 and 2 which form a left-right pair and are capable of spin rotation. An engine 3 is mounted in the center of the fuselage between the crawlers 2 and 2.
A hydraulic pump 4 and a transmission 5 including a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) are mounted, and power is transmitted from the engine 3. In addition, a pair of left and right screw conveyors 6, 6 are arranged in a diagonal direction from the lower front part of the machine body through the transmission 5 to the upper center part of the machine body to remove the heading vegetables vegetated in the field and convey them backward. The screw conveyors 6 and 6 are pivotally supported at their base ends so as to vertically move the front portion. A control unit 7 is provided on the side of the engine 3.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 10, the screw conveyors 6 and 6 rotate while holding the rhizomes of heading vegetables (eg cabbage) vegetated in the field from both left and right sides. With the progress, the pulling-out portion 6a that pulls out from the field, and the first transporting portion 6b and the second transporting portion 6c that carry over the heading vegetables that have been pulled out by the pulling-out portion 6a while holding the rhizomes therebetween and transport them diagonally upward and rearward of the machine It consists of and. This screw conveyor 6
A cutting table (processing space) 8 for cutting the rhizomes from the conveyed heading vegetables by human power is provided in the substantially central portion of the machine body facing the transportation end portion. Behind the cutting board 8,
A forklift-shaped container mounting portion 10 on which the container 9 for storing the cut-and-cured headed vegetables is mounted is provided so as to be able to move up and down diagonally so as to approach the cutting table 8 at the upper part and separate from the cutting table 8 at the lower part. ing.

The pull-out portion 6a of the screw conveyor 6
The front side is open in a figure eight shape in a plane and facilitates the introduction of the rhizome of the heading vegetables vegetated in the field, and the spindle-shaped guide body 11 without a screw at its tip, and subsequently the guide spiral body 11a. A pull-out spiral body 11b is provided, which is bent from the guide spiral body 11a and is connected so that left and right things are displaced forward and backward. Also, the pull-out portion 6
Regarding the connection position from a to the first transport unit 6b, the left and right connection positions are also shifted back and forth. Below the starting end of the second conveyor 6c, a cutting blade 12 for cutting the root of the headed vegetables conveyed by the screw conveyors 6 is provided. On both sides of the screw conveyors 6 and 6, support frames and transmission frames 14 and 14 having a transmission shaft 13 therein are provided to rotatably support the screw conveyors 6 and 6 and in front of the pull-out portion 6a. Power is transmitted through the gear transmission mechanism 15. The support frame and transmission frame 14, 14 may be provided not only on the side of the screw conveyors 6, 6 but also on the upper side.

Rotational support members 16 and 16 are fixed to both sides of the rear ends of the support and transmission frames 14 and 14, and the rotation support members 16 and 16 are pivotally supported by the machine body via a rotation shaft 17. ing. Support frame and transmission frame 1
A hydraulic cylinder 18 is interposed between the lower side of the vehicle 4 and the machine body, and the screw conveyors 6 and 6, the support frame / transmission frames 14 and 14 and the like are rotated by a rotating shaft 17 by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 18. The front part side is moved up and down by turning around.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, a power transmission unit 19 for transmitting power by a transmission system from the engine 3 is provided at the rear ends of the support and transmission frames 14 and 14, and this power transmission unit is used. Power is transmitted from 19 to the screw conveyor drive units 20, 20 via the chain transmission system. From the screw conveyor drive unit 20, 20,
Power is transmitted to the ends of the transmission shafts 13 and 13 installed in the support and transmission frames 14 and 14 and the second conveyors 6c and 6c of the screw conveyors 6 and 6 via the gear transmission mechanisms 21 and 22, respectively. The second transport units 6c and 6c drive the first transport units 6b and 6b. Also, the pull-out portion 6a of the screw conveyors 6, 6
The transport section 6b and the second transport section 6c are independently configured and can be independently replaced.

Then, the pull-out portion 6a for transmitting power from the transmission shafts 13, 13 through the gear transmission mechanisms 15, 15.
6a both rotate outward, so that the first conveyor 6b and the second conveyor 6c, to which power is transmitted from the screw conveyor drive units 20 and 20 via the gear transmission mechanisms 21 and 22, both rotate inward. Has become. Further, the pull-out section 6a, the first transfer section 6b, and the second transfer section 6c rotate at rotation speeds suitable for their respective functions, and have different spiral turning directions and pitches. Further, in the screw conveyor 6, as shown in FIG. 6, the front half of the pull-out portion 6a is a degrees (0 to 20 degrees) with respect to the horizontal line, and the rear half of the pull-out portion 6a to the first transport portion 6b is b degrees ( 28 ±
5 degrees), the second transport section 6c is bent by c degrees (45 ± 10 degrees), and is connected by universal joints 23 and 24 at each bent section. Further, a bending transmission portion 25 is formed on the support frame / transmission frame 14.

Corresponding to the conveying portions of the screw conveyors 6 and 6, there is provided a holding belt 26 for pressing the conveyed headed vegetables from above. The presser belt 26 connects the support frames / transmission frames 14 and 14 at the front portion thereof with a gate-shaped frame 27, and connects the gate-shaped frame 27 and the rear ends of the support frames / transmission frames 14 and 14 in a left-right pair. Vertical frames 28, 28, and upper frames 29, 30 connected so as to straddle between the vertical frames 28, 28, the rear portion of the support frame 26a is vertically and longitudinally formed by a pair of left and right link bodies 31, 31. It is supported so as to be capable of parallel movement and rotation, and the front part is elastically supported by a pair of left and right springs 32, 32. Presser belt 26
And the rotation speed of the screw conveyors 6 and 6, that is, the movement speed of the headed vegetables are synchronized. The link bodies 31 and 31 may be provided not only in the rear portion of the press belt 26 but also in the intermediate portion or the front portion.

On the outer peripheral surface of the pressing belt 26, plate-like scraping bodies 33, 33, ... Made of a flexible member are provided at predetermined intervals. The scraping body 33 does not necessarily have to be provided. The power transmission to the pressing belt 26 is performed from the shaft end portion of the screw conveyor drive unit 20 via a flexible tube (transmission mechanism) 34. Furthermore, the power transmission to the cutting blade 12 is also performed by the flexible tube (transmission mechanism) 35 from the machine body side.
It is supposed to be done through. The pressing belt 26 can be moved up and down and back and forth within a predetermined range with respect to the screw conveyors 6 and 6, and the entire harvesting and conveying section 36 constituted by the pressing belt 26 and the screw conveyors 6 and 6 can rotate. The front side can be moved up and down by rotating around the shaft 17.

Pull-out section 6 of screw conveyors 6 and 6
A pair of left and right guide wheels 37, 37 are provided near the sides of a and 6a so as to come into contact with and follow both sides of the headed vegetable cultivation ridge and receive a reaction force for pulling out headed vegetables. This guide wheel 3
7 is connected to and supported by an up-down adjustment mechanism 38 provided between the upper frame 29 and the gate-shaped frame 27 via a connecting member 39. Further, the left-right width can be adjusted and a camber angle is provided. is doing. Then, as the machine runs, the guide wheels 37, 37 roll on both sides of the heading vegetable ridge to automatically steer the machine, and a manipulator (turning) operation at the end of the field and cutting at the cutting table 8 by one operator. Enable work and. Further, the vertical movement adjustment and the horizontal width adjustment of the guide wheels 37, 37 are performed according to the height and width of the heading vegetable cultivation ridge.

A step 40 on which an operator rides is provided behind the control section 7 and on the side of the cutting table 8, and
A seat 41 is provided in a part of it. Most of the harvesting work is performed by the guide wheels 37, 37 except that the operator performs a steering (steering) operation on the control unit 7 when turning at the field edge.
Touches both sides of the headed vegetable cultivation ridge, and is almost automatically steered, and the operator is exclusively conveyed by the screw conveyors 6 and 6 and the press belt 26, and from the end of the conveyance to the cutting table 8. From the discharged headed vegetables, the root cuttings are cut off with a knife.
The cut headed vegetables are stored in the container 9 placed on the container placing section 10.

In the container mounting portion 10, two fork-shaped mounting bases are provided on a tilted frame 42 formed by a pair of left and right channel members provided in the front of the cutting base 8 in a forwardly inclined shape, rollers (not shown), A lift device is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 43 via a chain and is supported so as to be able to move up and down by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 43. Then, the container 9 containing the bulb vegetables whose roots and roots have been cut is placed, and the container 9 is moved up and down according to the stored amount, and is also used for the cargo handling work of the container 9. The container 9 used here is large enough to accommodate about 200 kg of headed vegetables. Further, the container mounting portion 10 has a structure that can be housed on the side of the machine body by rotating upward from the base end portion thereof.

In the transmission 5 which receives power from the engine 3 and shifts gears, a continuously variable hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) and a shift gear are used to shift continuously and steplessly. The power transmission is connected and disconnected via a differential device to allow the crawlers 2 and 2 to travel continuously and stepwise. A brake device is also provided in association with the differential device. Then, when the steering lever is largely operated, the side clutch, the differential mechanism, and the brake are operated to spin the aircraft.

The screw conveyors 6 and 6 and the presser belt 26 can be adjusted to have a continuously variable speed and a variable speed with respect to the rotational speed and the moving speed thereof, and are combined with the continuously variable or stepwise variable speed traveling of the crawlers 2 and 2. By doing so, the harvesting speed of headed vegetables can be freely set. Further, the screw conveyors 6, 6 and the presser belt 26 are in a state in which the hydraulic cylinder 18 is extended and the rotary shaft 17 is rotated about the center to raise the tip end side when traveling on the road or turning work at the end of the field. ,
It makes it easy to drive on the road and turns headlands in a small area.

Next, the operation of the headed vegetable harvester 1 constructed as described above will be described. The heading vegetable harvester 1
For example, when performing a harvesting operation in a field where cabbage, which is a heading vegetable, is cultivated, the guide wheel 3 is used according to the cultivation ridge.
7, 37 are adjusted up and down by the up-down adjustment mechanism 38, and the left-right width is adjusted, the hydraulic cylinder 18 is contracted to lower the front part of the harvesting and conveying section 36, and the guide wheels 37, 37 are provided on both sides of the cultivation ridge. In the contact state, the screw conveyors 6 and 6 and the pressing belt 26 are rotationally driven, and the crawlers 2 and 2 run the machine body. Then, the aircraft will be guided by the guide wheels 37, 3
The heading vegetables that are almost automatically steered and run by 7 and are vegetated in the cultivation ridges are pinched from both sides by the pull-out parts 6a, 6a of the screw conveyors 6, 6 and are rotated outward and the machine body travels. It is pulled out by and sent to the back without stagnation.

Since the guides 11, 11 are provided at the tips of the pull-out portions 6a, 6a, they can be easily introduced into headed vegetables, and the weeds growing in the field can be attached to the rotating pull-out portions 6a, 6a. And the like are prevented from being wrapped around. The heading vegetables pulled out by the pulling portions 6a, 6a are taken over by the first conveying portions 6b, 6b which rotate inward, and then by the second conveying portions 6c, 6c, which rises at a steep angle toward the rear of the machine, Be transported. In this conveying process, the divided spiral shafts are formed in a spiral pitch so as to suit their respective functions, and the feeding speed of the headed vegetables is changed. Therefore, the headed vegetables are pressed by the pressing belt 26 from above. And moves in a stable posture, and the root of the headed vegetable is cut by the cutting blade 12 during the movement.

The front end side of the presser belt 26 is suspended by an upper frame 29 by a spring 32 and can be vertically moved and translated by a link body 31. Further, at a portion corresponding to the screw conveyors 6 and 6, the scraping bodies 33 and 33 are provided. Since it is scratched by ..., the posture of the headed vegetables is corrected by pressing the headed vegetables according to the size, interval, etc. of the headed vegetables, and more reliable conveyance is performed, and the root of the headed vegetables is cut at a fixed position by the cutting blade 12. . Further, since the power transmission to the pressing belt 26 is performed by the flexible tube 35, the pressing belt 26 can freely move up and down and move in parallel within a predetermined range.

Further, in the harvesting and conveying section 36 such as the screw conveyors 6 and 6 and the pressing belt 26, the rear ends of the supporting frames and transmission frames 14 and 14 are rotatable by the rotating shaft 17, and the front end side thereof is a guide wheel. Since it is supported by 37, 37, the front side of the screw conveyors 6, 6 is very lightly supported, and it is possible to quickly follow the unevenness of the field in the floating state and perform highly accurate harvesting work. . Further, since the power transmission to the cutting blade 12 is also performed from the machine body side through the flexible tube 35, the vertical movement of the entire harvesting and transporting section 36 is smoothly performed, and stable harvesting operation is performed.

The heading vegetables discharged from the conveying end portions of the clew conveyors 6 and 6 are brought to the cutting table 8. Then, the worker cuts the stem trunk, the lower leaves and the like from the heading vegetables with a kitchen knife or the like and processes them. The cut stem stem and lower leaves are released to the field. The cut headed vegetables are stored so as to be put into the container 9 placed on the container placing section 10. At this time, when the amount of heading vegetables stored in the container 9 is small, the container placing part 10 is raised,
By lowering the amount as the amount increases, the damage caused by throwing and dropping the bulb vegetables will be reduced.

The container mounting portion 10 includes a hydraulic cylinder 43.
As a result, the machine is moved up and down in an oblique direction with respect to the machine body. By raising the machine body to approach the machine body side, the center of gravity of the machine body is moved toward the center of the machine body, and stable traveling performance is obtained. When the heading vegetables in the container 9 are full, the harvesting operation is interrupted once, and the front side of the harvesting and transporting section 36 is lifted by the hydraulic cylinder 18, and the machine is finished on the ridge or already harvested. After moving to the place, the container placing section 10 lowers the container 9, places a new container 9 and restarts the harvesting work. The headed vegetables in the unloaded container 9 are packaged and shipped by another operator.

Here, in the headed vegetable harvesting machine 1, the transmission 5, the engine 3, the control section 7 and the processing space 8 are arranged in the front side of the crawlers 2 and 2, and the container mounting section is arranged in the rear side. By arranging 10, the front-rear and left-right balance of the machine body is improved, workability and work accuracy are improved, and the traveling property, turning performance, and stability of the machine body are improved. Further, since the crawlers 2 and 2 are configured to be spin-turnable and the transmission 5 is disposed in the central portion on the front side of the machine body, when the machine body spin-turns, it can be rotated in either left or right direction with good balance. Therefore, the soil of the field is not greatly attracted by the crawlers 2 and 2.

The spiral direction, pitch and rotation direction, and number of rotations of the pull-out section 6a, the first transfer section 6b, and the second transfer section 6c of the screw conveyors 6 and 6 of the above embodiment are set to a state suitable for each function. As a result, the headed vegetables will be properly extracted and transported. Further, since the pull-out section 6a and the first transfer section 6b and the second transfer section 6c are driven by different power transmission systems, it is possible to change their respective rotation speeds, and it is possible to adjust them more appropriately. You can also do the work. Further, the pull-out section 6a and the first transport section 6
Since the b and the second transport unit 6c are each configured by a plurality of spiral shafts, if any of them is damaged,
You only need to replace the damaged one.

[0027]

As described above, according to the heading vegetable harvester of the present invention, the screw conveyor divides the route from the front end of the pulling section to the end of the conveying section into a plurality of spiral shafts and divides the plurality of sets. When connecting the spiral axes of to form a continuous conveyor, the divided spiral axes are formed into a spiral pitch to suit each function, and the feed rate of the harvest is changed. The feed rate of the product can be appropriately changed for each of a plurality of sets of divided spiral shafts, and the harvested product can be conveyed at an appropriate speed by each part, and the function of the entire screw conveyor can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an entire headed vegetable harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a screw conveyor portion.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an arrow A portion of FIGS. 5 and 6;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow B in FIGS. 5 and 6.

9 is a sectional view of an arrow C portion in FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow D in FIGS. 5 and 6.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Balloon Vegetable Harvester 2 Crawler 3 Engine 4 Hydraulic Pump 5 Transmission 6 Screw Conveyor 6a Extraction Part 6b First Transfer Part 6c Second Transfer Part 7 Control Part 8 Cutting Table (Processing Space) 9 Container 10 Container Placement Part (Lift Device) ) 11 guide body 11a guide spiral body 11b withdrawing spiral body 12 cutting blade 13 transmission shaft 14 support frame and transmission frame 15, 21, 22 gear transmission mechanism 16 rotation support member 17 rotation shaft 18, 43 hydraulic cylinder 19 power transmission unit 20 screw Conveyor drive unit 23, 24 Universal joint 25 Bending transmission unit 26 Holding belt 26a Support frame 27 Gate frame 28 Vertical frame 29, 30 Upper frame 31 Link body 32 Spring 33 Scraping body 34, 35 Flexible tube ( Angle of inclination of a moving mechanism) 36 harvest transport portion 37 guide wheel 38 up and down adjustment mechanism 39 interlocking member 40 steps 41 seat 42 inclined frame a~c horizontal plane

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pair of left and right that transports toward the rear of the machine body while advancing the machine body while rotating while holding the rhizomes of the heading vegetables vegetated in the field from the left and right sides of the machine body front part. In the heading vegetable harvester provided with a screw conveyor, the screw conveyor divides the route from the front end of the pulling section to the end of the conveying section into a plurality of spiral shafts, and connects the plurality of divided spiral shafts in series. A headed vegetable harvesting machine, characterized in that, when a continuous conveyor is constructed, the divided spiral shafts are formed in a spiral pitch so as to suit each function, and the feed speed of the harvested product is changed.