JPH0646645A - Harvester for vegetable with formed head - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a harvester, equipped with a pair of screw conveyors for nipping the rhizomatic part of a vegetable with the formed head vegetating in a field, pulling out the rhizomatic part by rotation and conveying the vegetable to the rear of a machine body in the front thereof and capable of stably harvesting the vegetable with the formed heat without damaging the vegetable. CONSTITUTION:The objective compact riding type harvester for a vegetable with the formed head such as a cabbage, a Chinese cabbage or lettuce designed to harvest the vegetable with the formed head is constructed by installing a pair of right and left screw conveyors 5 for pulling out the rhizomatic part of the vegetable with the formed head vegetating in a field with the advance of a machine body while rotating so as to nip the rhizomatic part of the vegetable with formed head from both the right and left sides and conveying the vegetable with the formed head to the rear of the machine body and forming the screw conveyors 5 having a pulling out part (5b) continuous to conveying parts (5b) and (5c). The pulling out part (5a) has the front side opened into the shape of a Chinese character eight and the conveying part is formed from the first and the second conveying parts (5b) and (5c). The pulling out part (5a) and the conveying parts (5b) and (5c) are rotated in the rotational direction suitable for respective functions. Thereby, the vegetable with the formed head is stably harvested without damaging the vegetable.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a screw conveyor in a small-sized riding-type vegetable harvesting machine, which is mainly used for harvesting bulbous vegetables such as cabbage, Chinese cabbage, and lettuce.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various types of heading vegetable harvesters have been proposed for harvesting heading vegetables. For example, the rhizome of the heading vegetables vegetated in the field is pulled out from the field with the progress of the aircraft while being rotated while being sandwiched from the left and right sides by a pair of left and right screw augers,
In the process of transporting the pulled-out headed vegetables toward the rear of the machine by the transfer device, the rhizome is cut from directly below the head part by the cutting mechanism and the headed vegetables are stored in the storage device. A large-sized passenger type is known.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the above-mentioned relatively large-sized automatic harvesting type head-mounted vegetable harvesting machine,
It has a large front-rear length and left-right width, requires a large swivel headland area, is heavy, and is expensive, and is not suitable when the business scale and field area are small. Since the auger and the transport device are separately configured, the configuration is complicated and the harvested product is easily damaged. The present invention is intended to solve the above problems.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention comprises: (1) Rotating the front part of the machine so that the rhizomes of the heading vegetables vegetated in the field are clamped from both left and right sides. While pulling out of the field with the progress of the machine, a pair of left and right screw conveyors that convey toward the rear of the machine are provided, and this screw conveyor is configured as a continuous extraction section and a transfer section, and the extraction section and the transfer section, respectively. Configured to rotate in a rotation direction suitable for the function of

(2) A pair of the withdrawal section and the conveying section of the screw conveyor are placed outside each other in the withdrawal section,
In the transport unit, configured to rotate inward with respect to each other, (3) a pair of extraction unit and the transport unit of the screw conveyor, configured to rotate in the same direction,
Each is characterized by.

[0006]

The present invention having the above construction has the following functions. Since the screw conveyor has a continuous configuration of the pull-out section and the transport section, and the pull-out section and the transport section are rotated in the rotation directions suitable for their respective functions, the performance of picking the headed vegetables from the field is improved. , Reduces scratches on headed vegetables and transports them stably. Since the pulling-out portion and the conveying portion of the screw conveyor rotate in the pulling-out portion relative to each other and in the conveying portion relative to each other inwardly, the picking performance of the headed vegetables is improved and the feeding is stable. Since the pull-out section and the transport section of the screw conveyor are rotated in the same direction, the power transmission structure is simplified.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1
Is a headed vegetable harvesting machine, and the headed vegetable harvesting machine 1 is equipped with crawlers 2 and 2 which are paired to the left and right and which enable super-spindle turning. An engine 3 is mounted in the center of the machine body between the crawlers 2 and 2, and a generator driven by the engine, a hydraulic pump and the like (not shown) are mounted in the vicinity thereof. A transmission 4 is provided between the crawlers 2 and 2 at a lower position on the front side of the machine body. In addition, a pair of left and right screw conveyors 5 and 5 are provided, from the lower front of the machine to the upper center of the machine, passing through the transmission 4 to the upper center of the machine. Has its front end pivotally supporting the base end so that it can move up and down. A control unit 6 is provided on the side of the engine 3.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 7, the screw conveyors 5 and 5 rotate inward with respect to each other, and the rhizome S of a headed vegetable (eg cabbage) C vegetated in the field.
A pull-out portion 5a that pulls out of the field with the progress of the machine body while rotating so as to sandwich it from the left and right sides, and a first transporting section 5b that carries over the heading vegetables C extracted by the draw-out portion 5a and conveys them toward the rear of the machine body; 2nd conveyance part 5c
It consists of and. A cutting table (processing space) 7 for manually cutting the rhizome portion S from the conveyed heading vegetables C is provided in the substantially central portion of the machine body facing the conveyance end portion of the screw conveyor 5. Behind the cutting table 7, a forklift-shaped container placing section 9 for placing a container 8 containing the cut and cured headed vegetables C is provided so as to be able to move up and down.

A pull-out portion 5a of the screw conveyor 5
The front side is opened in an eight-shape, the guide body 10 for facilitating the introduction of the rhizome S of the heading vegetable C vegetated in the field and preventing the winding of the grass in the field at its tip, It is provided in a state where there is almost no gap between the tip and the pull-out portion 5a. A digging blade 11 is provided below the pull-out portions 5a, 5a. Further, below the screw conveyor 5, there is provided a cutting blade 12 for cutting the root portion R of the headed vegetable C conveyed by the screw conveyors 5, 5. Screw conveyors 5 and 5 are left and right supporting frames 1
The upper end of the tilt is supported by the rotating shaft 14
The lower end side of the tilt is vertically rotatable around the hydraulic cylinder 15, and the hydraulic cylinder 15 is provided between the machine body and the support frames 13 and 13.
A compression spring 16 provided on a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 15 supports the hydraulic cylinder 15 so that the hydraulic cylinder 15 can be moved up and down, and is elastically held by the compression spring 16.

As shown in FIG. 8, a holding belt 17 is provided corresponding to the carrying portions of the screw conveyors 5 and 5 for holding the headed vegetable C being carried from above. The presser belt 17 has a belt frame 17 a, which is a rear frame 18 formed by projecting the belt frame 17 a upward from the support frames 13, 13.
It is supported by the front frame 19. The rear end portion of the belt frame 17a is pivotally supported by a shaft 20 so as to be vertically rotatable, and is held between a pulley provided on the shaft 20 and receiving power from the machine body side and a pulley 21 provided at the front end portion of the belt frame 17a. The belt 17 is wound so as to rotate in the arrow direction. Further, the moving speed of the presser belt 17 and the rotating speed of the screw conveyors 5, 5, that is, the moving speed of the headed vegetable C are synchronized.

The screw conveyor 5 for the presser belt 17,
The portion facing 5 is a plurality of (five in FIG. 1) belt pressing arms 2 rotatably supported by the belt frame 17a.
2, a pressing roller 23 rotatably supported,
23, and the belt pressing arm 22 is
A spring 24 provided between the belt frame 17a and the belt frame 17a urges the pressure belt 17 toward the pressing belt 17. A sponge roller 25 is rollingly contacted with the upper surface of the pressing belt 17 so as to prevent soil from adhering to the upper surface of the pressing belt 17.
The front portion of the presser belt 17 has a spring 26 on the front frame 19.
Suspended by.

A pair of left and right guide wheels 27, 27 which come into contact with the support frames 13, 13 near the side of the pull-out portion 5a of the screw conveyor 5 so as to contact both sides of the headed vegetable cultivation ridge and receive a reaction force for pulling out the headed vegetable. Are installed. The guide wheel 27 can be adjusted up and down, moved back and forth, and can be adjusted in the left and right width, and has a camber angle. The guide wheels 27 are provided on both sides of the heading vegetable ridge as the machine runs.
27 is rollingly contacted to automatically steer the machine body, which enables a single operator to perform a steering (turning) operation at the field end and a work on the cutting table 7.

A step 28 on which an operator rides is provided behind the control section 6 and on the side of the cutting table 7, and
A seat 29 is provided in a part of the seat. Most of the harvesting work is performed by the guide wheels 27, 27 except that the operator performs a steering (steering) operation in the control unit 6 when turning at the end of the field.
Touches both sides of the headed vegetable cultivation ridge and follows and is almost automatically steered, and the worker is exclusively conveyed by the screw conveyors 5 and 5 and discharged from the end of the conveyance to the cutting table 7. From the heading vegetable C to the rhizome S with a knife
I am trying to do the work of cutting. The cut headed vegetables C are stored in the container 8 placed on the container placing section 9.

As shown in FIG. 9, the container mounting portion 9 has two fork-shaped mounting bases. The inclined frame 30 is composed of a pair of left and right channel members, which are provided in a rearward inclination shape behind the cutting base 7. , 30 to be lifted up and down via rollers, chains, hydraulic cylinders, etc., to form a lift device. Then, the container 8 containing the bulb-shaped vegetables C whose roots S have been cut is placed and moved up and down according to the amount of accommodation, and it is also used for loading and unloading the container 8. The container 8 used here contains about 2 headed vegetables C.
It is large enough to accommodate 00 kg. Further, the container mounting portion 9 has a structure that can be housed on the machine body side by rotating upward from the base end portion thereof.

The transmission 4 that receives power from the engine 3 to change gears is equipped with a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) (not shown) for continuously changing gears. To change gears, connect power transmission via side clutch and differential device,
By disconnecting, the crawlers 2 and 2 are allowed to travel continuously and stepwise with variable speed. A brake device is also provided in association with the differential device. Then, when the steering lever is largely operated, the side clutch, the differential mechanism, and the brake are actuated so as to turn the aircraft into a super-complex turn.

The screw conveyors 5 and 5 and the presser belt 17 are capable of continuously and stepwisely changing their rotational speed and moving speed, and are combined with the stepless or stepwise variable speed running of the crawlers 2 and 2. By doing so, the harvesting speed of headed vegetables can be freely set. Further, the screw conveyors 5 and 5 and the pressing belt 17 are in a state where the hydraulic cylinder 15 is extended to rotate the rotating shaft 14 about the center and rotate the tip end side during traveling on the road or in turning work at the end of the field. , It makes it easy to drive on the road and turns the headland in a small area.

Next, the operation of the heading vegetable harvester 1 constructed as described above will be described. The heading vegetable harvester 1
For example, when performing harvesting work in a field where cabbage, which is a heading vegetable C, is cultivated, the guide wheels 27, 27 are moved up and down,
The screw conveyors 5 and 5 and the presser belt 17 are adjusted in a state of being in contact with both sides of the cultivation ridge by adjusting the longitudinal movement and adjusting the lateral width.
Is driven to rotate, and the crawler 2, 2 causes the machine body to run. The machine body travels almost automatically by the guide wheels 27, 27, and the heading vegetables C vegetated in the cultivation ridges are dug by the digging blade 11 at the bottom of the root R, and the screw conveyors 5, 5 are pulled out. The parts 5a, 5a rotate so as to clamp the rhizome S of the heading vegetable C from both sides, and pull out lightly by the backward feeding action and the traveling of the machine body.

Since the guide bodies 10 are provided at the tip ends of the pull-out portions 5a, 5a, weeds and the like growing in the field are prevented from winding around the rotating pull-out portions 5a, 5a. The heading vegetables C pulled out by the pulling-out parts 5a, 5a are taken over by the first carrying parts 5b, 5b, and then taken over by the second carrying parts 5c, 5c, and are raised and carried toward the rear of the machine at a steep angle. . In this conveying process, the heading vegetables C are pressed from above by the pressing belt 17 and move in a stable posture, and the root portion R of the heading vegetables C is cut by the cutting blade 12 during the movement.

The pressing belt 17 has its front end side suspended from the front frame 19 by a spring 26 and rotatable about a shaft 20. Further, at a portion corresponding to the screw conveyors 5 and 5, a belt pressing arm 22 and a pressing roller 23 are provided. , 23, spring 2
Since it is pressed at a substantially predetermined interval by means of 4 or the like, the posture of the headed vegetable C can be accurately pressed and corrected according to the size, interval, etc., and more reliable transport can be performed. Also, presser belt 1
Since the sponge roller 25 rolls on the upper surface of 7,
Soil is prevented from adhering to the upper surface of the presser belt 17, and soil does not adhere to the upper surface of the headed vegetable C.

Further, in the screw conveyors 5 and 5 (and the presser belt 17), the rear ends of the support frames 13 and 13 are rotatable by the rotary shaft 14, and the front ends thereof are guide wheels 27 and 2.
7 and is supported by a hydraulic cylinder 15 provided between the machine body and the support frames 13, 13 and a compression spring 16 provided on a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 15 so as to be movable up and down. Since the front side of (and the presser belt 17) is supported extremely lightly, it is possible to quickly follow the unevenness of the field in the floating state and perform highly accurate harvesting work.
Further, stable harvesting work is performed without being affected by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 15.

The heading vegetables C discharged from the conveying end portions of the clew conveyors 5 and 5 are brought to the cutting table 7. Then, the worker cuts the stem stem S, the lower leaves and the like from the heading vegetable C with a kitchen knife or the like and processes them. The cut stem stem S and lower leaves are released to the field. The cut headed vegetable C is
It is accommodated so as to be put into the container 8 placed on the container placing section 9. At this time, when the amount of the headed vegetables C stored in the container 8 is small, the container placing section 9 is raised and lowered as the amount thereof increases, so that damage caused when the headed vegetables C are dropped or dropped can be reduced. can do.

Since the container mounting portion 9 is designed to move up and down in an oblique direction with respect to the machine body, by raising it and bringing it closer to the machine body side, the center of gravity of the machine body is moved toward the center of the machine body to ensure stable traveling performance. can get. Further, when the heading vegetables C in the container 8 are full, the harvesting work is temporarily stopped and the hydraulic cylinders 15 are used to drive the screw conveyors 5, 5
With the front side of (and the presser belt 17) being lifted, the machine is moved to the ridge or a place where harvesting has already been completed, and the container 8 is lowered by the container placing section 9 and a new container 8 is placed. To resume the harvesting work. The heading vegetables C in the unloaded container 8 are packed and shipped by another operator.

The heading vegetable harvester 1 has a transmission 4 in front of the crawlers 2 and 2, an engine 3, an operating portion 6 and a processing space 7 in the center, and a container mounting portion in the rear. By arranging 9, the front-rear and left-right balance of the machine body is improved, workability and work accuracy are improved, and the traveling property, turning performance, and stability of the machine body are improved. In addition, the crawlers 2 and 2 are configured to be capable of super-complex turning, and the transmission 4 is arranged in the central portion on the front side of the machine body. Therefore, when the machine body makes super-communicate rotation, balance can be made in either left or right direction. I can turn well. Therefore,
The crawlers 2 and 2 do not greatly pull the soil in the field.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the guide body 10 for preventing the winding of grass in the field is attached to the tip of the pull-out portion 5a.
Although the guide body 10 is provided in such a state that there is almost no gap between the guide body 10 and the drawn-out portion 5a, the guide body 10 may be provided with a side plate 31 as shown in FIGS. In this case, even when the number of weeds in the field is very large, the side plate 31 can surely prevent the winding around the extraction portion 5a.

12 to 14 show the pitch direction and the rotation direction of the pull-out section 5a, the first transfer section 5b and the second transfer section 5c of the screw conveyors 5 and 5 of the above embodiment from the state of FIG. It may be changed to. That is, FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 show the case where the pitch direction and the rotation direction of the pull-out portion 5a and the first transport portion 5b and the second transport portion 5c are changed, and the pull-out portion 5a moves the rotary shaft 32 to the first transport direction. The portion 5b and the second transport portion 5c are rotatably pierced to fix the gear 33 to the shaft end, the gear 35 fixed to the transmission shaft 34 is meshed with the gear 33, and the first transport portion 5
The gear 37 fixed to the transmission shaft 36 is meshed with the gear 38 fixedly provided on the b side and the second conveying unit 5c side, and the pull-out unit 5
The a and 5a are rotated outward, and the first transfer sections 5b and 5b and the second transfer sections 5c and 5c are rotated inward.

In the case of this embodiment, the pull-out portions 5a,
5a rotates to the outside and is a heading vegetable C vegetated in the field.
The rhizome S of the above acts to pull out the bulb vegetables C,
Coupled with the fact that the lower side of the root portion R is dug by the dug blade 11, the headed vegetable C can be easily pulled out.
In the first conveyors 5b, 5b and the second conveyors 5c, 5c, as in the case of FIG. 6, the heading vegetables C are pressed from above by the pressing belt 17 and conveyed in a stable posture.

As shown in FIG. 14, the pull-out portion 5a of the screw conveyors 5 and 5 and the pitch and rotation directions of the first conveying portion 5b and the second conveying portion 5c are set as follows.
It is also possible to change the pitch direction and the rotation direction of a, the first transport unit 5b, and the second transport unit 5c so that they are in the same direction. In this case, the driving mechanism of the screw conveyors 5 and 5 is simplified, the configuration is simplified, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

The presser belt 17 is shown in FIG. 15 and FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, a pleated belt 39 may be used. A large number of flexible folds 40 are fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the pleated belt 39. In the pleated belt 39, the upper surface of the headed vegetables C conveyed by the screw conveyors 5 and 5 is fed by scratching the upper surface of the headed vegetables C by a large number of pleats 40, and the headed vegetables C can be conveyed without damaging them. .

[0029]

As described above, according to the heading vegetable harvester of the present invention, the following effects can be achieved. A pair of left and right screw conveyors are installed at the front of the machine to pull out from the field as the machine progresses while rotating while pinching the rhizomes of the heading vegetables vegetated in the field from both left and right sides and transporting them toward the rear of the machine. Since the screw conveyor has a structure in which the extraction section and the transfer section are continuous, and the extraction section and the transfer section are configured to rotate in the rotation directions suitable for their respective functions, the extraction performance of headed vegetables in the extraction section Can be improved. In addition, the headed vegetables can be pulled out without being damaged, and the bite of the rhizome part into the carrying part can be favorably carried out, so that the vegetables can be stably carried.

Since the pulling-out portion and the conveying portion of the screw conveyor rotate in the pulling-out portion relative to each other and in the conveying portion relative to each other inwardly, the pulling-out performance of the headed vegetables in the pulling-out portion is improved, It can be stably transported in the section. Since the pull-out section and the transport section of the screw conveyor are rotated in the same direction, the power transmission structure of the screw conveyor is simplified and the cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an entire headed vegetable harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the same arrangement configuration.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a tip portion of a screw conveyor.

FIG. 4 is a partial plan view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a partial side view of the same.

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view showing a rotation direction of a screw conveyor.

FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the entire screw conveyor.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a pressing belt and a screw conveyor.

FIG. 9 is a side view of a container placement unit (lift device).

FIG. 10 is a plan view of another embodiment of the tip of the screw conveyor.

FIG. 11 is a partial side view of the same.

FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view showing another embodiment of the rotation direction of the screw conveyor.

FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the same transmission structure.

FIG. 14 is a schematic plan view showing still another embodiment of the rotation direction of the screw conveyor.

FIG. 15 is a schematic side view of another embodiment of the presser belt.

FIG. 16 is a front view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Heading Vegetable Harvester 2 Crawler 3 Engine 4 Transmission 5 Screw Conveyor 5a Extraction Part 5b First Transfer Section 5c Second Transfer Section 6 Control Section 7 Cutting Table (Processing Space) 8 Container 9 Container Placement Section (Lift Device) 10 Guide Body 11 Digging blade 12 Cutting blade 13 Support frame 14 Rotating shaft 15 Hydraulic cylinder 16 Compression spring 17 Presser belt 17a Belt frame 18 Rear frame 19 Front frame 20 Shaft 21 Pulley 22 Belt presser arm 23 Presser roller 24, 26 Spring 25 Sponge Roller 27 Guide wheel 28 Step 29 Seat 30 Tilt frame 31 Side plate 32 Rotating shaft 33, 35, 37, 38 Gear 34, 36 Transmission shaft 39 Pleat belt 40 Pleat C Cabbage S Rhizome R Root

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A pair of left and right that transports toward the rear of the machine body while advancing the machine body while rotating while holding the rhizomes of the heading vegetables vegetated in the field from the left and right sides of the machine body front part. The screw conveyer is provided, and the screw conveyer has a structure in which the extraction unit and the conveyance unit are continuous, and the extraction unit and the conveyance unit are configured to rotate in rotation directions suitable for their respective functions. Head vegetable harvester. 2. The pair of pulling-out portions and the conveying portion of the screw conveyor are configured so that the pulling-out portions rotate mutually outside and the conveying portions rotate inside each other. Head vegetable harvester. 3. The headed vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the pair of pull-out parts and the carrying part of the screw conveyor are configured to rotate in the same direction.