CN110894102A - Method for purifying malodorous substances in livestock breeding environment - Google Patents
Method for purifying malodorous substances in livestock breeding environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN110894102A CN110894102A CN201911149231.8A CN201911149231A CN110894102A CN 110894102 A CN110894102 A CN 110894102A CN 201911149231 A CN201911149231 A CN 201911149231A CN 110894102 A CN110894102 A CN 110894102A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/44—Organic components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/58—Ammonia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/84—Biological processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/342—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the enzymes used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/347—Use of yeasts or fungi
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/95—Specific microorganisms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The invention discloses a purification method of malodorous substances in a livestock breeding environment, which belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and comprises the steps of diluting a microbial compound deodorant microbial inoculum to obtain a compound bacterial liquid, adding the compound bacterial liquid into garbage to be treated, and then treating the garbage according to a re-fermentation process; the ratio of the volume of the added microorganism composite deodorant bacteria liquid to the mass of the garbage to be treated is 0.5-1: 100, the microorganism composite deodorant bacteria agent is rich in a large amount of probiotics and bioactive enzymes, can quickly decompose and convert odor sources, thoroughly degrade organic substances in the odor sources, purify ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and the like in air, inhibit odor from being generated from the sources, instantly purify air malodorous substances, achieve 95% of ammonia removal rate and 93% of hydrogen sulfide removal rate, quickly and effectively reduce the malodorous substances in air and pollution sources, achieve remarkable effect and achieve the purification purpose.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a method for purifying malodorous substances in a livestock breeding environment.
Background
The wastes (such as livestock and poultry manure, residual sludge of sewage treatment plants and garbage transfer and distribution stations) release a large amount of odor substances (including volatile toxic substances) in the processes of generation, stacking and discharge, directly cause air pollution, and can damage the health of livestock, operators and people in the surrounding areas until the livestock, the operators and the people die. The traditional high-altitude discharge dilution method belongs to the off-site transfer of odor substances, and the odor substances are not removed fundamentally; the conventional physicochemical deodorization method (such as an adsorption method, a neutralization method, a catalytic oxidation method and the like) has good deodorization effect, but has high operation cost and energy consumption and poor effect stability. If the adsorption method needs to consume a large amount of active carbon, the cost of materials such as adsorption resin, synthetic zeolite and the like is high, and meanwhile, the materials need to be replaced regularly, so that secondary pollution is easy to generate; if the neutralization method needs to replace and fill the acidic or alkaline absorption liquid regularly, the secondary treatment cost of the absorption liquid is high, the technical requirements are strict, and the treated object is relatively fixed and single and is usually acidic gas or alkaline gas; the catalytic oxidation method has high energy consumption, the catalyst is generally rare metal, the price is high, the process manufacturing technology is high, the fault is easy to occur, the treated waste gas mainly comprises toxic and harmful gas, smelting waste gas, chemical waste gas and the like, and the method is not suitable for treating malodorous gas in a farm, a refuse landfill or a fertilizer plant. The biological deodorization method has the advantages that the biological deodorization method has obvious advantages compared with other technologies, and is a new environment-friendly technology.
In the production process of livestock and poultry farms, because nutrient substances which are not completely digested in livestock and poultry manure are subjected to anaerobic degradation to generate a large amount of malodorous substances which mainly comprise volatile fatty acids, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, esters, amines, thiols, nitrogen-containing heterocycles and other organic components and harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and the like, the production and the health of livestock and poultry are greatly influenced, and the sustainable development of livestock and poultry breeding is restricted. Therefore, the efficient purification of the malodorous substances in the livestock and poultry breeding environment is developed, the livestock products are effectively supplied, the production and living environment of rural residents is improved, and the green sustainable development of the animal husbandry is realized.
With the rapid development of the industrialization of the breeding industry, the number of the large-scale and intensive livestock and poultry farms is increased, the number and the density of the breeding farms are increased, particularly, the scattered small-scale farms operated by rural specialized households are all the star chess cloths, and the problems caused by the wastes (organic matters such as excrement, urine, residual feed, bedding and the like) generated by the livestock and poultry farms to the environment are more and more serious due to the limited conditions and the long-term extensive operation. A large amount of excrement and urine excreted by livestock and poultry every day is decomposed under the action of putrefying bacteria to generate a large amount of irritant malodor. These odors are mainly methane, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, indole, skatole, organic acids and various alcohols.
At present, most of plant deodorizers sold in the market are blended by chemical raw materials, odor is covered by fragrance, the generation of odor cannot be fundamentally inhibited, and secondary pollution to the environment is easy to generate. The microbial deodorant can inhibit the generation of odor from the root through the slow decomposition of rotten organic matters by microorganisms, but has slow deodorization effect and can not decompose the odor in the air. Therefore, it is important to provide a method for purifying malodorous substances in the livestock and poultry breeding environment, which can inhibit the generation of odor from the source, decompose the odor in the air and quickly deodorize the odor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for purifying malodorous substances in a livestock breeding environment, which can be used for rapidly decomposing and converting odor sources, thoroughly degrading organic substances in the odor sources, reducing the contents of ammonia, nitrogen and hydrogen sulfide, realizing 'land, water and air' three-dimensional deodorization and achieving a rapid and thorough odor removal effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a method for purifying malodorous substances in a livestock breeding environment, which comprises the steps of diluting a microbial compound deodorant microbial inoculum to obtain a compound bacterial liquid, adding the compound bacterial liquid into garbage to be treated, and then treating the garbage according to a re-fermentation process; wherein the ratio of the volume of the added microorganism composite deodorant bacterial liquid to the mass of the garbage to be treated is 0.5-1: 100, and the microorganism composite deodorant bacterial agent consists of a composite microorganism bacterial agent, a bioactive decomposition enzyme and a plant extract.
As a further improvement of the invention, the re-fermentation process is to add corn straws accounting for 3 percent of the mass of the garbage to be treated into the garbage to be treated, ferment for 4 to 7 days at the temperature of 20 to 30 ℃, and stop fermenting when the pH value is measured to be 3.
As a further improvement of the invention, the microbial compound deodorant microbial inoculum consists of 50-70% of compound microbial inoculum, 20-30% of bioactive decomposition enzyme and 10-30% of plant extract.
As a further improvement of the invention, the compound microbial agent is 50 wt% of lactic acid bacteria, 20 wt% of yeast, 20 wt% of bacillus and 10 wt% of photosynthetic bacteria.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the biologically active lytic enzyme is an oxidoreductase.
As a further improvement of the invention, the oxidoreductase is a polyphenol oxidase.
As a further improvement of the invention, the polyphenol oxidase is a laccase.
As a further improvement of the invention, the plant extract is prepared from 15-30 parts of gardenia, 5-15 parts of horsetail, 5-10 parts of lavender, 20-30 parts of lemon, 5-10 parts of ginger, 10-20 parts of mint, 50-60 parts of tea, 5-10 parts of wormwood, 10-15 parts of shaddock peel, 15-20 parts of bamboo leaf and 5-8 parts of mulberry leaf.
As a further improvement of the invention, the preparation process of the plant extract is as follows: accurately weighing the raw materials, cleaning, pulping, extracting with alcohol, concentrating, purifying and filtering to obtain the plant extract.
As a further improvement of the invention, the cleaning process comprises the steps of soaking the raw materials in water, stirring, wiping the cleaned raw materials by using muslin, and protecting raw material tissues in the wiping process.
As a further improvement of the invention, the preparation process of the plant extract is as follows:
(1) picking: collecting plants, leaves and stems with vigorous vitality and good root systems, removing rotten, mildewed and deteriorated parts which influence the product quality as raw materials of the preparation process of the plant extract, and weighing; (2) cleaning: soaking the picked raw materials in water, stirring to make the raw materials slowly move along with the water flow, slightly wiping the cleaned raw materials with fine cotton cloth, and taking care to protect raw material tissues during wiping; (3) extruding: putting the cleaned raw materials in the previous step into extrusion equipment for extrusion to prepare an extracting solution; (4) pulping: placing the extracting solution in the last step into a pulping device in a pulping device, and then carrying out high-speed homogenization and high-pressure homogenization to prepare plant extracting solution juice; (5) alcohol extraction and concentration: performing carbon dioxide supercritical extraction on the plant extract juice obtained in the last step, and performing reduced pressure concentration and ethanol recovery by taking absolute ethanol as a solvent to obtain an ethanol extraction concentrated solution; (6) and (3) purification: adding the concentrated solution obtained in the last step into filter resin containing ethanol solution for multiple times of elution, and then concentrating the extracting solution under reduced pressure to obtain pure plant extracting solution; (7) and (3) filtering: filtering the pure solution obtained in the last step by a plate frame, then performing ultrafiltration treatment for multiple times, and collecting the permeated plant extract.
As a further improvement of the invention, the supercritical extraction pressure is 20-35Mpa, the extraction temperature is 30-75 ℃, and the extraction time is 0.5-3 h.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the deodorization principle of the invention is that the microorganism decomposes rotten organic matters to inhibit the generation of odor and accelerate the decomposition speed of the organic matters, thereby fundamentally eliminating the odor, and simultaneously utilizing the bioactive enzyme to instantly decompose the odor in the air and inhibit the breeding of harmful bacteria, and the deodorization device has rapid action and obvious effect. Plant essence can be added according to the requirement (covering a small amount of chemical industry and medical odor), and the odor can be comprehensively treated. The method for purifying the malodorous substances in the livestock and poultry breeding environment is non-toxic, harmless, non-irritant, non-corrosive, harmless to human bodies, animals and plants, eliminates harm to the human bodies caused by covering odor with a chemical flavoring agent, and provides a green, safe and environment-friendly deodorization method.
The purification method of the invention has the advantages of fast and thorough deodorization, capability of fundamentally eliminating odor sources, non-dangerous articles, safety, environmental protection, no toxicity or harm, wide application range of the added microorganism composite deodorant, capability of being applied to various odorous spaces and excrement or sewage to realize land, water and air three-dimensional deodorization, low cost, no need of expensive additional devices and simple use method.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a sealing experiment apparatus in example 1 of the present invention, in which a microorganism composite deodorizing bacterial agent and a smoke bomb of the present invention are added to a left fish tank, and a right fish tank is a blank control containing only the smoke bomb;
fig. 2 is a smoke concentration diagram after 30min of the sealing experiment in embodiment 1 of the invention, and it is obvious from fig. 2 that the smoke in the left fish tank is thin and the smoke in the right fish tank is strong.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The invention provides a method for purifying malodorous substances in a livestock breeding environment, which comprises the steps of diluting a microbial compound deodorant microbial inoculum to obtain a compound bacterial liquid, adding the compound bacterial liquid into garbage to be treated, and then treating the garbage according to a re-fermentation process; wherein the ratio of the volume of the added microorganism composite deodorant bacterial liquid to the mass of the garbage to be treated is 0.5-1: 100, and the microorganism composite deodorant bacterial agent consists of a composite microorganism bacterial agent, a bioactive decomposition enzyme and a plant extract.
As a further improvement of the invention, the re-fermentation process is to add corn straws accounting for 3 percent of the mass of the garbage to be treated into the garbage to be treated, ferment for 4 to 7 days at the temperature of 20 to 30 ℃, and stop fermenting when the pH value is measured to be 3.
As a further improvement of the invention, the microbial compound deodorant microbial inoculum consists of 50-70% of compound microbial inoculum, 20-30% of bioactive decomposition enzyme and 10-30% of plant extract.
As a further improvement of the invention, the compound microbial agent is 50 wt% of lactic acid bacteria, 20 wt% of yeast, 20 wt% of bacillus and 10 wt% of photosynthetic bacteria.
The acidic products such as lactic acid, acetic acid and the like generated by the fermentation of the lactic acid bacteria can inhibit the growth and propagation of pathogenic bacteria. The bifidobacteria in the lactic acid bacteria flora can also remove potential carcinogens such as phenols, indoles, amines, hydrogen sulfide and the like generated by certain putrefying bacteria in the excrement, and degrade nitrite ammonia which is a strong carcinogen to prevent cancers. The bacillus can increase the reproduction of beneficial bacteria in the cattle manure, promote the absorption of protein and heavy metal, effectively regulate the occupation of the beneficial bacteria, inhibit the generation and reproduction of putrefying bacteria and putrefying products, eliminate toxin generated by harmful bacteria and further inhibit the generated malodorous gas; furthermore, lactic acid bacteria can generate a large amount of lactic acid, beneficial bacteria are regulated to keep micro-ecological balance, absorption of protein and monosaccharide is promoted, and activity of bacillus in excrement is improved; the saccharomycete is a fungus with both aerobic and aerobic properties, can propagate vigorously under aerobic conditions, and can produce ethanol by anaerobic fermentation of sugar under anaerobic conditions. The ethanol produced by fermentation of yeast and symbiotic yeast such as bacillus, lactobacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, etc. can be directly used as photosynthetic bacteria for photosynthesis. Its product is hydrolyzed into small molecular organic matter descendant capable of being utilized by photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, and the produced vitamin B and some physiological active matter can promote the growth and propagation of various microbial colony. The microorganism composite deodorant microbial inoculum saccharomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria can promote the photosynthesis growth of the microorganism composite deodorant microbial inoculum, and can improve the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms and promote the inhibition and transformation of harmful pollution components such as sulfide, ammonia and the like; the propagation and growth of pathogenic bacteria can be effectively inhibited; has disease preventing and treating effects; can effectively improve the fermentation treatment efficiency, can accelerate the rapid reaction of microorganisms such as bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis and the like, and reduce the feeding times of strains, thereby reducing and saving the cost. Meanwhile, because spores can be generated in bacillus cells and have strong stress resistance and can germinate and grow in low pH value environment and high temperature, the microbial composite deodorant microbial inoculum can be suitable for low pH value and high temperature environment. The corn straws are added in the re-fermentation process, so that amino acid and sugar can be decomposed, and the reaction among strains in the composite microbial inoculum can be further assisted; the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus licheniformis adopt strains with the effective viable bacteria number more than 3 hundred million/g, and the bacteriostatic effect of the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus licheniformis is obviously better than that of the effective viable bacteria with the effective viable bacteria number less than 3 hundred million/g under the conditions of the same dosage and the same proportion. Various microbial strains are inoculated according to 50 wt% of lactic acid bacteria, 20 wt% of saccharomycetes, 20 wt% of bacillus and 10 wt% of photosynthetic bacteria, so that the microbial strains can fully react in the excrement, the inhibition effect on malodorous gases such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia gas and the like in the excrement is most prominent, and the effect period is longer.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the biologically active lytic enzyme is an oxidoreductase.
As a further improvement of the invention, the oxidoreductase is a polyphenol oxidase.
As a further improvement of the invention, the polyphenol oxidase is a laccase.
As a further improvement of the invention, the plant extract is prepared from 15-30 parts of gardenia, 5-15 parts of horsetail, 5-10 parts of lavender, 20-30 parts of lemon, 5-10 parts of ginger, 10-20 parts of mint, 50-60 parts of tea, 5-10 parts of wormwood, 10-15 parts of shaddock peel, 15-20 parts of bamboo leaf and 5-8 parts of mulberry leaf.
The michelia alba can be used for extracting essence or fumigating tea, and can also be used for preparing extract for medicine, and has the effects of promoting qi circulation and eliminating turbid pathogen, and treating cough. The horsetail is a natural herb with great nutritional value, and contains abundant nutrients and minerals, such as vitamins a, b and e, minerals of silicon, manganese, potassium and the like, and particularly abundant silicic acid and silicate. On one hand, the compound microbial agent can provide nutrients, and on the other hand, the peculiar smell of the compound microbial agent can relieve the malodor. Lavender has unique fragrance, and can be used for extracting essential oil. Lemon has unique fragrance and can be used for purifying air. The ginger can play a role of certain antibiotics, and especially has a better effect on salmonella. The mint has the bacteriostatic effect, can inhibit bacteria in foul substances in the livestock and poultry breeding environment, contains aromatic alkene, can refresh brain, sooth liver and regulate qi, and has the relieving effect on liver qi stagnation, chest distress and listlessness. Catechin in the tea plays a role in deodorization, and after supercritical extraction, catechin is enriched, so that the deodorization effect is better. The plants of folium Artemisiae Argyi have strong fragrance, and can be used for repelling mosquito. The pomelo peel can repel peculiar smell and prevent mosquitoes. After the bamboo leaves are subjected to supercritical extraction, the effective components of the bamboo leaves, including flavonoids, lactones and phenolic acid compounds, are enriched, and the bamboo leaves have a good antibacterial effect.
As a further improvement of the invention, the preparation process of the plant extract is as follows: accurately weighing the raw materials, cleaning, pulping, extracting with alcohol, concentrating, purifying and filtering to obtain the plant extract.
As a further improvement of the invention, the cleaning process comprises the steps of soaking the raw materials in water, stirring, wiping the cleaned raw materials by using muslin, and protecting raw material tissues in the wiping process.
As a further improvement of the invention, the preparation process of the plant extract is as follows:
(1) picking: collecting plants, leaves and stems with vigorous vitality and good root systems, removing rotten, mildewed and deteriorated parts which influence the product quality as raw materials of the preparation process of the plant extract, and weighing; (2) cleaning: soaking the picked raw materials in water, stirring to make the raw materials slowly move along with the water flow, slightly wiping the cleaned raw materials with fine cotton cloth, and taking care to protect raw material tissues during wiping; (3) extruding: putting the cleaned raw materials in the previous step into extrusion equipment for extrusion to prepare an extracting solution; (4) pulping: placing the extracting solution in the last step into a pulping device in a pulping device, and then carrying out high-speed homogenization and high-pressure homogenization to prepare plant extracting solution juice; (5) alcohol extraction and concentration: performing carbon dioxide supercritical extraction on the plant extract juice obtained in the last step, and performing reduced pressure concentration and ethanol recovery by taking absolute ethanol as a solvent to obtain an ethanol extraction concentrated solution; (6) and (3) purification: adding the concentrated solution obtained in the last step into filter resin containing ethanol solution for multiple times of elution, and then concentrating the extracting solution under reduced pressure to obtain pure plant extracting solution; (7) and (3) filtering: filtering the pure solution obtained in the last step by a plate frame, then performing ultrafiltration treatment for multiple times, and collecting the permeated plant extract.
As a further improvement of the invention, the supercritical extraction pressure is 20-35Mpa, the extraction temperature is 30-75 ℃, and the extraction time is 0.5-3 h.
The lactic acid bacteria, the yeasts, the bacillus, the photosynthetic bacteria and other strains are all purchased from commercial sources.
Example 1 sealing experiment
Preparing two fish tanks with the same size and smoke bomb capable of producing smokePutting the fish tanks into the fish tank, sealing the fish tanks by using ground rubber to prevent smoke in the fish tanks from escaping, as shown in figure 1, putting the microbial composite deodorant agent in one fish tank, only putting smoke bomb in the other fish tank, after 30min, as shown in figure 2, adding the microbial composite deodorant agent has thin smoke concentration, the fish tank on the left side has only light taste and can be completely accepted, the fish tank on the right side has much smoke which is all sulfide taste, after being smelled by a volunteer, the nose has burning sensation, the fish tank on the left side is super choked, and through determination, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen in the fish tank on the left side can reach 95 percent, and H are respectively2The removal rate of S can reach 93 percent, and the degradation rate of the odor concentration can reach 90 percent.
Example 2 deodorization of the farm houses
Diluting the compound deodorant microbial inoculum of microorganism by 50 times to obtain compound bacterial liquid, uniformly spraying each part (including ground, corner, cage, excrement and urine groove, etc.) of the colony house by using a sprayer, wherein the proportion of the volume of the added compound deodorant bacterial liquid of microorganism to the mass of the garbage to be treated is 0.5: 100, 1 time in initial 3 days, and after two times, spraying for 1 time every week, wherein the ammonia gas removal rate can reach 95% and the hydrogen sulfide removal rate can reach 93% after continuous use for 1 month.
The microbial compound deodorant microbial inoculum is composed of 50% of compound microbial inoculum, 20% of laccase and 30% of plant extract;
the compound microbial agent in the embodiment comprises 50 wt% of lactic acid bacteria, 20 wt% of yeast, 20 wt% of bacillus and 10 wt% of photosynthetic bacteria;
the plant extract in this embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials: 15 parts of gardenia, 5 parts of horsetail, 5 parts of lavender, 20 parts of lemon, 5 parts of ginger, 10 parts of mint, 50 parts of tea, 5 parts of wormwood, 10 parts of shaddock peel, 15 parts of bamboo leaves and 5 parts of mulberry leaves, wherein the preparation process of the plant extracting solution is as follows: (1) picking: collecting plants, leaves and stems with vigorous vitality and good root systems, removing rotten, mildewed and deteriorated parts which influence the product quality as raw materials of the preparation process of the plant extract, and weighing; (2) cleaning: soaking the picked raw materials in water, stirring to make the raw materials slowly move along with the water flow, slightly wiping the cleaned raw materials with fine cotton cloth, and taking care to protect raw material tissues during wiping; (3) extruding: putting the cleaned raw materials in the previous step into extrusion equipment for extrusion to prepare an extracting solution; (4) pulping: placing the extracting solution in the last step into a pulping device in a pulping device, and then carrying out high-speed homogenization and high-pressure homogenization to prepare plant extracting solution juice; (5) alcohol extraction and concentration: performing carbon dioxide supercritical extraction on the plant extract juice obtained in the last step, wherein the supercritical extraction pressure is 20Mpa, the extraction temperature is 30 ℃, extracting for 0.5, and performing reduced pressure concentration and ethanol recovery by using absolute ethanol as a solvent to obtain an ethanol extraction concentrated solution; (6) and (3) purification: adding the concentrated solution obtained in the last step into filter resin containing ethanol solution for multiple times of elution, and then concentrating the extracting solution under reduced pressure to obtain pure plant extracting solution; (7) and (3) filtering: filtering the pure solution obtained in the last step by a plate frame, then performing ultrafiltration treatment for multiple times, and collecting the permeated plant extract.
In the embodiment, the plant extract contains monoterpene and sesquiterpene volatile oil, glucoside, folic acid, coumarin, sterol, flavonoid and other structural compounds, and contains a plurality of effective antibacterial components, so that the plant extract can better inhibit staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, salmonella typhi and mycobacterium fortuitum compared with commercial bactericides.
Example 3 animal feces deodorization
The product is added with 1-2 kg of the microbial composite deodorant bacterial agent according to one ton of animal waste, or the microbial composite deodorant bacterial agent is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the animal waste by adding water 50 times, and after half a month, the removal rate of ammonia can reach 98%, and the removal rate of hydrogen sulfide can reach 95%.
Example 4 organic Sewage deodorization
Deodorizing organic sewage in livestock and poultry farms, slaughter industries, food processing plants and the like, adding 1-3 kg of deodorant into each ton of sewage, and basically eliminating odor after 3-5 days, so that the water quality is obviously improved.
Example 5 simple air deodorization of the culture Environment
Removing microorganisms compositelyThe ozone bacteria agent is diluted by 200 times to obtain compound bacteria liquid, the compound bacteria liquid is sprayed in the air, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen can reach 96 percent, and H is2The removal rate of S can reach 95 percent, and the degradation rate of the odor concentration can reach 90 percent.
The purification method of the invention has the highest ammonia nitrogen removal rate of 95 percent and H2The highest S removal rate can reach 93 percent, the degradation rate on odor concentration can reach 90 percent, the germ inhibition rate on a farm can reach 95 percent, the degradation rate on garbage odor concentration can reach 92 percent, the COD and ammonia nitrogen content in sewage can be obviously reduced, and odor substances in toilets can be effectively degraded. The deodorization speed is high, microorganisms are decomposed into carbon dioxide, water and nontoxic cell residues after the pollutants are eaten, no secondary pollution is caused, no pungent smell is generated in the using process, the microorganisms can be contacted with the skin of a human body or an animal, no toxicity is caused, and special cleaning is not needed.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for purifying malodorous substances in the livestock breeding environment is characterized in that a microorganism composite deodorant microbial inoculum is diluted to obtain a composite bacterial liquid, the composite bacterial liquid is added into garbage to be treated, and then the garbage is treated according to a re-fermentation process; wherein the ratio of the volume of the added microorganism composite deodorization bacteria liquid to the mass of the garbage to be treated is 0.5-1: 100; the microbial compound deodorant microbial inoculum consists of a compound microbial agent, a bioactive decomposition enzyme and a plant extract.
2. The method for purifying the malodorous substances in the livestock and poultry breeding environment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial compound deodorant microbial inoculum consists of 50-70% of compound microbial agent, 20-30% of bioactive decomposition enzyme and 10-30% of plant extract.
3. The method for purifying malodorous substances in the environment where livestock and poultry are bred according to claim 2, wherein the composite microbial agent is 50 wt% of lactic acid bacteria, 20 wt% of yeast, 20 wt% of bacillus and 10 wt% of photosynthetic bacteria.
4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the biologically active lytic enzyme is an oxidoreductase.
5. The method for removing malodorous substances in the environment where livestock and poultry are bred according to claim 4, wherein said oxidoreductase is a polyphenol oxidase.
6. The method for purifying malodorous substances in the environment where livestock are raised according to claim 5, wherein the polyphenol oxidase is laccase.
7. The method for purifying malodorous substances in the livestock breeding environment as claimed in claim 2, wherein the plant extract is prepared from 15-30 parts of gardenia, 5-15 parts of gulfweed, 5-10 parts of lavender, 20-30 parts of lemon, 5-10 parts of ginger, 10-20 parts of mint, 50-60 parts of tea, 5-10 parts of wormwood, 10-15 parts of shaddock peel, 15-20 parts of bamboo leaf and 5-8 parts of mulberry leaf.
8. The method for purifying malodorous substances in the environment of livestock and poultry breeding as claimed in claim 7, wherein the preparation process of the plant extract is as follows: accurately weighing the raw materials, cleaning, pulping, extracting with alcohol, concentrating, purifying and filtering to obtain the plant extract.
9. The method for purifying malodorous substances in the environment where livestock and poultry are bred according to claim 8, wherein the cleaning process comprises soaking the raw materials in water, stirring, wiping the cleaned raw materials with muslin, and protecting the tissues of the raw materials by care.
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