CN110881346A - Method for preventing and controlling sugarcane garden sesamia inferens by using trapping plant vetiver grass - Google Patents
Method for preventing and controlling sugarcane garden sesamia inferens by using trapping plant vetiver grass Download PDFInfo
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- CN110881346A CN110881346A CN201911156640.0A CN201911156640A CN110881346A CN 110881346 A CN110881346 A CN 110881346A CN 201911156640 A CN201911156640 A CN 201911156640A CN 110881346 A CN110881346 A CN 110881346A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
A method for preventing and controlling the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis by using a trapping plant of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is characterized in that the trapping plant of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is planted in a sugarcane garden, the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis adult is induced to lay eggs, and the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is prevented and controlled by utilizing the trapping effect of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis on the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis adult and the. According to the method, the vetiver grass which is a host plant addicted to the sesamia inferens is planted in the sugarcane garden at proper time, the effects of trapping and poisoning the greater borers of the vetiver grass are achieved, the greater borers are trapped on the vetiver grass to be centralized for prevention and control, the population number of the greater borers in the sugarcane garden is effectively reduced, the direct damage of the greater borers to the sugarcane is reduced, meanwhile, good sugarcane garden ecology can be established, the breeding of natural enemies of pests is promoted, the natural control force of natural enemies is improved, and the purpose of effectively controlling the greater borers for a long time is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pest control, in particular to a method for controlling Cnaphalocrocis medinalis by using a trapping plant vetiver.
Background
The Sesamia incerens Walker belongs to Lepidoptera and Noctuidae, and is an important boring pest on sugarcane. The sesamia inferens harm sugarcane with larvae, and has harm throughout the whole sugarcane growth period. In the seedling stage, dead seedlings are caused at the growth points of the damaged sugarcane seedlings, so that the number of field effective seedlings is reduced; in the middle and later growth stages, the sugarcane stalks are damaged by boring, the tissue of the sugarcane stalks is damaged, the growth of the sugarcane is hindered, and the yield and the sugar content of the sugarcane are reduced. Through investigation, the core withering rate of the sugarcane seedling borer is generally 10-20 percent, and the serious core withering rate reaches 70-80 percent; the stem borer damage rate of the sugarcane is generally 30-60 percent, and the serious stem borer damage rate reaches more than 80 percent. After the sugarcane is damaged, the yield is reduced by 10-20%, and the sucrose content is reduced by 0.157-1.394% (absolute value). Therefore, the prevention and treatment work of the sesamia inferens is well done, and the significance for promoting the yield and income increase of the sucrose industry is great.
At present, chemical control is the most main and effective means for controlling the Diatraea operculella in the sugarcane garden in China. However, the use of a large amount of chemical pesticide not only increases the production cost of sugarcane, causes pesticide residue, pest resistance and pest rampant, but also destroys natural ecology and threatens human health and survival.
The trapping plants are plants for attracting pests and protecting main crops from the damage thereof, and have a significantly higher attracting effect on pests than crops. The trap plant is used for preventing and controlling pests, host plants which are addicted to the pests are properly planted in farmlands, the pests are attracted to the trap plant by using the egg laying and feeding selectivity of the pests, and then the prevention and the control are carried out in a centralized way. However, the adoption of trap plants in the sugarcane orchard is interfered by a plurality of factors, and on one hand, the trap plants need to have stronger trap effect on the sesamophora inferens in the sugarcane orchard but cannot be beneficial to the propagation of the sesamophora inferens; secondly, the induced plants cannot cause adverse effects on the planting and growth development of the sugarcane and cannot form weed damage; thirdly, the costs of planting and managing the trapping plants are low, and the induced trapping plants are not easy to generate diseases. Therefore, what trapping plants are adopted and how to utilize the trapping plants to effectively control the sesamia inferens in the sugarcane garden are always problems to be solved by sugarcane planters.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the existing chemical prevention and control technology and provides a green and environment-friendly method for preventing and controlling the sesamia inferens in a sugarcane garden.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for preventing and controlling the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis by using the luring plant of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is characterized in that the luring plant of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is planted in a sugarcane garden to lure the adult Cnaphalocrocis medinalis to lay eggs, and the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is prevented and controlled by using the luring and collecting of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis adult and the poisoning and killing effect of larvae of.
The sugarcane orchard provided by the method comprises a newly planted sugarcane orchard or a perennial sugarcane orchard in a paddy field, a water-irrigated land or a dry land. Further, the vetiver grass is planted on ridges of the sugarcane garden and/or is interplanted with the sugarcanes in the sugarcane garden. Furthermore, when the vetiver grass and the sugarcane are interplanted, the vetiver grass is planted in parallel, one row is planted at the interval of 20-50m, the hole distance is 0.5-1.0m, and 3-8 tillering seedlings of the vetiver grass are planted in each hole.
The vetiver tillering seedling is a vetiver rooted plant. Further, before planting, the vetiver tillering seedlings are soaked in normal temperature water for 1-2 h.
In the method, after the vetiver grass is planted, perennial roots are planted without turning seeds. Further, the vetiver grass is pruned 1-2 times per year, the stems on the ground are pruned at the same soil, and the pruning time is in the middle of and/or at the end of each year, so that the seedling stage of the vetiver grass is matched with the high-hair stage of the sesamia inferens.
Vetiveria zizanioides (Vetiveria zizanioides), also known as vetiver, is a perennial herb. Research shows that the special smell released by the vetiver grass can effectively induce and collect the female adult ostrinia nubilalis to lay eggs on the female adult ostrinia nubilalis, and the hatched larvae can not complete the life history of the female adult ostrinia nubilalis. According to the method, the vetiver grass which is a host plant addicted to the sesamia inferens is planted in the sugarcane garden at proper time, the effects of trapping and poisoning the greater borers of the vetiver grass are achieved, the greater borers are trapped on the vetiver grass to be centralized for prevention and control, the population number of the greater borers in the sugarcane garden is effectively reduced, the direct damage of the greater borers to the sugarcane is reduced, meanwhile, good sugarcane garden ecology can be established, the breeding of natural enemies of pests is promoted, the natural control force of natural enemies is improved, and the purpose of effectively controlling the greater borers for a long time is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) provides a new method for preventing and controlling the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis. The luring and collecting plant vetiver grass utilized by the invention has stronger egg laying tendency to the adult sesamia inferens, and the larvae can not finish the life history after hatching, thereby providing a new way for preventing and controlling the sesamia inferens in the sugarcane orchard.
(2) Is easy to popularize. The lured plant vetiver grass planted by the method has strong adaptability, can be planted in perennial roots, has simple planting and management technology, less investment and low cost, and is favorable for popularization and application in sugarcane areas.
(3) Does not occupy sugarcane field. The vetiver grass is planted in the field such as the ridge, the sugarcane field is not occupied, and the vetiver grass grows vertically without influencing the growth of the sugarcane.
(4) The vetiver grass is easy to eliminate. The vetiver grass does not transversely stem, can not cause the grass damage of the sugarcane garden, and can be killed by the conventional herbicide if the vetiver grass is to be eliminated.
(5) Protecting the natural enemies. The vetiver grass can provide a better natural shelter for the natural enemies of the pests, promote the propagation of the natural enemies of the pests and improve the natural control capability of the natural enemies to the pests.
(6) Is environment-friendly. The method of the invention does not use or use less pesticide (according to the hazard condition of the sesamia inferens) for preventing and controlling the sesamia inferens, belongs to an environment-friendly technology, and maintains ecological balance. Not only reduces the sugarcane planting cost of sugarcane farmers, but also is beneficial to improving the ecology of the sugarcane garden.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to practice the invention in view of the present specification, but the present invention is not limited to the details.
Example 1
A method for preventing and controlling the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis by using a trapping plant of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is characterized in that the trapping plant of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is planted in a sugarcane garden, the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis adult is induced to lay eggs, and the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is prevented and controlled by utilizing the trapping effect of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis on the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis adult and the. Planting vetiver plants with roots along the periphery of a ridge on the ridge of a perennial sugarcane garden in a water-irrigated land, wherein the planting density is determined according to the actual condition of the field; after the vetiver grass is planted, the conventional water and fertilizer management is carried out in a sugarcane garden, perennial root planting is carried out, the seeds do not need to be turned over, 1-2 times of pruning are carried out every year, the stems on the ground are trimmed at the same level and soil, and the pruning time is in the middle and/or at the end of each year, so that the seedling stage of the vetiver grass is matched with the high-haired stage of the sesamia inferens. The vetiver grass can be controlled by selecting glyphosate and other herbicides according to the field planting requirement.
Example 2
A method for preventing and controlling the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis by using a trapping plant of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is characterized in that the trapping plant of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is planted in a sugarcane garden, the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis adult is induced to lay eggs, and the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is prevented and controlled by utilizing the trapping effect of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis on the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis adult and the. In particular to a method for sleeving vetiver tillering seedlings (the tillering seedlings can cut off the stems of the overground part) in a newly planted sugarcane garden in a paddy field. The tillering seedling of the vetiver grass is planted according to a conventional planting method. The tillering seedlings of the vetiver grass are planted in parallel, one row is planted at intervals of 20-30m, and the hole distance is 0.5-0.6 m. After the vetiver grass is planted, perennial root planting is carried out for a long time without turning seeds, 1 time of pruning is carried out every year, the stems on the ground are trimmed with soil, and the pruning time is in the middle of every year, so that the seedling stage of the vetiver grass is matched with the high-hair stage of the sesamia inferens. The vetiver grass is managed according to the normal water and fertilizer of the sugarcane garden without special management.
Example 3
A method for preventing and controlling the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis by using a trapping plant of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is characterized in that the trapping plant of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is planted in a sugarcane garden, the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis adult is induced to lay eggs, and the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is prevented and controlled by utilizing the trapping effect of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis on the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis adult and the. In particular to a vetiver grass tillering seedling sleeved in a perennial sugarcane garden in a dry land. Soaking the tillering seedlings of vetiver grass in normal temperature water for 1-2h before planting. The tillering seedlings of the vetiver grass are planted in parallel, one row is planted at the interval of 30-50m, and the hole distance is 0.6-1.0 m. After the vetiver grass is planted, perennial root planting is carried out for a long time without turning seeds, 2 times of pruning are carried out every year, stems on the ground are trimmed off in the same soil, and the pruning time is the year-middle and year-end, so that the seedling stage of the vetiver grass is matched with the high-haired stage of the sesamia inferens; the vetiver grass can be separated or transplanted according to the density condition in the field, and the herbicides such as glyphosate can be selected for preventing and removing according to the arrangement in the field.
The test for preventing and controlling the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis by using the trapping plant vetiver is as follows:
early preparation: in 6 months of 2017, a piece of perennial borer sugarcane garden (irrigated land, newly planted sugarcane, variety Yunsha sugarcane 08-1609; sugarcane land with the length of about 200m and the width of about 40m) is selected, and vetiver grass is planted along one long edge and along the ridge edge for 1 row. Planting 6-7 vetiver tillering seedlings in each hole according to the hole distance of 0.5m, and performing water and fertilizer management according to the technical method. And in 5 days at 12 months and at the end of the year, the overground part of the vetiver is cut off so that the following grass seedlings germinate. Harvesting and chopping sugarcane 2 month and 6 month in 2018 and keeping perennial root.
And (3) test implementation: the test was conducted in 2018, where the field management and fertilization levels were consistent in the test field. No borer control agents were applied during the test period. Before the sugarcane is earthed up greatly and in the sugarcane mature period, 5m is taken as an investigation unit, and the borer damage conditions in the seedling stage and the middle and later growth stages of the sugarcane are respectively investigated according to a conventional borer prevention and control effect investigation method. The control effect of vetiver grass on the sesamia inferens at different distances is analyzed and evaluated by taking the same variety outside 50m and the stem borer level at the same planting stage as a control. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 statistics table for preventing and controlling sugarcane garden borer by luring and collecting vetiver grass
As can be seen from Table 1, the control effect is obviously different between different distances from the vetiver grass in the seedling stage of the sugarcane. Wherein the control effect of 0-5m away from the vetiver is 91.37%, the control effects of 5-35m away from the vetiver are 80% -90%, and the control effect of 35-40m away from the vetiver is only 64.75%; in the mature period of the sugarcane, the control effect difference between different distances from the vetiver is small, wherein the control effect is 45-55% in the distance of 0-30 m.
The results show that the vetiver grass planted on the ridge of the sugarcane garden can effectively control the sessile borer in the sugarcane garden, the control distance can reach 30m, but the control effect is better than that in the middle and later growth stages of the sugarcane. The reason for this is that the plants in the seedling stage of the sugarcane are short and small, the big borers can easily sense the smell released by the vetiver grass, and the later-stage sugarcane plants are tall and dense, so that the smell diffusion of the vetiver grass is hindered. Therefore, when the vetiver is used for preventing and controlling the sesamia inferens, the application of the sugarcane in the seedling stage is emphasized.
The results also show that the vetiver trapping method is used for preventing and controlling the sesamia inferens, the damage of the sesamia inferens can not be completely controlled, the seed distance of the vetiver grasses in the sugarcane garden can be arranged according to the damage level of the sesamia inferens in the practical application process, and the technology such as agriculture, physics, biological control, chemical control and the like is used for processing.
Claims (8)
1. A method for preventing and controlling the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis guenee by using a trapping plant of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis guenee is characterized in that the trapping plant of the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis guenee is planted in a sugarcane garden, the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis guenee imagoes are induced to lay eggs, and the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis guenee imagoes are trapped and killed by the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis guenee and larvae.
2. The method for controlling Diatra nubilalis by using the trapping plant vetiver grass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vetiver grass is planted in the perennial root for a long time without the need of seed turning.
3. The method for controlling the sesamia inferens at the sugarcane orchard by using the sedge grass as the trapping plant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sugarcane orchard comprises a newly planted sugarcane orchard or a perennial sugarcane orchard in a paddy field, a water-irrigated field or a dry land.
4. The method for controlling the sesamia inferens in the sugarcane garden by utilizing the trapping plant vetiver as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the vetiver is planted on ridges of the sugarcane garden and/or is interplanted with sugarcane in the sugarcane garden.
5. The method for controlling Diatra nubilalis by using the trapping plant vetiver grass according to claim 4, characterized in that when the vetiver grass is interplanted with sugarcane, the vetiver grass is planted in parallel, one row is planted at intervals of 20-50m, the hole distance is 0.5-1.0m, and 3-8 tillering seedlings of the vetiver grass are planted in each hole.
6. The method for controlling the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis guenee by utilizing the trapping plant of the vetiver grass according to claim 5, wherein the tillering seedling of the vetiver grass is a vetiver grass rooted plant.
7. The method for controlling the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis guenee by utilizing the trapping plant of the vetiver grass according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the vetiver grass tillering seedlings are soaked in normal-temperature water for 1-2 hours before being planted.
8. The method for controlling the stem borers in the sugarcane orchard by utilizing the induced plant vetiver as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein after the vetiver is planted, the vetiver is trimmed 1-2 times per year, the stems on the ground are trimmed at the same soil, and the trimming time is in the middle of and/or at the end of each year, so that the seedling stage of the vetiver is matched with the high-hair stage of the stem borers.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113615523A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-11-09 | 江西省红壤研究所 | Cultivation method for intercropping vetiver grass on fresh-eating soybeans |
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